Tài liệu Tài liệu ôn thi thpt quốc gia môn tiếng anh 2016 cực hay (phần 8 - câu trực tiếp, câu gián tiếp trong tiếng anh)

1 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp (P1) I. Definition: 1. Lời nói trực tiếp:  là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.  được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép và sau động từ chính có dấu phẩy(,) hoặc dấu hai chấm(:).  Đôi khi mệnh đề chính cũng có thể đặt sau lời nói trực tiếp. She said: “I have never been to Paris” 2. Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech)  là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói. She said that she had never been to Paris. He said to me: “ I like your hair”  He said that he liked my hair. He said to her “ I like your hair” He told her that he liked her hair. II. Quy tắc chuyển trực tiếp sang gián tiếp Muốn chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, ta cần lưu ý những điểm sau: 1. Thay đổi S (đại từ nhân xưng làm chủ ngữ) , O (tân ngữ) , Possessive Adjectives (tính từ sở hữu) cho phù hợp . 2. Thay đổi động từ: Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi về quá khứ (các thì xuống cấp) Modal Direct speech Repored speech can "I can do it." He said he could do it. may "May I go out?" He wanted to know if he might go out. must "She must apply for the job." He said that she must/had to apply for the job. will "They will call you." He tod her that they would call her. Direct Speech Reported Speech Simple Present He said: "I am happy" Simple Past He said that he was happy Present Progressive Past Progressive Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 1 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP He said: "I'm looking for my keys" He said that he was looking for his keys Simple Past He said: "I visited New York last year" Past Perfect Simple He said that he had visited New York the previous year. Present Perfect He said: " I've lived here for a long time " Past Perfect He said that he had lived there for a long time Past Perfect He said: "They had finished the work when I arrived" Past Perfect He said that they had finished the work when he had arrived" Past Progressive He said: "I was playing football when the accident occurred" Past Perfect Progressive He said that he had been playing football when the accident had occurred Present Perfect Progressive He said:"I have been playing football for two hours." Past Perfect Progressive He said that he had been playing football for two hours Past Perfect Progressive He said: "I had been reading a newspaper when the light went off" Past Perfect Progressive He said that he had been reading a newspaper when the light had gone off Future Simple (will+verb) He said: "I will open the door." Conditional (would+verb) He said that he would open the door. Conditional (would+verb) He said: "I would buy Mercedes if I were rich" Conditional (would+verb) He said that he would buy Mercedes if he had been rich" 3. Thay đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn (Nếu có) (nếu V tường thuật ở quá khứ). Direct Speech Reported Speech Time Expressions today that day Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 2 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP now then yesterday the day before/ the previous day … ago … before last week the week before/ The previous week next year the following year/ the next year tomorrow the next day / the following day Place here there Demonstratives this that these those Ex: “ I met her yesterday” he said  He said that he had met her the day before. “I’ll do it tomorrow” He promised  He promised that he would do it the following day. Chú ý: Nếu động từ dẫn ở hiện tại, chỉ cần thay đổi quy tắc 1 (đổi S, O, P.adj) “I met her yesterday” He says.  He says he met her yesterday. III. Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp. Khi chuyển câu hỏi trực tiếp thành gián tiếp cũng cần áp dụng qui tắc chuyển đổi trên, ngoài ra cần thay đổi:  Động từ tường thuật câu hỏi gián tiếp là asked/ wanted to know/ wondered ( tự hỏi)  Trật tự từ chuyển về dạng trần thuật tức là chủ ngữ đứng trước động từ và không có trợ động từ  Không dùng liên từ “that’, dấu “?” được bỏ đi 1. Yes/No questions. S + asked + ( O ) + if / whether + clause Ex1: “ Are you ready?” He asked me. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 3 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP QT1: He asked me/ wanted to know IF/WHETHER S + V QT2: I was ready QT3: adv  He asked me/ wanted to know IF/WHETHER I was ready. Ex2: “Did you go out last night?” He asked her.  He asked her whether she had gone out the previous night. 2. WH- Questions. S + asked + (O) + wh - word + clause “When will you be ready?” He asked me. He asked me when I would be ready. “When did you finish work last night?” He asked her.  He asked her when she had finished the previous night. BÀI TẬP 1 (chữa trong video): 1. “Do you want to see the Cathedral?” 2. “Do you mean working on the night shifts?” She asked. 3. “Can you play any musical instrument?” The musician asked the girl. 4. “Have you ever seen an UFO?” He asked me. 5. “Did you go anywhere the day before yesterday?” The policeman asked the man. 6. “Will it be alright if I come in a little late tonight?” the aupair girl asked me. 7. “Did any of you actually see the accident happen?” The policeman asked. 8. “Are you going anywhere tomorrow night?” He asked her. BÀI TẬP 2 (chữa trong video): 1. “who did you give the money to?” Jane asked. 2. “what did you miss most when you were in prison?” Mary asked the ex. convict Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 4 Moon.vn 3. Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP “How offen do you go shopping?” the woman asked the girl. 4. “Why are you so late?” said the teacher “the lesson started half an hour ago”. 5. “where are you going for yoủ holiday this summer?” He asked me. 6. “who has been using my typewriter?” said my mother. BÀI TẬP 3 (luyện thêm) 1. “What is her name ?”, Bill asked me. 2. “Why did they do that ?”, he wondered. 3. He said, “Where does she live ?” 4. “What time does the film begin ?” 5. “Shall I wait for them or go on ?”, he wondered. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 5 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP KEY BÀI TẬP 1 (chữa trong video): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. He asked me IF I wanted to see the Cathedral. She asked me whether I meant working on the night shifts. The musician asked the girl if she could play any musical instrument. He asked me if I had ever seen an UFO. The policeman asked the man if he had gone anywhere 2 days before. The aupair girl asked me if it would be alright if she came in a little late that night. The policeman asked us if any of us had seen that accident happen. He asked her if/whether she was going anywhere the following night. BÀI TẬP 2 (chữa trong video): 1. 2. 3. 4. Jane asked me whom I had given the money to. Mary asked the ex. convict what he had missed most when he had been in prison. The woman asked the girl how offen she went shopping. the teacher asked him why he was so late and said that/ added that the lesson had started half an hour before. 5. He asked me where I was going for my holiday that summer. 6. My mother asked us who had been using her typewriter. BÀI TẬP 3 (luyện thêm) 1. Bill asked me what her name was. 2. He wondered why they had done that. 3. He asked her where she lived. 4. He wanted to know what time the film began. 5. He wondered whether he should wait for them or go on. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 6 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp (P2) I. Các trƣờng hợp không lùi thì động từ. 1. Khi c©u trùc tiÕp diÔn t¶ mét ch©n lý hay mét hµnh ®éng ®-îc lÆp ®i lÆp l¹i th-êng xuyªn theo thãi quen ë hiÖn t¹i. My teacher said, “The earth rises in the east”.  My teacher said that the earth rises in the east. She said, “I get up at 5 o‟clock every morning”. She said that she gets up at 5 o’clock every morning. 2. Câu điều kiện loại 1 2 Lời nói trực tiếp là câu điều hiện loại 1 thì được chuyển sang loại 2 ở lời nói gián tiếp The advertisement said; “If you answer the questions correctly, you may win one million dollar”  The advertisement said that I might win one million dollar If I answered the questions correctly. 3. Câu trực tiếp có dạng câu điều kiện loại 2 hoặc loại 3 không lùi thì. She said to me “If I had enough money, I‟d buy a new bicycle”  She said to me that if she had enough money, she‟d buy a new bicycle. 4. Mệnh đề sau “Wish” không lùi thì. He said “I wish I had a lot of money”  He said he wished he had a lot of money 5. Mệnh đề sau “ would rather” Không lùi thì. She said “I‟d rather you stayed at home”  She said to /told me that she would rather I stayed stayed at home. 6. Không thay đổi thì của mệnh đề sau “It’s (high/ about) time” She said; “It‟s about time you went to bed, children” She told her children that It was time they went to bed. 7. Động từ trong câu nói trực tiếp có thời gian xác định: He said, “I was born in 1980” He said that he was born in 1980. II. Ôn tập các dạng câu gián tiếp Tóm tắt Câu gián tiếp (reported speech) 1. S + V1( said) + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) A. Statements 2. S + V1( told )+ O1 + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) (Câu phát biểu) B. Wh-questions (Câu hỏi nội dung) 1. S + asked + (O) + wh-… + clause (S+V) 2. S + wondered + wh-… + clause (S+V) 3. S + wanted to know + wh-… + clause (S+V) Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 1 Moon.vn C. Yes-no questions (Câu hỏi có không) D. TO- INF Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 1. S + asked + (O) + if / whether + clause (S+V) 2. S + wondered + if /whether + clause (S+V) 3. S + wanted to know + if / whether + clause(S+V) 1. S + Ordered, asked, told, requested + sb + (not) + to infinitive “Please wait for a munite” the man akked me.  The man told me to wait for a munite. “Would you mind opening the door for me”  He asked me to open the door for him. “Please don‟t talk in class” 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.  The teacher asked me not to talk in class. To- INF: advise, invite, warn, persuade… “Would you/ could you/will you/ can you open the door for me?”  He asked me to open the door for me. “Would you like to go out for a drink”, He said. He invited me to go out for a drink. “ you should/ „d better …”= “If I were you, I‟d…” “If I were you, I would go to the zoo this Sunday” He advised me to go to the zoo that Sunday. Remember to…/Don’t forget to V: nhớ là phải làm gì  nhắc nhở  Remind sb to do smth: nhắc ai làm gì. She said to me “don‟t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”  He reminded me to ring her up the following evening. Agree to V: đồng ý làm gì “Alright, Of course, Certainly, …” Agree “Alright, I‟ll help you” he said  He agreed to help me. Want sb to V: muốn ai làm gì “Would you like/want sb to do sth..” “ I‟d like him to clean the floor” She said. She wanted him to clean the floor. Refuse to V: từ chối làm gì “I won‟t help you” she said. She refused to help me. Promise to V: Hứa làm gì “ I‟ll send you a gift on your birthday” He said He promised to send me a gift on my birthday. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 2 Moon.vn E. GERUND Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 1. Dream of, object to, insist on, complain about, prevent sb from/ stop sb from/ congratulate on “I‟ll help you with your exercises” He said to Ann He insisted on helping Ann with her exercises. 2. Cảm ơn, xin lỗi: S + thanked + sb + for + v-ing S + apologized for + (not) + v-ing S + apologized + to + s.o + for + (not) + v-ing “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much” Tom said to Ann  Tom thanked Ann for helping him. “I‟m sorry, I‟m late” Peter said.  Peter apologized for being late. 3. Đề nghị, gợi ý: S + suggest + (not) + V-ing … S1 + suggest (ed) + That + S2 + should + bare infinitive He said to me; “Let‟s go home”  He suggested going home  He suggested that we should go home “Let‟s go out for a drink,” Susan said.  Susan suggested going out for a drink. * Lời đề nghị, gợi ý thường bắt đầu bằng:  Could  Shall we ….  What about …/ How about V-ing…/ Let‟s V……./ Why don‟t we V …. Susan asked Peter “Why don‟t you go home now”  Susan suggested that Peter should go home then.  Susan suggested Peter‟s going home then. III. Bài tập I. Change these sentences into reported speech. 1. Mary said : “My father died a year ago”. 2. “Must you go now?”, said Mr. Brown. 3. John said : “I have finished studying my lesson”. 4. He asked me : “Why didn‟t you come to class yesterday?” Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 3 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 5. “Remember to buy some sugar”, my mother said.  My mother asked 6. He said : “If I were you, I would tell her about that” He advised........................................................................ 7. “Don‟t take more than two of these at once”, said the doctor. The doctor asked.............................................................................. 8. The traveler asked : “How long does it take you to get to London?” 9. “Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked Mary. 10. “Would you like to have dinner with us tonight,” Mike said.  Mike invited........................................................................................... 11. “ Why don‟t you organize an English competition for our students?” said Ms Lien. Ms Lien suggested.................................................................................... 12. “ You won the scholarship. Congratulations!” Mary told me.  Mary congratulated ................................................................................... 13. “ You were cheating” said David to Henry. David accused ............................................................................................ 14. “ It was kind of you to help me with my homework” Lan said to Hoa. Lan thanked ............................................................................................... 15. “ I‟m sorry I‟m late, said Mr Thanh. Mr Thanh apologized................................................................................... Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 4 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP KEY Change these sentences into reported speech. 1. Mary said that her mother had died a year before. 2. Mr Brown asked whether/ If I had to go then. 3. John said he had finished studying his lesson. 4. He asked me why I hadn‟t come to class the previous day/ the day before. 5. My mother asked me to buy some sugar. 6. He advised me to tell her about that. 7. The doctor asked not to take more than two of them at once. 8. The traveler asked how long it took me to get to London. 9. Tom asked Mary whether/ if she had phoned him the day before/ the previous day. 10. Mike invited me to have dinner with them that night. 11. Ms Lien suggested organizing an English competition for their students. 12. Mary congratulated me on winning the scholarship. 13. David accused Henry of cheating. 14. Lan thanked Hoa for helping her with her homework. 15. Mr Thanh apologized for being late. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 5 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp (P3) 1. Lời nói gián tiếp trong câu cảm thán What + (adj + N)/ (a/an + adj + N) How + adj/adv + S + V (be/V thường)  Exlaimed that: thốt lên “What a lovely dress!” She said  She exclaimed that it was a lovely dress “How beautiful she is!” He said  He exclaimed that she was beautiful. “How quickly he runs!” She said 2.  She exclaimed that he ran quickly. Lời nói gián tiếp trong câu chúc “Good luck!” He said to me  He wished me good luck. “Congratulation!” 3.  He Congratulated me. Lời nói gián tiếp trong câu chào The notice says “welcome to Vietnam”  The notice welcomes visitors to Vietnam “Good morning”; “Hello” 4.  He greeted me. Bài tập (chữa trong video) Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best completes each sentence 1. 2. 3. Jack asked me _____. A.where do you come from? B.where I came from C.where I came from D.where did I come from? She asked me _____ I liked pop music. A.when B.what C.if D.x The doctor ____ him to take more exercise. A.told B.tell C. have told D. are telling 4. I wanted to know_____ return home. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 1 Moon.vn A.when would she 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would Claire told me that her father____ a race horse. A.owns B.owned C. owning D. A and B What did that man say ______? A. at you B. for you C. to you D. you I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it _______ raining there. A. is B. were C. has been D. was The builders have ______ that everything will be ready on time. A. promised B. promise C. promises D. promising The doctor _______ him to take more exercise. A. told B. tell D. are telling C. have told 10. The last time I saw Linda, she looked very relaxed. She explained she’d been on holiday the ______ week. A. ago B. following C. next D. previous 11. Yesterday, Laura ______ him to put some shelves up. A. asked B. is asking C. ask D. was asked 12. Tom has ______ this story wasn’t completely true. A. admitting that B. was admitted that C. admitted that D. admit that 13. When I rang Tessa some time last week, she said she was busy ______ that day. A. that B. the C. then D. this 14. I wonder _____ the tickets are on sale yet. A. what B. when C. where D. whether 15. Mathew _____ Emma that her train was about to leave. A. has reminded B. has reminded that C. reminded D. reminded that 16. Hello, Jim. I didn’t expect to see you today. Sophie said you _____ ill. A. are B. were C. was D. should be 17. Ann ______ and left. A. said goodbye to me C. tell me goodbye D. told me goodbye 18. I told you ______ to switch off the computer, didn’t I ? A. don’t B. not C. not to D. to not 19. Bill was slow, so I ________ hurry up. A. tell him B. told him for C. told to D. told him to B. says goodbye to me Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 2 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 20. Sarah was driving to fast, so I ______ to slow down. A. asked her B. asked C. ask D. have asked her 21. Someone ______ me there’s been an accident on the motorway. A. asked B. said C. spoke D. told 22. Sue was very pessimistic about the situation. I advised her _____. A. no worry B. not worry C. no to worry D. not to worry 23. I couldn’t move the piano alone, so I asked Tom_______. A. giving a hand B. gave a hand D. give a hand C. to give a hand 24. Tom said that New York _______ more lively than London. A. is B. be C. was D. were 25. When he was at Oliver’s plat yesterday, Martin asked if he ______ use the phone. A. can B. could C. may D. must 26. George couldn’t help me. He ______ me to ask Kate. A. tell B. said C. told D. say 27. Judy ______ going for a walk, but no one else wanted to. A.admitted B. offered C. promised D. suggested 28. I said that I had met her ______ . A. yesterday B. the previous day C. the day D. the before day. 29. The man asked the boys ______ . A. why did they fight B. why they were fighting C. why they fight 30. “______the door”, he said. A. please open D.why were they fighting B. open pleased C. please to open D. please, opening 31. I wanted to know ______ return home. A. when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would 32. The woman wonders _______ doing well at school. A. whether her children are B. if her children were C. whether her children were D. her children are if 33. Peter said he was leaving for Paris ______. A. next week B. the week previous C. following week D. the following week 34. “I don’t usually drink milk when ______ ” Mrs. Pike said. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 3 Moon.vn A. she was hungry Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP B. I was hungry C. I am hungry D. I will be 35. They said that their house had been broken into ______. A. the two days before B. two days ago C. two days before D. since two days 36. She advised me _______ an apple everyday to stay healthy. A. eating B. I should eat C. to eat D. please, eat 37. “I’ll come with you as soon as _______” she replied. A. I was ready B. I am ready C. I ready D . am I ready 38. “_____ today as it was yesterday.” She remarked. A. it wasn’t so foggy B. it isn’t so foggy C. it hadn’t been so foggy D. it isn’t such foggy 39. “I wish _____ eat vegetables”, he said. A. my children will B. my children would C. whether my children would D. my children must 40. “I _____ late again”, she promised. A. I am not B. I won’t be C. I wouldn’t D. I was not late 41. “Could you tell me how to get to the airport?” 42. 43. 44. 45. A. he asked me how to get to the airport B. he said if I could tell him the airport C. he told me how to get to the airport D. he asked me to tell how to get to the airport “Have you heard of her marriage?” A. she asked me if I hear of their marriage B. she asked me whether I had heard of their marriage C. she asked me if I had heard of their marriage D. B and C Cindy said that “I haven’t seen John since last month.” A. Cindy said she hasn’t seen John since the previous month B. Cindy said she hadn’t seen John since the previous month C. Cindy said she wasn’t seen John since the previous month D. Cindy said she doesn’t see John since the previous month The little boy said “two and two make four.” A.The little boy said that two and two made four. B.The little boy said that two and two have made four. C.The little boy said that two and two had made four. D.The little boy said that two and two make four. “If I were you, I would go to the doctor. ”Minh said to Lan. A. Minh told Lan to become a doctor B. Minh advised Lan to go to the doctor C. Minh told Lan that he would to go to the doctor Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 4 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP D. Minh advised Lan not to go to the doctor 46. His wife said to him: “write to me as often as you can” A. His wife told him to write to her as often as he can B. His wife told him to write to her as often as he could C. His wife told him writing to her as often as he could D. His wife told him writing to her as often as he can 47. “What were you doing last night, Mr John?” asked the police. A. The police asked what were you doing last night, Mr John B. The police asked Mr John what he had been doing the night before C. The police asked Mr John what he had been done the night before D. The police asked Mr John what had he been done the night before 48. The teacher advised us . A. to be careful when doing these exercises B. be careful when doing these exercises C. careful when doing these exercises D. are careful when doing these exercises 49. She told me . A. think well before I answered B. think well before I answer C. to think well before I answered D. think well before I will answer 50. He begged them --------------. A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D. help to him 5. Bài tập (luyện thêm) 12. “Why don’t we go camping this Sunday?” he said. 13. “Would you like to come to my birthday party next Sunday?” she said. 14. “Let’s have a talk on the new film”, he said. 15. “ Shall I do the cleaning up for you?” he said. 16. “What a clever boy!” she said. 17. “How ugly!” he said. 18. “Did you prepare your meal?” he said. “No” I said. 19. “Happy birthday”, he said. 20. “Take your seat”, he said. “thank”, I said. Chuyển những câu sau sang gián tiếp. 1. “Shall I help you with the exercises?” he said. 2. “Shall we give him a birthday cake?” he said. 3. “Could I leave early on Friday?” he said. 4. “Where shall we meet tonight?” she said. 5. “Will you have a drink?” he said. 6. “How far is it from here to college?” he said. 7. “Do you often have breakfast at 6.30 a.m?” he said 8. “Don’t swim too far, boys” she said. 9. “Do come in and have a drink” he said. 10. “Remember to wake me up” she said. 11. “If I were you, I would learn English”, she said. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 5 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP KEY Bài tập (chữa trong video) 1. B 11. A 21. D 31. D 41. A 2. C 12. C 22. D 32. A 42. D 3. A 13. A 23. C 33. D 43. B 4. D 14.D 24. C 34. C 44. D 5. B 15. C 25.B 35. C 45. B 6. C 16.B 26. C 36. C 46. B 7. D 17.A 27. D 37. B 47. B 8. A 18. B 28. B 38. B 48. A 9. A 19. D 29. B 39. B 49. C 10. D 20. A 30. A 40. B 50. C Bài tập (luyện thêm) 1.He offered to help me with the exercises. 2. He suggested that they should give him a birthday cake. 3. He asked if he could leave early on Friday. 4. She asked where they would meet that night. 5. He offered me a drink. 6. He asked how far it was from there to college. 7. He asked me if I often had breakfast at 6.30. 8. She warned the boys not to swim too far. 9. He invited me to come in and have a drink. 10. She reminded me to wake her up. 11. He advised me to learn English. 12. He suggested going camping that Sunday. 13. He invited me to come to his birthday party the following Sunday. 14. He suggested having a talk on the new film. 15. He offered to do the cleaning up for me. 16. She said that the boy was clever. 17. He gave an exclamation of horror. 18. He asked whether I had prepared the meal and I said I hadn’t. 19. He wished me happy birthday. 20. He told me to take my seat and I thanked him. Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 6 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp (P4) I. Hướng dẫn học sinh cách làm bài tập trắc nghiệm 1. Nhận biết đáp án sai và loại trực tiếp: A. Dựa vào thì của động từ:  Nếu nhận biết được đó là 1 câu gián tiếp mà có đáp án liên quan tới thì hiện tại (hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, hiện tai hoàn thành) hoặc tương lai (tương lai đơn, tương lai gần) thì sẽ loại trực tiếp đáp án đó. Nếu đó là 1 câu hỏi thì có thể loại trực tiếp những đáp án có trợ động từ đảo lên trước chủ ngữ. I said to Nick: “Where are you going?”  A. I asked Nick where was he going. B. I asked Nick where he was going. C. I asked Nick where is he going. D. I asked Nick where he is going. Phân tích: đây là câu hỏi chuyển sang gián tiếp nên có thể loại trực tiếp đáp án A, C, D do đã đảo trợ động từ lên trước chủ ngữ (A, C) và sử dụng thì động từ không phù hợp (D). B. Dựa vào trạng từ: nếu có những đáp án không phù hợp về trạng từ thì cũng loại trực tiếp (trong câu gián tiếp không thể có các trạng từ như: today, yesterday, tomorrow, here, now, last........) “I wrote to him yesterday” A. B. C. D. Phân tích: hợp. She said to me I wrote to him the day before. She told me she wrote to him yesterday. She told me she had written to him yesterday. She told me she had written to him the day before. câu này có thể loại trực tiếp đáp án b, c do sử dụng trạng từ yesterday trong câu gián tiếp là không phù C. Dựa vào 1 số cấu trúc cố định: 1 số cấu trúc đi với to V/ Ving Jamei: “ Don’t eat so much junk food !” A. Jamei reminded me not to eat so much junk food B. Jamei asked me to not eat so much junk food C. Jamei re minded me not to ate so much junk food D. Jamei says me not to eat so much junk food Phân tích: câu này có thể loại trực tiếp đáp án b, c do không đúng cấu trúc reminded/ asked sb not to V. 2. Với những đáp án có thể đúng còn lại, học sinh tiếp tục xem xét và loại trừ dần để chọn ra đáp án đúng nhất. II. BÀI TẬP (chữa trong Video) Choose the best choice. 1. He said he……………..at the “Ritz” Hotel. A.is staying B. has stayed C. was staying Moon.vn D. will stay Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 1 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 2. He asked me where I……………. A. have studied B. study C. am studying D. studied C. am D. will be C. that D. A&B 3. Tina asked me how long I……………..a teacher. A. have been B. had been 4. She asked me…………….I liked pop musiC. A. if B. whether 5. The students asked if I was going to teach them physics……………… A. the next day 6. John asked me B. next day C. day next D. the day next in English. A. what does this word mean B. what that word means C. what did this word mean D. what that word meant 7. She said I A. am an angel. B. was C. were 8. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since A. yesterday 9. John asked me A. if I were 10. John asked me A. that I saw D. have been . B. two days ago C. the day before D. the next day interested in any kind of sports. B. if were I C. if was I D. if I was that film the night before. B. had I seen C. if I had seen D. if had I seen 11. “Go home,” said the teacher to us. A. The teacher told us to go home B. The teacher said us to go home C. The teacher told us go home D. The teacher told to us to go home 12. “Please bring me some fish soup,” he said to the waitress. A. He asked the waitress bring him some fish soup. B. He asked the waitress to bring her some fish soup. C. He asked the waitress to bring him some fish soup. D. He asked the waitress bring her some fish soup. 13. I said to Nick: “Where are you going?” A. I asked Nick where was he going. C. I asked Nick where is he going. Moon.vn B. I asked Nick where he was going. D. I asked Nick where he is going. Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 2