Tài liệu Phân tích dấu vân tay hóa học của dược liệu 1

Hildebert Wagner · Rudolf Bauer · Dieter Melchart Pei-Gen Xiao · Anton Staudinger Editors Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis of Herbal Medicines Thin-layer and High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Chinese Drugs Second, Revised and Enlarged Edition Vol. 1 Editors Prof.em.Dr.Dr.h.c.mult. Hildebert Wagner Ludwig-Maximilians-University Center of Pharma Research Department Pharmacy Germany, Munich Prof. Dr. Rudolf Bauer Karl-Franzens-University Graz Institute of Pharmaceutical Science Department of Pharmacognosy Austria, Graz Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Dieter Melchart Compentence Centre for Complementary Medicine and Naturopathy Technical University Munich Germany, Munich Prof. Pei-Gen Xiao The Editorial Office of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Beijing Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing, China Dipl.Kfm. Anton Staudinger Visiting Professor at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Executive Council Member of WFCMS TCM hospital Bad Kötzting, First German hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital for Psychosomatically and Psychotherapeutically General Manager Bad Kötzting, Germany Printed with financial support of TCM-Klinik Bad Kötzting, Germany “Chinese Drug Monographs and Analysis” originally published by Verlag für Ganzheitliche Medizin, Dr. Erich Wühr GmbH, © 2004 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machines or similar means, and storage in data banks. Product Liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for all the information contained in this book. This does also refer to information about drug dosage and application thereof. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. © 2011 Springer-Verlag/Wien SpringerWienNewYork is part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.at Photocredits: © Cover illustration and all figures with courtesy of the editors and authors Coverdesign: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting: Thomson Press (India) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed on acid-free and chlorine-free bleached paper SPIN: 80025669 With 376 (partly coloured) figures Library of Congress Control Number. 2011926593 ISBN 978-3-7091-0762-1 SpringerWienNewYork Editorial On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the establishment of the ¿rst hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Germany, the editors are pleased to present a new analytical manual for the quality proof of Chinese herbal drugs that meets the high standards of the European Drug Regulatory Authority. The chromatographic TLC-, HPLC- and GC-¿ngerprint analytical technique described in the monographs has never been used in any Pharmacopoeia, although it is the most comprehensive, non-sophisticated chromatographic method for a science-based identity and stability proof of Chinese Herbal Drugs and includes the detection of possible falsi¿cations or adulterations. This ¿ngerprint analysis enables, for the ¿rst time, the detection of the complex entities of all main low-molecular constituents of a plant drug with the advantage that the single constituents can be made visible in coloured TLC photographs and HPLC-peak pro¿les. Using online recordable UVspectra with the Diode Array technique, it is also possible to gain information about the chemical structure of single constituents. Each new monograph also contains a description of the macroscopic descriptions, an updated list of all the main bioactive constituents of a drug identi¿ed to date, and the pharmacological and biological activities of the single herbal drugs and their therapeutic application. A comprehensive reference list informs the reader about new analytical topics and trends. The eighty individual herbal drug monographs were ¿rst published by Dr. Wühr Publishers, Bad Kötzting and are now offered in an updated and corrected form in this new, two-volume manual published by Springer Publishing Company. A third volume containing further 40 herbal drug monographs will be completed by the end of 2012. Scienti¿c experts from the Universities of Munich (Germany) and Graz (Austria), along with around 25 scienti¿c co-workers and technicians, contributed to this comprehensive work. All participants in the project are most grateful to the owner of the TCM-hospital Bad Kötzting who has supported the project from its very beginning. In the later phases of the project, we also received ¿nancial support from the AiF-program of the German Ministry of Economics in Berlin (Germany). The editors: H. Wagner, R. Bauer, D. Melchart, Xiao Pei-Gen, A. Staudinger April 2011 v Table of Contents Vol. I: Monographs No. 1 – 40 Vol. II: Monographs No. 41 – 80 Table of Contents Vol. I Contents alphabetically (lat. names) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents alphabetically (chin. names) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Practical work guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi xv xix xxi xxv TCM-Analytical Monographs Vol. I 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Bupleuri, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frittilariae, Bulbus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rehmanniae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schisandrae, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asari, Radix et Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Houttuyniae cordatae, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pinelliae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Astragali, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angelicae pubescentis, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Atractylodis macrocephalae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Belamcandae sinensis, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lycopi lucidi, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notopterygii, Rhizoma seu Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angelicae sinensis, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Angelicae dahuricae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ligustici chuanxiong, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zanthoxyli, Pericarpium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Magnoliae officinalis, Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drynariae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Puerariae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Codonopsis pilosulae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gardeniae, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gastrodiae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ecliptae, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Andrographis, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paeoniae albae/rubrae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 13 23 37 45 59 71 83 99 113 127 141 151 161 171 181 191 203 211 221 233 245 255 263 273 281 vii Contents Vol. I 27. Sophorae, Flos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28. Coptidis, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29. Stephaniae tetrandrae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30. Ziziphi spinosae, Semen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31. Amomi rotundus, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32. Uncariae cum Uncis, Ramulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33. Clematidis, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34. Sinomenii, Caulis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35. Forsythiae, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36. Evodiae, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37. Anemarrhenae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38. Acanthopanacis senticosi, Radix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39. Scrophulariae, Radix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40. Polygoni multiflori, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 301 311 325 335 343 355 369 381 391 403 415 427 439 Appendix: Basic Solvent Systems, reagents and columns for the TLC-, GC- and HPLC-fingerprint Analysis of main structure types of natural products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drug monograph, Marker compounds, Chemical classification, Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 457 461 viii Contents Vol. II Table of Contents Vol. II Vol. I: Monographs No. 1 – 40 Vol. II: Monographs No. 41 – 80 TCM-Analytical Monographs Vol. II 41 Alismatis, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Carthami, Flos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Epimedii, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Cnidii, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Lycii radicis, Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Lycii, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Mori radicis, Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Mori, Folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Cimicifugae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Phellodendri amurensis, Cortex Phellodendri chinensis, Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Lonicerae, Flos Lonicerae japonicae, Flos Lonicerae japonicae, Caulis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Curcumae, Radix Curcumae longae, Rhizoma Curcumae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Dioscoreae oppositae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae hypoglaucae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae nipponicae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae septemlobae, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Ganoderma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Citri reticulatea, Pericarpium Citri reticulatea viride, Pericarpium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Corydalis, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Dipsaci, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Atractylodis lanceae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Leonuri, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Magnoliae, Flos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Piperis longi, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Sophorae flavescentis, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Scutellariae, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Chaenomelis, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Acori calami, Rhizoma Acori tatarinowii, Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Isatidis, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Tribuli, Fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 475 485 499 509 521 535 549 559 573 587 601 615 633 647 665 677 691 707 719 729 743 755 767 777 791 805 ix Contents Vol. II 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Ophiopogonis, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eucommiae, Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notoginseng, Radix et Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhei, Radix et Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Panacis Quinquefolii, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Siegesbeckiae, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salviae miltiorrhizae, Radix et Rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cassiae, Semen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Camelliae, Folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artemisiae Scopariae, Herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aconiti lateralis praeparata, Radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aconiti kusnezoffii praeparata, Radix Cinnamomi, Cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 819 831 843 857 875 893 903 923 935 951 967 977 991 Appendix: Basic Solvent Systems, reagents and columns for the TLC-, GC- and HPLC-fingerprint Analysis of main structure types of natural products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1009 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1015 Drug monograph, Marker compounds, Chemical classification, Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1019 x Contents alphabetically lat. name Acanthopanacis senticosus Aconitum kusnezo¿i Aconitum lateralis Acorus calamus Acorus tatarinowii Alisma orientalis Amomum compactum Amomum kravanh Amomum longiligulare Amomum villosum Amomum xanthioides Andrographis paniculata Anemarrhenae asphodeloides Angelica biserrata Angelica dahurica Angelica formosana Angelica pubescens Angelica sinensis Artemisia capillaris Artemisia scoparia Asarum heterotroppoides Asarum mandshuricum Asarum seoulense Asarum sieboldii Astragalus chrysopterus Astragalus Àoridus Astragalus membranaceus Astragalus mongholicus Astragalus tongolensis Atractylodes chinensis Atractylodes lanceae Atractylodes macrocephala Belamcanda sinensis Bupleurum chinense Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Camellia sinensis Carthamus tinctorius Cassia obtusifolia Cassia tora chapter 38 79 79 65 65 41 31 31 31 31 31 25 37 9 15 15 9 14 78 78 5 5 5 5 8 8 8 8 8 58 58 10 11 1 1 77 42 76 76 volume I II II II II II I I I I I I I I I I I I II II I I I I I I I I I II II I I I I II II II II page 415 977 977 777 777 467 335 335 335 335 335 273 403 99 171 171 99 161 967 967 45 45 45 45 83 83 83 83 83 691 691 113 127 1 1 951 475 935 935 xi Contents alphabetically Chaenomeles speciosa Cimicifuga dahurica Cimicifuga heracleifolia Cimicifuga racemosa Cimicufuga foetida Cinnamomum cassia Cinnamomum ceylanicum Citrus reticulata Citrus reticulata viride Clematidis chinensis Clematidis hexapetala Clematidis manschurica Cnidium monnieri Codonopsis modesta Codonopsis pilosula Codonopsis tangshen Coptis chinensis Coptis deltoides Coptis teeta Corydalis yanhusuo Curcuma kwangsiensis Curcuma longa Curcuma phaeocaulis Curcuma wenyujin Curcuma xanthorrhiza Dioscorea futschauensis Dioscorea hypoglauca Dioscorea nipponica Dioscorea opposita Dioscorea septemloba Dipsacus asperoides Drynaria fortunei Eclipta prostrata Epimedium acuminatum Epimedium brevicornum Epimedium koreanum Epimedium pubescens Epimedium sagittatum Epimedium wushanense Eucommia ulmoides Evodia bodineiri Evodia of¿cinalis Evodia rutaecarpa xii 64 49 49 49 49 80 80 55 55 33 33 33 44 21 21 21 28 28 28 56 52 52 52 52 52 53 53 53 53 53 57 19 24 43 43 43 43 43 43 69 36 36 36 II II II II II II II II II I I I II I I I I I I II II II II II II II II II II II II I I II II II II II II II I I I 767 559 559 559 559 991 991 647 647 355 355 355 499 233 233 233 301 301 301 665 601 601 601 601 601 615 615 615 615 615 677 211 263 485 485 485 485 485 485 831 391 391 391 Contents alphabetically Forsythia suspensa Frittilaria cirrhosa Frittilaria delavayi Frittilaria hupehensis Frittilaria pallidiÀora Frittilaria przewalskii Frittilaria thunbergii Frittilaria unibraceteata Frittilaria ussuriensis Frittilaria verticillata Frittilaria walujewii Ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma sinensis Gardenia jasminoides Gastrodia elata Houttuynia cordata Isatis indigotica Leonurus japonicus Ligusticum chuanxiong Lonicera confusa Lonicera hypoglauca Lonicera japonica Lonicera marcanthoides Lycium barbarum Lycium chinense Lycopus lucidus Magnolia biloba Magnolia biondii Magnolia denudata Magnolia liliiÀora Magnolia of¿cinalis Magnolia sprengeri Morus alba Notopterygium forbesii Notopterygium incisum Ophiopogon japonicus Paeonia lactiÀora Paeonia veitchii Panax ginseng Panax notoginseng Panax quinquefolium Phellodendron amurense Phellodendron chinensis 35 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 54 54 22 23 6 66 59 16 51 51 51 51 45/46 45/46 12 18 60 60 60 18 60 47/48 13 13 68 26 26 72 70 72 50 50 I I I I I I I I I I I II II I I I II II I II II II II II II I I II II II I II II I I II I I II II II II II 381 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 633 633 245 255 59 791 707 181 587 587 587 587 509/521 509/521 141 203 719 719 719 203 719 535/549 151 151 819 281 281 875 843 875 573 573 xiii Contents alphabetically Pinellia ternata Piper longum Polygonum multiÀorum Poria cocos Pueraria lobata Rehmannia glutinosa Rehmannia hueichingensis Rehmannia lutea Rehmannia purpurea Rheum of¿cinale Rheum palmatum Rheum tanguticum Salvia miltiorrhiza Schisandra chinensis Scrophularia ningpoensis Scutellaria baicalensis Siegesbeckia glabrescens Siegesbeckia orientalis Siegesbeckia pubescens Sinomenium acutum Sinomenium cinerum Sophora Àavescens Sophora japonica Stephania tetrandra Tribulus terrestris Uncaria hirsuta Uncaria macrophylla Uncaria rhynchophylla Uncaria sessilifructus Uncaria sinensis Uncaria tomentosa Zanthoxylum armatum Zanthoxylum bungeanum Zanthoxylum piperitum Zanthoxylum schinifolium Ziziphus jujuba xiv 7 61 40 75 20 3 3 3 3 71 71 71 74 4 39 63 73 73 73 34 34 27 27 29 67 32 32 32 32 32 32 17 17 17 17 30 I II I II I I I I I II II II II I I II II II II I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I 71 729 457 923 221 23 23 23 23 857 857 857 903 37 427 455 893 893 893 369 369 291 291 311 805 343 343 343 343 343 343 191 191 191 191 325 Contents alphabetically chin. name Chapter 26 Baishao 15 Baizhi 10 Baizhu 66 Banlangen 7 Banxia 2 Beimu 61 Bibo 58 Cangzhu 1 Chaihu 77 Cha-yeh 55 Chenpi 26 Chishao 53 Chuanshanlong 25 Chuanxinlian 16 Chuanxiong 38 Ciwujia 71 Dahuang 14 Danggui 21 Dangshen 74 Danshen 45 Digupi 3 Dihuang 9 Duhuo 69 Duzhong 52 Ezhu 29 Fangji 53 Fenbixie 75 Fuling 79 Fuzi 20 Gegen 46 Gouqizi 32 Gouteng 50 Guanhuangbo 19 Gusuibu 40 Heshouwu 42 Honghuo 18 Houpo 27 Huaihua 27 Huaimi 17 Huajiao volume I I I II I I II II I II II I II I I I II I I II II I I II II I II II II I II I II I I II I I I I page 281 171 113 791 71 13 729 691 1 951 647 281 615 273 181 181 857 161 233 903 509 23 99 831 601 311 615 923 977 221 521 343 573 211 439 475 203 291 291 191 xv Contents alphabetically Huangbo Huanglian Huangqi Huangqin Jianghuang Jili Jinyinhua Juemingzi Kushen Lianqiao Lingzhi Maidong Mianbixie Mohanlian Mugua Qianghuo Qingfengteng Qingpi Rendongteng Renshen Rougui Sangbaipi Sangye Sanqi Shanyao Shanyinhua Sharen Shechuangzi Shegan Shengma Shichangpu Suanzaoren Tianma Weilingxian Wuweizi Wuzhuyu Xinyi Xixiancao Xixin Xiyangshen Xuaanshen xvi 50 28 8 63 52 67 51 76 62 35 54 68 53 24 64 13 34 55 51 72 80 47 48 70 53 51 31 44 11 49 65 30 23 33 4 36 60 73 5 72 39 II I I II II II II II II I II II II I II I I II II II II II II II II II I II I II II I I I I I II II I II I 573 301 83 755 601 805 587 935 743 381 633 819 615 263 767 151 369 647 587 875 991 535 549 843 615 587 335 499 127 559 777 325 255 355 37 391 719 893 45 875 427 Contents alphabetically Xuduan Yanhusuo Yimucae Yinchen Yinyanghuo Yujin Yuxingxao Zelan Zexie Zhangchangpu Zhicaowu Zhimu Zhizi 57 56 59 78 43 52 6 12 41 65 79 37 22 II II II II II II I I II II II I I 677 665 707 967 485 601 59 141 467 777 977 403 245 xvii Acknowledgements Ɣ The editors wish to express their deep gratitude to the TCM-Hospital Bad Kötzting A. Staudinger and the Federal Ministry for Economics and Technology (AiF) Berlin, Germany for ¿nancial support as well as to CEO Biol. Chem. H. Rausch, Phytochem Reference substances, Ichenhausen/Neu Ulm, Prof. A. Vollmar, LMU Munich, Department of Pharmacy, and Prof. F. Bracher, LMU Munich for their cooperation in the development of the Chinese Herbal Monographs. We also thank Prof. Dai Jingzhang TCM-Hospital Bad Kötzting/Beijing, University of Chinese Medicine and Dr. C-H. Hempen, Center of Chinese Medicine Munich for their valuable explanation of the standard therapy using Chinese drugs. Ɣ We are deeply indebted our many scienti¿c coworkers and colleagues at the University of Munich (Germany) and the University of Graz (Austria), as well as to the Technical Assistants of the Department of Pharmacy, Munich named following: Department of Pharmacy Munich, Scienti¿c Assistants: Bauer Michael, Fischer Mathilde, Liu Yong, Michler Hans, Müller-Jakic Barbara, Nenninger Anneli, Nörr Heidrun, Offermann Franziska, Plößl Florian, Pröbstle Andrea, Wild Bernice, Zschocke Sibylle. Technical Assistants: Bächer Silvia, Grieblinger Elisabeth, Koch Stefanie, Marotel Dana, Mayr Christine. Pharmacognosy University Graz: Adams Michael, Lehmann Reg, Liu Jianghua, Reininger Eveline, Resch Marion Sylvia, Schühly Wolfgang Martin, Schwarte Anne, Seibt Anette, Stöhr Jochen. Ɣ The editors gratefully acknowledge the excellent cooperation with the Springer Publ. Comp. and Mrs. Dr. Claudia Panuschka and Mrs. Angelika Heller in particular. xix