Tài liệu Wts_1_introduction

Introduction of work measurement Work and Time Studies Vietnamese German University Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert 2016 http://mtm-international.org/the-globalstandard-in-work-measurement/ Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 1 Course organization Contents Course organization Schedule Project work Grades Preparation Introduction to work measurement Objectives of work measurement  Purposes of work measurements  Work studies due to work improvements Installation of work measurement Self-recording Course contents Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 2 Schedule 08:45 ‐ 10:15 10:30 ‐ 12:00 13:00 ‐ 14:30 14:45 ‐ 16:15 08:45 ‐ 10:15 10:30 ‐ 12:00 13:00 ‐ 14:30 14:45 ‐ 16:15 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 22.02.2016 23.02.2016 24.02.2016 25.02.2016 26.02.2016 Introduction Activity and time types Stopwatch time study Work sampling Estimating and comparing Work sampling Process analysis Activity and time types Performance rating Stopwatch time study Predetermined time standards Predetermined time standards Activity and time types Stopwatch time study Stopwatch time study Process analysis Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 29.02.2016 01.03.2016 02.03.2016 03.03.2016 04.03.2016 Project Project Standard times Standard times Project presentation Change management Project presentation Change management Project presentation Project Project The contents of the second week Projectwill be rearranged Standard times according to project needs. You will be notified during this Project week. Project Change management Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 3 Project work Two time study projects will be done in teams and graded Work sampling Stopwatch time study The final schedule and due dates will be confirmed during this week. Grades Your grades will base on your project report and presentation. Positive class participation will be considered. Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 4 Project work http://leanfactory.wixsite.com/l eanfactory-vietnam/lean-factory Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 5 Project work http://p7883.mittwaldserver.inf o/en/about-us/fischer-asia/ Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 6 Preparation Work clothes for the projects For working in the lab and the company: Please bring workwear! Safety shoes would be perfect – otherwise bring closed shoes. Trousers with long legs are recommended. Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 7 Preparation REFA time app for smartphone or tablet Please install the free version of the REFA Zeit app and bring your device to class. You will need it for the time study in the second project. www.refa.de Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 8 Preparation Regression calculations In the course unit on standard time elements we will do regression calculations. I will show the principle with MS Excel. Please bring your computer to class and have MS Excel or an equivalent software installed. Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 9 Introduction Work measurement Provides management with a method to measure the time taken to perform an operation or series of operations Technique to establish standard times for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance Accurately established time standards can increase the efficiency of the equipment and the optimal utilization of personnel. Salvendy 2001 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 11 Introduction Benefits of work measurement The establishment of reliable and accurate time standards makes it possible for companies to define their capacity or output, thus increasing the efficient use of equipment and obtaining optimal utilization of personnel. It can also be used to facilitate job design as a basis for e.g. Comparing various methods of doing the job Purchasing the most productive new equipment Introducing sound production controls Designing an efficient workplace layout Balancing between work schedules and available manpower Salvendy 2001 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 12 Introduction Benefits of work measurement Time standards can be used to investigate the difference between actual and standard performance and take appropriate action where necessary Other benefits of establishing reliable time standards Budgetary control Development of incentive plans Ensuring that quality specifications are met Salvendy 2001 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 13 Introduction Applications of work measurement Compare the efficiency of alternative methods Balance the work of team members so, that each member has tasks taking an equal time to perform Determine the number of machines an operator can run Provide information for the planning and scheduling of production, e.g. Plant and labor requirements for carrying out the work program Utilization of available machine and labor capacity Delivery promises Provide information for labor cost control and enable standard costs to be fixed and maintained Provide information on which incentive plans can be based Salvendy 2001 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 14 Introduction Work studies due to work improvements Time standards are always based on a specific working method and working conditions. Work or process improvements will directly affect the time taken. Then the method needs to be reevaluated and the time standard recalculated. To ensure that the methods applied when the time study was conducted are still being employed, regular audits should be scheduled. If a major modification in the method is observed e.g. change in tools used different sequence in operations change in materials processed change in process or approach then a new detailed study must be performed. Salvendy 2001 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 15 Introduction Installation of work measurement Successful installation of work measurement needs the full support of management to commit the time and financial resources necessary on a continuing basis. Salvendy 2001 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 16 Self-recording Motivation The following results of self-recording in a medium-sized plastics manufacturing enterprise show what kind of information can be gained with a time study. Definition of self recording Self-recording is a self-report by the working person, that lists the activities done. Then their durations and the frequency of their occurrence is calculated based on the equipment used. WS 3% TE 8% SF 14% QW 1% AV 9% PL 14% LQW 16% GL/BL 21% VK 12% BH 2% Bruder 2012 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 17 Self-recording Example of a numerical self recording Bruder 2012 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 18 Self-recording Distribution of total work time Customers 12% Accounting 3% Suppliers 9% Contacts 25% Production 38% Organization 13% Bruder 2012 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 19 Self-recording Meetings and exchange of information WS SF QW 3% 14% 1% GL/BL 21% TE 8% VK AV 12% 9% PL LQW 14% 16% BH WS SF QW GL BL VK BH LQW PL AV TE Workshop Shift leader Quality assurance Management Plant management Sales Accounting Line quality control Production manager Work preparation Engineering 2% Bruder 2012 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 20 Self-recording Comparative profile of tasks related to contacts and management of the managing director, plant director and office of the executive Administration Public relations Office of the executive Plant director Managing director Preparation and follow up of meetings Meetings Exchange of information Bruder 2012 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 21