Tài liệu Lap them Acquy cho Ups apc 3KVA

UPS ngoài acquy nội, UPS còn có thể được đấu nối thêm bình ngoài để tăng thời gian lưu điện. Việc đấu nối khá đơn giản, các bạn có thể tự làm 1 cái để sử dụng trong nhà rất hiệu quả. Các bạn cùng tham khảo cách đấu nối thêm acquy mở rộng và cấu hình khi lắp acquy ngoài cho UPS APC 3KVA như bên dưới: : – Thời gian sử dụng điện bình của UPS được tính toán và lưu trong EEPROM, vì vậy khi thay bình mới (17Ah) hoặc cứ 1 năm thì cần phải calibrate lại để UPS tính toán đúng thời gian sử dụng. – Nếu ta thay bình có dung lượng lớn hơn bình zin (17Ah) thì phải làm động tác giả là add thêm battery cho UPS. UPS có một ngõ DC in ở đằng sau để cho phép gắn thêm các tổ hợp bình để tăng thời gian sử dụng. Vì vậy nếu tui sử dụng bình 60Ah thì sẽ lấy 60/17 = 3.5 (chọn 2 là số tổ hợp bình add thêm và). – Nối cable vào cổng COM của PC và UPS rồi chạy chương trình Hyper Terminal - Gõ đại một cái tên vào rồi nhấn OK - Chọn COM1 - Chọn các thông số như sau Trong màn hình hyperterminal bấm chữ Y hoa. Nếu UPS trả về SM thì kết nối thành công. Bấm dấu > UPS sẽ hiện ra số tổ hợp bình (nếu chưa add vào sẽ là 000, của mình đã add nên là 002). Bấm dấu + để tăng số tổ hợp bình, dấu – để giảm. Xong bấm > để kiểm tra lại. – Thoát khỏi chương trình HyperTerminal – Xong chạy chương trình APC-Fix download từ http://depositfiles.com/files/yisdoooxl để xem thời gian sử dụng bình của UPS nhé Nếu các bác nghiên cứu protocol của APC (http://www.networkupstools.org/protocols/apcsmart.html) thì sẽ chỉnh được một số các thông số như: tắt tiếng beep của UPS khi mất điện nguồn, chỉnh điện áp ngõ ra 220V or 240V. Còn nếu thấy dùng protocol phức tạp thì có thể download Apcupsd tại link này http://www.apcupsd.com/ để chọc ngoáy UPS cho dễ 1 2 APC’s smart protocol Table of Contents

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Description Here’s the informaton on the elusive APC smart signalling protocol used by their higher end units (Back-UPS Pro, Smart-UPS, Matrix-UPS, etc). What you see here has been collected from a variety of sources. Some people analyzed the chater between PowerChute and their hardware. Others sent various characters to the UPS and fgured out what the results meant. RS-232 diferences Normal 9 pin serial connectons have TxD on 3 and RxD on 2. APC’s smart serial ports put TxD on pin 1 and RxD on pin 2. This means you go nowhere if you use a normal straight through serial cable. In fact, you might even power down the load if you plug one of those cables in. This is due to the odd routng of pins - DTR and RTS from the PC usually wind up driving the on/of line. So, when you open the port, they go high and *poof* your computer dies. Originally this evil hack was used to connect the UPS to the PC when this page was frst being built. As you can see, I cheated and neglected the ground (only 2 wires!) and it stll worked. This method can be used for playing around, but for professional systems this is obviously not a viable opton. That hack didn’t work out so well (damned cats), so it was retred uite awhile back. The most practcal soluton was to go out and BUY the DOS/Win version of Powerchute just for the black (smart) cable. I 3 recommend doing the same thing if you actually care about this thing working properly. Of course, if you have one of the newer packages that came with PowerChute, you already have the cable you need. Cable hacking Figure 1. Redrawn 940-0024C clone diagram (D. Stimitss Figure 2. Mac 940-0024C clone diagram (Miguel Howards Figure 3. Original 940-0024C diagram (Steve Drapers If you are handy with cable tools, check out these diagrams. They show how to clone the black "smart" cable that’s normally provided with APC models sold afer 1996. The loopback pins (back to the PC) are used to keep PowerChute happy by allowing cable detecton. If you use the NUT apcsmart or newapc drivers, those pins don’t mater. The Smart Protocol Despite the lack of ofcial informaton from APC, this table has been constructed. It’s standard RS-232 serial communicatons at 2400 bps/8N1. Don’t rush the UPS while transmitng or it may stop talking to you. This 4 isn’t a problem with the normal single character ueries, but it really does mater for mult-char things like "@000". Sprinkle a few calls to usleep() in your code and everything will work a lot beter. Character Meaning Typical results ^A Model string SMART-UPS 700 Spoty support for this uery on older models ^N Turn on UPS n/a Send twice with > 1.5s delay between chars Only on 3rd gen SmartUPS and Black Back-UPS Pros ^Z Capability string (long string) See "Capabilites" secton for more info A Front panel test Light show + "OK" Also sounds the beeper for 2 seconds B Batery voltage 27.87 This obviously varies a lot based on the current charge. Compare this to the nominal batery voltage C Internal temperature 036.0 Units are degrees C !, then $ Runs untl batery is below 25% (35% for Matrix) This updates the j values - only works at 100% batery charge Can be aborted with a second "D" D Runtme calibraton Other info E Automatc selfest intervals 336 Writable variable Values:  336 (14 days)  168 (7 days)  ON (at power on) (note extra space)  OFF (never) F Line fre uency, Hz 60.00 If this varies much, have a word with your local electrician G Cause of transfer O Writable variable Values:  R (unacceptable utlity voltage rate of change)  H (high utlity voltage)  L (low utlity voltage)  T (line voltage notch or spike)  O (no transfers yet since turnon)  S (transfer due to U command or actvaton of UPS test) I Measure-UPS: Alarm enable FF (not yet decoded)(bitmapped table, coming soon) J Measure-UPS: Alarm status 0F,00 (not yet decoded)(bitmapped table, coming soon) K Shutdown with grace period OK Send twice with > 1.5s delay between chars Older units may send "*" instead of "OK" Also see grace period L Input line voltage 118.3 Does not necessarily read 000.0 on line failure 5 Character Meaning Typical results Other info M Maximum line voltage 118.9 This is the max voltage since the last tme this uery was run N Minimum line voltage 118.9 Like the one above, this one also resets itself on every uery O Output voltage 118.3 Also see on batery output voltage P Power load % 023.5 Relatve to the capacity of the UPS Q Status fags 08 See status fags secton for more info BYE Only on 3rd gen Smart-UPS, Smart-UPS v/s, Back-UPS Pro UPS must receive command to enter smart mode contnue communicatons afer sending this OK Command executes afer grace period UPS goes online when power returns Only works when on batery R Turn dumb S Sof shutdown U Simulate power failure !, then $ See async notfer secton for info on ! and $ V Firmware revision GWD Can be used to determine abilites of hardware OK Tests batery, like pushing the test buton on the front panel Also see test results entry W Self test Values:  X Self-test results  OK   Y Enter smart mode Z Shutdown immediately OK → good batery BT → failed due to insufcient capacity NG → failed due to overload NO → no results available (no test performed in last 5 minutes) SM This must be sent before anything else on this page will work. Also see turn dumb command to exit smart mode n/a Send twice with > 1.5s delay between chars UPS switches the load of immediately (no grace period) Returns three main sectons:  Protocol version  Alert messages (aka async notfers)  Valid commands Sectons are separated with a period a Protocol info (long string) b Firmware revision 50.9.D Decoding above info: 50 SKU (variable length) 9 frmware revision 6 Character Meaning Typical results Other info D c UPS local id e Return threshold g Nominal batery voltage f Batery level h Measure-UPS: Ambient humidity country code (used in capability decoding) UPS_IDEN Writable variable Up to 8 leter identfer for keeping track of your hardware 00 Writable variable Minimum batery charge % to return from shutdown afer power returns Values:  00 = 0% (UPS switches on immediately)  01 = 15%  02 = 25%  03 = 90% This prevents excessive cycling during multple power failures 024 The batery voltage that’s expected to be present in the UPS normally Compare to the actual voltage reading 099.0 Percentage It’s much easier to use this rather than doing math on the current batery voltage and the nominal batery voltage 042.4 Percentage Only works on models with the Measure-UPS SmartSlot card i Measure-UPS: Dry contacts 00 Bitmapped hex variable Component values:  10 = contact 1  20 = contact 2  40 = contact 3  80 = contact 4 j Estmated runtme 0327: Minutes Must be calibrated to be efectve Writable variable Values:  0 = 5 second delay afer power failure  T = 30 second delay  L = alarm at low batery only  N = alarm disabled Does not afect low batery warning k Alarm delay 0 l Low transfer voltage 103 Writable variable See capabilites to get values for a UPS UPS goes on batery afer voltage drops below this 7 Character Meaning Typical results Other info point Format may vary by country (MM/DD/YY vs DD/MM/YY) m Manufacturing date 11/29/96 n Serial number WS9643050926 Uni ue for each UPS o On-batery voltage 115 p q r s May be a writable variable on 220/230/240 VAC units Shutdown grace delay 020 Writable variable - seconds See capabilites to read values Sets the delay before sof shutdown completes Low batery warning 02 Writable variable - minutes See capabilites to read values The UPS will report a low batery this many minutes before it runs out of power 000 Writable variable - seconds See capabilites to read values The UPS will wait this many seconds afer reaching the minimum charge before returning online H Writable variable See capabilites to read values Meaning of values:  H → highest  M → medium  L → lowest  A → autoadjust (Matrix only) Wakeup delay Sensitvity u Upper transfer voltage 132 Writable variable See capabilites to read values UPS goes on batery afer voltage rises above this point v Measure-UPS: Firmware 4Kx Firmware informaton for Measure-UPS board t Measure-UPS: Ambient temperature 80.5 Degrees C Only works on models with the Measure-UPS SmartSlot card x Last batery change 11/29/96 Writable variable This holds whatever the user sets in it, much like the UPS local id variable y Copyright notce © APCC Only works if frmware leter is later than O z Reset to factory setngs CLEAR Resets most variables to inital factory values except identty or batery change date Not on SmartUPS v/s or BackUPS Pro - Capability cycle (various) Cycle through possible capability values UPS sends | aferward to confrm change to PROM @nnn Shutdown and return OK UPS shuts down afer grace period with delayed 8 Character Meaning Typical results Other info wakeup afer nnn tenths of an hour plus any wakeup delay tme Some older models send * instead of OK 0x7f Abort shutdown OK Abort shutdown - use to abort @, S, K Also known as the delete key in some places ~ Register #1 n/a See register 1 table ' Register #2 n/a See register 2 table 7 Dip switch positons n/a See dip switch table Only makes sense on models which actually have dip switches 8 Register #3 n/a See register 3 table Values 9 Line uality FF   > Batery packs 00 → unacceptable FF → acceptable n/a SmartCell models: returns number of connected packs Non-SmartCell models: returns number set by user (use + and -) [ Measure-UPS: Upper temp limit NO,NO Degrees C Writable variable Values: 55, 50, 45, …, 05 for both Use - to enumerate through lef side, + to enumerate through right side ] Measure-UPS: Lower temp limit NO,NO Degrees C Writable variable See lower temp limit above NO,NO % Writable variable Values: 90, 80, 70, …, 10 for both Use - and + to change values NO,NO % Writable variable Values: 90, 80, 70, …, 10 for both Use - and + to change values { } Measure-UPS: Upper humidity limit Measure-UPS: Lower humidity limit Matrix-UPS and Symmetra commands ^ Run in bypass mode n/a < Number of bad batery 000 packs If online, "BYP" response is received as bypass mode starts If already in bypass, "INV" is received and UPS goes online If UPS can’t transfer, "ERR" received Returns count of bad packs connected to the UPS 9 Character Meaning Typical results Other info / Load current n/a True RMS load current drawn by UPS \ Apparent load power n/a Output load as percentage of full rated load n/a Writable variable Values:  A → Automatc (based on input tap)  M → 208 VAC  I → 240 VAC n/a Writable variable Values:  E → English  F → French  G → German  S → Spanish  Also 1, 2, 3, 4 → unknown Output voltage selecton ^V ^L Front panel language w Run tme conservaton n/a Writable variable Values:  NO → disabled  02 → leave 2 minutes of runtme in batery  05 → leave 5 minutes  08 → leave 8 minutes Dip switch information Bit Switc h Option when bit11 0 4 Low batery alarm changed from 2 to 5 mins. Autostartup disabled on SU370ci and 400 1 3 Audible alarm delayed 30 seconds 2 2 Output transfer set to 115 VAC (from 120 VAC) or to 240 VAC (from 230 VAC) 3 1 UPS desensitzed - input voltage range expanded 4-7 Unused at this tme Status fags Some common things you’ll see:    08 = on line, batery OK 10 = on batery, batery OK 50 = on batery, batery low Bi Meaning t 0 1 = runtme calibraton occurring Not reported by Smart UPS v/s and BackUPS Pro 1 1 = SmartTrim Not reported by 1st and 2nd generaton SmartUPS models 10 Bi Meaning t 2 1 = SmartBoost 3 1 = on line 4 1 = on batery 5 1 = overloaded output 6 1 = batery low 7 1 = replace batery Alert messages Characte Description r ! Line Fail - sent when the UPS goes on-batery, repeated every 30 seconds untl low batery conditon reached. Sometmes occurs more than once in the frst 30 seconds. $ Return from line fail - UPS back on line power, only sent if a ! has been sent. % Low batery - Sent to indicate low batery, but not on SmartUPS v/s or BackUPS Pro models + Return from low batery - Sent when the batery has been recharged to some level only if a % has been sent previously ? Abnormal conditon - sent for conditons such as "shutdown due to overload" or "shutdown due to low batery capacity". Also occurs within 10 minutes of turnon. = Return from abnormal conditon - Sent when the UPS returns from an abnormal conditon where ? was sent, but not a turn-on. Not implemented on SmartUPS v/s or BackUPS Pro models. * About to turn of - Sent when the UPS is about to switch of the load. No commands are processed afer this character is sent. Not implemented on SmartUPS v/s, BackUPS Pro, or 3rd generaton SmartUPS models. # Replace batery - Sent when the UPS detects that the batery needs to be replaced. Sent every 5 hours untl a new batery test is run or the UPS is shut of. Not implemented on SmartUPS v/s or BackUPS Pro models. & Check alarm register for fault (Measure-UPS) - sent to signal that temp or humidity out of set limits. Also sent when one of the contact closures changes states. Sent every 2 minutes, stops when the alarm conditons are reset. Only sent for alarms enabled with I. Cause of alarm may be determined with J. Not on SmartUPS v/s or BackUPS Pro. | Variable change in EEPROM - Sent whenever any EEPROM variable is changed. Only supported on Matrix UPS and 3rd generaton SmartUPS models. Register 1 All bits are valid on the Matrix UPS. SmartUPS models only support bits 6 and 7. Other models do not respond. Bit Meaning 0 In wakeup mode (typically lasts < 2s) 11 Bit Meaning 1 In bypass mode due to internal fault - see register 2 or 3 2 Going to bypass mode due to command 3 In bypass mode due to command 4 Returning from bypass mode 5 In bypass mode due to manual bypass control 6 Ready to power load on user command 7 Ready to power load on user command or return of line power Register 2 Matrix UPS models report bits 0 - 5. SmartUPS models only support bits 4 and 6. SmartUPS v/s and BackUPS Pro report bits 4, 6, 7. Unused bits are set to 0. Other models do not respond. Bit Meaning 0 Fan failure in electronics, UPS in bypass 1 Fan failure in isolaton unit 2 Bypass supply failure 3 Output voltage select failure, UPS in bypass 4 DC imbalance, UPS in bypass 5 Command sent to stop bypass with no batery connected - UPS stll in bypass 6 Relay fault in SmartTrim or SmartBoost 7 Bad output voltage Register 3 All bits are valid on the Matrix UPS and 3rd generaton SmartUPS models. SmartUPS v/s and BackUPS Pro models report bits 0 - 5. All others report 0 - 4. State change of bits 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 are reported asynchronously with ? and 1 messages. Bit Meaning 0 Output unpowered due to shutdown by low batery 1 Unable to transfer to batery due to overload 2 Main relay malfuncton - UPS turned of 3 In sleep mode from @ (maybe others) 4 In shutdown mode from S 5 Batery charger failure 6 Bypass relay malfuncton 7 Normal operatng temperature exceeded Capabilities Upon sending a ^Z, your UPS will probably spit back something like this (truncated here for the example): 12 #uD43132135138129uM43229234239224uA43110112114108 .... It looks bizarre and ugly, but is easily parsed. The # is some kind of marker/ident character. Skip it. The rest fts this form:  Command character - use this to select the value  Locale - use b to fnd out what yours is, 4 applies to all  Number of choices - 4 means there are 4 possibilites coming up  Choice length - 3 means they are all 3 chars long Then it’s followed by the choices, and it starts over. Matrix-UPS models have ## between each grouping for some reason. Acknowledgements Large parts of this data were contributed or corrected by Steven Freed. This guy is some sort of APC UPS god. Many thanks. 13