75ѬӠ1*ĈҤI HӐ&+Ô1*9ѬѪ1*
KHOA KINH Tӂ & QUҦN TRӎ KINH DOANH
BÔ, THӎ HIӄN
Kӂ 72È1THANH TOÈ1 TҤI CÐNG TY TNHH
THѬѪ1* MҤI XÆY DӴNG LOAN THҲNG, PHÒ THӐ
KHÏ$ LUҰN TӔT NGHIӊP ĈҤI HӐC
NgjQK: KӃ toiQ
Ph~ Thӑ, 2020
3K~7KӑQăP
i
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤI HӐ&+Ô1*9ѬѪ1*
KHOA KINH Tӂ & QUҦN TRӎ KINH DOANH
BÔ, THӎ HIӄN
Kӂ 72È1THANH TOÈ1 TҤI CÐNG TY TNHH
THѬѪ1* MҤI XÆY DӴNG LOAN THҲNG, PHÒ THӐ
.+Ï$/8ҰN TӔT NGHIӊ3ĈҤI HӐC
1JjQKKӃ WRiQ
NGѬӠ,+ѬӞNG DҮN : Th.S PHÔ1* THӎ KHANG NINH
3K~7Kӑ, 2020
i
LӠI CAM KӂT
7{LÿmÿӑFYjKLӇu vӅ FiFKjQKYLYLSKҥPÿҥRÿӭc trong hӑc thuұW7{L
cam kӃt rҵQJQJKLrQFӭXQj\GRW{LWKӵc hiӋQÿҧm bҧo trung thӵFYjNK{QJYL
phҥP\rXFҫu vӅ ÿҥRÿӭc trong hӑc thuұt.
3K~7K͕QJj\WKiQJQăP
6LQKYLrQWKӵc hiӋn
ii
/Ӡ,&Ҧ0Ѫ1
ĈӇ cy ÿiӅX kiӋQ thӵF hiӋQ khyD luұQ tӕW nghiӋS mӝW ciFK thuұQ lӧL nhҩW,
FNJQJQKѭKRjQWKjQKFKѭѫQJWUuQKÿjRWҥRQăPÿҥLKӑFWҥLWUѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF
+QJ9ѭѫQJFӫDHPQJj\K{PQD\NK{QJWKӇWKLӃXÿѭӧFVӵFKӍEҧRKѭӟQJ
GүQ WұQ WuQK Vӵ JL~S ÿӥ EҧR EDQ FQJ YӟL QKӳQJ NLQK QJKLӋP TXê EiX FӫD
FiFWKҫ\F{.
4XD ÿky, em xin gӱL lӡL cҧP ѫn tӟL Ban lmQK ÿҥR nhj WUѭӡQJ, lmQK ÿҥR
khoa Kinh tӃ vj QuҧQ trӏ kinh doanh cQJ ciF thҫ\ c{ giiR trong khoa, ÿһc biӋW
lj ciF thҫ\ c{ trong bӝ m{n kӃ toiQ, nhӳQJ ngѭӡL ÿm theo siW gi~p ÿӥ, gӧL mӣ
nhӳQJ hѭӟQJ ÿi thtFK hӧS nhҩW cho em vj gi~S em hojQ thiӋQ bjL khyD luұQ nj\.
ĈһF biӋW em xin gӱL lӡL cҧP ѫn sku sҳF nhҩW ÿӃQ c{ giiR PhQJ Thӏ Khang NinhngѭӡL ÿm tұQ tuQK chӍ bҧR vj hѭӟQJ dүQ em trong suӕW qui truQK thӵc hiӋQ bjL
khyD luұQ cӫD muQK.
Em xin gӱL lӡL cҧP ѫn ÿӃQ tojQ thӇ ciQ bӝ-nhkn virn c{ng ty TNHH
thѭѫQg mҥi xky dӵQJ Loan ThҳQJ, ÿһc biӋW lj ciF anh chӏ phzQg kӃ toiQ, mһc d
sӕ lѭӧQJ c{ng viӋF ngj\ mӝW tăQg lrn nhѭng vүQ djQh thӡL gian ÿӇ nhirt tuQK
hѭӟQJ dүQ, chӍ bҧR em kh{ng chӍ vӅ chuyrn m{n mj cҧ vӅ nhӳQJ kӻ năQg trong
c{ng viӋc vj cuӝF sӕQJ.
Trong qui truQK nghirn cӭX, brn cҥQK sӵ gi~p ÿӥ cӫD quê doanh nghiӋS,
quê thҫ\ c{ thu sӵ quan tkm ÿӝQJ virn tҥR ÿiӅX kiӋQ thuұQ lӧL cҧ vӅ vұW chҩW lүn
tinh thҫQ cӫD gia ÿuQK vj bҥQ bq lj ÿiӅX kh{ng thӇ thiӃX. Qua ÿky, em xin ÿѭӧF
gӱL lӡL cҧm ѫn chkn thjQK nhҩW tӟL nhӳQJ tҩP lzQg cQJ nhӳQJ sӵ gi~p ÿӥ sku
sҳF ÿy.
(P[LQFKkQWKjQKF̫P˯Q
iii
MӨC LӨC
PHҪN A: MӢ ĈҪU ........................................................................................................1
Ĉһt vҩQÿӅ QJKLrQFӭu .................................................................................................1
2. MөFWLrXQJKLrQFӭu cӫDÿӅ WjL ....................................................................................4
ĈӕLWѭӧQJYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭu ...............................................................................5
3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭu ............................................................................................. 5
5. KӃt cҩu cӫDÿӅ WjL........................................................................................................6
B. NӜI DUNG .................................................................................................................8
&KѭѫQJ . &Ѫ 6Ӣ /é /8ҰN
Vӄ Kӂ 72È1 7+$1+ 72È1 TҤI DOANH
NGHIӊP...........................................................................................................................8
1.1. Mӝt sӕ vҩQÿӅ chung vӅ kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWURQJGRDQKQJKLӋp ............................. 8
.KiLQLӋm ..............................................................................................................8
9DLWUzFӫa kӃ toiQWKDQKWRiQWURQJGRDQKQJKLӋp ...............................................8
ĈһFÿLӇm cӫa hoҥWÿӝQJWKDQKWRiQ ......................................................................9
3KkQORҥi hoҥWÿӝQJWKDQKWRiQWURQJGRDQKQJKLӋp ...........................................10
1.2. Mӝt sӕ vҩQÿӅ vӅ kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWҥi doanh nghiӋp. .........................................13
.KiLQLӋm kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ ..............................................................................13
9DLWUzQKLӋm vө cӫa kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ ............................................................ 13
@ ...................................................19
6ѫÿӗ 6ѫÿӗ hҥFKWRiQ7.SKҧi thu cӫDNKiFKKjQJ>@ .......................... 23
6ѫÿӗ .KiLTXiWTX\WUuQKVҧn xuҩt kinh doanh tҥi ................................................38
Sѫÿӗ 6ѫÿӗ tә chӭFF{QJW\ ...................................................................................39
6ѫ ÿӗ 1.6: Tә chӭc bӝ Pi\ NӃ WRiQ tҥL &{QJ W\ 71++ WKѭѫQJ PҥL [k\ Gӵng Loan
Thҳng ............................................................................................................................. 50
vii
DANH MӨC GIAO DIӊN
Giao diӋn 2.1: Phҫn mӅm kӃ WRiQ$FPDQ .....................................................................52
Giao diӋn 2.2: Danh mөFNKiFKKjQJ ...........................................................................54
Giao diӋn 2.3: Nhұp liӋu chӑQÿӕLWѭӧQJQJkQKjQJ .....................................................58
Giao diӋn 2.4: Nhұp liӋu chӑQÿӕLWѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJ ...................................................58
Giao diӋn 2.5: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK ...................................................59
Giao diӋn 2.6: Nhұp liӋu chӑQÿӕLWѭӧQJQJkQKjQJ .....................................................61
Giao diӋn 2.7: Nhұp liӋu chӑQÿӕi WѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJ ...................................................63
Giao diӋn 2.8: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK ...................................................64
Giao diӋn 2.9: Nhұp liӋu chӑQÿӕLWѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJ ...................................................65
Giao diӋn 2.10: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK .................................................66
Giao diӋn 2.11: Danh mөFQKjFXQJFҩp .......................................................................67
Giao diӋn 2.13: Nhұp liӋXYjRSKҫn mӅm .....................................................................70
Giao diӋn 2.14: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK .................................................70
Giao diӋn 2.15: Nhұp liӋXYjRSKҫn mӅm .....................................................................72
Giao diӋn 2.16: Nhұp liӋXYjRSKҫn mӅm .....................................................................72
Giao diӋn 2.17: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK .................................................73
Giao diӋn 2.18: Nhұp liӋu .............................................................................................. 74
Giao diӋn 2.19: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK .................................................75
Giao diӋn 2.20: Nhұp liӋu .............................................................................................. 76
Giao diӋn 2.21: Sau khi nhұp liӋu nghiӋp vө SKiWVLQK .................................................77
Giao diӋn 2.22: Bҧng tәng hӧSWKHRG}LF{QJQӧ QKjFXQJFҩp....................................82
viii
'$1+0Ө&7Ӯ9,ӂ77Ҳ7
7ӯYLӃWWҳW
éQJKƭDÿҫ\ÿӫ
GTGT
*LiWUӏJLDWăQJ
HHDV
+jQJKyDGӏFKYө
KLCT
.KӕLOѭӧQJF{QJWUuQK
/Ĉ
/DRÿӝQJ
TNHH
7UiFKQKLӋPKӳXKҥQ
TM
7KѭѫQJPҥL
XDCB
;k\GӵQJFѫEҧQ
91Ĉ
9LӋW1DPÿӗQJ
TK
7jLNKRҧQ
76&Ĉ
7jLVҧQFӕÿӏQK
TGNH
7LӅQJӱLQJkQKjQJ
UBND
Uӹ EDQQKkQGkQ
PCCC
3KzQJFKi\FKӳDFKi\
PT
3KiWWULӇn
1
3+Ҫ1$0ӢĈҪ8
ĈһWYҩQÿӅQJKLrQFӭX
7tQKF̭SWKL͇WFͯDÿ͉WjL
Trong nӅn kinh tӃ hӝi nhұp hiӋQQD\F{QJWiFNӃ WRiQÿyQJYDLWUzQJj\
FjQJTXDQWUӑng tҥLFiFGRDQKQJKLӋp bӣLQyOjPӝWF{QJFө ÿҳc lӵc phөc vө cho
F{QJWiFTXҧQOêWjLFKtQKFӫDQKjTXҧn trӏ. NhiӋm vө cӫa kӃ WRiQOjWKXWKұp, xӱ
OêWK{QJWLQVӕ liӋu kӃ WRiQWKDPPѭXÿӅ xuҩWFiFJLҧLSKiSSKөc vө \rXFҫu
quҧn trӏ YjTX\ӃWÿӏnh kinh tӃWjLFKtQKFӫDÿѫQYӏ kӃ WRiQ9uYұ\ÿzLKӓi kӃ
WRiQWҥi doanh nghiӋp cҫQFyQKӳng kiӃn thӭFFKX\rQP{QVkXUӝng, nhҥ\EpQ
ÿӇ FyWKӇ ÿiSӭQJÿѭӧF\rXFҫu cӫDF{QJYLӋc.
Trong thӡi kǤ kinh tӃ SKiWWULӇQQKѭKLӋQQD\FiFKRҥWÿӝQJPXDEiQWUDR
ÿәLKjQJKyDGӏch vө diӉQUDGѭӟLFiFKuQKWKӭFSKRQJSK~ÿDGҥng. Mӕi quan
hӋ thanh toin giӳa doanh nghiӋp vӟLQJѭӡLPXDQJѭӡi bin, vӟLQJkQVich phҧn
inh qui trunh hoҥt ÿӝng sҧn xuҩWNLQKGRDQKWKѭӡQJ[X\rQSKit sinh cic nghiӋp
vө thanh toin&ѫFKӃ thӏ WUѭӡQJÿzi hӓi cic doanh nghiӋp phҧi cy chiӃQOѭӧc
ÿ~nJÿҳn, kinh doanh cy lmLÿӇ cy thӇ tӗn tҥi vj phit triӇn trong nӅn kinh tӃ thӏ
trѭӡng cҥnh tranh gay gҳt hiӋn nay. Vu vұ\QJѭӡi quҧn lê NK{QJFKӍ TXDQWkP
ÿӃn doanh thu, chi pht, lӧi nhuұn, mj czn tKѭӡQJ[X\rQQҳm bҳt tunh hunh thanh
toin, tji chtnh cӫa doanh nghiӋp, phҧn inh viӋc ljPăQFy hiӋu quҧ ha\NK{QJ
cӫa doanh nghiӋp. Mӝt trong nhӳnJÿLӅu quyӃWÿӏQKÿӃn sӵ tӗn tҥi vj phit triӇn
cӫa doanh nghiӋp ÿy lj phҧi tә chӭc tӕt cic nghiӋp vө kӃ toin vӅ thanh toin,
SKkQWtch tunh hunh vj khҧ QăQJWKDQK toin cӫa doanh nghiӋp ÿӇ tӯ ÿy nҳm vӳng
vj ljm chӫ tunh hunh tji chtnh cӫa muQKWK{QJTXDÿy cy nhӳng biӋn phip ttch
cӵc xӱ lê tunh hunKF{QJQӧ cӫa doanh nghiӋp.
'R ÿyYLӋF [iFÿӏnh thӡi hҥQ WKDQKWRiQ Yj TXi WUuQK WKX Qӧ FiF NKRҧn
phҧi tKXOjKӃt sӭc quan trӑQJÿӕi vӟi doanh nghiӋS7Uѭӟc nhӳQJWKD\ÿәLFy
thӇ QyLOjOLrQWөFSKiWWULӇQYjPӣ rӝng cӫa quan hӋ WKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡi mua,
QJѭӡLEiQYjҧQKKѭӣng cӫDQyWӟLWuQKKuQKWjLFKtQKFӫa mӛi doanh nghiӋp dүn
2
ÿӃQ\rXFҫu nghiӋp vө ÿӕi vӟi kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQFNJQJYuWKӃ PjFDRKѫQNӃ
WRiQ NK{QJ FKӍ Fy QKLӋm vө JKL FKpS Pj FzQ SKҧi chӏX WUiFK QKLӋm thu hӗi
QKDQKFiFNKRҧn nӧWuPQJXӗQKX\ÿӝng vӕQÿӇ trҧ nӧ, biӃWOѭӡQJWUѭӟFYjKҥn
chӃ ÿѭӧc rӫLURWURQJWKDQKWRiQ
&{QJW\71++;'70/RDn ThҳQJOjPӝt doanh nghiӋp hoҥWÿӝng trong
OƭQKYӵF[k\GӵQJWKѭѫQJPҥL'RÿyKRҥWÿӝQJWKDQKWRiQFyêQJKƭDY{FQJ
quan trӑng trong hoҥWÿӝng cӫa doanh nghiӋSQyJySSKҫQGX\WUuVӵ tӗn tҥLYj
SKiW WULӇn cӫa doanh nghiӋp. 7X\ QKLrQ WURQJ TXi WUuQK Yұn dөng nhӳng quy
ÿӏnh, chӃ ÿӝ kӃ WRiQF{QJW\NK{QJWKӇ WUiQKNKӓi nhӳng hҥn chӃ YjWKLӃXVyW
Nhұn thӭFÿѭӧc tҫm quan trӑng cӫDF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYj[XҩWSKiWWӯ
thӵc tӃ NKiFKTXDQFNJQJQKѭQKӳng kiӃn thӭFFKX\rQP{QPjWKҫ\F{ÿmWUDQJ
bӏ ӣ tUѭӡng HPÿmFKӑQÿӅ WjL³.͇ WRiQWKDQKWRiQW̩L&{QJW\71++TM XD
Loan Th̷ng3K~7K͕´ OjPEiRFiR NKyDOXұn tӕt nghiӋp cӫDPuQK
/͓FKV͵Y̭Qÿ͉QJKLrQFͱX
7KDQKWRiQFyYDLWUzTXDQWUӑQJWURQJTXiWUuQKTXҧn trӏ doanh nghiӋp.
ViӋF KRjQ WKLӋQ F{QJ WiF NӃ WRiQ WKDQK WRiQ Jҳn vӟi viӋF WăQJ Fѭӡng quҧQ Oê
F{QJ Qӧ Oj YLӋF OjP WKӵc sӵ cҫn thiӃW Fy ê QJKƭD 7ҥL WUѭӡQJ Ĉҥi hӑF +QJ
9ѭѫQJFyUҩt nhiӅXÿӅ WjLQJKLrQFӭu cҩSWUѭӡng cӫDFiFJLҧQJYLrQVLQKYLrQ
Khoa kinh tӃ Yj4Xҧn trӏ NLQKGRDQKYjNKyDOXұn tӕt nghiӋp cӫDFiFVLQKYLrQ
FiFNKyDÿӅ cұSÿӃn vҩQÿӅ Qj\
NguyӉQ 0DL 3KѭѫQJ (2017), ³K͇ WRiQ WKDQK WRiQ W̩L F{QJ W\ G̯X NKt
.KiQK3KRQJ´ Ĉҥi hӑF+QJ9ѭѫQJ7iFJLҧ ÿiQKJLiWKӵc trҥng, WuPUDѭX
ÿLӇPQKѭiSGөQJÿ~QJFiFTX\ÿӏnh cӫDQKjQѭӟFFic chӭng tӯ sә ViFKÿѭӧc
lұp kӏp thӡLÿҫ\ÿӫ7X\QKLrQFzQWӗn tҥi mӝt sӕ hҥn chӃ QKѭ kӃ WRiQFKѭD
tiӃQKjQKPӣ sә chi tiӃt ÿӕi vӟLWjLNKRҧn phҧi thuFKѭDWuPKLӇu kӻ vӅ khҧ QăQJ
WKDQKWRiQFӫDNKiFKKjng7iFJLҧ ÿmWuPUDQJX\rQQKkQYjÿѭDUDJLҧi SKiS
QKѭWKHRG}Lÿҫ\ÿӫ sӕ chӭng tӯ OLrQTXDQOұp dӵ SKzQJSKҧLWKXNKyÿzLWKHR
G}LWuQKKuQKF{QJQӧ«ÿӇ KRjQWKLӋQKѫQYӅ F{QJWiFNӃ WRiQFӫDF{QJW\
3
NguyӉn Thӏ Ngӑc HiӃX³+RjQWKLӋn tә chӭc kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYӟi
QJѭӡLPXDQJѭӡLEiQWҥi F{QJW\71++WKѭѫQJPҥLYjGӏch vө 7UѭӡQJ3KL´
Ĉҥi HӑFGkQOұp HҧL3KzQJĈӅ WjLÿmQrXU}ÿѭӧc thӵc trҥng kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ
tҥLF{QJW\QKѭEӝ Pi\NӃ WRiQÿѭӧc thiӃt lұSYjSKkQFKLDQKLӋm vө U}UjQJÿҥt
hiӋu quҧ F{QJYLӋc cao, kӃt hӧp chһt chӁ vӟLFiFSKzQJEDQEӝ phұQÿҧm bҧo
WtQKWKӕng nhҩt, kӃ WRiQWKӵc hiӋQÿѭӧc chӭFQăQJWKDPPѭXFKRQKjTXҧn trӏ,
ÿӅ WjLÿmQrXU}ÿѭӧc hҥn chӃ YjÿѭDUDJLҧLSKiSSKKӧp cho doanh nghiӋSOj
F{QJW\WKѭѫQJPҥLQrQOѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJOӟn, danh mөFFiFNKRҧn phҧLWKXÿӕi
vӟLNKiFKKjQJFKѭDÿѭӧc quҧQOêFKһt chӁFKѭDWUtFKOұSÿѭӧFFiFNKRҧn dӵ
SKzQJSKҧLWKXNKyÿzL«ÿӗng thӡLWiFJLҧ ÿѭDUDPӝt sӕ SKѭѫQJSKiSQKѭOұp
dӵ SKzQJSKҧLWKXNKyÿzLWKHRG}LFKһt chӁ ViWVDRÿӕi vӟi danh mөFFiFNKiFK
KjQJFӫDF{QJW\«
NguyӉn Thӏ ;XkQ ³k͇ WRiQWKDQKWRiQW̩LF{QJW\F͝ ph̯n W˱Y̭n
[k\Gng 789´Ĉҥi hӑF+QJ9ѭѫQJĈmQrXOrQÿѭӧFÿһFÿLӇm, nӝLGXQJYj
SKѭѫQJWKӭFWKDQKWRiQWҥLF{QJW\ FiFFKӭng tӯ, sә ViFKEiRFiRÿѭӧc lұSÿҫy
ÿӫ 6RQJFzQWӗn tҥi mӝt sӕ hҥn chӃ QKѭ&KӭFQăQJFӫDQKkQYLrQNӃWRiQFzQ
KҥQFKӃӣFKӭFQăQJWKDPPѭXWѭYҩQFKROmQKÿҥR, viӋFOXkQFKX\Ӈn chӭng tӯ
tӯ F{QJWUѭӡng vӅ QѫLKҥFKWRiQFzQFKұm,F{QJW\FKѭDFyVӵ kӃt hӧp giӳa kӃ
WRiQ WjL FKtQK Yj NӃ WRiQ TXҧn trӏ WURQJ FQJ Eӝ phұn kӃ WRiQ FӫD F{QJ W\«
Ĉӗng thӡLWiFJLҧ FNJQJÿѭDUDQKӳng giҧLSKiSQKѭ3KѭѫQJKѭӟQJKRjQWKLӋQF{QJ
WiFNӃWRiQWKDQKWRiQOjVӱDFKӳDQKӳQJVDLVyWQKӳQJ\ӃXWӕFzQFKѭDNKRDKӑF
FKѭDKӧSOêÿӇÿLÿӃQQKӳQJFiLFKXQJFKtQK[iFYjÿѭӧFQKLӅXQJѭӡLFKҩSQKұQ
Phҥm Thӏ Thu YӃn (2019) ³.Ӄ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ FKRNKiFKKjQJYj nKj
cung cҩp tҥLF{QJW\ cә phҫQĈӭc Tuҩn´Ĉҥi hӑF+QJ9ѭѫQJ7URQJF{QJ
WUuQKQJKLrQFӭXWiFJLҧ ÿmQrXOrQÿѭӧc thӵc trҥQJF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ
tҥLF{QJW\ tӯ ÿyWuPUDÿѭӧc nhӳQJѭXÿLӇm cҫQSKiWKX\QKѭiSGөQJÿѭӧc
khoa hӑc kӻ thuұWF{QJQJKӋ WK{QJWLQYjRF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQÿӝLQJNJNӃ WRiQFy
WUuQKÿӝ FKX\rQP{QQJKLӋp vө FDRFiFSKҫQÿѭӧc thӵc hiӋn kӏp thӡLFKtQK[iF
Yjÿҫ\ÿӫWX\QKLrQFNJQJWӗn tҥi mӝt sӕ hҥn chӃ cҫn khҳc phөFQKѭF{QJWiFNӃ
4
WRiQWKXKӗi nӧ FzQFKұm trӉFKѭDWUtFKOұSFiFNKRҧn dӵ SKzQJSKҧLWKXNKy
ÿzLWKӫ NKRNLrPWKӫ quӻ vi phҥPQJX\rQWҳc bҩWNLrPQKLӋm trong kӃ WRiQ«
tӯ ÿyWiFJLҧ ÿӅ xuҩt mӝt sӕ giҧLSKiSQKѭQkQJFDRKѫQQӳDWUuQKÿӝ ÿӝLQJNJ
FiQEӝ kӃ WRiQWUtFKOұSFiFNKRҧn dӵ SKzQJSKҧLWKXNKyÿzL«JySSKҫn nhҵm
QkQJFDRFKҩWOѭӧQJYjKLӋu quҧ F{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWҥLF{QJW\
7URQJFiFÿӅ WjLQJKLrQFӭXWUrQFiFWiFJLҧ ÿmWUuQKEj\ÿѭӧFFѫVӣ OêOXұn,
thӵc trҥng kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWURQJWiFÿѫQYӏ cө thӇ OjF{QJW\GҫXNKt.KiQK
Phong, F{QJ W\ Fә phҫn Wѭ YҩQ [k\ Gӵng 789, F{QJ W\ 71++ WKѭѫQJ PҥL Yj
dӏch vө 7Uѭӡng PhiF{QJW\Fә phҫQĈӭc Tuҩn...Tӯ ÿyÿiQKJLiQKӳQJѭXÿLӇm,
QKѭӧF ÿLӇP Yj ÿӅ xuҩW FiF JLҧL SKiS NKҳc phөc. 7X\ QKLrQ QJKLrQ Fӭu cӫa
nhӳQJÿӅ WjLÿyFKѭDÿѭDJLҧLSKiSFө thӇ vӅ kiӇPVRiWQӝi bӝ vӅ nӧ phҧi thu
phҧi trҧ mһt khiF FKѭD Fy ÿӅ WjL QjR QJKLrQ Fӭu vӅ vҩQ ÿӅ Qj\ WҥL F{QJ W\
71++WKѭѫQJPҥL[k\Gӵng Loan Thҳng. XuҩWSKiWWӯ thӵc tiӉQNKiFKTXDQYj
nhұn thӭFÿѭӧc tҫm quan trӑng cӫa kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQHPÿmFKӑQQJKLrQFӭu
ÿӅ WjL³.͇ WRiQWKDQKWRiQW̩LF{QJW\ TNHH TM XD Loan Th̷ng´ vӟi nhӳng
nӝi dung: KӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYӟLNKiFKKjQJNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYӟLQKjFXQJ
cҩp, YjSKkQWtFKWuQKKuQKF{QJQӧ YjNKҧ QăQJWKDQKWRiQWҥi F{QJW\71++
TM XD Loan ThҳQJOjNK{QJWUQJOһp vӟLFiFÿӅ WjLQJKLrQFӭXWUѭӟFÿk\
0өFWLrXQJKLrQFӭXFӫDÿӅWjL
0ͭFWLrXFKXQJ
Vұn dөQJ Fѫ Vӣ OêOXұn vӅ kӃ WRiQ WKDQK WRiQÿӇ phҧn inh vj ÿinh gii
thӵc trҥng kӃ toin thanh toin tҥi F{QJW\TNHH TM XD Loan Thҳng, tӯ ÿy ÿӅ
xuҩt mӝt sӕ giҧi phip nhҵm hojn thiӋQF{QJWic kӃ toin thanh toin tҥLF{QJW\
trong thӡi gian tӟi.
0ͭFWLrXFͭWK͋
- HӋ thӕQJKyDFѫVӣ OêOXұn vӅ kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWҥi doanh nghiӋp.
- PhҧQiQK YjÿiQKJLiWKӵc trҥQJF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRin tҥLF{QJW\
TNHH TM XD Loan Thҳng
5
- ĈӅ xuҩt mӝt sӕ giҧLSKiSQKҵPKRjQWKLӋQF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRin
tҥLF{QJW\71++TM XD Loan Thҳng
ĈӕLWѭӧQJYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX
Ĉ͙LW˱ͫQJQJKLrQFͱX
- ĈӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭu: KӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWҥL&{QJW\TNHH TM XD
Loan Thҳng.
3K̩PYLQJKLrQFͱX
VӅ nӝLGXQJ1JKLrQFӭu thӵc trҥQJF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ:
+ KӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYӟLQKjFXQJFҩp
+ KӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYӟLNKiFKKjQJ
3KkQWtFKWuQKKuQKF{QJQӧ YjNKҧ QăQJWKDQKWRiQWҥLF{QJW\
- VӅ thӡi gian: Sӕ liӋX QJKLrQ FӭX ÿѭӧc thu thұS WURQJ QăP Wӯ QăP
2017-2019 sӕ liӋu tұSWUXQJYjRQăP
- VӅ NK{QJJLDQ&{QJW\TNHH TM XD Loan Thҳng.
Ĉӏa chӍ: Tә 5, khu BҧRĈjSKѭӥng DӳX/kX WKjQKSKӕ ViӋW7UuWӍQK3K~7Kӑ
3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭX
4.1. 3K˱˯QJSKiSQJKLrQFͱXOêOX̵n
HӋ thӕQJKyDYӅ kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWURQJGRDQKQJKLӋSÿӇ vұn dөQJQyL
chung kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQYjRF{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQÿӇ SKkQWtFKQJKLrQ
cӭu mӕi quan hӋ F{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWҥLF{QJW\
4.2. 3K˱˯QJSKiSWK͙QJNrNLQKW͇
- 3KѭѫQJSKiSWKӕQJNrWKXWKұp sӕ liӋu tӯ EiRFiRFӫDSKzQJNӃ WRiQ
- 3KѭѫQJSKiS[ӱ OêVӕ liӋu:
+ Sӕ liӋXWURQJFiFEҧng biӇXÿѭӧc xӱ OêEҵQJFiFEҧQJWtQK excel.
&iFWK{QJWLQÿӏQKOѭӧQJÿѭӧc xӱ OêWKHRSKѭѫQJSKiSWRiQKӑc.
&iFWK{QJWLQÿӏQKWtQKÿѭӧc xӱ OêWKHRSKѭѫQJSKiSVRViQKSKkQWtFK.
6
4.3. 3K˱˯QJSKiSFKX\rQJLD
Ĉk\OjSKѭѫQJSKiSWKDPNKҧRêNLӃn cӫDFiFFKX\rQJLDQKӳQJQJѭӡi
FyNLQKQJhiӋm vӅ OƭQKYӵFQJKLrQFӭXQKѭ*LiPÿӕFFiFNӃ WRiQFӫD&{QJW\
YjWKDPNKҧRFiFWjLOLӋXFyOLrQTXDQ
4.4. 3K˱˯QJSKiSN͇WRiQ
a. 3K˱˯QJSKiSFKͱQJWͳN͇WRiQ
3KѭѫQJSKiSFKӭQJWӯNӃWRiQOjSKѭѫQJSKiSNӃWRiQÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇ
SKҧQiQKFiFKRҥWÿӝQJQJKLӋSYөNLQKWӃWjLFKtQKSKiWVLQKYjWKӵFVӵKRjQ
WKjQKWKHRWKӡLJLDQÿӏDÿLӇPSKiWVLQKKRҥWÿӝQJÿyYjREҧQFKӭQJWӯNӃWRiQ
SKөFYөFKRF{QJWiFNӃWRiQF{QJWiFTXҧQOê &KӭQJWӯVӱGөQJWURQJNӃWRiQ
WKDQKWRiQEDRJӗPKyDÿѫQKӧSÿӗQJNLQK WӃSKLӃXWKX«
b3K˱˯QJSKiSWjLNKR̫QN͇WRiQ
3KѭѫQJSKiSWjLNKRҧQNӃWRiQOjSKѭѫQJSKiSNӃWRiQÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇ
SKkQORҥLÿӕLWѭӧQJNӃWRiQWӯÿӕLWѭӧQJFKXQJFӫDNӃWRiQWKjQKÿӕLWѭӧQJFө
WKӇJKLFKpSSKҧQiQKNLӇPWUDPӝWFiFKWKѭӡQJ[X\rQOLrQWөFFyKӋWKӕQJ
WuQKKuQKKLӋQFyYjVӵYұQÿӝQJFӫDWӯQJÿӕLWѭӧQJNӃWRiQFөWKӇQKҵPFXQJ
FҩSWK{QJWLQFyVӵYұQÿӝQJFӫDWӯQJÿӕLWѭӧQJNӃWRiQFөWKӇQKҵPFXQJFҩS
WK{QJWLQFyKӋWKӕQJYӅFiFKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKWӃWjLFKtQKӣFiFÿѫQYӏSKөFYө
cKROmQKÿҥRTXҧQOêNLQKWӃWjLFKtQKӣÿѫQYӏYjÿӇOұSEiRFiRNӃWRiQÿӏQK
kǤ7jLNKRҧQVӱGөQJWURQJNӃWRiQWKDQKWRiQJӗP«
c. 3K˱˯QJSKiSW͝QJKͫSFkQÿ͙LN͇WRiQ
3KѭѫQJSKiSWәng hӧp - FkQÿӕi kӃ WRiQOjSKѭѫQJSKiSNӃ WRiQÿѭӧc sӱ
dөQJ ÿӇ tәng hӧp tӯ FiF Vә kӃ WRiQWKHR Pӕi quan hӋ FkQÿӕi vӕQ Fy FӫDÿӕi
Wѭӧng kӃ WRiQQKҵm cung cҩSFiFFKӍ WLrXNLQKWӃ WjLFKtQKFKRFiFÿӕLWѭӧng sӱ
dөQJWK{QJWLQNӃ WRiQSKөc vө F{QJWiFTXҧQOê Sӱ dөng bҧQJFkQÿӕi kӃ WRiQ
EiRFiRNӃt quҧ hoҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQK«
.ӃWFҩXFӫDÿӅWjL
1JRjL SKҫn mӣ ÿҫX Yj NӃt luұn nӝL GXQJ ÿӅ WjL ÿѭӧc kӃt cҩX WKjQK
FKѭѫQJ
7
&KѭѫQJ CѫVӣ OêOXұn vӅ kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWҥi doanh nghiӋp
&KѭѫQJ Thӵc trҥng vӅ kӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQWҥLF{QJW\71++70;'
Loan Thҳng
&KѭѫQJMӝt sӕ giҧLSKiSQKҵPKRjQWKLӋn F{QJWiFNӃ WRiQWKDQKWRiQ
tҥLF{QJW\71++70;'/RDQ7Kҳng.
8
%1Ӝ,'81*
&KѭѫQJ
&Ѫ6Ӣ/é/8Ұ19ӄ.ӂ72È17+$1+72È1
7Ҥ,'2$1+1*+,ӊ3
1.1. 0ӝWVӕYҩQÿӅFKXQJYӅNӃWRiQWKDQKWRiQWURQJGRDQKQJKLӋS
1.1.1. .KiLQL͏m
7KDQKWRiQOjWKXұWQJӳQJҳQJӑQP{WҧYLӋFFKX\ӇQJLDRWjLVҧQWӯ PӝW
ErQQJѭӡLKRһFWәFKӭFF{QJW\VDQJPӝWErQNKiFWKѭӡQJÿѭӧFVӱGөQJNKL
WUDRÿәLVҧQSKҭPKRһFGӏFKYөWURQJPӝWJLDRGӏFKFyUjQJ EXӝFYӅSKiSOê [5,54]
TURQJ FiF GRDQK QJKLӋS QJKLӋS Yө WKDQK WRiQ Oj quan hӋ giӳa doanh
nghiӋp vӟLFiFÿӕLWiFQKѭQKjFXQJFҩSNKiFKKjQJQKjQѭӟFQKkQYLrQFiFWә
chӭFSKiWVLQKFiFNKRҧn phҧLWKXYjFiFNKRҧn phҧi trҧ WURQJTXiWUuQKKRҥWÿӝng
sҧn xuҩt kinh doanh. Quan hӋ WKDQKWRiQFKӍ thӵc sӵ tӗn tҥLNKLFyVӵ cam kӃt,
thӓa thuұn giӳa chӫ nӧ YjQJѭӡLÿLYD\YӅ mӝt khoҧn vay nӧ WKHRÿ~QJTX\ÿӏnh
cӫDSKiSOXұWÿѭӧFWK{QJTXDFiFKyDÿѫQFKӭng tӯ, sә ViFKKӧSSKiSKӧp lӋ.
1.1.2. 9DLWUzFͯa k͇ toiQWKDQKWRiQWURQJGoanh nghi͏p
Ĉӕi vӟLFiFGRDQKQJKLӋp nhҩWOjGRDQKQJKLӋp cҫn nhiӅu vӕQQKѭGRDQK
nghiӋS[k\GӵQJWKuPӕi quan hӋ WKDQKWRiQJLӳDQJѭӡi mua vӟLQJѭӡLEiQJLӳ
mӝt vӏ WUtY{FQJTXDQWUӑng. 7K{QJWLQYӅTXDQKӋWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡLPXD
QJѭӡLEiQFyêQJKƭDWURQJYLӋFTXҧQOêF{QJWiFWjLFKtQKFNJQJQKѭWURQJYLӋF
OXkQFKX\ӇQYӕQNLQKGRDQKFӫDF{QJW\'RDQKQJKLӋSPXӕQKRҥWÿӝQJәQÿӏQK
YjDQWRjQWKuYLӋFÿLӅXWLӃWTXDQKӋWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡLPXDQJѭӡLEiQOjUҩW
TXDQWUӑQJ0ӕLTXDQKӋQj\ÿѭӧFÿLӅXWLӃWWUrQFѫVӣFkQEҵQJJLӳDYӕQFKLӃP
GөQJYjYӕQEӏFKLӃPGөQJOjPVDRYӯDÿҧPEҧRNKҧQăQJWKDQKWRiQFӫDF{QJ
W\ YӯD Vӱ GөQJ WLӃW NLӋP Yj KLӋX TXҧ QKҩW ÿӕL YӟL QJXӗQ YӕQ Eӓ UD WұQ GөQJ
ÿѭӧFQJXӗQYӕQFKLӃPGөQJÿѭӧFFӫDQKjFXQJFҩS
4XDQKӋWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡLEiQWKӵFFKҩWOjYLӋFGRDQKQJKLӋSFKLӃP
GөQJYӕQFӫDQKjFXQJFҩSQKѭQJYүQSKҧLÿҧPEҧRX\WtQFӫDF{QJW\WURQJ
YLӋFWKDQKWRiQQӧ7ҥRX\WtQÿӕLYӟLQKjFXQJFҩSJL~SF{QJW\FyÿѭӧFKjQJ
9
KRiÿҫXYjRYӟLFKҩWOѭӧQJWӕWJLiFҧәQÿӏQKQKҩWOjWURQJWuQKKuQKJLiFҧOHR
WKDQJQKѭKLӋQQD\+jQJKRiÿҫXYjRÿҧPEҧRYjәQÿӏQKVӁWҥRÿѭӧFOӧLWKӃ
FҥQKWUDQKFKRGRDQKQJKLӋS
7URQJTXDQKӋWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡLPXDGRDQKQJKLӋSSKҧLÿҧPEҧROjP
VDRJLӳÿѭӧFNKiFKKjQJQKѭQJFNJQJÿӗQJWKӡLWUiQKÿӇFKRNKiFKKjQJFKLӃP
GөQJYӕQNK{QJÿҧPEҧRQJXӗQYӕQTXD\YzQJWURQJNLQKGRDQKJLҧPKLӋXTXҧ
VӱGөQJYӕQ
4XDQKӋWKDQKWRiQYӟLQKjQѭӟFOjYLӋFPjFiFGRDQKQJKLӋSSKҧLWKӵF
KLӋQQJKƭDYөFӫDPuQKYӟL1JkQViFKQKjQѭӟFYӅWKXӃQKѭWKXӃ*7*7 WKXӃ
71'1WKXӃP{QEjLSKtOӋSKt«4XDYLӋFWKӵFKLӋQQJKƭDYөYӟL1JkQViFKQKj
QѭӟFVӁELӃWÿѭӧFWuQKKuQKKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFӫDGRDQKQJKLӋSWӕWKD\NK{QJ
1KuQ FKXQJ TXDQ KӋ WKDQK WRiQ YӟL QJѭӡL PXD Yj QJѭӡL EiQ Fy ҧQK
KѭӣQJWUӑQJ\ӃXÿӃQWuQK KuQKWjLFKtQKFӫDGRDQKQJKLӋS4XҧQOêWӕWTXDQKӋ
WKDQK WRiQ Qj\ VӁ JL~S GRDQK QJKLӋS ÿҧP EҧR WuQK KuQK WjL FKtQK FӫD GRDQK
QJKLӋSOX{QәQÿӏQKYjOjQKPҥQK
1.1.3. Ĉ̿FÿL͋m cͯa ho̩Wÿ͡QJWKDQKWRiQ
7KHR1J{7KӃ &KLÿһc ÿiӇm cӫa hoҥt ÿӝng thanh toiQ gӗm:
- 7URQJFiFQJKLӋSYөWKDQKWRiQGRDQKQJKLӋSYӯDFyWKӇOjFKӫQӧYӯD
FyWKӇOjFKӫWKӇFKӏXQӧ
- &iFQJKLӋSYөWKDQKWRiQFyOLrQTXDQÿӃQQKLӅXÿӕLWѭӧQJNKiFQKDX
\rXFҫXSKҧLWKHRG}LFKLWLӃWWKHRWӯQJÿӕLWѭӧQJWKDQKWRiQ
- &iFQJKLӋSYөWKDQKWRiQGLӉQUDPӝWFiFKWKѭӡQJ[X\rQOLrQWөFWURQJ
VXӕWTXiWUuQKKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFӫDGRDQKQJKLӋS9uYұ\GRDQKQJKLӋSFҫQ
FyQKӳQJFKtQKViFKFKӃÿӝTXҧQOêFKһWFKӁ
- &iFQJKLӋSYөWKDQKWRiQSKiWVLQKӣFҧTXiWUuQKPXDYұWWѭKjQJKRi
ÿҫXYjRYjTXiWUuQKWLrXWKөĈӕLYӟLGRDQKQJKLӋSNLQKGRDQKWKѭѫQJPҥLWKu
QyWKDPJLDYjRWRjQEӝTXiWUuQKNLQKGRDQKPXDKjQJYjEiQKjQJ
- 9LӋFWKDQKWRiQҧQKKѭӣQJOӟQWӟLWuQKKuQKWjLFKtQKFӫDGRDQKQJKLӋS
QrQWKѭӡQJFyFiFTX\ÿӏQKUҩWFKһWFKӁWURQJWKDQKWRiQ9uYұ\FҫQFyVӵJLiP
ViWTXҧQOêWKѭӡQJ[X\rQÿӇFiFTX\WҳFÿѭӧFW{QWUӑQJ
10
3KkQOR̩i ho̩Wÿ͡QJWKDQKWRiQWURQJGRDQKQJKL͏p
D3KkQOR̩LWKHRÿ͙LW˱ͫQJWKDQKWRiQ
- TKDQKWRiQYӟLQKjFXQJFҩSĈk\OjPӕLTXDQKӋSKiWVLQKWURQJTXi
WUuQKPXDVҳPYұW WѭWjLVҧQKjQJKRiODRYөGӏFKYө. 7KXӝFQKyPQj\EDR
JӗPFiFNKRҧQWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡLEiQYұWWѭKjQJKyDWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJѭӡL
QKұQWKҫX;'&%QKұQWKҫXVӱDFKӳDOӟQ«
- 7KDQKWRiQYӟLNKiFKKjQJSKiWVLQK WURQJTXiWUuQKWLrXWKөVҧQSKҭP
KjQJKRiODRYөGӏFKYөUDErQQJRjL.KLNKiFKKjQJFKҩSQKұQPXDFKҩS
QKұQWKDQKWRiQNKӕLOѭӧQJKjQJKRiPjGRDQKQJKLӋSFKX\ӇQJLDRKRһFGRDQK
QJKLӋSÿһWWUѭӟFWLӅQKjQJFKRGRDQKQJKLӋSVӁSKiWVLQKTXDQKӋWKDQK WRiQYӟL
QJѭӡLÿһWKjQJ
- 7KDQK WRiQ YӟL QKj QѭӟF 'RDQK QJKLӋS SKҧL WKӵF KLӋQ QJKƭD Yө FӫD
PuQKYӟLQJkQViFKQKjQѭӟFYӅWKXӃYjFiFNKRҧQNKiF&iFNKRҧQWKDQKWRiQ
Qj\FyWKӇNKiFQKDXÿӕLYӟLWӯQJGRDQKQJKLӋSWX\QKLrQWK{QJWKѭӡQJFiF
NKRҧQWKXӃSKҧLQӝSQKѭWKXӃJLiWUӏJLDWăQJ*7*7WKXӃP{QEjLWKXӃWKX
QKұSGRDQKQJKLӋSFiFSKtYjOӋSKt
- 7KDQKWRiQQӝLEӝ/jTXDQKӋSKiWVLQKWURQJQӝLEӝGRDQKQJKLӋSJӗP
WKDQKWRiQJLӳDGRDQKQJKLӋSYӟLFiQEӝF{QJQKkQYLrQJLӳDGRDQKQJKLӋSYӟL
FiFÿѫQYӏWUӵFWKXӝFYӅFiFNKRҧQSKkQSKӕLYӕQWKXKӝFKLKӝOүQQKDXPXD
EiQQӝLEӝ
- &iFTXDQKӋWKDQKWRiQNKiF1KѭTXDQKӋWKDQKWRiQYӟLQJkQKjQJFiF
WәFKӭFWjLFKtQKYӅFiFNKRҧQWLӅQYD\TXDQKӋYӅWKӃFKҩSNêFѭӟFNêTXӻ«
b. 3KkQlo̩LWKHRF{QJFͭ WKDQKWRiQ
- 7KDQKWRiQGQJWLӅQPһW 7KѭӡQJiSGөQJNKLNKӕLOѭӧQJWKDQKWRiQQKӓ
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