Tài liệu Boost! speaking 4 tb

Publishedby Pearson Longman Asia ELT 20lF Cornwall House Taikoo Place 979King'sRoad QuarryBay Hong Kong fax +85228569578 email: [email protected] www.longman.com and Associated Companies throughout the world. @PearsonEducationAsia Limited 2007 All rights reserved;no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or bylny -"ans, electionic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwisewithout the prior written permissionof the Publishers. First published20OT Reprinted2007(twice) Producedby PearsonEducationAsia Limited, Hong Kong CTPS/03 ISBN-I3: 978-962-00-5920-9 ISBN-10:962-00-5920-4 Publisher:Simon Campbell SeniorEditor: Howard Cheung Editor: GeorgeWells Designers:JunkoFunaki,Tonic Ng Illustrators:Balic Choy,BerndWong Audio Production:David Popeand SkyProductions For permission to use copyrighted images,we would like to thark @ Eleanor Bentall/Corbis (pp. 5 TL, I1), @ todi Hilton/Corbis (pp. 5 BR' 2l B)' @ l o i e F u s t e R a g a / C o r b i i ( p . 1 7 B ) , O s t u a r t w e s t m o r l a n d / C o r b i s ( p . 1 8 B ) , @ A n n a P e i s l / z e f a l C o r b i s ( p . 3 9 ) , @ T o m S t e w a r t / C o r b i s ( p p4 0 , B B B ) ' @ P e t e r M o u n t a i n / W a r n e r B r o s / B u r e a u L . A . C o l l e c t i o n / C o r b i s ( p . 4 5 ) , @ E m e l y / z e f a l C o r b i s5 ( p3 ) , @ L W A - D a n n T a r d i f / C o r b i s ( p6 3 T ) , @ C h r i s (p 90). Jones/Corbis (p 68 B), @ Simon Marcus/Corbis (p. Bl B), @ Reed Kaestner/Corbis (p. 82) and @ Gabe Palmer/Corbis Acknowledgements The Boost!Speakingcomponent is dedicatedto some key people who have been instrumental in helping me grow as an EFL professibnal,nimelyGordon Lewis,JakeKimball and AndrewWright. I'd alsolike to thank the many colleaguesI've enjoyeddiscussingYLand Teenagereducationalissueswith through KoreaTESOLand the IATEFLYoungLearnersand TeenagersSpecialInterestGroup. JasonRenshaw The Publisherswould alsolike to thank the following teachersfor their suggestionsand comments on this course: TaraCameron,RosanneCerello,Nancy Chan, ChangLi Ping,Ioy Chao,JessieChen,JosephineChen, ChiangYing-hsueh, ClaireCho, Cindy Chuang,Linda Chuang,Chueh Shiu-wen,Mark de Boer,Mieko Hayashida,Diana Ho, Lulu Hsu, Eunicefung, Hye Ri Kim, JakeKimball, JosieLai, Carol Lee,ElaineLee,Melody Lee,PeggyLi, EstherLim, Moon JeongLim, Iasmin tin, trlaitin Lin, Catherine Littlehale Oki, Linda Liu, Tammy Liu, Goldie Luk, Ma Li-ling, Chizuko Matsushita, Geordie McGarty,YasuyoMito, Eunice Izumi Miyashita, Mari Nakamura, Yannick O'Neill, Coco Pan, Hannah Park, KarenPeng,Zanne Schultz,Kaj Schwermer,MiYeon Shin, Giant Shu,Dean Stafford,Hyrnju Suh,TanYung-hui, Devon Thagard,Iohn and Chailie van Goch,Annie Wang,Wang Shu-ling,Wu Lien-chun, SabrinaWu, Yeh Shihfen, Tom Yeh,Laura Yoshida and Yunji Yun. Fietd Trip SUBJECT Sportsand Leisure SPEAKINGSKILL Using shortenedsentences SPEAKINGTASK Role-playa dialogue about going on a field trip. Usingshortenedsentences you can use shontenedsentences.Youcan often omit pantof In informalconvensations, the beginningof a sentence,consistingof unstressedwot'dsbeforethe mainvenb,advenb, adjectiveon negativetAlEyod going home now?//4 like to.l In questions,initialwords fWho, What, When, Why,How,Da Are, etc.] can be omitted if you use rising questionintonationat the end of the sentence[seeSpeaking2, Unit 1]. shontenedsentencesanenot usedin writingor fonmalspeakingwith the exception Gener"ally, youis almostalwaysomitted,evenin the subject, sentences.In impenatives, of imper^atrve fonmalsituations,unlessa speakerwants to emphasizeit as the subjectl)bu-don'tforget to take yourjacketl. O o fock: jill: AreTou going on the field trip tomorrow? going, too? Yeoh.Wil@e [ock: |ill: Sure.irre]rou plonning on toking onything with you? you? +q++etoking something for lunch. fffi [ock: I1n going to toke my lunch, too. And o notebookond o pen' |ill: S/+y-do you need to toke o notebookond o pen? fock: fill: Well, donltsyourememberthe lost time we went on o field trip? SureI remember.Oh, I seewhot you meon. The teochertold us we hod to toke notes. |ock: Right. +h€re might be on ossignmentqfterwords. fill: OK, thqnks. A notebookond o pen os well then. [Students'clnswerscon vory] Field Trip /R &{-i}flo@ Listenand read. Kwon: r d Going on the field trip tomorrow? Lucy: Yeoh.And you? Kwon: Sure.,a,Bettertokeo jocket becouseit could get cold. Lucy: Reolly?Thought it wos supposedto be worm tomorrow. Kwqn: r b Don't think so. The weother report soysit'll be cold ond roiny. Lucy: OK. Taking your notebook with you? Kwan: Yeoh,t.,ctbetter.We'll hove o test obout whot we sow on the trip. Lucy: Test?r e ; About the museum or the oquorium? Kwon: Both. That's whot Mondy told me, clnywoy. Lucy: l t lNot much time for fun then, if we're toking notes oll doy ... Kwon: Guess not. ffi **r*er thequestions. Where could you insert thesewords into the diologue to moke more completesentences? aYou'd bI cwe'd d Are you e Isit f There's Do you think this is o cosuol or formol conversotion? How con you tell? Casual conversation. because they do not use full sentences. Using shortened sentences When you are havingcasualconversations,you can use shortened sentencesto speak mone quickly.Don't shorten sentencesin wr"itingon formal speaking.In questionsor statements,you can skip unstressedwords before the main verb, advenb,adjectiveon negative: (Are you) Going?/ (You'd) Betten / (l) Don't think so./ (ls it) For me? Listen and repeat. Then work with a elassmateand take turrnssaying each sentenceusing the words given. Goingon the field trip tomorrow? clossoutinE, graduotion trip l-il*llkr ::::*-"":h 2 Bettertoke eijeicketbecouseit could$Qtiffid 3 Thoughtit wossupposed to be wnrin tomorrow. illd:l'tll: :I":dI 4 with you? Tokingyour reotetrook textbook, bnckpack, cell phone yl umuret]oloin ct'!tinm!f!!n W 1 to.mor.row 1 The weother report soysit'll be cold ond roiny. 2 jack'et 2 We'll hove o test obout whot we sow on the trip. 3 sup'posed 4 note.book 5 a.wgl'r.um 6 About the museum or the oquarium? Put the dialoguein the correctorder.Then listen and practice it with a classmate. Tom: Oh yeoh. And they hove o gome tomorrow. Dqn: It's going to be fun. He'smissing out! Tom: OK. Think Brettwill be going too? Don: Yeoh.Bettertoke somesunscreenbecouseit's going to be reolly hot tomorrow. Tom: Going on the field trip to the beoch? Don: Don't think so. He'sin the boseboll teom. Preparea dialogueabout goinE on a field trlp. Useshortenedsenteneesin your dialogue. aquarium museum observatory wildlifepark theater Going on t he field trip tomorcow? Certainlyam.Andyou? Of course. hetter wea?a eweater becauseit geAe quit e cold insidet he observatory. Eventhough it's going to be eunnyouteide? Yeah. OK.Takinqy o ur not ebook with y ou? Ray: Yanzi; Rresentyour dialogueto the class. fQffi w Nome: Clqss: Dote: Crossout words to shorten the dialoguewithout changingthe meaning of the sentences. [ock: Are you going on the field trip tomorrow? fitl: Yeoh.Will you be going,too? fock: Sure.Are you plonning on toking onything with you? fill: I'll be toking somethingfor lunch. How obout you? fock: I'm going to toke my lunch, too. And o notebookond o pen. fill: Why do you needto toke o notebookond o pen? |ock: Well, don't you rememberthe lost time we went on o field trip? fill: SureI remember.Oh, I seewhot you meon. The teochertold us we hod to toke notes. |ock: Right. Theremight be qn ossignmentofterwords. fill: OK, thonks. A notebookond o pen os well then. Work with a classmate.Make notes for a dialogue about a field trip to a museum.Thenpracticeyour dialogue, Me Things to toke Reasons Things to do on the trip Other informotion O Presentyour dialogueto the class. Clqssmote ,, TercibleWeather SUBJECT Geography SPEAKINGSKILL Paraphrasing SPEAKINGTASK Paraphrasea paragraphabout extremeweather. Paraphrasing Panaphnasing can be quitea difficultskillto leann.However,it is a valuableskillbecausethe oniginal materialis not alwaysavailable to refer to when you anetalkingaboutit, lt is alsoa goodwayto pnesentkeyinfonmation in a shorter',moneconciseway.To par"aphnase a long passage,it is helpfultotake notes as you listenon nead. When beginning to paraphnase something,you can let listenersknowby usingphnasessuch as basica//y,to summarize or in short Becausespoken Englishis usuallyless fonmalthan you can use simplenvocabularyand sentencesto nestatesomething. wnittenEnglish, @ @ I Originaf : A drought is an extreme form of weather in which very dry conditions occur over a long perrod of tlme. Paraphrase: ln short, a drought is when the weather is dry for a /ong time. [Students' onswers con vory] 1. On Sundoy April 11, 1965, a tornodo outbreok in the midwest stotes of the US killed 271 people ond injured more thon 1,500 people. It wos one of the most deodly tornodo outbreoks ever. There were 47 tornodoes, mony of them lorge, strong ond losting o long time. They olso moved through ploces where people lived. Mony people were in church thot doy so they did not heor obout the tornodoes before they hit. 2. At obout 7:45 on the evening of April 14, 1999, o lorge hoilstorm occurred in eostern Sydney, Austrolio. Although not mony people were injured ond there wos only one deoth, over 20,000 buildings ond 40,000 vehicleswere smqshed by tennis boll-sized hoilstones thot come down ot over 200 km/h. There were olso 25 plones hit ot Sydney Airport. Domoges totoled over $1.5 billion, moking it one of the most expensive hqilstorms ever. [Suggestedonswers; students' qnswers con vory] TercibleWeather Listenandread' @" Peoplein different ports of the world have found mony woys to live with extreme weother.A good exomple is the plocesin the world thot experiencetropicol storms.People living in theseplocesbuild strong foundotions for buildings to withstond strong winds. They also build living oreos high obove the ground to ovoid floods. Stormscan olso cousehuge woves,so citiescloseto the oceon con be shieldedwith big seo wolls colled levees. Teacher: So,you've reod the possage.Who'd Nick: ffi 1 2 like to tell me quickly whot it wos obout?Go oheod, Nick. Bosically,someplocesin the world get terrible weother. For exomple, there are some woys to survive in plocesthot get tropicol storms. Strong foundotions protect buildings from winds. Living high up con sove people from floods. Leveescon protect citiesfrom big wovesin storms. onu*erthequestions. How is.Nick'sexplonotion the solne os the possoge? It tells the s ame important informat ion. How is Nick's exploncitiondifferent from the possoqe? Itis shorter aid uses some differentwords anf,sentences. ffi 1 Stormscon olso cousehuqe wctves. 2 ex.pel.r.ence 2 Living high up con sovepeoplefrom floods. 3 trop.i.cal 3 Leveescon protect cities from plgwoves in storms. 4 foun.da.tions 5 pro.tect 6 cit.ies Readthe paragraphand eonTplete the panaphnase using words fronn the boN" ir exomple wclys speciol sofer inside using 'ir,,-,.,,,.,,,,.,..,,,,,.,,.",..,.,,,,,,.,. Peoplein very cold plocessurvive despite severeweother.Housesin the for north ore well insuloted to keep heot in, ond the windows often hove two pones of thick gloss. The roofs are designedto moke snow slide off. Snowploughs removesnow from roods, ond choins ore wropped oround cor tires to stop them from sliding on icy roods. Poraphrose Bosically,there ore {1} wale to live in very cold ploces.Good insulotion ond double window pones keep the heat {z} {e} 1pecial roofs keep the snow off them. {s} tire choins mokes driving on roods {s} A {q#po@ inside houses,for {3} Ueing examPle snow ploughs ond safer Work with a classmateand paraphrasethe paragraplr. A drought is on extreme form of dry weother over o long period of time. There ore o voriety of woys to live through times of drought. Formers con use irrigotion-channels ond pipes-to bring woter in from rivers or lokes.Peoplecon reduce their woter use by recycling the woter they use for woshing ond cleoning, ond by instolling woter tonks to collectroin woter. ,rtliiit.li:ilrr.llli.r.,t:iar:'ii:':r:iia.::,r:r..,t:.::a,r.ili /,R. ffi fresentyour paraphrase to the class. F i r s ut n d e r l i nteh e keyinformation fromthe p a s s a gT e h e nc h a n g e s o m en o u n 5v,e r o 5a n o whereyou can. adjectives Readthe descriptiom. Work with a classn'rate and paraphrasethe panagraphusing your 6wn words. For thousondsofyears, peoplehove used wool for worm clothing. However,wool is not woterproof.Now there ore new moteriols which ore light, woterproof ond windproof, like Gore-Tex.Somepeoplelike to weor Gore-Texclothing becouseit keepsthem worm ond dry. Gore-Texolso has the obility to "breothe," ollowing sweotto escopewithout ollowing woter in. A 5@;lo6 Listen and take motes.[Jseyoaxn!'!otesto prepare a paraphnase" @h@ CD scripton p.94. Notes bestway to slay wa?m - insidehouseof snow-igloo - blocksof hardsnow - dome-shapedhouse - temperalure:out side -45C, ineide|O-AO"C - (keepswarmair snowexcellent,insulator inside,et ope cold air from get'ting in) ,dftj, ffi- fresentyour paraphrase from Actiwity! to the cNass. Nome: O Closs: Dote: Readthe paragraphs and take notes. One of the worst tornodo outbreoks in UShistory occurredon April 11, 1965.In total,47 deodlytornodoes developedoround the midwest stotes. The deoth toll wos 27L and over L,500 peoplewereinjured. It wos sucho destructiveoutbreok becouseof the number of tornodoesinvolved,the size,strength ond durotion of mony of them, ond the poths they troveled through urbon oreos.Also,becouse it wos o Sundoy,mony peoplewere in church, which wos moybe why weotherwornings were not receivedin time. Notes One of the most costly hoilstorms everrecordedwos on April 14,7999 in Sydney,Austroliq. At oround 7:45 p.m., hoilstonesthot werelorger thon tennis bolls ond folling ot more than 200 km/h come down over the eosternoreosof Sydney.Over 20,O00 propertiesond 40,0OOvehicleswere domoged in the storm, but luckily there were few injuries ond only one persondied os o result.25 ploneswere olso domqgedot SydneyAirport. The storm cousedover $1.5billion worth of domoge. Notes 2 Work with a classmateand paraphrasethe paragraphs.Thenpresent one of your paraphrasesto the class. Say each wCIrd.Then write the number of sylNables and undenline the stressedsyllah!e" cities tropical n '3 tomorrow ',.3: foundations 3', e x t r e m e. 2 : prolgg_t ,.2; & Sav each senten€e.Then underline the stressedwords" #*3:h -\#f 1 The 2 soysit'll b. lglly_ond W-g_T_gr. f-ep_q4 Stormscon olsocouseterribleflooding. 3 Seowollscon protectcitiesfrom hugewovesin storms. 4 Aboutthe oquoriumor the wildlifepork? lMonkwlth a classmateto cormpletethe conversationabout going on a f!e!d trlp. Then practicethe eonversationtogether. Speoker A: Going ont'hefieldtripthisweekend? SpeokerB: Reolly?I thought it wos supposedto be eunnyandhot allweekend. report, eaye it'll be cloudy and rainy by noon SpeokerA: Doubt it. The-ryea;t;her onSaturday. SpeakerB: gY. Takingsnacks? SpeokerA: Yeah,better. Thereare no restaurante nearbyandwe'regoingto gelhungry. G)r@ CD scripton p.94. lt:ll.r::.:l::.rrtll: SUBJECT Culture and People SPEAKINGSKILL Apologizingand explaining SPEAKINGTASK Role-playa dialoguewhere someoneis apologizing. Apologizingand explaining When you needto makean apology, you can beginby simplysayingSorcyHoweven, ustnga full sentenceis more sincere llm sorry...].To show evenmonesincer"ity, you can add one on moneadverbsto emphasizehow sor'ry you ane [/m so sorry .../ /m verysorcy...]. You can then givea reason on an explanationusingphnasessuch as Thatbbecause...,The thing is ...,See,/... or / don't want to make excuses,but... . Sometimes you can neassure someoneby sayingthat you will not repeat what you are apologizing fon flt wonTever happen again./ /7/be more careful in the future]. Apologiescan be acceptedin a varietyof waysas well,rangingfnom completefongiveness lThatb OK.ltb no trouble at a/lf,to fongivenessbased on a condition [We//,OK.But iust don't /et it happen again]. 1. I'm sorry I'm lote.I missedthe bus. 2. l'm sorry. I left my homework on the bus. 3. I'm so sorry! I didn't seeyou there. 4. Sorry.The thing is, my phone hod no power left. 5. I'm very sorry. I thought it wos next week. 6. I'm reolly sorry. It just dropped out of my honds when I wos putting it bock in the cose. 7. Sorry.My mom's sick so I wont to stoy home to look ofter her. 8. The thing is, I hove to toke the dog out for o wolk beforeI con come meet you. [Suggestedonswers;students'onswerscon vory] @ [Students'onswerscon vory] Sorrv I'm late! .,/ ffi &{C}'So@ Listenand read. Yumiko: Good morning-sorry I'm lote. Teocher: Come in, Yumiko. Where hove you been?It's 10:30.Clossis neorly over. Yumiko: I'm sorry I didn't qet here on I'm sorrv to heor thot, Yumiko. Let'shope your fother is OK soon.Do you hove your homework for me? Yumiko: Uh, octuolly,no ... Teocher: I con understondwhy you ore lote, but whot hoppenedto your homework? Yumiko: fhot's becousewith oll the confusion this morning, I forgot to put my books ond Teocher: folders in Teocher: Hm. Well, I expect to see your homework first thing tomorrow. ffi *ollowthe instruetions. Underlinethe ports of the conversotionwhere someonesoys"sorry." Which "sorry" seems to be different from the others? "l'm sorcy t o hear that" is not an apology. Circle the ports of the conversotionwhere reqsonsore qlven. Cornpleteeaehplrraseby matehimgtlre two parts" Then llsten and praeticewit&ra elassrrrate. 1 Well the thing is, , * , a heor thot. 2 l'rn sorry to a_, b wonted to go but I couldn't. 3 See,I b' c didn't coll you yesterdoy. 4 Thot's becousemy e I'm sorry I c l d I'm going to be very busy tomorrow. e brother wos using the phone oll doy. 5 Use the table below to help you plan a dialogue where someone is apologizing and giving explanations t6 a friend. Outsidethe movielheater Chorocter I: Bo-bae why is Chorocter I apologizing? 1 He islate meetingTerence atthe Chorocter Terence Whot ore the explonotions Chorocter 1 gives? 1 Hefell aeleepafter lunch, movietheater. He_f or got t-1ob-ring t he movie He woke up lat e and was !n a hurry, tickets. eo he forgot the tickets. l R e m e m b et or u s et h e you learnedto start expressions a p o l o g i easn de x p l a n a t i o n s . ffi et"t"nt yourdialogueto the class. ,rri i :: I ,rrrrr:rr,rr,.' ::':ir i.,i12l1;r'r:l.:;: