Tài liệu Xây dựng framework thương mại điện tử

BQ GIAO DVC DAO T30 TRITONG BSI HQC THANG LONG —o0o-- THANG LONG UNIVERSITY KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEP yaky DUNG FRAMEWORK THLIONG MAI DIEN TIT MAO VIEN HUONG DAN: Ths. Trim Tan Tan SIKH VIEN THVC Nguyen Bat) Trung - A15042 Nguyen Chi Cueing - A15897 CHUYEN NGANH: Ging Nghe Thong Tin HA NQI - 2013 This is trial version www.adultpdf.com IA CAM ON D4 hoin thinh luan van nay chtIng t8i xin chin third' gni itri cam an den i quy thiy c8 trong khoa Toin Tin trubng D3i hqc Thiing Long a quan tam gittp der chi bio tan tinh trong qui trinh thvc hien de tai. Nher d6 chi ng toi da tiep thu dtrqc nhieu y kien d6ng g6p vi nhan xet qui biu dm qui thiy c8 thong qua cic bu6i bio ye cuang. a Ching ten xin girl 16i cam on sau sic nhAt den ThS. Tri'n Tuan Toin da trvc tiep hueng can, dinh hueng chuyen mon, quan tim gitip der *In firth vi tao mqi diau kien thuan lqi !that trong qui trinh Ong tic cling nhu Ow hien luan van. Tren het chin toi xin big to long kinh trong vi sv biet an siu sic den gia dinh da tqo mqi dieu icien tot nhit 44 chting toi ce the hoin thimh tot mqi ding viep trong qui trinh thvc hien luan van. Ben card' d6, ching toi cling xin girl lai cim an cua minh Uri ban be, luon quan tim, chia se, dOng vien toi trong suik thai gian thvc hien luan van. Mac 46 da rit ct ging tong qui trinh thtrc hien nhung luan van idgeg the Minh nhfing thieu set. Ching toi mong 'than dtrqc sv g6p y cis quy diAy co vi ban be. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com MVC LVC PHAN 1. MY! THIEU 1 1.1. Giei thien ht thong thung mgi Min tn. (E-Commerce) 1 1.2. Tong (plan vi dAc PHP Framework 3 1.3. Framework thieving mgi dien tdr con c6 nheng 0? 3 1.4. Framework cAa chung to s81Am dirge nhttng gi? 4 1.5. Lqi fch ter viec xily dgng Framework thsrang m0 dimn tv 7 PHAN 2. TONG QUAN Vt DESIGN PARTTERN VA MO 2.1. min that ki (Design Patterns)... MVC .9 2.1.1. floc diem chung 9 2.1.2. Phan log! Pattern 9 2.1.3. Ccic miu that ki dirqc sti dung trong Framework 2.2. M8 hinh Singleton ve Registry. 10 11 2.2.1. Singleton 11 222. Registry 16 2.2.3. M6 hinh kit hop Singleton & Registry 18 2.3. MO H1NH MVC 20 2.3.1. Lich sir 20 2.12. Kan trtic mo hinh MVC 20 2.3.3. Dec cam mia mo hinh MVC 21 PHAN 3. CAU TRUC CiJA FRAMEWORK. 24 3.1. Ciin truc thu myc Framework 24 3.2. Deng clay de lien trong Framework .. 26 3.3. 1URL 27 3.4. Model 28 3.5. View 29 3.6. Controller 31 3.7. Cic Library 34 17.1. Thu vien Cart 34 3.7.2. Thu vien Clean 35 3.7.3. Thu vien Currency 35 This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 3.7.4. Thu. Wen Form_ validation 36 3.7.5. Thus vin Session 37 3.7.6. Thus Wen User control 37 3.8. Cie Helper 38 3.8.1. UY8 helper 38 18.2. Text helper 39 3.8.3. Url helper 39 PHAN 4. DAC TA VA XIV DIPIG CAC THUONG MAI DEW TIT.... cllirc NANG CiJA Ilt THONG 41 4.1. Phis tfch that hi 41 4.2. Dec ti °lc cher sang cfis hg thang. 42 UC #0001 42 QUATN Lk NHOM NGI167 DUNG, NGIVI DUNG UC #0002... QUyiN 42 ...47 NHA SAN XUAT UC #0003 .. QUIN LI. DANN MCIC SAN PH& 50 UC #0004 53 QUAN Li sky PlaM 53 UC #0005 QUAN 57 NHOM KIIACH HANG 57 UC #0006 QUIN 60 ICHACH HANG 60 UC #0007 QUAN 47 50 63 DO7V HANG UC #0008 63 .... QUAN Lk COUPON UC #0009 .67 67 71 GUY MAIL 71 UC #0010 73 QUAN Lir LOY TIN Tilt UC #0011 73 76 QUAN Lk TIN TUC This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 76 UC #0012 -.79 BAO CAO, THONG KR UC #0013 QUAN Li' TIEN n UC #0014 79 83 83 86 MUA HANG 86 4.3. Tir dien de lieu 93 4.4. My dung cic chat thing cis Framework 99 4.4.1. Qucino, nham nguai dung 100 4.4.2. Quinn ly nguai dung 101 4.4.3. Qucinl" nha san flat 102 4.4.4. Qucinlji danh myc san phim 103 4.4.5. Quern !juin pham 104 4.4.6. Quern ly nhom khach hang 106 4.4.7. Quoin ly khcich hang 107 4.4.8. Quern orr coupon 109 4.4.9. Quern 135 clan hang 110 4.4.10. Quern ly loai tin hit 113 4.4.11. Quern 135 tin tar 114 4.4.12. Bao cao 115 4.4.13. Quern ly ccic phrtang thar thanh to:in 117 te 118 4.4.15. Backup/Restore 119 4.4.14. Quern Ifr tie'n PHAN 5. XAY DUNG WEBSITE SIT DUNG FRAMEWORK 121 5.1. GM Mtn bei tome 121 5.1.1. MO to bai loan 121 5.1.2. Mac tieu cbc chic ruing can qua III 122 5.1.3. Phan tick thilt ki he thong 123 5.2. Clu blab co bin 124 5.3. My dvng cfc chit ning 126 5.3.1. Quern ly tcic gici 126 5.3.2. Thong ke truy cap 130 This is trial version www.adultpdf.com PHAN 6. KI THUAT NANG CAO HIP NANG VA BAO MAT CHO INC DUNG WEBSITE 132 ... 6.1. M(it so ky thnot sir dyng trong Framework 132 6.1.1. Method Chaining 132 6.1.2. Active Record 133 6:1.3. AJAX 135 6.1.4. Javascript 140 6.1.5. Payment 141 6.2. Rio mjit cho ding dyng website 143 6.2.1. HTML injection va Cross site scripting 143 6.2.2. SQL Injection 145 6.2.3. Cross — site Request Forgery 148 This is trial version www.adultpdf.com DANH MVC HiNH ANH Hinh 2.1. Diem dank theo each thong thtrong 13 Hinh 2.2. Diem danh theo m8 hinh Singleton 15 Hinh 2.3. Mo hinh MVC don gian 20 Fah 2.4. Throng truyen tree mo hinh MVC. 21 Hinh 2.5. Sr khac nhau gala MVC vi 3 — layers 21 Hinh 2.6. Qua trinh truyen trong m6 hinh 3 — layers. 22 HIM 2.7. Qua trinh truyen trong MVC. 22 Hinh 4.1. So d0 Usecase Framework 41 Hinh 5.1. Sa dO UseCase he thting 123 Hinh 5.2. Quy trinh mua hang 124 Hinh 5.3. Cai dot — Glen thieu. 125 Hinh 5.4. Cai dat — Ciu hinh. 125 Hinh 5.5. cai dot - Ket thus. 125 Hinh 6.1. ling dung web truyen thong Ora° va frng dung AJAX 136 Hinh 6.2. Tucmg tac diing b0 trong CEng clung web truyen thiing vi di b0 trong vng dung AJAX. 137 Hinh 6.3. AJAX — Form thing kj,. 138 Hinh 6.4. AJAX — Hien thi loi 139 This is trial version www.adultpdf.com DANH MVC WET TAT ICI hien viet tit Ten day da TMDT Throng mrti din ter MVC Model — View — Control PL Presentation Layer BL Bussiness Layer DL Data Access Layer URL Uniform Resource Locator URI Uniform Resource Identifier XSS Cross-Site Scripting CSRF Cross — site Request Forgery CMS Content management system QL Quart lj NV NMI vien This is trial version www.adultpdf.com PHAN 1. G161 THIEU 1.1. Gioi (Mtn re he &Ong Hwang mai dien tir (E-Commerce) Trong vii nam ter lai day, dac biet la 6 Viet Nam, cum ter Thuong Mai Dien Ter (TMDT) (con gel la E-Commerce hay E-Business) xuat hien ngay met phi) bien. Pham vi cua TMDT rat rOng, bao quit hau nhu mei hinh thai hog deng kinh t4, khong chi bao gam buon ban hang hea va dich vu, vi the kho c6 the um met CUM nghia co ranh gieri re ret cho khai niem TMDT. Xet met cach dog quit, cac dinh nghia TMDT duce chia thanh hai nhem tity thuec vao quan diem: - Theo nghia hcp, TMDT chi don than b6 hcp thuang mai dien ter trong viec mua ban hang hem va dich vu thong qua cac phuong tien dien ter, nhet la qua Internet va cac mang lien thong khac; Theo nghia Ong, TMDT la cac giao dich tai chinh va thtrcmg mai bing phuong tien dien ter nhu: trao din de . lieu dien ter, chuyen tien dien t6 va cac hoat &Ong nhu girl/nit tien bang the tin dung... TMDT co the duce phin loci theo tinh each ciut ngueri tham gia: Ngueri tieu dung: + C2C (Consumer-To-Comsumer) Ngueri tieu dimg veri ngtred tieu dimg; + C2B (Consumer-To-Business) Nguai tieu dung vai doanh nghiep; + C2G (Consumer-To-Government) Ngtrei tieu clang v6i chinh Doanh nghiep: + + + + B2C (Business-To-Consumer) Doanh nghiep veri ngtreri tieu dimg; B2B (Business-To-Business) Doanh nghiep veri doanh nghiep; B2G (Business-To-Government) Doanh nghiep veri chinh phi; B2E (Business-To-Employee) Doanh nghiep veri nhan vien. Chinh phi: + G2C (Government-To-Consumer) Chinh phit veri ngueri tieu &mg; + G2B (Government-To-Business) Chinh phu veri doanh nghiep; + G2G (Government-To-Government) Chinh ph6 ven chinh Ngtreri to khai thac sire mash cua TMDT vi met se bar do nhu: - TMDT gulp cho cac doanh nghiep nitm dirge thong tin phong phu ve thi throng va deli tic; - TMDT giip gam chi phi sin xuit; - TMDT giup giam chi phi ban hang vi tiep thi; - TMDT thong qua Internet gitip ngueri tieu thing va cac doanh nghiep giam ding Ice theri gian va chi phi giao dich; This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 1 - TMDT tao dieu kien cho viec thiet lap vi ding et mei quan he giaa cic thanh phan tham gia vao qua trinh thuong mai; - TMDT tao dieu kien sem tiep can nen kinh 4 s6 hod. Voi nhang loi ich nhu vay, TMDT ngily cling phat trien math me, bieu hien qua viec nhftng hang kinh doanh Ulm tuyen xuit hien ugly met nhieu tren Internet. Cie cling dok tieu bieu cua met giao dich tree cite trang kink doanh true tuyen nay: 1. Khach hang, tir met may tinh tai met nth nao do, dieu nherng thong tin thanh town vi dia chi lien he vao dun dat hang (Order Form) elm Website ban hang (con goi la Website TMDT). Doanh nghiep nhk dirge you eau mua hang hod hay dich vu cim khach hang vi phan hei xac Ethan tom tit lai nhang thong tin can thiet nhu mat hang da chqn, dia chi giao nhOn vi s6 phieu dat hang... 2. Khach hang kiem tra lai cac thong tin vi kich (click) vao not (button) "dat hang", tir ban phim hay chuOt (mouse) dm may tinh, giri thong tin tra vet cho doanh nghiep. 3. Doanh nghiep nhOn vi Itru ft& thong tin dat hang deng thtri chuyen tiep thong a tin thanh toan (s6 the tin dung, ngily dio han, chit the...) da &Km ma hoa den may chit (Server, thiet bi xi: 19 du Ho) caa Trung tam cung cep dich vu xir 19 the tren mang Internet. Voi qua trinh ma h6a cac thong tin thanh Wan ciut khach hang duqc bao mat an Wan nhiim cheng gian lan Kong ale giao dich (ching han doanh nghiep se khong biet dugc thong tin ve the tin dung cita khkh hang). 4. Kin Trung tam Xfr 19 the tin clung nhon duk thong tin thanh town, se giii ma thong tin \di xir 1y giao dich ding sau bac tuerng lira (FireWall) vi tech roi mang Internet, intim rave dich bao mot tuy 'et del cho cac giao dich thuang mai, dinh clang lai giao dich vi chuyen tiep thong tin thank tom den ngfin hang tea doanh nghiep (Acquirer) theo met dutmg day thue bao rieng (mOt dtrimg truyen s6 lieu rieng biet). 5. Ngan hang edit doanh nghiep giri thong diep dien tir yeu eau thanh tom (authorization request) den nein hang hoac cong ty cung cap the tin dung ctia khach hang (Issuer). Va to chat tai chinh nay se phin hei la long y hok tir chlai thanh town den hung tam xir 19 the tin dung hen mang Internet. 6. Trung tam xir 19 the tin dung ten Internet se tiep tic chuyen tiep ithimg thong tin phan hei hen den doanh nghiep, vi thy theo do doanh nghiep thong bao cho khach hang dirge re la dun dat hang se threw thgc hien hay khong. Toan b6 thtri gian thirc hien met giao dich qua mang tir butrc I => 6 dirge xir 19 Kong khoang 15 - 20 giay. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 2 1.2. Tang quan ve the PHP Framework Thanh ngif Framework khong con xa lu gi vela nhcmg ngutti da lam viec va nghien ciru PHP. Framework giting nhtr mot thu vien ma lenh duqc xay dtmg sin de cho nhimg ngutri lop trinh vien sau nay c6 the sir dung lai hoac phat trien. Hien nay, PHP la met nen nglit script rat phO bien ben rillimg 1Y do: firth hoot, cli c h9c, Nhung doi viec vitt ma PHP, hay bat cir neon ngit lap trinh nao sirdung, khic, co the fret nen don dieu va limg eung. DO la Ific ma chimg ta net! den PHP Framework. a ttr?mg chung ding sau each thirc lam viec cua met PHP Framework duce ke den la Model — View — Controller (MVC). MVC la 1 mo hinh (kien trim) trong Iap trinh, cho phep Lich biet cac ma nghiep Ai (business logic) va giao dien (UI) thanh cac phan rieng biet, dieu nay thing nghia yeti viec ta c6 the chinh sira chting 1 each rieng le. Trong cum tir MVC thi: Model (M) co the hieu la phan xir 15 , cac thao tic ve nghiep vu (business logic), View dirgc hieu la phan xir ly 16p . giao (lien (presentation layer), va Controller lam nhiem Ai 19c cac yeu eau dugc g9i fir ngtkri dung, c6 chile nang nhu met dinh tuyen (route) - dieu chinh, phan lutong cac yeu au de gel dung Model va View thich hqp. Ve ca ban, MVC chia nhe qua trinh xir 13 , dm met img dung, vi the nen chfing ta c6 the lam viec tren tirng thenh phan rieng le, trong khi nhung thanh phan khac se khong bi anh hieing toi. Thtrc chat, dieu nay glop der chting ta lop trinh PHP nhanh hen va it phtic tap hon. PHP Framework hien nay kha day diz va dap img him het cac dieu kien can va dti cho viec xay dung met do an. Nei toi PHP Framework thi nai bat nhat vin la: Zend Framework, CodeIgniter Framework, CakePHP Framework,.... Cac framework nay cho trong nhang chi tiet nhe nhat trong lap trinh. Nhim giant tai th?ri gian van dung cho ngtred sir dung chimg. Ching han nhu cac helper gall) nguiri dung xay dung form, cac helper gitip ngtrai dimg sir dung nheng the HTML, the helper gifip ngutri dung validation cac form va chi dieu nay, thut to chi gap phan lam cho Framework do ter nen than thien va quen thuOc vOi nguori dung nhieu ham. 1.3. Framework thuwng m0 dien tie clin c6 nhung gi? Cac module can this& khi xay dung met Framework thircmg mai dien tir: Module San phim: Module nay cho phep doanh nghiep chia thanh nhieu danh muc san pham c6 the to thay dot theo nhu au vi du chia thanh san phim not that, san phim my nghe, san pham ding san...vvv. Trinh bay thong tin, hinh anti gia thank .' cita san pham theo clang e-catalog. tich hey sin giO mua hang dien tie (e-shopping cart) phuc vu cho nhu cAu mua sim teen mang cua khitch hang. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 3 Module Thank totin qua ming: Module nay di kern vei gio mua hang dien tit (eshopping cart), phvc vg cho nhu cau thanh tom qua mang cim khich hang. Module Quart ly Mack hang: Ltru gift thong tin ve qua trinh dot hang, mua hang, hem don thanh toar ► ...vvv, giep khaeh hang va doanh nghiep thuon tien era ciru khi can thiet. Module Dick yin Hien thj thong tin, hinh anti ve cac dich vv cua doanh nghiep tren website. Moe djch vv c6 1 form you cau djch vv di kern, cho phep khich hang ding lien lac khi can thief. a Module Tin at Module cho phdp chia nho thenh nhieu log tin khic nhau vi dv tin trong nark, tin quac te, tin tiro cling nghe, tin nOi b0...wv. Module Tito them db y kiln: Doanh nghiep c6 the dtra ra nhang cau h6i de thihn de y kiln cea khach hang khi vieng tham website. , Module Qudng cbo trot aryls: Cho phep doanh nghiep guard)", cac banner, logo cua cac 461 tac tren website minh, too ngu6n thu tit website. Ti?,: ich tim kilm: Bao gEm 2 chfrc nang tim kiem: Tint nhanh va tim nang cao. - Tim nhanh: cho phdp ngtteri xem tim kiem nhanh bat kir thong tin nio bong website th8ng qua thao tac don gun la nhap tit khera can tim va nhan enter de ra ket qua. - Tim /fang cao: cho phep ngueri xem gi6i has khu vttc tim IciEm thong tin de kit qua hien thj ra chinh xac hon. Tick kip bj dlm ckuyJn saw Bao gom b0 dem s6 ngueri da truy cap, dang truy cap website, dem s6 lan da dugc xem cho ten sin pham. Form lien kf trot tuyin: Cho phep Mach lien he veri doanh nghiep khi co nhu cau. 1.4. Framework ala china to 0 lam dove nhirng gi? - Quin ly sin pham: + Dac truing net b8t bong tinh nang quan tri san pham la ha trq linh hog trong t6 chin ahem sin phim, cho phep melt sin phim c6 the dirge sao chap va xuat hien 6 nhieu nh6m khac nhau. DEng thee, co the cai dot nhieu log sin phim trong quart tri de cac bleu mitt dif lieu phi hap vei dac thu timg log san pham, vi dv cac du lieu m6 to cho melt log thvc pham khong gi6ng veri dit lieu cho melt hang dien tit. KM nang nay dac biet quan trong trong thucmg mai dien to khi website co nhieu mat hang khic nhau ma yin muiln lam n6i bat dac trong cita mEi loci hang. + Ngoli ra he thong hE trq kha nang dien khien cac thuOc tinh hien thi cho phdp melt sin pham dttqc hien thj theo nhting dac trung khac nhau, tai cac This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 4 vi tri nOi dung khac nhau tren giao dien. Tinh nang nay rat quan tang d6i veri viec trien khai cac mac tieu hay chuang trinh quing cao, khuyen mai colt tang web. + He thting 'quan tri gia sin phim cho phdp quirt tri gia tham chien dash rieng cho ngubi bin (gia nhOp g6c), gia bin, gia khuyen mai. Viec ho trq gii nhap gtic chi dinh cho ngtr?ri bin, cho phdp ngtreri bin co the tham khio gia ngay tren website de &Op quyet ?lath co chip nhan mire gia ma ngutri mua de nghl khi mu6n mac ca mua hang hay khong. + Ngoai ra he th6ng cbn thi'et ke cho phep cap nhat gia cho hang log sin pham cling lac, tinh nang nay dac biet quan trgng trong throng mai dien hi khi s6 lugng sin phim tren website len den hang nghin va viec cap nhat lin lugt la lchong the. Quin 19 danh mac sin phA'rn: + He thifing hiS trq viec them, cop nhat vi x6a cac thong tin ve danh mac sin phAm. Gap ban a ding trong viec quan 19 cac sin pham. Ho trq khach mua hang: + Xay l ong giao dien de nhin vi b6 tri cac sin pham hap 19 lim sao cho khach hang co the de ding tim den sin phim ma mirth mong main. He thOng h6 trq chirc nang tim kitm sin pham met each nhanh va chinh xac that. Quin 19 gib hang: + Gib hang dien tx cho phdp ngutd mua hang c6 the ding lac ?tat mua nhieu sin phim veri cac so Sang khac nhau. Gib mua hang ltru tit cac sin phAm ma ngutri mua da chgn, cho phdp nguen mua co the xem lai nhang mat hang minh da chgn dua vio gi6, them vio gib mat hang meri hoac be bin di sin pham nio do. + De dat hang, khach hang chi can don gun kith chuOt vao sin phtim do, tat ca cac thong tin ve sin pham bao g6m gia ca, mo ta, ma sin pham hay cac thong tin khac deu dugc hr gong km tnr trong gi6 mua hang. Khi khach hang da chgn hang xong, hg chi can nhan nut that hien viec mua hang, phan mem gio mua hang se to dOng tinh toan tong sic) sin pham, thing gia tri tien thanh toan cling nhu cac chi phi van chuyen hay thue + Ngoli ra, chirc nang gi6 hing cda Framework con cho phop khkh hang chgn sin pham clua vao gin, de gi6 vao mOt ngan io va kith hang sau mOt vai ngay quay trer lai mai quyet (firth mua hok thanh toan. - pat hang: This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 5 + Qua trinh dit hang th8ng qua gib hang dien tir cho phdp thu th#p day du the thong tin cita nortri mua hoc them]) vien kern theo cac thong tin thanh than. Citc th8ng tin nay trq gitip b0 ph#n ban hang trong qui trinh quart tri va zit ly dan hang. Van chuyen: + Hg thOng h6 trq viec quirt ly cac hinh that in chuyen. Ban co the them vao cac hinh that van chuyen va 4p nh#t gia cua mOi hinh that khi an. - Khuyen mai: + Hg thong ho trq viec giant gia danh rieng cho the nhem khach hang. Ngoili ra 4 thOng ho trq viec quan 19 the Coupon giam gia. - Quart 19 don hang: + Tinh nAng quart tri cho phep nguoi quan tri ket twit cat thOng ke ve mua ban tren cac dan hang, so luting sin pham da ban ra hoc cac thinh vier lien quan den dan hang. + Ngoli ra, ngtrai quan tri co the cep nigit tinh tang zit ly dan hang kern theo the ghi chit xir 19 dan hang. Trong throng hap co nhieu ngutri ban hang, quart tri ban hang co the tiny than chuyen dan hang den cho ngtreri bin hang pha hgp. + Doi veri phia ngtrai sir (twig, khi dang ky va clang nh#p tai khoin thanh vien, co the theo del thong ke cac dan hang cua minh va trong trtremg hap dirge quart tri vien kich hoot, co the theo dOi lich sir tinh tang tar 19 dan hang. Thanh toan: + Gib hang dien to cho phep tech hap yea hau het cat cOng thanh toan dien tir phO bien hien nay nhtr Paypal.com , Authorize.net , Onepay.vn, Nganluong.vn... tir do hb trq nh#n thanh toan bang the tin dung hoc the ghi ng ngay tit website. Ket qua thanh toan dirge phan anh ngay 1#p tat vao thong tin don hang khi dOt hang. Quin 19 ngtrai dung: + Website la rat quan tang ho trq nguOi bin hang trong viec xay dung va then khai cac chuong trinh bin hang, tham do Uri truemg va xac tier khuyen mai... + H6 trg cac tinh nAng quan tri thong tin thanh vien, khach hang, cho phdp nguai quan tri quart ly danh mac, ket xuat the thong tin va theo d6i the don hang lien quan den cac thanh vien. Ngoai ra, ban than cac thanh vien cling co the clang nh#p de chinh sera cac thong tin caa minh va xem xet lich sir mua hang. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 6 Sao luu / Phut hOi: + Sao luu cho phep nguoi quan tri he thtng co the tao ban sao (backup) town b0 ca so du lieu hoc timg bang ca so da lieu. Diing died sao chop ra the thiet bj luu + Kh8i phue cho phep nguoi qua tri he thong co the khoi phuc tir nguem du lieu da sao luu trutc da (restore), toan b0 ca sfr du lieu hoc phue hti tang bang ca se du lieu. Bao met: + Framework cart cluing ta se nga chart mot each tai da cac each that VII cong nhtr: SQL injection, CRSF, XSS, spam Marketing, SEO, quan he khach hang: + Ngtrai qua tri c6 the sir dung chile nang nay de girl cac thong tin khuyen catalouge,... den khach hang. Qua 66, thac day va dua khach hag den guy& dinh thut hien viec mua san phAm cling nhir tang etrang mti quan he gicra cong ty vai khach hang. 1.5. Loi ich tir viec illy thing Framework Huron mai their' tir Co rat nhieu ly do lchac nhau de the lop trinh vien sir dung PHP framework, nhung mot trong nhung 19 do chinh van 11 kha nag giap cac lap trinh vien tag ttc qua trinh phat then Ong dung. Viec sir dung 10 the ma lenh gieng nhau trong nhieu ling dung se glair cac ban tiet kiem &we thin gian va cong sac mot each clang ke. MOt framework se sung cep sin cac module nen tang can thiet de xay dyng mot ling dung, vi the, cac lap trinh vien co the ten dung duge thai gian de phat trim the ling dyng thyt te, hen la mat thai gian de xay chmg lai nen tang tren moi project. Sr On dinh la mot 19 do lem dti vai the lap trinh vien dang sir dung Framework. Tirth den gian la mat diem mph tha PHP, d6 la 19 do tai sao lai co nhieu ngutri thich sir dung no, nhung clang thei do cling la diem yeu etia no. PHP thi kha de hoc vi sfr dung, dee biet la dti vai nhung nguiri mai lam quen yeti lop trinh, tuy nhien, ha co the thtremg xuye'n viet ma mot each khong khoa hac va them chi khong he nhen thire duce dieu nay, yeti PHP, trong nhieu trtrang hap the (mg dung van se lam viec dug; nhung vo tinh ha co the tao ra cac 1& hOng bao met lan trong ma lenh elm minh, va bi hacker khai thic. HA'u het cac PHP framework deu co sin rat nhieu thanh phAn ma rang (extention), va cling et rat nhieu framework khac nhau de chting ta lya chem. Chimg ta them chi con et the to viet rieng cho minh mot framework. Tuy nhien, chang ta nen can nhic ky tnrac khi quyet dinh sir dung hoc ty phat then mat framework cho minh hay khong, nen ty det cau hal cho chinh minh la: NO co tiet kiem duce cho ban thai This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 7 gian va cong sac hay kh8ng ? CO glop arng clang ban hoat dOng Mt hun thong ? Co di thin &nye sv On dinh cho frng clang khong ? This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 8 PHAN 2. TONG QUAN VE DESIGN PARTTERN VA MO HINH MVC CO nhieu each khac nhau de xay dvng vi thiet ke mOt Framework. Trong khoa luan nay, chung ta se xay clang mOt Framework de sit dvng va de hieu. Trong phat trien phan mem hien dai, kien true tong the coa dir in dang mOt vai fro quan tang, dac biet yeti bO khung (framework) va mau thiet ke (design pattern). 2.1. Man thiet ice (Design Patterns) Pattern me ti mOt giai phap chung doi voi mOt van de nao do trong thiet ke thuing dugc "lap lai" trong nhieu dv an. Nei mOt each khac, mOt pattern ce the dugc xem nhu meta "khuon mic e co sin ap dung dugc cho nhieu tinh hireling khac nhau de giai guy& mOt van de cu the. Trong bat kt he thOng phan mem nao chimg ta cling co the bit gap cac van de lap lai. 2.1.1. Nic Sim cluing Pattern dugc hieu theo nghia tai sit dung 9 tiring han la ma lenh. Pattern cho phep cac nha thiet ke co the cling ngOi lai vol nhau va cling giai quyet mOt van de nao di ma khong phai mat nhieu thin gian tranh cai. Trong rat nhieu fruiting hap, dv an pilaff mem that bii la do cac nha phat trien kh8ng co dirge sir hieu biet chung trong cac van de ve kien talc phan mem. Ngoai ra, pattern cling cung cap nhitng thuat ng>r va khai niem chung trong thiet ke. Noi mOt each don gian, khi de cap den mOt pattern nao day, bat k9 ai biet pattern do deu co the nhanh ching hinh dung ra "bfrc tranh" cfm giai phap. Va cuei cling, neu dp clang pattern hieu qua thi viec bao tri phan mem cling dugc lien hanh thuan lyi han, nim bit kien trim he thong nhanh han. Pattern ha try tai sit clang kien tnic va mo hinh thiet ke phan mem theo quy mo lin. Can phan biet design pattern vai framework. Framework hti try tai sir clang mo hinh thiet ke va ma nguon 6 mire chi tiet han. Trong khi d6, design pattern dirge van dvng o mule ding quit han, giup cac nha phat then hinh dung va ghi nhan cac cAu frac tinh va dOng sung nhu quan he tircmg tic gifts cac giai phap trong qua trinh thiet ke ling dvng dei yeti mgt chuyen khu rieng biet. Pattern da tuang thick. Pattern khong phv thuOc vio ng8n ngfr lap trinh. 2.1.2. Ph& logi Pattern Pattern dirge phan loaf ra lam 3 Whom chinh sau day: - Nhom eau thanh (Creational Pattern): Gem Factory, Abstract Factory, Singleton, Prototype, Builder... Lien quan den qua trinh kited Mo doi Wang cu the tir mOt dinh nghia triru tugng (abstract class, interface). This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 9 - Nham cau trim tinh (Structural Pattern): Gam Proxy, Adapter, Wrapper, Bridge, Facade, Flyweight, Visitor... Lien quan den van de lam the nao de the 16p vi did Wong keit hop veld nhau tao thanh the cAu true len lion. - Nhern trong tic dOng (Behavioral Pattern): Gram Observer, State, Command, Iterator... M6 ta each thirc de de 16p hale doi tugng co the giao titp yeti nhau. 2.1.3. Cdc mtia miet ki thaw sir (long trong Framework - Model — View — Controller (MVC). - Registry. - Singleton. a. Model View Controller (MVC): — — Ma hinh MVC (Model - View - Controller) la mOt kien true phan mem hay ma hinh thiet ke dirge sir dung trong ky thuat phan mem. NO gulp cho cac nhi phat trien Lich img dung dm hg ra 3 thanh phan khic nhau Model, View vi Controller. M8i thanh phan co met nhiem vu rieng biet va do'c lap yr% the thinh phan khk. b. Singleton - Khi phat trien met img dung web, co mOt van de khien chimg ta phai suy nghi, 46 Ii lam sao de co met 16p (class) chi co chinh xk mot the hien (instance), the hien de e6 the truy cap tir bat cir dim trong pham vi ling dung vi ddc biet chang ta khong mulin sir dung bien town cue (global variable) vi mOt s6 bat lqi cita bien toan cue, vi du nhu khi chting ta main kiem tra met each chi ti'et chuong trinh va muon biet bien town cue doge sir dung the nao thi chitng ta se phai xem xet chi tiet tirng clang code trong m8i file bed ddc diem dm bien tom cue la no co the dirge sir dung 6 bat 14 dau trong chuong trinh, viec 46 se khien chfing ta mat rat nhieu died gian. Han nal, vide sir dung bien than cue rat nguy hiem vi gia tri cua ne c6 the dirge thay dOi 6 bit cir ham nao m8i khi ham da dirge goi va chimg ta rat kh6 kiem sok dirge chuyen gi dang xay ra yeti bien town cue. DO la hie ma Singleton co the giup ta giai quyet nhimg van de tren. Singleton la mOt design pattern dirge sir dung khi plui toren trong ck Framework. NO dua ra each thi'et ke de dim bao ring chi tao ra khong qua mOt the hien ctia mOt lerp va the hien nay co the throe truy cop tir bit cir dau. N6 thuong dirge sir dung cho the dad tugng nhu eau hinh he thOng, ket not co so dit lieu... c. Registry - La mOt trong nhirng pattern eat him ich. Ta coi n6 nhu melt chiec gi6; sir dung Registry ban co the them dir lieu (ca gia tri va dai tugng) vao cdi gi6, va truy This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 10 xuat chang khi duqc you ciu tir cac phin lduic dm met img dung. Khi moi du lieu nhu the drat dieu khien Uri met ea tuqng Registry duy nhilt (single), no lam cho vies truyen alit lieu va den tuctg xung quanh meting dung dan gian han rat nhieu so voi viec truyen tit tit nhemg der lieu ay nhu met tham s6 rieng tu (individual) vao met phuang that kWh tao hay cid eat. Trong met hinh that (fashion) tuang ta, Registry c6 the thay the cho nhu cau phai c6 tat ca 461 ttrqng ban can tray cap totm cut ten ma thii ttrqng 46 hoat Ong nhu met Singleton. + Chinh Registry vira c6 the duqc truyen vao (passed around) nhu met tham s6 vira c6 the duqc chuyen thanh Singleton de cho phep truy cop town cut to5i no tir bit cir nai eau trong ang dung. O dau n6 duqc sir dung de thay the nhieu Singleton, n6 c6 the thay the nhu cau phai biet ten moi 16p rieng dieu lim cho viec sat clung lai cat 16p trong cac img dung khk de ding han. + Registry pattern cho phep luu tre . va truy xuat de. lieu. Cac dei tucmg an phai truy cap tok cat tap trung trong met dei ttrqng duy nhat. Met lOp Registry thong thtrtmg bao gem ben phuang that: ghi du lieu (set), truy xuat ear lieu (get), huji (unset), kiem tra sa ton tai cua 46i arcing (isset). Trong PHP 5.1, chi mg ta c6 the sit dung cat phuang that ma thuat (magic method) de the hien cat phuang thirc tren met cach dang. Mo hinh ket luyp Singleton & Registry Thay vi chimg ta phai truyen Registry nhu met tham se kb% tao thi chGng ta se bien 46i tucng Registry trer thinh met dei ham Singleton. Su bien depi nay rat dan gian, chin ta chi can them met phuang that Singleton() kieu static. 2.2. Mt) hinh Singleton vi Registry 2.2.1. Singleton De hieu re han ve Singleton, chang ta se Wang tutng met lap hgc co Mn sinh vien va ben sinh vien nay se phai diem dank de giao vien ghi ten vac, s6. Doan code duti day se the hien cong viec tren theo citch thong thutmg. name = 'Nguyen Bao Trung'; self::$numberofinstances ++; echo 1 , st, gido vien:'. self::$ number of instances.
'; } public function TakeAttendance($studentName) { echo $studentName. 'co mdt.
'; 1 } class Student private $ name; private $_teacher; public function construct($name) { $this-> name = $name; $this-> teacher = new Teacher(); } public function ShoutYourName() $this-> teacher->TakeAttendance($this-> name); } } /* End of file singleton.php */ /* Location:.//D/root/test/singleton.php */ Doan code a tren khai IA° hai lop (class): Teacher vA Student. Lop Teacher co melt bien kieu rieng to (private) S_name vi hai phircrng thac public — cAu tai kheri tao This is trial version www.adultpdf.com Trang 12