ĈҤ,+Ӑ&48Ӕ&*,$TP. HCM
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&%È&+.+2$
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48È75Î1+Ă10Ñ1&Ӫ$7+e3;Æ<'ӴNG
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&KX\rQQJjQK Kӻ thuұt Vұt liӋu
0mVӕ:
8520309
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&iQEӝ Kѭӟng dүn khoa hӑF 769NJ$QK4XDQJ
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&iQEӝ Kѭӟng dүn khoa hӑF 3*676/r9ăQ7KăQJ
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LuұQ YăQ WKҥF Vƭ ÿѭӧc bҧo vӋ tҥL 7UѭӡQJ Ĉҥi hӑF %iFK .KRD Ĉ*4*-HCM
QJj\WKiQJQăP (Trӵc tuyӃn).
7KjQKSKҫn HӝLÿӗQJÿiQKJLiOXұQYăQWKҥFVƭJӗm:
1. *676.+/ѭX&ҭm Lӝc
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CHӪ TӎCH HӜ,ĈӖNG
75ѬӢNG KHOA
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*676.+/Ѭ8&ҬM LӜC
PGS.TS. HUǣ1+ĈҤ,3+Ò
ĈҤI HӐC QUӔC GIA TP.HCM
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤI HӐ&%È&+.+2$
CӜ1*+Ñ$;+ӜI CHӪ 1*+Ƭ$9,ӊT NAM
Ĉӝc lұp - Tӵ do - HҥQKSK~F
NHIӊM VӨ LUҰN 9Ă17+Ҥ&6Ƭ
Hӑ WrQKӑFYLrQ Phҥm NgӑF7KjQK
1Jj\WKiQJQăPVLQK 06/08/1997
&KX\rQQJjQK Kӻ thuұt Vұt liӋu
MSHV: 1970461
1ѫLVLQK TP.HCM
0mVӕ : 8520309
7Ç1Ĉӄ 7¬,
TiӃng ViӋt: ThiӃt kӃ YjP{SKӓng sӕ TXiWUuQKăQPzQFӫDWKpS[k\Gӵng trong
thӫy triӅu biӇn
TiӃng Anh: Design and numerical simulation of constructional steel corrosion
in tidal marine environment
II. NHIӊM VӨ 9¬1ӜI DUNG
1. 7uP NLӃP Yj SKkQ WtFK [ӱ Oê Gӳ liӋu thӫy triӅu biӇn [iF ÿӏQK WtQK FKҩW Yj
KjQKYLFӫDOѭXFKҩt.
2. ;k\Gӵng m{KuQK (tӯ ÿѫQJLҧQÿӃn phӭc tҥS P{SKӓQJTXiWUuQKOѭXFKҩt,
WuPNLӃPWK{QJVӕ KyDOêYjNKҧRViWWiFÿӝQJăQPzQFӫa tӯng yӃu tӕ ULrQJ
biӋt (thӫy triӅu, sҧn phҭPăQPzQGzQJFKҧy) bҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiSSKҫn tӱ hӳu
hҥQ[iFÿӏQKFiFSKҧn ӭQJÿLӋQKyDYjKyDKӑc xҧ\UDWURQJTXiWUuQKăQPzQ
WKpSWURQJÿLӅu kiӋn thӫy triӅu biӇn.
3. Xӱ OêVӕ liӋu, tәng hӧSYjSKkQWtFKNӃt quҧ, [iFÿӏnh FѫFKӃ ăQPzQYjFiF
yӃu tӕ ҧQKKѭӣQJWURQJÿLӅu kiӋn thӫy triӅu biӇn.
4. Soҥn thҧRYj[Xҩt bҧQEjLEiRNKRDKӑc.
5. Soҥn thҧRYjEiRFio luұQYăQWӕt nghiӋp.
III. 1*¬<*,$21+,ӊM VӨ: 21/09/2020
IV. 1*¬<+2¬17+¬1+1+,ӊM VӨ: 14/08/2021
V. &È1%Ӝ +ѬӞNG DҮN
CBHD 1: 769NJ$QK4XDQJ
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tin cұy cao.
iii
ABSTRACT
This study has investigated the roles of differential aeration on corrosion
EHKDYLRUV RI FRQVWUXFWLRQ VWHHO SLSH SLOH LQ 9LHWQDP¶V VHDZDWHU HQYLURQPHQW 7KH
causes of differential aeration were considered to be the tidal, the seawater flow and
the cover of corrosion product layer. The well aeration led to anode-FDWKRGHFRXSOHV¶
formation and differed the corrosion rate between places. The horizontal differential
aeration was attributed to seawater flow and fairly resulted in uniform corrosion except
in the wake region where steel is less corroded. Therefore, the severe corrosion of steel
in the tidal zone was attributed to the vertical differential aeration. In which, the
corrosion product layer prevented the corrosion by reducing or constraining the
oxygen diffusion process. The flooding tidal enhanced the corrosion near the water
surface due to fast transport of a large amount of oxygen. Besides, the ebbing tidal
could also forms a thin electrolyte layer on the steel surface which accelerated the
corrosion. This study also proposed a convenient way to modelling the instant
appearance/disappearance of the electrolyte at the steel surface under tidal flood/ebb
phase on a 2D plane. The model will be improved to handle the investigation of above
IDFWRUV¶VLPXOWDneous impact and aim for a high reliability prediction of life span.
iv
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bҩt kǤ mӝt nguӗQQjRYjGѭӟi bҩt kǤ KuQKWKӭFQjR9LӋc tham khҧRFiFQJXӗQWji liӋu
(nӃXFy ÿmÿѭӧc thӵc hiӋQWUtFKGүQYjJKLQJXӗQWjLOLӋu tham khҧRÿ~QJTX\ÿӏnh.
Tp. Hӗ &Kt0LQKQJj\WKiQJ QăP
HӑFYLrQ
Phҥm NgӑF7KjQK
v
MӨC LӨC
NhiӋm vө luұQYăQWKҥFVƭ ................................................................................................ i
Lӡi cҧPѫQ .......................................................................................................................ii
7yPWҳt .......................................................................................................................... iii
Abstract ........................................................................................................................... iv
LӡLFDPÿRDQ ................................................................................................................... v
Mөc lөc ........................................................................................................................... vi
Danh mөFKuQK ҧnh ........................................................................................................xii
Danh mөc bҧng biӇu ..................................................................................................... xvi
&+ѬѪ1* *,ӞI THIӊU TӘNG QUAN ................................................................. 1
1.1. ĈҺT VҨ1Ĉӄ ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1.
Nhu cҫu vұt liӋXWKpSYjF{QJWUuQKFҧng biӇn .............................................. 1
1.1.2.
7iFÿӝng cӫDăQPzQÿӃn nӅn kinh tӃ ............................................................ 3
1.2. TӘ1*48$17¬,/,ӊU ..................................................................................... 5
1.2.1.
1JKLrQFӭXFѫFKӃ YjKҥn chӃ cӫa phѭѫQJSKiSWKӵc nghiӋm .................... 5
1.2.2.
0{SKӓQJYjOӧLtFKFӫDP{SKӓQJWURQJQJKLrQFӭu khoa hӑc .................. 7
1.2.3.
1JKLrQFӭXăQPzQEҵQJP{SKӓng sӕ .......................................................... 8
1.3. MӨ&7,Ç8Ĉӄ 7¬, ............................................................................................. 8
1.4. CҨ875Ò&/8Ұ19Ă1 ..................................................................................... 9
&+ѬѪ1* Ă10Ñ1 ............................................................................................... 10
2.1. Ă10Ñ1.,0/2ҤI ......................................................................................... 10
3KkQORҥi .......................................................................................................... 10
2.1.1.
2.1.1.1.
Theo b̫n ch̭t .............................................................................................. 10
a) ĂQPzQKRiK͕c............................................................................................ 10
vi
b) ĂQPzQÿL͏QKRi .......................................................................................... 13
7KHRÿL͉u ki͏QSK˯LQKL͍m ......................................................................... 15
2.1.1.2.
a) 7URQJNKtTX\͋n bi͋n.................................................................................... 15
b) 7URQJQ˱ͣc bi͋n ........................................................................................... 15
7KHRÿ̿FWtQKSKiKXͽ b͉ m̿t .................................................................... 16
2.1.1.3.
a) ĂQPzQÿ͉u................................................................................................... 16
b) ĂQPzQFͭFE͡ .............................................................................................. 17
c) ĂQPzQ*DOYDQLF .......................................................................................... 17
d) ĂQPzQO͟ ..................................................................................................... 18
e) ĂQPzQNKH ................................................................................................... 19
f)
ĂQPzQFK͕n l͕c ........................................................................................... 19
g) ĂQPzQWLQKJLͣi ........................................................................................... 20
h) ĂQPzQGRPjLPzQ ..................................................................................... 21
2.2. 7+e3;Æ<'Ӵ1*9¬6Ӵ Ă10Ñ17521*0Ð,75ѬӠNG BIӆN ....... 22
2.2.1.
7KpS[k\Gӵng ................................................................................................ 22
2.2.1.1.
7KjQKSK̯QKyD .......................................................................................... 22
2.2.1.2.
7KjQKSK̯n pha .......................................................................................... 22
2.2.2.
Thӫy triӅu biӇn ............................................................................................... 22
2.2.3.
Sӵ ăQPzQFӫDWKpS ........................................................................................ 25
2.2.4.
KhuӃFKWiQWURQJSKD[ӕp ............................................................................. 26
2.3. 3+ѬѪ1*3+È33+ҪN TӰ HӲU HҤN ......................................................... 28
2.3.1.
Giӟi thiӋu ......................................................................................................... 28
2.3.2.
Bұc cӫa phҫn tӱ .............................................................................................. 29
2.3.3.
3KѭѫQJSKiSWKHRG}LUDQKJLӟi chuyӇQÿӝng tӵ do ................................... 29
2.3.3.1.
3K˱˯QJSKiSW̵p mͱc................................................................................. 31
vii
2.3.3.2.
2.3.4.
Ph˱˯QJSKiSWU˱ͥng pha ........................................................................... 32
3KѭѫQJSKiSSKҫn tӱ hӳu hҥQWURQJÿLӋQKyDKӑc .................................... 35
2.3.4.1.
3K˱˯QJWUuQK1HUQVW-Planck ...................................................................... 35
2.3.4.2.
ĈL͉u ki͏QELrQ ............................................................................................. 37
2.3.4.3.
H͏ s͙ khu͇FKWiQKL͏u dͭng ....................................................................... 38
2.3.5.
3KѭѫQJSKiSSKҫn tӱ hӳu hҥQWURQJFѫOѭXFKҩt....................................... 39
2.3.5.1.
H͏ s͙ Reynold .............................................................................................. 39
2.3.5.2.
3K˱˯QJWUuQK1DYLHU-6WRNHVWUXQJEuQKWKHR5H\QROG ............................. 39
2.3.5.3.
0{KuQKFK̫y r͙i k-İWLrXFKX̱n ................................................................ 40
2.3.5.4.
ĈL͉u ki͏QELrQ ............................................................................................. 40
2.4. 3+ѬѪ1*3+È3ĈÈ1+*,È ........................................................................... 41
2.4.1.
3KѭѫQJSKiSÿREӅ Gj\VLrXkP ................................................................... 41
2.4.2.
3KѭѫQJSKiSSKkQWtFK6(0-EDX .............................................................. 42
C+ѬѪ1*3: THӴC NGHIӊM.................................................................................. 44
3.1. XӰ /é'Ӳ LIӊU THӪY TRIӄU ...................................................................... 44
3.2. THӰ NGHIӊM THӴ&ĈӎA .............................................................................. 45
3.2.1.
Vұt liӋXYjFKXҭn bӏ mүu ............................................................................... 45
3.2.2.
LҳSÿһt mүXYjÿiQKJLi ............................................................................... 45
3.3. 0Ð+Î1+THӪY TRIӄ89¬6Ï1*ĈÈ1+ .................................................. 46
3.3.1.
3KѭѫQJWUuQKNLӇPVRiW ................................................................................. 47
3.3.2.
CҩXWU~FP{KuQK ............................................................................................ 47
3.4. TIӂ175Î1+.+Ҧ26È79¬48<75Î1+;Æ<'Ӵ1*0Ð+Î1+ ....... 49
3.4.1.
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3.4.2.
4X\WUuQK[k\GӵQJP{KuQK ......................................................................... 52
3.5. 0Ð+Î1+7+ӪY TRIӄU.................................................................................. 53
viii
3.5.1.
3KѭѫQJWUuQKNLӇPVRiW ................................................................................. 54
3.5.2.
Nguӗn bә VXQJR[\YjROӟp khuӃFKWiQWӯ ranh giӟi pha lӓng ± NKt ......... 54
3.5.3.
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3.5.3.1.
0{KuQKUDQKJLͣLSKDWƭQK± ELrQQ͛QJÿ͡ .............................................. 58
3.5.3.2.
0{KuQKUDQKJLͣLSKDWƭQK± ranh giͣi t do ........................................... 58
3.5.3.3.
0{KuQKUDQKJLͣLSKDÿ͡ng ± ranh giͣi t do.......................................... 60
3.6. 0Ð+Î1+/ӞP SҦN PHҬ0Ă10Ñ1 ........................................................... 62
3.6.1.
3KѭѫQJWUuQKNLӇPVRiW ................................................................................. 63
3.6.2.
CҩXWU~FP{KuQK ............................................................................................ 63
3.6.2.1.
.K{QJNK̫RViWSK̫n ͱQJSKkQO\Q˱ͣc.................................................... 63
3.6.2.2.
&yNK̫RViWSK̫n ͱQJSKkQO\Q˱ͣc .......................................................... 65
3.7. 0Ð+Î1+'Ñ1*&+ҦY .................................................................................. 66
3.7.1.
3KѭѫQJWUuQKNLӇPVRiW ................................................................................. 66
3.7.2.
CҩXWU~FP{KuQK ............................................................................................ 66
&+ѬѪ1*4: KӂT QUҦ ............................................................................................. 68
4.1. XӰ Lé'Ӳ LIӊU THӪY TRIӄU ...................................................................... 68
4.1.1.
1ăP ......................................................................................................... 68
4.1.2.
1ăP ......................................................................................................... 68
4.2. THӰ NGHIӊM THӴ&ĈӎA .............................................................................. 71
4.2.1.
KhuyӃt tұWăQPzQ .......................................................................................... 71
4.2.2.
3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ ăQPzQ ................................................................................... 72
4.2.3.
Sҧn phҭPăQPzQ ........................................................................................... 74
4.2.4.
KӃt luұn ........................................................................................................... 76
4.3. 0Ð+Î1+THӪY TRIӄ89¬6Ï1*ĈÈ1+ .................................................. 77
4.3.1.
3KkQEӕ mұWÿӝ GzQJÿLӋQYjWӕFÿӝ ăQPzQ ............................................... 77
ix
4.3.2.
ĈyQJJySFӫa lӟSÿLӋn ly mӓQJYjNKXYӵFSKkQFӵc cathode chӫ
yӃu gҫn mһWQѭӟc............................................................................................ 79
4.3.3.
TrҥQJWKiLFkQEҵng khuӃFKWiQR[\ ............................................................ 79
4.3.4.
KӃt luұn ........................................................................................................... 81
4.4. 0Ð+Î1+7+ӪY TRIӄU.................................................................................. 82
4.4.1.
%ѭӟc nhҧy thӡLJLDQWiLWҥo nӗQJÿӝ cҩu tӱ ................................................. 82
4.4.2.
3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ R[\KzDWDQYjWiFÿӝng cӫa thӫy triӅu ........................... 84
4.4.3.
3KkQEӕ mұWÿӝ GzQJÿLӋn cӫDFiFTXiWUuQKÿLӋn cӵc ............................... 86
4.4.3.1.
M̵Wÿ͡ GzQJÿL͏n anode .............................................................................. 86
4.4.3.2.
M̵Wÿ͡ GzQJÿL͏n cathode ........................................................................... 87
4.4.4.
*KpSFһp anode ± cathode gҫn ranh giӟi pha .............................................. 88
4.4.5.
3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ ăQPzQ ................................................................................... 89
4.4.6.
KӃt luұn ........................................................................................................... 90
4.5. 0Ð+Î1+/ӞP SҦN PHҬ0Ă10Ñ1 ........................................................... 90
4.5.1.
Sӵ SKiWWULӇn cӫa pha sҧn phҭPăQPzQ ..................................................... 90
4.5.2.
3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ FiFFҩu tӱ ........................................................................... 92
4.5.3.
3KkQEӕ mұWÿӝ GzQJÿLӋn cӫDFiFTXiWUuQKÿLӋn cӵFYjWӕFÿӝ ăQPzQ . 99
4.5.4.
;XKѭӟQJSKiWWULӇn cӫa lӟp sҧn phҭPăQPzQ ........................................ 101
4.5.5.
KӃt luұn ......................................................................................................... 102
4.6. 0Ð+Î1+'Ñ1*&+ҦY ................................................................................ 103
4.6.1.
3KkQEӕ vұn tӕc............................................................................................. 103
4.6.2.
3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ ........................................................................................... 106
4.6.3.
3KkQEӕ mұWÿӝ GzQJÿLӋQYjWӕFÿӝ ăQPzQ ............................................. 110
4.6.4.
KӃt luұn ......................................................................................................... 112
&+ѬѪ1* .ӂT LUҰ19¬+ѬӞNG 3+È775,ӆN........................................ 113
x
Danh mөFFiFF{QJWUuQKNKRDKӑc ............................................................................. 116
7jLOLӋu tham khҧo ....................................................................................................... 117
xi
DANH MӨ&+Î1+ҦNH
+uQK
BiӇXÿӗ SKkQEӕ FiFNKXF{QJQJKLӋSWUrQFҧ Qѭӟc .................................... 1
+uQK
BiӇXÿӗ sҧQOѭӧQJFiFORҥLWKpSFӫD+zD3KiWQăP............................ 2
+uQK
7uQKKuQKVҧn xuҩWWKpSWKjQKSKҭm tӯ WKiQJÿӃn 3/2021 ............ 3
+uQK 7uQKKuQKEiQKjQJWKpSWKjQKSKҭm tӯ WKiQJÿӃn 3/2021 ........... 3
+uQK &KLSKtWUӵc tiӃp cho vҩQÿӅ ăQPzQWҥi Trung QuӕFYjRQăP ........... 4
+uQK &iFFӑc ӕQJWKpS[k\Gӵng tҥRYjQKÿDLQJăQQѭӟc quDQKFKkQFҫu ......... 4
HuQK CҩX WU~F PjQJ oxit KuQK WKjQK WUrQ EӅ mһt sҳt ӣ FiF QKLӋW ÿӝ NKiF
nhau. ........................................................................................................... 13
+uQK &ѫFKӃăQPzQÿLӋQKyDFӫDWKpSWURQJP{LWUѭӡQJÿLӋQOL-JLӑWQѭӟF
PXӕL .......................................................................................................... 14
+uQK Mӝt sӕ dҥQJăQPzQWUrQNLPORҥi. ............................................................ 16
+uQK:
&iFGҥng lӛ GRăQPzQWUrQYұt liӋu (mһt cҳt) ........................................... 18
+uQK 6ѫÿӗ ăQPzQNKH +uQKWKjQKNKH D &ѫFKӃ ăQPzQNKH E .............. 19
+uQK ĂQPzQFKӑn lӑc hӧp kim Cu-Zn .............................................................. 20
+uQK &iFYӏ WUtPӵFQѭӟFWURQJFKXNuWULӅu. ...................................................... 23
+uQK Dҥng ellipsoid cӫa thӫy triӅX WUrQ WUiL ÿҩW GѭӟL WiF ÿӝng cӫa mһt
WUăQJ D /ӵc hҩp dүn, (b) LӵFO\WkP F /ӵc hҩp dүQYjOӵFO\WkP .... 24
+uQK Ĉӗ thӏ biӇu diӉQăQPzQFӫDWKpSWURQJWӯQJYQJNKiFQKDX .................. 25
+uQK2.10 Ĉѭӡng cong cho hӋ sӕ ݇ெ Yj݇ . ................................................................ 27
+uQh 2.11 +uQKPLQKKӑa ranh giӟi di chuyӇn ............................................................. 30
+uQK2.12 0{Wҧ FѫFKӃ KuQKWKjQKNKiLQLӋm hӋ sӕ khuӃFKWiQKLӋu dөng ................ 38
+uQK2.13: 1JX\rQOêOjPYLӋc cӫDÿҫXGzVLrXkPÿREӅ Gj\ ..................................... 42
+uQK2.14: 7ѭѫQJWiFJLӳDWLD;YjÿLӋn tӱ WUrQOӟp vӓ QJX\rQWӱ ............................... 43
xii
+uQK3.1:
Mӵc thӫy triӅu theo giӡ WURQJWKiQJQăP ..................................... 44
+uQK2:
6ѫÿӗ bӕ WUt D Vѫÿӗ thӵc hiӋQSKpSÿRVLrXkP E YjNKX\Ӄt tұt do
ăQPzQWURQJYQJQJұSKRjQWRjQ F ..................................................... 46
+uQK3.3:
.tFK WKѭӟc cӫD P{ KuQK D FKX NǤ thӫy triӅX Yj Yұn tӕF GkQJ Kҥ
theo thӡi gian (b); cҩXWU~FKuQKKӑFÿLӅu kiӋQELrQYjOѭӟi phҫn tӱ
cӫa cӫDP{KuQK F YjFKLWLӃt cӫDYQJVyQJÿiQK G ........................... 47
+uQK3.4:
TiӃQWUuQKNKҧRViWFiFWiFQKkQP{LWUѭӡng.............................................. 50
+uQK3.5:
4X\WUuQKWӯQJEѭӟFQJKLrQFӭXYjKRjQWKLӋn mӝWP{KuQKsӕ ............... 50
+uQK3.6:
3KiFKӑDFiFSKDYұt chҩWYjÿӕLWѭӧng khҧRViWWURQJP{KuQK ............... 53
+uQK3.7:
Minh hӑa sӵ thiӃu hөt cҩu tӱ dүQÿLӋn khi thӫy triӅXGkQJOrQ ................. 53
+uQK3.8:
0{KuQKUDQKJLӟLSKDWƭQK± ELrQQӗQJÿӝ ............................................... 58
+uQK3.9:
0{KuQKUDQKJLӟLSKDWƭQK± ranh giӟi tӵ do............................................. 59
+uQK3.10: 0{KuQKUDQKJLӟLSKDÿӝng ± ranh giӟi tӵ do ........................................... 61
+uQK3.11: Chu kǤ thӫy triӅXYjYұn tӕFGkQJKҥ ....................................................... 61
+uQK3.12: Vӏ WUtPһWQѭӟc theo thӡi gian trong tӯQJEѭӟc giҧi .................................. 62
+uQK3.13: .tFKWKѭӟFKuQKKӑFYjÿLӅu kiӋQELrQFӫDP{KuQK ................................. 63
+unh 3.14: CҩXWU~FKuQKKӑFÿLӅu kiӋQELrQYjOѭӟi phҫn tӱ cӫDP{KuQK ................ 67
+uQK4.1:
KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKPӵc thӫy triӅXQăP .............................................. 68
+uQK4.2:
KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKWKӫy triӅXÿҫXQăP .............................................. 69
+uQK4.3:
KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKWKӫy triӅu giӳDQăP ............................................. 69
+uQK4.4:
KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKWKӫy triӅu cuӕLQăP .............................................. 70
+uQK4.5:
KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKWKӫy triӅXQăP ..................................................... 70
+uQK4.6:
6RViQKNӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKWKӫy triӅXFiFJLDLÿRҥQWURQJQăP ........ 71
xiii
+uQK4.7:
3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ ăQPzQFӫa mүX D Vѫÿӗ tҥRWKjQKYjFKX\ӇQKya
cӫa sҧn phҭPăQPzQFӫDWKpSFDUERQWURQJP{LWUѭӡng hiӃXNKtYjNӏ
NKt (b) ........................................................................................................... 72
+uQK4.8:
Ҧnh cҩXWU~FWӃ vi sҧn phҭPăQPzQFӫa cӑFWKpS.................................... 74
+uQK9:
3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ ăQPzQWKHRNӃt quҧ thӵc nghiӋPYjP{SKӓng (a),
mұWÿӝ GzQJÿLӋn tәng jFe+ jO2 (b), aQRGHM)H F YjFDWKRGHM2
(d) trong 8 giӡ ÿҫu cӫa thӫy triӅu. ............................................................. 77
+uQK10: NӗQJÿӝ R[\KzDWDQWҥi mӵFQѭӟFUzQJWURQJJLӡ ÿҫX GkQJOrQ
Yj
8 giӡ VDXFQJ Kҥ xuӕng) cӫa chu kǤ thӫy triӅu. ...................................... 80
+uQK11: NӗQJÿӝ oxy tҥi vӏ WUtFyWӑDÿӝ (0,2; ±0,2) mm theo thӡi gian ................. 83
+uQK12: NӗQJ ÿӝ oxy tҥi vӏ WUt ± PP VDX JLk\ FӫD FiF Oӡi giҧi
cho dt .......................................................................................................... 83
+uQK13: 6RViQKSKkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy tҥi tӯ bӅ mһWWKpSUDOӟp khuӃFKWiQWҥi
vӏ WUtFiFKPһWQѭӟc 0,2 mm (t = 100 s) giӳDKDLP{KuQK ........................ 84
+uQh 4.14: 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ O2 theo chu kǤ thӫy triӅu. .............................................. 85
+uQK15: BiӇXÿӗ mұWÿӝ GzQJDQRGHWKHRWKӡi gian. ............................................... 86
+uQK16: BiӇXÿӗ mұWÿӝ GzQJFDWKRGHWKHRWKӡi gian. ............................................ 87
+uQK17: TӕFÿӝ ăQPzQWUXQJEuQKFӫDWKpSWKHRP{KuQKWKӫy triӅu hiӋn tҥi,
P{KuQKVyQJÿiQKYjWKӵFÿӏD QăP ..................................................... 89
+uQK18: Ĉӝ Gj\Oӟp sҧn phҭPăQPzQWUrQEӅ mһWÿLӋn cӵFWURQJKDLWUѭӡng
hӧSNK{QJFyYjFySKҧn ӭQJSKkQO\Qѭӟc .............................................. 91
+uQK19 : DiӉn biӃQSKkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy trong miӅn cӫDKDLP{KuQK .................... 93
+uQK20: 3KkQEӕ thӃ dung dӏch tҥLJLk\WKӭ 10. ...................................................... 97
+uQK21 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ Fe2+ tҥLJLk\WKӭ 10. ......................................................... 97
+uQK22 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ OH± tҥLJLk\WKӭ 10 .......................................................... 98
+uQK23 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ tҥLJLk\WKӭ JLk\Gѭӟi dҥQJ{PjXYjOѭӟLPjX ......... 98
xiv
+uQK24: KӃt quҧ cӫDP{KuQKNK{QJFySKҧn ӭnJSKkQO\Qѭӟc: vӏ WUtUDQKJLӟi
SKkQFKLDSKDWKHRWKӡLJLDQ D SKkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ ăQPzQWUXQJEuQK
(b), mұW ÿӝ GzQJ DQRGH WKHR WKӡi gian (d), mұW ÿӝ GzQJ DQRGH Fӫa
ULrQJWKӡLÿLӇPV G YjPұWÿӝ GzQJFDWKRGH H ............................... 100
+uQK25: KӃt quҧ cӫD P{ KuQK NK{QJ Fy SKҧn ӭQJ SKkQ O\ Qѭӟc: vӏ WUt UDQK
giӟLSKkQFKLDSKDWKHRWKӡLJLDQ D SKkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ ăQ PzQWUXQJ
EuQK E PұWÿӝ GzQJ DQRGHWKHRWKӡi gian (d), mұWÿӝ GzQJDQRGH
cӫDULrQJWKӡLÿLӇPV G YjPұWÿӝ GzQJFDWKRGH H ........................ 100
+uQK26: Ĉӝ Gj\ Oӟp sҧn phҭP ăQ PzQ WҥL ÿӝ VkX PP ErQ Gѭӟi mһW Qѭӟc
theo thӡi gian cӫDKDLP{KuQKFyYjNK{QJFySKkQOӷ Qѭӟc ................. 101
+uQK27: 3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ GzQJFKҧy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1. ....................... 104
+uQK28: 3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ GzQJFKҧy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ........................ 104
+uQK29: 3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ GzQJFKҧy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ........................ 105
+uQK30: 3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ GzQJFKҧy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ........................ 105
+uQK31: 3KkQEӕ tӕFÿӝ GzQJFKҧy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ........................ 106
+uQK32 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ................................. 107
+uQK33 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ................................. 107
+uQK34 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ................................. 108
+uQK35 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ................................. 108
+uQK36 3KkQEӕ nӗQJÿӝ oxy vӟi vұn tӕFÿҫXYjROjPV-1 ................................. 108
+uQK37: BiӇXÿӗ nӗQJÿӝ oxy cӵc tiӇu theo vұn tӕFÿҫXYjR D SKkQEӕ nӗng
ÿӝ R[\ ÿҵng sau cӑF WKpS Yӟi vұn tӕF GzQJ FKҧ\ ÿҫX YjR Oj E
2(c), 3(d), 4(e), and 5(f) m.s±1. ................................................................. 110
+uQK 38 3KkQ Eӕ mұW ÿӝ GzQJ DQRGH - jFe (a), cathode - jO2 (b), tәng M)HM2 F WUrQEӅ mһWÿLӋn cӵFYjWӕFÿӝ ăQPzQWUXQJEuQKFӫa
cӑFWKpSJLӳa cһSJyFSKҫQWѭVRYӟi cһSJyFSKҫQWѭ G ........ 111
xv
DANH MӨC BҦNG BIӆU
Bҧng 2.1:
&iFJLiWUӏ hӋ sӕ che phӫ cӫa mӝWYjLNLPORҥi. ......................................... 12
Bҧng 2.2:
7KjQK SKҫn vӅ khӕL Oѭӧng cӫD FiF QJX\rQ Wӕ KyD KӑF WURQJ WKpS
carbon thҩSWKHRWLrXFKXҭn ASTM 242±13. ............................................. 22
Bҧng 3.1:
7KjQKSKҫQQJX\rQWӕ cӫDWKpS ................................................................. 45
Bҧng 3.2:
7K{QJVӕ sӱ dөQJWURQJP{KuQK ............................................................... 49
Bҧng 3.3:
Bҧng tәng hӧSYjVRViQKFiF\Ӄu tӕ khҧRViWNKL[k\GӵQJP{KuQK ...... 49
Bҧng 3.4:
3KkQWtFKVӵ hiӋn diӋQFiFÿӕLWѭӧng nhұn dҥng cӫa tӯng pha .................. 54
Bҧng 3.5:
TӕFÿӝ phҧn ӭng cӫDFiFFҩu tӱ................................................................. 58
Bҧng 3.6:
7K{QJVӕ khuӃFKWiQFӫDFiFFҩu tӱ theo pha............................................ 59
Bҧng 3.7:
TӕFÿӝ phҧn ӭng cӫDFiFFҩu tӱ................................................................. 64
Bҧng 3.8:
TӕFÿӝ phҧn ӭng cӫDFiFFҩu tӱ................................................................. 65
Bҧng 3.9:
7K{QJVӕ hҵng sӕ tӕFÿӝ sӱ dөQJWURQJKDLP{KuQK ................................. 65
Bҧng 3.10: 7tQKWRiQKӋ sӕ Reynold ............................................................................ 66
Bҧng 4.1:
7KjQKSKҫQQJX\rQWӕ (%) cӫDFiFYӏ WUtWURQJҧnh cҩXWU~FWӃ vi ............. 76
Bҧng 4.2:
TӍ sӕ R1 trong 8 giӡ ÿҫu cӫa thӫy triӅu. .................................................... 79
Bҧng 4.3:
Vӏ WUtFiFÿLӇm hoҥWÿӝng mҥnh nhҩt cӫDTXiWUuQKDQRGHYjFDWKRGH. ..... 88
Bҧng 4.4:
&ѭӡQJÿӝ GzQJÿLӋQDQRGHFDWKRGHYjWәng cӫDFiFP{KuQK .............. 103
xvi
&+ѬѪ1*
GIӞI THIӊU TӘNG QUAN
1.1. ĈҺT VҨ1Ĉӄ
1.1.1.
Nhu cҫu vұt liӋu WKpSYjF{QJWUuQKFҧng biӇn
Bӕi cҧQKWRjQFҫXKyDGLӉQUDÿmYjÿDQJWK~Fÿҭ\WKѭѫQJPҥi tӵ do giӳa ViӋt
1DPYjWKӃ giӟL7URQJÿyWX\ӃQÿѭӡQJKjQJNK{QJYjKjQJKҧLOjKDLWX\ӃQÿѭӡng
Y{ FQJ TXDQ WUӑng trong viӋF JLDR WKѭѫQJ 1KLӅX NKX F{QJ QJKLӋp ven biӇQ KuQK
WKjQKWK~Fÿҭy doanh nghiӋSWURQJQѭӟc lүn quӕc tӃ ÿҫXWѭSKiWWULӇQYjJLDWăQJVӭc
khӓe kinh tӃ quӕF JLD 7UrQ EҧQ ÿӗ ViӋt Nam, ngoҥi trӯ FiFK NKX F{QJ QJKLӋp tұp
trung ӣ WUXQJWkPNLQKWӃ QKѭ+j1ӝL7KjQKSKӕ Hӗ &Kt0LQKFiFNKXF{QJQJKLӋp
hҫu hӃt tұp trung ӣ YQJGX\rQKҧi miӅQWUXQJYjFiFWӍQKJLiSELӇQ KuQK
+uQK %L͋Xÿ͛ SKkQE͙ FiFNKXF{QJQJKL͏SWUrQF̫ Q˱ͣc (ngu͛n: kizuna.vn)
Trang 1 / 121
&K˱˯QJ *Lͣi thi͏u t͝ng quan
HVTV: Ph̩m Ng͕F7KjQK
Sӵ tұSWUXQJÿҫXWѭYjRNKXF{QJQJKLӋSNpRWKHRQKXFҫu vӅ [k\GӵQJFѫVӣ hҥ
tҫQJYjYұt liӋu thiӃt yӃXWURQJÿyOjWKpS[k\GӵQJ7KpS[k\Gӵng chiӃm mӝt tӍ trӑng
lӟn trong kӃt hoҥch sҧn xuҩWYjEiQKjQJFӫDFiFGRDQKQJKLӋSWKpS9LӋt Nam. Cө thӇ,
WKpS[k\GӵQJOX{QÿѭӧFѭXVҧQOѭӧng xӃp thӭ hai trong kӃ hoҥch sҧn xuҩt cӫD+zD
3KiWYjRQăP KuQK PһFGWKӡLÿLӇm ҩ\ÿDQJWURQJWuQKKuQKEiRÿӝng vӅ
sӭc khӓe cӝQJÿӗng.
+uQK %L͋Xÿ͛ s̫QO˱ͫQJFiFOR̩LWKpSFͯD+zD3KiWQăP
(Ngu͛n: hoaphat.com.vn)
Ӣ mӝWJyFQKuQNKiFWKpS[k\Gӵng chiӃm tӍ trӑng lӟn nhҩt trong tәng sҧQOѭӧng
(huQK OүQEiQKjQJ KuQK Fӫa cҧ QJjQKWKpS9LӋt Nam trong suӕWJLDLÿRҥn tӯ
WKiQJÿӃQWKiQJĈLӅXQj\NKҷQJÿӏnh nhu cҫXOLrQWөFYjәQÿӏnh vӅ
WKpS[k\Gӵng trong thӏ WUѭӡng.
Trang 2 / 121
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