ĈҤ,+Ӑ&48Ӕ&*,$7P.HCM
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&%È&+.+2$
-----------------
+8ǣ1+.,03+È7
6Ӱ'Ө1*3+ѬѪ1*3+È3675,1*',$*5$0
)/2:352&(66&+$579¬0Ð3+Ӓ1*6752%26&23(
1+Ҵ07Ӕ,Ѭ8+Ï$9,ӊ&7+,&Ð1*&Ð1*7È&
ĈӘ BÊ TÔNG SÀN VÀ &Ӝ7&Ð1*75Î1+1+¬3+Ӕ
7Ҥ,7+¬1+3+Ӕ+Ӗ&+Ë0,1+
Chuyên ngành: 4XҧQ/ê;k\'ӵQJ
Mã ngành: 8580302
/8Ұ19Ă17+Ҥ&6Ƭ
73+Ӗ&+Ë0,1+WKiQJQăP2021
&Ð1*75Î1+.+2$+Ӑ&ĈѬӦ&+2¬17+¬1+7Ҥ,:
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&%È&+.+2$
ĈҤ,+Ӑ&48Ӕ&*,$7+¬1+3+Ӕ+Ӗ&+Ë0,1+
&iQEӝ+ѭӟQJGүQNKRDKӑF
&iQEӝKѭӟQJGүQ TS. 1*8<ӈ17+$1+9,ӊ7
&KӳNê
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&KӳNê
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&KӳNê
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7UѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF%iFK.KRD7KjQKSKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK
7S+FPQJj\WKiQJQăP WUӵFWX\ӃQ
7KjQKSKҫQ+ӝLÿӗQJÿiQKJLiOXұQYăQWKҥFVƭJӗP
1. TS. LÊ HOÀI LONG
&KӫWӏFK+ӝLÿӗQJ
2. 761*8<ӈ1$1+7+Ѭ
&iQEӝSKҧQELӋQ
3. 76ĈҺ1*1*Ӑ&&+Æ8
&iQEӝSKҧQELӋQ
4. 76Ĉ,1+&Ð1*7ӎ1+
Ӫ\YLrQ+ӝLÿӗQJ
5. 3*67675Ҫ1ĈӬ&+Ӑ&
7KѭNê+ӝLÿӗQJ
;iFQKұQFӫD&KӫWӏFK+ӝLÿӗQJÿiQKJLiOXұQYăQYj7UѭӣQJ.KRDTXҧQOêFKX\rQ
QJjQKVDXNKLOXұQYăQÿmÿѭӧFVӱDFKӳD QӃXFy
&+Ӫ7ӎ&++Ӝ,ĈӖ1*
TS. LÊ HOÀI LONG
75ѬӢ1*.+2$.Ӻ7+8Ұ7;Æ<'Ӵ1*
ҤI HӐC QUӔC GIA TP.HCM
CӜNG HÒA XÃ HӜI CHӪ 1*+Ƭ$9,ӊT NAM
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤI HӐC BÁCH KHOA
Ĉӝc lұp ± Tӵ do ± Hҥnh phúc
NHIӊM VӨ LUҰ19Ă17+Ҥ&6Ƭ
Hӑ tên hӑc viên
: HuǤnh Kim Phát
MSHV
: 1970326
1Jj\WKiQJQăPVLQK
: 09/05/1990
1ѫLVLQK
: Bình Thuұn
Chuyên ngành
: Quҧn Lý Xây Dӵng
Mã sӕ
: 8580302
1. 7Ç1Ĉӄ TÀI
SӰ DӨ1* 3+ѬѪ1* 3+È3 675,1* ',$*5$0 )/2: 352&(66 &+$57 9¬
MÔ PHӒNG STROBOSCOPE NHҴM TӔ, Ѭ8 +Ï$ &Ð1* 7È& ĈӘ BÊ TÔNG
SÀN VÀ CӜT CÔNG TRÌNH NHÀ PHӔ TҤI THÀNH PHӔ HӖ CHÍ MINH.
2. NHIӊM VӨ VÀ NӜI DUNG
- Nghiên cӭu tәng quan vӅ công trình nhà phӕ YjQăQJVXҩWODRÿӝng.
- Sӱ dөng SKѭѫQJ SKiS QJKLrQ Fӭu công viӋc String Diagram, Flow Process
Chart nhҵm giҧm tәng thӡLJLDQWKLF{QJF{QJWiFÿә bê tông và tәng TXmQJÿѭӡng di
chuyӇn cӫa công nhân.
- Thu thұp, phân tích, kiӇPÿӏnh bӝ sӕ liӋu nhҵm xây dӵng mô hình mô phӓng.
- Xây dӵng mô hình mô phӓng F{QJ WiF ÿә bê tông bҵng Stroboscope. Thông
qua kӃt quҧ mô phӓng, tính toán và tӕL ѭX F{QJ WiF ÿә bê tông dӵa trên 03 tiêu chí:
tәng thӡi gian thi công, sӕ Oѭӧng công nhân thӵc hiӋn và chi phí thӵc hiӋn.
- Nghiên cӭX ÿyQJ JyS FNJQJ QKѭ Kҥn chӃ cӫa nghiên cӭu. Xem xét khҧ QăQJ
ӭng dөng nghiên cӭu vào thӵc tӃ.
3. NGÀY GIAO NHIӊM VӨ
: 22/02/2021
4. NGÀY HOÀN THÀNH NHIӊM VӨ
: 13/06/2021
5. HӐ VÀ TÊN CÁN BӜ +ѬӞNG DҮN
: HD1: TS. NguyӉn Thanh ViӋt
HD2: TS. Ĉӛ TiӃn Sӻ
Tp. HCM, ngày
tháng
QăP1
CÁN BӜ +ѬӞNG DҮN 1
CÁN BӜ +ѬӞNG DҮN 2
CHӪ NHIӊM BӜ MÔN
TS. NguyӉn Thanh ViӋt
76Ĉӛ TiӃn Sӻ
TS. Lê Hoài Long
75ѬӢNG KHOA KӺ THUҰT XÂY DӴNG
/Ӡ,&Ҧ0Ѫ1
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VXӕW WKӡL JLDQ WKӵF KLӋQ OXұQ YăQ Qj\ 1KӳQJ FKӍ GүQ JyS ê FKLD Vҿ FӫD các
7Kҫ\ÿmJL~SW{LEәVXQJFKӍQKVӱDQKӳQJNKX\ӃWÿLӇPWKLӃX[yWYjKRjQFKӍQK
WӕWQKҩWFKROXұQYăQ
7LӃSWKHRW{L[LQJӱLOӡLFiPѫQÿӃQ4Xê7Kҫ\&{WURQJNKRD.ӻWKXұW
[k\ GӵQJ ÿm WUX\ӅQ ÿҥW FKR W{L QKӳQJ NLӃQ WKӭF TXê JLi Eә tFK JL~S FKR W{L
WUѭӣQJWKjQKKѫQYjPӣUӝQJWKrPNLӃQWKӭFFӫDPuQK
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FKRFRQWKrPêFKtYjTX\ӃWWkPÿӇWKӵFKLӋQOXұQYăQQj\
&XӕLFQJW{L[LQFiPѫQ%iFK.KRD&iPѫQYuÿmFKRW{LPӝWWXәLWUҿ
NKiWNKDRPmQKOLӋWPӝWWXәLWUҿGiPÿѭѫQJÿҫXYӟLNKyNKăQYjWKҩWEҥL&iP
ѫQ%iFK.KRDÿmFKRW{LêFKtNLrQFѭӡQJEҧQOƭQKNK{QJOLEѭӟF7{LWKұWVӵ
FҧPWKҩ\WӵKjRYjKmQKGLӋQNKLOjVLQKYLrQFӫD%iFK.KRDPӝWQJ{LWUѭӡQJ
FyWUX\ӅQWKӕQJOkXÿӡLQәLWLӃQJYӅFKҩWOѭӧQJÿjRWҥRGҥ\YjKӑF
;LQFKkQWKjQKFiPѫQWҩWFҧ
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&{QJWiFÿәErW{QJ Oj PӝWF{QJÿRҥQUҩWTXDQWUӑQJWURQJWKLF{QJ [k\
GӵQJ 9LӋF FҧL WLӃQ QkQJ FDR QăQJ VXҩW VӁ JL~S WLӃW NLӋP QKLӅX FKL SKt Yj U~W
QJҳQWLӃQÿӝWKLF{QJ&KtQKYuWKӃYLӋF[k\GӵQJFiFP{KuQKWKXұWWRiQ mô
SKӓQJ«QKҵPWӕLѭXKyDYLӋFWKLF{QJF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJOjPӝWYLӋFUҩWFҫQ
WKLӃW0өFÿtFKFӫDÿӅWjLQJKLrQFӭXQj\OjWӕLѭXKyDFKLSKtQKkQF{QJWLӃQ
ÿӝWKӵFKLӋQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJ7ӯNӃWTXҧÿҥWÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXVӁÿiQKJLi
WtQKNKҧWKLNKL iSGөQJUӝQJUmLQJKLrQFӭXWҥL9LӋW1DP
1JKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQWUrQVjQYjFӝWEҵQJFiFKWKXWKұSVӕOLӋX WUӵF
WLӃS WKӡL JLDQ WKL F{QJ FӫD WӯQJ F{QJ WiF QKѭ F{QJ WiF FӕS SKD F{QJ WiF FӕW
WKpS«WURQJTXiWUuQKWKLF{QJÿәErW{QJWҥL PӝWcông trình QKjSKӕӣ7KjQK
SKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK'ӳOLӋXVDXNKLWKXWKұSVӁÿѭӧF[ӱOêTXDSKҫQPӅP6366
QKҵPÿiQK JLiSKkQWtFKEӝVӕOLӋXWUѭӟFNKLÿѭDYjR P{SKӓQJ6WURERVFRSH
1JRjLUDWUѭӟFNKLWLӃQKjQKWKXWKұSVӕOLӋXQJKLrQFӭXVӱGөQJSKѭѫQJSKiS
String DiaJUDP NӃW KӧS YӟL )ORZ 3URFHVV &KDUW QKҵP WӕL ѭX TXmQJ ÿѭӡQJ GL
FKX\ӇQFӫDF{QJQKkQFNJQJQKѭYLӋFEӕWUtNKREmLYұWOLӋX9LӋFQj\VӁJL~S
JLҧPWKLӇXVDLVӕYjEӝVӕOLӋXWKXWKұSVӁJҫQViWYӟLWKӵFWӃ
&iF JLҧL SKiS ÿӅ [XҩW ÿѭӧF WKӵF KLӋQ GӵD WUrQ NӃW TXҧ P{ SKӓQJ
6WURERVFRSHVӁJL~SFKRFiFQKjTXҧQOêFyPӝWFiFKQKuQWәQJTXDQKѫQWURQJ
YLӋFEӕWUtQKkQOӵFWLӃWJLҧPFKLSKtQKѭQJYүQU~WQJҳQÿѭӧFWLӃQÿӝFông tác
ÿәErW{QJ.
ASTRACT
Concreting is a very important step in construction. The enhancement and
improvement of productivity will help saving a lot of costs and shorten
construction progress. That is why the construction of models, algorithms,
simulations ... to optimize the construction of concreting is very necessary. The
optimization of costs, labor, and progress of concreting is considered as the aim of
this research topic. From the results achieved, the study will evaluate the
feasibility when it is applied widely in Vietnam.
The research was carried out on the floor and column by collecting direct
construction time data of each task such as formwork work, reinforcement work,
... during the construction of concreting at a construction townhouses site in Ho
Chi Minh City. Collected data will be processed through SPSS software to
evaluate and analyze the data set before being put into Stroboscope simulation. In
addition, before data collection, the study used the String Diagram method
combined with the Flow Process Chart method to optimize the worker's distance
as well as the arrangement of warehouses, yards and materials. This will help
reduce errors and the data collected will be close to reality.
Solutions and proposals are made based on Stroboscope simulation results,
which will help managers to have a more overview of the staff allocation, reduce
costs but still shorten the work progress concreting.
/Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1
Tôi [LQ KRjQ WRjQ FKӏX WUiFK QKLӋP Yj FDP ÿRDQ FiF QӝL GXQJ trình bày
WURQJOXұQYăQQj\OjNӃWTXҧQJKLrQFӭXFӫDFiQKkQW{LÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQGѭӟL Vӵ
KѭӟQJGүQNKRDKӑFFӫD 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋWYj76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ&iFVӕOLӋX
QJKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFWKXWKұS hoàn toàn WUXQJWKӵF, FKѭDWӯQJÿѭӧFF{QJEӕWUѭӟF
ÿk\
Tp.Hcm, ngày 21 tháng 8 QăP1
7iFJLҧQJKLrQFӭX
+XǤQK.LP3KiW
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0өFWLrXQJKLrQFӭX ....................................................................................... 4
3KҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX ........................................................................................ 4
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&iFÿӏQKQJKƭDYjNKiLQLӋP........................................................................... 6
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.KiLQLӋPYӅWăQJ16/Ĉ ................................................................... 6
&iF\ӃXWӕOjPWăQJ16/Ĉ ................................................................ 6
2.2.4 .KiLQLӋPYӅ6WULQJ'LDJUDP ............................................................ 8
2.2.5 .KiLQLӋPYӅ)ORZ3URFHVV&KDUW .................................................... 10
2.2.6 .KiLQLӋPYӅ6WURERVFRSH ............................................................... 13
7әQJKӧSFiFQJKLrQFӭXOLrQTXDQ .............................................................. 14
&+ѬѪ1*3+ѬѪ1*3+È31*+,Ç1&Ӭ8&Ð1*9,ӊ& ....................... 29
*LӟLWKLӋXFKѭѫQJ ......................................................................................... 29
3.2 &iFYҩQÿӅFҫQTXDQViW ................................................................................ 30
3.3 4XDQViWPһWEҵQJF{QJWUѭӡQJ .................................................................... 30
3.3ĈӕLYӟLF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJFӝW ....................................................... 31
3.3.2 ĈӕLYӟLF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJVjQ ....................................................... 33
3.4 ĈӅ[XҩWJLҧLSKiS .......................................................................................... 36
3.5 ĈiQKJLiKLӋXTXҧVDXNKLEӕWUtOҥLPһWEҵQJF{QJWUѭӡQJ ........................... 41
&+ѬѪ1*7+Ӕ1*.Ç.,ӆ0Ĉӎ1+%Ӝ6Ӕ/,ӊ8 ................................. 44
*LӟLWKLӋXFKѭѫQJ ......................................................................................... 44
.KiLTXiWWK{QJWLQF{QJWUuQKQJKLrQFӭX .................................................... 45
4.3 Phân tích VӕOLӋXEҵQJKӗLTX\WX\ӃQWtQKWURQJ6366 ................................... 46
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G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
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3KkQWtFKEӝVӕOLӋXWKXWKұS ......................................................................... 47
7UuQKEj\YҩQÿӅ .............................................................................. 47
3KkQWtFKKӗLTX\WX\ӃQWtQK ............................................................ 48
4.4.3 Phân tích mô hình ............................................................................ 49
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%Ç7Ð1*&Ӝ7 ................................................................................................ 53
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;iFÿӏQKKjPSKkQSKӕL[iFVXҩWWӯQJF{QJWiF ........................................... 54
;k\GӵQJP{SKӓQJ ..................................................................................... 56
&Kҥ\P{SKӓQJYjSKkQWtFKNӃWTXҧ ............................................................ 57
.ӃWOXұQP{SKӓQJ ....................................................................................... 61
7tQKWKӵFWӃ ..................................................................................... 61
3KkQWtFKWLӃQÿӝ- chi phí ................................................................ 63
.ӃWOXұQP{SKӓQJ .......................................................................... 65
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.ӃWOXұQ ........................................................................................................ 66
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ĈyQJJySYӅPһWWKӵFWLӉQ ............................................................... 67
+ҥQFKӃFӫDQJKLrQFӭX................................................................................ 67
.LӃQQJKӏ ...................................................................................................... 70
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7¬,/,ӊ87+$0.+Ҧ2 ................................................................................ 71
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F{QJWiFÿәErW{QJVjQ ...................................................................................... 42
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%ҧQJ%ҧQJWәQJKӧSVӕOLӋX .......................................................................... 48
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%ҧQJ4 .ӃWTXҧWtQKWRiQEuQKSKѭѫQJFӵFWLӇXYjKӋVӕ'XUELQ-Watson ........ 50
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+uQK6ѫÿӗ6WULQJ'LDJUDPF{QJWiFJLDF{QJWKpS ...................................... 10
+uQK%LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJEҵQJELӇXÿӗ)ORZ3URFHVV&KDUW ......... 12
+uQK%LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәÿҩWEҵQJP{SKӓQJ6WURERVFRSH ....................... 14
+uQK6ѫÿӗWyPWҳW&KѭѫQJ ....................................................................... 29
Hình 3.2 6ѫÿӗEӕWUtPһWEҵQJF{QJWUѭӡQJ ....................................................... 30
Hình 3.3 %LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJEҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiS6WULQJ'LDJUDP ....... 31
Hình 3.4 %LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJFӝWEҵQJELӇXÿӗ
Flow Process Chart ............................................................................................ 32
Hình 3.5 %LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJVjQEҵQJELӇXÿӗ
Flow Process Chart ............................................................................................ 34
Hình 3.6 %LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJEҵQJELӇXÿӗ6WULQJ'LDJUDP
VDXNKLFҧLWLӃQ.................................................................................................... 37
Hình 3.7 %LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJFӝWEҵQJELӇXÿӗ)ORZ3URFHVV&KDUWVDX
NKLEӕWUtOҥLNKREmLYұWWѭ ................................................................................. 38
Hình 3.8 %LӇXGLӉQF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJVjQEҵQJ ELӇXÿӗ)ORZ3URFHVV&KDUWVDX
khi EӕWUtOҥLNKREmLYұWWѭ ................................................................................. 40
+uQK6ѫÿӗWyPWҳW&KѭѫQJ ....................................................................... 44
+uQK3KӕLFҧQKYjYӏWUt[k\GӵQJF{QJWUuQK................................................ 45
+uQK0һWEҵQJWҫQJÿLӇQKuQK ...................................................................... 45
+uQK6ѫÿӗWyPWҳW&KѭѫQJ ....................................................................... 53
+uQK3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKKjP SKkQSKӕLWӯQJF{QJWiF ........................... 54
+uQK0{SKӓQJ6WURERVFRSHF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJ ......................................... 56
Hình 5.4 .KDLEiRFiFELӃQYjNӃWTXҧP{SKӓQJ ............................................... 57
+uQK&iFEѭӟFWKӵFKLӋQP{SKӓQJ ............................................................. 58
+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
vi
+uQK.ӃWTXҧP{SKӓQJVѫEӝ ...................................................................... 59
+uQK.ӃWTXҧP{SKӓQJNKLWKD\ÿәLVӕOѭӧQJcông nhân ............................ 60
+uQK0{SKӓQJ6WURERVFRSHF{QJWiFÿәErW{QJWURQJÿLӅXNLӋQEuQKWKѭӡQJ
NK{QJFy\ӃXWӕ[iFVXҩW .................................................................................. 68
+uQK.ӃWTXҧWKD\ÿәLNKLP{KuQKP{SKӓQJWKD\ÿәL................................. 69
+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
vii
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Stroboscope
: STate and ResOurce Based Simulation of Construction ProcEsses.
71/Ĉ
7DLQҥQODRÿӝQJ
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: Công nhân
HQTT
+ӗLTX\WX\ӃQWtQK
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G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
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1.1 *LӟLWKLӋX FKѭѫQJ
1ӝLGXQJFKѭѫQJ QKҵP JLӟLWKLӋX êWѭӣQJEDQÿҫX[k\GӵQJ QJKLrQFӭX,
JLҧLWKtFKOêGRFKӑQÿӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭXOjQKjSKӕWҫPTXDQWUӑQJFӫDF{QJ
WiF ÿә Er W{QJ VjQ Yj FӝW và QrX OrQ SKѭѫQJ SKiS 6WULQJ 'LDJUDP )ORZ
3URFHVV&KDUWYjP{SKӓQJ6WURERVFRSHQKҵPQkQJFDR16/Ĉ +uQK
+uQK6˯ÿ͛WyPW̷WCK˱˯QJ
1.2 ĈһWYҩQÿӅ QJKLrQFӭX
Xây dӵng là mӝt trong nhӳng ngành có lӏch sӱ và quy mô lӟn nhҩt toàn
cҫu. Theo Tәng cөc ThӕQJNrWăQJWUѭӣng cӫa ngành xây dӵng chӍ ÿҥt 6,76% trong
QăP JLҧP ÿiQJ NӇ so vӟi mӭF WăQJ WUѭӣQJ Fy ÿѭӧF WURQJ QăP
chӫ yӃu do 02 nguyên nhân: sӵ ³FKӳQJ´Oҥi cӫa thӏ WUѭӡng bҩWÿӝng sҧQWURQJQăP
Yj ÿҥi dӏch COVID- WURQJ QăP (Ngu͛n: FitchSolution (2020), Báo
cáo c̵p nh̵t ngành xây dng).
1JRjL UDELӃQ iÿӝQJ YӅ JLi QJX\rQ iYұW OLӋXVҧQ [XҩWWLӃSWөF Oj PӝW itrong
QKӳQJ ikhó iNKăQ KjQJ iÿҫX ÿӕL YӟL iGRDQK QJKLӋS [k\ GӵQJ ivà
+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
2
71,4% doanh iQJKLӋS YұW OLӋX i[k\ GӵQJ 1JX͛Q 1%uQK +DL F~ V͙F NpR
QJjQK[k\GQJJL̫PW͙Fÿ͡WăQJWU˱ͧQJ .
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mua bán nhà. Khách hàng Fy NKX\QK KѭӟQJ WұS WUXQJ SKөF KӗL NLQK GRDQK VDX
GӏFKEӋQKWUѭӟFNKLÿҫXWѭPӣUӝQJ7X\QKLrQGR&KtQKSKӫ9LӋW1DPÿmWKӵF
KLӋQQKLӅXELӋQSKiSKLӋXTXҧYjFѫEҧQNLӇPVRiWWӕWGӏFKEӋQKQrQWKHRGӵEiR
FӫD Wә FKӭF )LWFK 6ROXWLRQV WӕF ÿӝ WăQJ WUѭӣQJ QKj SKӕ VӁ KӗL SKөF Yj WăQJ Wӯ
WURQJQăPOrQWURQJQăP +uQK
Hình 1.2. 7ăQJWU˱ͧQJWKFGSKyQJ[k\GQJYj[k\GQJ
GkQGͭQJ 1JX͛Q BMI)
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FiRWKӏWUѭӡQJ%ҩWÿӝQJVҧQ %Ĉ6 TXê,,, tҥL+j1ӝLFiFFKӍVӕJKLQKұQ
iәQ ÿӏQK KRһF WăQJ WăQJ OҫQ OѭӧW Yj ÿӕL YӟL QKj PһW SKӕ EiQ Yj QKj
ULrQJ EiQ 7ҥi 7KjQK SKӕ +ӗ &Kt 0LQK FKӍ Vӕ Qj\ FNJQJ ÿѭӧF JKL QKұQ WăQJ
QKѭQJӣPӭFQKҽKѫQ WăQJOҫQOѭӧW YjÿӕLYӟLQKjPһWSKӕEiQYjQKj
riêng)ĈӕLYӟLQKjPһWSKӕFKRWKXrPӭFÿӝTXDQWkPJLҧPӣFҧWKӏWUѭӡQJ
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+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
3
QKҽWҥLWKӏWUѭӡQJ+j1ӝLYjWҥLWKӏWUѭӡQJ7KjQKSKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK.
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GRWKӏWUѭӡQJ[k\GӵQJGkQGөQJFyPӭFSKkQPҧQKFDR'RÿyYLӋFQJKLrQFӭX,
FҧLWLӃQ16/Ĉ OjPӝWJLҧLSKiSQKҵPJL~SNT NK{QJQKӳQJÿҭ\QKDQKWӕFÿӝWKL
công mà còn câQÿӕLQJkQViFKWKX- FKLWăQJVӭFFҥQKWUDQKWUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJ
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FѭӡQJ ÿӝ ODR ÿӝQJ iS GөQJ NKRD KӑF Nӻ WKXұW TXҧQ Oê FRQ QJѭӡL. Tuy nhiên
FK~QJ FzQ WӗQ WҥL PӝW Vӕ KҥQ FKӃ QKѭ FKL SKt ÿҫX Wѭ OӟQ \rX FҫX ÿӝL QJNJ ODR
ÿӝQJFyWUuQKÿӝFDR WăQJFѭӡQJÿӝODRÿӝQJTXiPӭFFyWKӇJk\71/ĈYjҧQK
KѭӣQJÿӃQVӭFNKRҿFӫD&1«
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SKӓQJ6WURERVFRSHQKҵPWӕLѭXKyDF{QJWiFÿәErWông sàn và FӝWVDRFKRWKӓD
PmQWӕWQKҩWWLrXFKt VӕOѭӧQJF{QJQKkQ ÿәErW{QJWKӡLJLDQWKLF{QJYjFKL
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NӇ Fҧ FKR FiF QKj WKҫX YӯD Yj QKӓ &iF SKѭѫQJ SKiS String Diagram, Flow
Process Chart và P{ SKӓQJ 6WURERVFRSH NK{QJ PӟL &iF QJKLrQ FӭX WKӵF KLӋQ
WUѭӟFÿk\ÿmJLӟLWKLӋXWәQJTXDQYjÿѭDUDFiFYtGөPLQKKӑDFKRWӯQJSKѭѫQJ
pháp tuy nhiêQ YLӋFNӃW KӧSSKѭѫQJSKiSWUrQ YjiSGөQJFKR PӝWFҩX NLӋQ
[k\GӵQJF{QJWUuQKFөWKӇWKuFKѭDFyQJKLrQFӭXQjRWKӵFKLӋQ
1JKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQWUrQF{QJWiFWKLF{QJÿәErW{QJsàn và FӝWGR
ÿk\OjPӝWF{QJÿRҥQWKLӃW\ӃXWURQJPӛLF{QJWUuQK[k\GӵQJ0һWNKiFWURQJWKL
F{QJQKjSKӕWLӃWGLӋQsàn và FӝWWKѭӡQJNK{QJÿәLKRһFQӃXFyWKD\ÿәLWKuFNJQJ
NK{QJ OӟQGRÿyFiFSKѭѫQJSKiSFҧLWLӃQFyWKӇÿѭӧFiSGөQJ UӝQJ UmLWҥLFiF
công trình khác.
ĈӇWUҧOӡLFiFQӝLGXQJWUrQPӝWVӕFkXKӓLÿѭӧFÿһWUDQKѭVDX
+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
4
- 0һWEҵQJEӕWUtkho bãi ÿmKӧSOêKD\FKѭD"3KѭѫQJiQEӕWUt PӟLKLӋX
TXҧKѫQSKѭѫQJiQFNJӣÿLӇPQjR"
- &iFJLҧLSKiSWURQJQJKLrQFӭX ÿmWӕLѭXKD\FKѭD"
- &yWKӇiSGөQJUӝQJUmLNӃWTXҧQJKLrQFӭXNK{QJ"
1.3 0өFWLrXQJKLrQFӭX
- %ӕWUtPһWEҵQJWKLF{QJSKKӧS
- %ӕWUtQKkQF{QJSKKӧSJLҧPFKLSKt[k\GӵQJYjU~WQJҳQWLӃQÿӝ
- 1JKLrQFӭXӭQJGөQJUӝQJUmLFKRFiFF{QJWUuQKQKjSKӕNKiFWҥL7KjQK
SKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK
1.4 3KҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX
3KҥPYLQJKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQQKѭVDX
- 'ӳOLӋXÿѭӧFOҩ\WӯFiFF{QJWUuQKQKjSKӕÿDQJWKLF{QJWҥLF{QJWUѭӡQJ
[k\GӵQJӣ7KjQKSKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK
- ĈӕLWѭӧQJ &ҧLWLӃQQăQJVXҩWWKLF{QJÿәErW{QJVjQYjFӝW
- /RҥLGӵiQ QKjSKӕ
- ĈӏDÿLӇP 7KjQKSKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK
+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
5
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2.1 Giӟi thiӋu FKѭѫQJ
NӝL GXQJ FKѭѫQJ WUuQK Ej\ Vѫ Oѭӧc các khái niӋP OLrQ TXDQ ÿӃQ ÿӅ tài
nghiên cӭX QKѭ FiF NKiL QLӋm vӅ 16/Ĉ SKѭѫQJ SKiS QJKLrQ Fӭu công viӋc
6WULQJ 'LDJUDP )ORZ 3URFHVV &KDUW SKѭѫQJ SKiS P{ SKӓng sӵ kiӋn rӡi rҥc
(Stroboscope). Ngoài ra, nӝLGXQJFKѭѫQJFNJQJWәng hӧp các nghiên cӭu, bài báo,
WѭOLӋu cӫa các tác giҧ WUѭӟFÿk\FyOLrQTXDQQKҵPOjPFѫVӣ dӳ liӋu cho luұQYăQ
(Hình 2.1).
+uQK6˯ÿ͛ tóm t̷t CK˱˯QJ
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G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
6
2.2 &iFÿӏQKQJKƭDYjNKiLniӋm
2.2.1 Khái niӋm vӅ 16/Ĉ 1JX͛Q Ĉ͟ 9ăQ 7tQK 7͝QJ KͫS FiF
QJKLrQFͱXOêWKX\͇WY͉QăQJVX̭WODRÿ͡QJ .
Theo C. Mác (1867) 1ăQJ VXҩW ODR ÿӝQJ Oj VӭF VҧQ [XҩW có ích FӫD PӝW
QJѭӡL ODR ÿӝQJ OirQ NӃW KRҥW ÿӝQJ VҧQ [XҩW WURQJ PӝW ÿѫQ Yӏ WKӡL JLDQ Fө WKӇ.
.KiLQLӋPQj\QKҩQPҥQKPһWFKҩW FKҩWOLӋXYұWFKҩW 9ӅPһWOѭӧQJ, QăQJVXҩW
ÿѭӧFKLӇXOjPӕLTXDQKӋJLӳD³ÿ̯XYjR´Yj³ÿ̯XUD´.
.KiL QLӋP YӅ WăQJ 16/Ĉ 1JX͛Q Ĉ͟ 9ăQ 7tQK 7͝QJ KͫS
FiFQJKLrQFͱXOêWKX\͇WY͉QăQJVX̭WODRÿ͡QJ .
- Theo C.Mác (1867): 7ăQJ16/Ĉ OjVӵWăQJOrQFӫDVӭFVҧQ[XҩWVDRFKR
VӕOѭӧQJODRÿӝQJJLҧPÿLQKѭQJFKҩWOѭӧQJYjVӕOѭӧQJVҧQSKҭPQKLӅXKѫQ.
- 'R ÿy WăQJ 16/Ĉ QJKƭD Oj JLҧP FKL SKt ODR ÿӝQJ FKR PӝW ÿѫQ Yӏ VҧQ
SKҭPQKҵP PөFÿtFKJLҧPJLiWKjQKVҧQSKҭPÿҧPEҧRFKҩWOѭӧQJ QKѭQJWKӡL
JLDQOjPUDVҧQSKҭPÿyJLҧPÿL
- 7ăQJ 16/Ĉ Oj PӝW TX\ OXұW NLQK WӃ FKXQJ FӫD [m KӝL, do khác nhau YӅ
WUuQKÿӝFӫDOӵFOѭӧQJVҧQ[XҩW9tGө GѭӟLFKӃÿӝQ{OӋ VҧQ[XҩWFKӫ\ӃXGӵD
YjRVӭFQJѭӡLQrQ16/Ĉ UҩWWKҩS; ÿӃQNKL[XҩWKLӋQPi\PyFFiFF{QJFөKLӋQ
ÿҥLWKu16/Ĉ PӟLWăQJOrQ
- 7URQJ WKӵF WӃ JLҧL SKiS WăQJ 16/Ĉ ÿѭӧF iS GөQJ UӝQJ UmL Oj tăQJ WKӡL
JLDQ ODR ÿӝQJ Yj WLӃW NLӋP FKL SKt VҧQ [XҩW ÿӕL YӟL PӛL ÿѫQ Yӏ VҧQ SKҭP Tuy
nhiên, YLӋFWăQJWKӡLJLDQODRÿӝQJVӁEӏKҥQFKӃ YuVӭFOӵFODRÿӝQJFyJLӟLKҥQ
PӛLCN FyPӝWNKҧQăQJODRÿӝQJQKҩWÿӏQK.
2.2.3 &iF\ӃXWӕOjPWăQJ16/Ĉ 1JX͛Q Ĉ͟9ăQ7tQK 7͝QJKͫS
FiFQJKLrQFͱXOêWKX\͇WY͉QăQJVX̭WODRÿ͡QJ .
a) YӃu tӕ FRQQJѭӡi
Các yӃu tӕ này có thӇ chia thành ba loҥi: các yӃu tӕ gҳn vӟi bҧn thân CN;
các yӃu tӕ gҳn vӟi quҧn lý; các yӃu tӕ gҳn vӟLÿLӅu kiӋQODRÿӝng.
- Ĉӕi vӟi các yӃu tӕ gҳn vӟi bҧn thân CN bao gӗm 08 nhân tӕ:
+97+ +XǤQK.LP3KiW
G.V.H.D: 761JX\ӉQ7KDQK9LӋW- 76Ĉӛ7LӃQ6ӻ
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