Tài liệu Specialized english for tour guides

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ HÀ NỘI (Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành hướng dẫn du lịch 1) Phạm Diệu Ly 0 Hà Nội, 12/ 2021 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ HÀ NỘI SPECIALIZED ENGLISH FOR TOUR GUIDES 1 (Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành hướng dẫn du lịch 1) Chủ biên Phạm Diệu Ly Tác giả Phan Thị Phương Mai Nguyễn Thị Thảo Hoàng Thị Thanh Ngô Thanh Hoa Hà Nội, 12/ 2021 1 1. ThS. Phạm Diệu Ly: thiết kế khung nội dung, đồng bộ giáo trình & biên soạn các Bài 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 và Audio scripts 2. ThS. Phan Thị Phương Mai: tư vấn kiến thức chuyên ngành của toàn bộ giáo trình và biên soạn phần Appendix 3. ThS. Nguyễn Thị Thảo: biên soạn bài 1 của giáo trình và rà soát kiến thức ngôn ngữ của toàn bộ giáo trình 4. ThS. Hoàng Thị Thanh : biên soạn tình huống chuyên ngành của toàn bộ giáo trình 5. ThS. Ngô Thanh Hoa: tư vấn và thiết kế nội dung bài đọc của toàn bộ giáo trình 2 Specialized English for tour guides 1 (Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành hướng dẫn du lịch 1) được Trường Đại học Mở Hà Nội tổ chức biên soạn theo chương trình đào tạo bậc đại học của Khoa Du lịch dành cho sinh viên năm thứ ba thuộc ngành quản trị dịch vụ du lịch và lữ hành. Giáo trình được biên soạn để phục vụ môn học nghiệp vụ hướng dẫn du lịch tại điểm (Sustainable Tourism Training) và có hai cuốn. Cuốn 1 tập trung vào chủ đề chương trình du lịch tại Hà Nội và cuốn 2 tập trung vào chủ đề tôn giáo. Giáo trình được thiết kế theo hướng giao tiếp chuyên ngành giúp người học sử dụng kiến thức chuyên ngành và các cấu trúc diễn đạt để phát triển năng lực giao tiếp trong các tình huống điển hình liên quan đến các công việc của hướng dẫn viên thông qua bốn kỹ năng nghe, nói, đọc, và viết, trong đó ưu tiên hai kỹ năng nghe và nói. Kỹ năng phát âm và ngữ pháp không được chú trọng vì giáo trình có tính kế thừa các kỹ năng, kiến thức đã được thiết lập từ trước. Phần phụ lục cung cấp từ vựng, kiến thức theo từng chủ để. Trong giáo trình, việc học là trung tâm, người học là chủ thể của quá trình dạy học. Giáo trình được biên soạn xoay quanh bảy bài học về chủ đề chương trình du lịch tại Hà Nội: tổng quan về Hà Nội, bảo tàng, kiến trúc, ẩm thực, hoạt động giải trí, phố cổ và các làng nghề truyền thống. Ngoài ra giáo trình cũng tập trung vào quy trình và ngôn ngữ hướng dẫn một tour hoàn chỉnh gồm: giới thiệu tour, xây dựng bài thuyết minh, trả lời câu hỏi, xử lý tình huống, quản lý đoàn, kết thúc tour. Mỗi bài học được chia thành sáu phần được thiết kế đồng bộ xen lẫn lý thuyết và thực hành, người học dần tích lũy được các kiến thức - kỹ năng ngôn ngữ và chuyên ngành cần thiết để đạt được các mục tiêu đề ra của mỗi bài học. Giáo trình được biên soạn trên cơ sở những kinh nghiệm thực tiễn của việc giảng dạy Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành quản trị lữ hành và hướng dẫn du lịch và đào tạo thực hành nghiệp vụ hướng dẫn du lịch của các giảng viên trong nhóm tác giả với sự hợp tác chặt chẽ về chuyên môn của các chuyên gia trong ngành. Các tác giả rất mong nhận được những ý kiến đóng góp của các giảng viên, sinh viên và chuyên gia trong ngành để sách được hoàn thiện hơn. Các tác giả 3 Unit Page 1 – Overview of Hanoi 5 2 – Museums in Hanoi 15 3 – Architecture in Hanoi 26 4 – Foods in Hanoi 36 5 – Entertainment in Hanoi 47 6 – Handicraft villages 60 7 – The Old Quarter 70 References 80 Glossary 81 Audio scripts 92 Appendix 103 4 Unit 1 Overview of Hanoi Objectives: o Acquire general knowledge of history, geography and tourism in Hanoi o Understand and use vocabulary and structures related to the overview of Hanoi o Introduce a tour to tourists o Write ground rules of specific destinations Getting Started 1. Look at the following pictures and identify places in Hanoi. Ngoc Son Temple Hoan Kiem Lake The Temple of Literature Quan Chuong Gate Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum Thang Long Imperial Citadel 1 2 3 4 5 6 2. Have you ever visited any of the above places?  If yes, tell your partner about your experience.  If no, search for the information about one destination you are interested in and share the interesting information with your partner. 5 Vocabulary – Features of a destination 1. When visitors come to Hanoi, what features are they most interested in? Put the features in the order of interest. ……….. History ……….. Climate ……….. Traditional cuisine ……….. Tourist attractions ……….. Geography ………… Handicraft villages ………… Culture ………… Night markets 2. Fill in the mind map with the correct type of features. Features …………… - historical sites - eventful - imperial city - ancient capital ………….. - must-see attractions -off-the-beaten-track destinations - touristy places ………… -well-preserved buildings - unique museums - ancient pagodas - vibrant nightlife 3. The words in bold are in the wrong place. Put them in the right places. Hanoi, located on the banks of the Red River, is one of the most eventful ...ancient... capitals in the world, where travelers can find ancient ...................... colonial buildings, imperial .................... pagodas, and unique museums within the city center. A great place to explore on foot, this imperial city is also known for its delectable cuisine, multi-cultural .................... nightlife, skills and handicrafts, as well as a vibrant .................... community that’s made up of Chinese, French and Russian influences! 6 Reading – An overview of Hanoi 1. What do you know about Hanoi (location, population, history, weather pattern...)? What do you think about Hanoi? (traditional, nostalgic, ancient, …)? 2. Reading a. Read this passage to have an overview of Hanoi and insert the words in the box into the blanks. resistance architectural washed vital source encompassed flowing through Selected characteristically eventful sacred practiced embracing situated casting rebaptised hinterland An Overview of Hanoi Geography 1. Hanoi is located in the Red River Delta, in the center of North Vietnam. It is ………………… (1) by Thai Nguyen and Vinh Phuc Province to the north, Ha Nam and Hoa Binh to the south, Bac Giang, Bac Ninh and Hung Yen provinces to the east and south-east, Hoa Binh and Phu Tho to the west. Hanoi means “the …………………… (2) between the rivers” (Ha: river, Noi: interior). Hanoi’s territory is …………………… (3) by the Red River (the portion of the Red River …………………… (4) Hanoi is approximately 40km long) and its tributaries, but there are some other rivers …………………… (5) the capital, including Duong, Cau, Ca Lo, Day, Nhue, Tich, To Lich and Kim Nguu. 2. Hanoi is ……………………… (6) in a tropical monsoon zone with two main seasons. During the dry season, which lasts from October to April, it is cold and there is very little rainfall, except from January to March, when the weather is still cold but there is some light rain. The wet season, from May to September, is hot with heavy rains and storms. The average annual temperature is 23.2ºC (73.7ºF) and the average annual rainfall is 1,800mm. The average temperature in winter is 17.2ºC (62.9ºF), but can go down to 8ºC (46.4ºF). The average temperature in summer is 29.2ºC (84.6ºF, but can reach up to 39ºC (102.2ºF). 7 Tourism History 3. Hanoi is a ………………………… (7) land of Vietnam. In the 3rd century BC, Co Loa (actually belonging to Dong Anh District) was chosen as the capital of the Au Lac Nation of Thuc An Duong Vuong (the King Thuc). Hanoi later became the core of the ……………………… (8) movements against the Northern invasions. Located in the middle of the Red River Delta, the town has gradually expanded to become a very populations and rich residential center. 4. At different periods, Hanoi had been ………………………… (9) as the chief city of Vietnam under the Northern domination. In the autumn of Canh Tuat lunar years (1010), Ly Thai To, the founder of the Ly Dynasty, decided to transfer the capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La, and so he ……………………… (10) it Thang Long (Soaring Dragon). The year 1010 then became a historical date for Hanoi and for the whole country in general. For about a thousand years, the capital was called Thang Long, then changing to Dong Do, Dong Kinh, and finally to Hanoi, in 1831. This sacred piece of land thereafter continued to be the theatre of many fateful events. 5. Throughout the thousand years of its ……………… (11) history, marked by destruction, wars and natural calamities, Hanoi still preserves many ancient …………………… (12) works including the Old Quarter and over 600 pagodas and temples. Famous sites include the One Pillar Pagoda (built in 1042), the Temple of Literature (built in 1070), Hanoi Citadel, Hanoi Opera House, President Ho Chi Minh’s Mausoleum etc. 6. Hanoi also …………………… (13) contains 18 beautiful lakes such as Hoan Kiem Lake, West Lake, and Truc Bach Lake etc., which are the lungs of the city, with their surrounding gardens and trees providing …………… (14) of energy. 7. Many traditional handicrafts are also ………………………… (15) in Hanoi including bronze molding, silver carving, lacquer, and embroidery. Hanoi has many famous traditional professional handicraft villages such as Bat Trang pottery village, Ngu Xa bronze …………………… (16) village, Yen Thai glossy silk etc. 8 3. Identify parts of speech of the following words in the reading passage and guess their meanings in context. encompassed (1) hinterland (1) tributaries (1) sacred (3) rebaptized (4) fateful (4) calamities (5) vital (6) ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................ 4. Create the mind map or diagram to summarize the information about geography, history and tourism of Hanoi. Example o Thai Nguyen Vinh Phuc Hoa Binh Bac Ninh Phu Tho Hung Yen Ha Nam Hoa Binh 23,2 Geograph y Climate 1,800 mm Location Tropical monsoon Red river Other rivers Oct-Apr: cold Jan-Mar: light rain May-Sep: heavy rain & storm Listening – Introducing a tour 1. Work in groups, discuss these questions:     Do you know what a city tour is? What is an itinerary? Is the role of the tour guide important in a city tour? What is a commentary? How many steps are there in a commentary? What is the language of a commentary? Similar to a presentation, a tour commentary starts with an introduction. However, the tour introduction differs in some ways. Find out what should be included in a tour introduction. 9 2. Listening a. Listen to a tour guide introducing a tour, note down at least 5 things that are included in a tour introduction. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ……………………………………………………………….....…………… ………………………………………………………...……………………… ……………………………………………………...………………………… …………………………………………………...…………………………… …………………………………………………...…………………………… b. Listen again and complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE words. 1. It’s _______________ (1) to be your tour guide today. Let me introduce myself. 2. My name’s SON, _______________ (2) S-O-N, you see, I’m my parent’s son. 3. I’m _______________ (3) Indochina Trail, one of the leading travel companies in Vietnam, and Indochina as well. 4. Now, it’s time for us to _______________ (4) with each other. OK? Please say something about yourselves. 5. Well, we’ve introduced ourselves. As you know, today we’ll take a ____________ (5) around Hanoi. 6. I’d like to inform you about the _______________ (6) and the main activities of our tour today. 7. Before we start our tour, please remember some of our _______________ (7) to avoid culture shock at the site or with the local people. 8. For our tour, this is our _______________ (8). So please follow it so you won’t get lost. If you get separated from the group, look for the sign to help find our group again. 3. Match the sentences 1-7 in exercise 2b with the steps A-H below. A. Giving itinerary B. Introducing the group C. Introducing yourself (name, meaning) D. Greeting & welcoming tourists E. Giving a little background of yourself & your tour company F. Setting a meeting point G. Introducing the tour (subject, content) H. Giving ground rules 10 Speaking – Introducing a tour 1. Language upload Steps Greeting & welcoming tourists Introducing yourself (name, meaning) Giving a little background of yourself & your tour company Introducing the group Introducing the tour (subject, content) Giving itinerary Giving ground rules Setting a meeting point Useful expressions - Good morning/ afternoon/ evening! - Welcome to ……(Hanoi)! - On behalf of……, I’d like to welcome you all to…… - It’s my pleasure to be your tour guide today…… - My name’s……, spelled…… - In Vietnamese, it means……, but you can call me…… - I’m working for …… - I’ve been working as a tour guide for ……company for ……years. - Now, it’s time for us to become acquainted with each other. - Please say something about yourselves. - Now I’d like to get to know more about you. - I’d like to take a minute to familiarize with you. - Today we’ll take a …… (one-day city) tour to/ around…… - Our ……(culture) tour today will take place in…… - I’d like to inform you about the itinerary and the main activities of our tour today. - As you know, we’ll start at……and finish at…… - During the tour, we’ll have short breaks at …… (Tran Quoc Pagoda). - Taking part in this tour, you’ll have a chance to learn more about some of our …… (historical and cultural) features. - During the tour, we’ll visit some beautiful sights including …… - I promise you’re going to enjoy your travel. - Please remember some of our advice to avoid …… (culture shock) at the site or with the local people, please do not …… (litter), treat local people and minorities with respect …… - Please pay attention to some ground rules. - If you get separated from the group, look for the sign to help find our group again. - In case you get lost, don’t panic. Please wait for us at …… (the main gate). 11 2. Practice introducing a tour based on the given information You are a tour guide from FOT travel agent. You are taking a group of 15 tourists on a city tour around Hanoi. Choose one the two tours to introduce to your tourists. Tour 1 Daytime: - Starting point: Temple of Literature: learn about culture and education - Finishing point: French Quarter: sense the charming of Hanoi - Meeting point: Ly Thai To garden - Tour length: 8 hours (8h30 a.m – 4.30 p.m) - Attractions: St. Joseph’s Cathedral, Hanoi Opera House At night: - Ta Hien Beer: explore Hanoi nightlife - Ground rules: + Ta Hien Beer street comes to live at 18:00 + do not take much cash Tour 2 - Starting point: Ho Chi Minh mausoleum - Finishing point: Tran Quoc pagoda - Meeting point: main gate of Tran Quoc pagoda in Thanh Nien street (in case of getting lost – at 5 p.m) - Tour length: 9 hours (9 a.m – 5 p.m) - Attractions: Museum of Ethnology – West Lake – Tran Quoc Pagoda - Ground rules: at Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum + should not bring many belongings since the security is tight + be ready to queue since this is one of the most attractive places + no mobile/camera inside the mausoleum 3. Role-play the following situations using appropriate steps and useful expressions. Situation1:1 Situation You are a tour guide working for SET travel company. A group of 20 Australian businessmen have finished their meeting at Melia Hotel and are going to take a walking tour around the Old Quarter from 2-5pm. They would like to visit some historical places in Hanoi. Introduce a tour to them. Remember to include some famous destinations and ground rules in your talk. Situation Situation 22: You are a tour guide who major in school tourists. A class of 40 students from a primary school in Hanoi are going to visit Vietnam Museum of Ethnology. After all of them are settled on the bus, you introduce a tour and outdoor activities they will take part in at the museum. Ask for help from the teacher to manage the class and ground rules. 12 Writing – Ground rules 1. Ground rules are of great importance. If the guide does not follow or enforce the ground rules, tourists will lose respect for that guide and their culture and will not try to protect the culture or natural environment. Study the following ground rules and identify the techniques of writing them. Sustainability ground rules o Do not litter – the guide must provide garbage bags, collect them from the tourists and put them in a bin during or after the tour. o Do not pick flowers, plants, rocks, shells or anything natural as souvenirs. o Treat local people and minorities with respect – do not laugh at them or make negative comments on them. Ground rules o Listen to the guide – to show respect (for guide and group), avoid wasting time and to make it easier for others to hear. o Ask questions one at a time and wait for the answer before asking another. o stay together and stay near the guide to avoid getting lost or wasting the group’s time. o Do not smoke – inside museums, special sites or in the coach. The guide must enforce this rule to make sure the trip is pleasant for non-smokers. 2. Write some ground rules for tourists visiting St Joseph Cathedral, Hoa Lo Prison and Hoan Kiem Lake. Ground rules  ………………………………………… …………………………………............  ………………………………………… …………………………………………  ………………………………………… …………………………………………  ………………………………………… ………………………………………… 13 Ground rules  ………………………………………… …………………………………............  ………………………………………… …………………………………………  ………………………………………… …………………………………………  ………………………………………… ………………………………………… Ground rules  ………………………………………… …………………………………............  ………………………………………… …………………………………………  ………………………………………… …………………………………………  ………………………………………… ………………………………………… REFERENCE [1] Huu, Ngoc. & Borton, L. (2004). Vietnamese culture – Frequently asked questions. Hanoi, Vietnam, The Gioi Publishers. [2] Varga – Toth, J. (2007). Sustainable Tourism Training Project. Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi Open University. 14 Unit 2 Museums in Hanoi Objectives: o Acquire general knowledge of museums in Hanoi o Understand and use vocabulary and structures related to museums in Hanoi o Deliver a commentary about museums in Hanoi o Write a commentary of museums in Hanoi Getting Started 1. Following are pictures of some museums in Hanoi in Hanoi. Do you know what they are? 1 3 2 4 2. How many museums are there in Hanoi? Where are they? What are their opening hours? What are special features of these museums? 15 Vocabulary – Describing museums 1. Read the descriptions, fill in the gaps with a suitable word and say which museums  maintains cultural values  offers wide range of outdoor activities  is displayed in order of time  used to be a captivating area in-housed displays contemporary exterior dedicated Museum of Ethnology This museum offers visitors an insight into the 54 ethnic groups of Vietnam in an effort to persevere cultural heritage and promote socio-cultural diversity. Tourists will be instantly captivated by its (1)…… which is a giant white building, covering an area of over 4 ha and includes 3 main exhibition areas. While the (2)……… exhibition particularly showcases historical documents and objects in everyday life, customs of the 54 ethic groups of Vietnam, the outdoor area displays different cultural activities that make the museum stand out from the rest. Hoa Lo Prison Museum Ironically known as “Hanoi Hilton”, Hoa Lo prison was turned into a museum since the 90s chronicling the experiences of the Vietnam War of prisoners. The museum mainly (3)………evidence such as iron stocks, chilly damp cells where Vietnamese prisoners stayed during their sentence life. The museum also exhibits features (4)……… to the experience of American POWs which makes it a must-see destination for any tourists visiting Hanoi. Vietnam Fine Art Museum Vietnam Fine Art Museum is a gorgeous building with a typical French style. The museum is a treasure of religious, traditional, modern, and (5)……….Vietnamese art. As being displayed chronologically, the museum guides visitors through the easy lessons in the history of Vietnam featuring ancient Champa carvings, folk paintings of the 20th century, and the abstract works of the 21st century. The museum is so large that you might spend more than one visit to view all the inspiring (6)…… 16 2. Match the words with their definitions. 1. heritage a. features of a culture that was created in the past and still have historical importance 2. to showcase b. very valuable things 3. to exhibit c. to display 4. treasure d. following the order in which a series of events happened 5. chronologically e. to include someone or something as an important part 6. to feature f. to show something publicly 3. Answer the questions:  Which of these museums would you like to visit and why?  What can you say about a museum’s background information, outdoor area, inhoused exhibition, architecture, exhibits…? Reading – Visiting museums 1. What museum are most popular for tourists in Hanoi? Do you like vising them? Why? 2. Read the passage and answer the questions after that. Hoa Lo prison museum Hoa Lo prison was a big prison built by French colonialists at the end of the 19 century in order to imprison freedom fighters and Vietnamese revolutionaries. This place was the evidence of an aggressive imperialism and exposed the intentions th 17 and cruel actions of the authorities towards the Vietnamese. Hoa Lo prison was located on land originally belonging to Phu Khanh hamlet, former Tho Xuong District. This hamlet used to make stoves or ovens, so the prison was given the name Hoa Lo (which means "fiery furnace"). At one time, the Hoa Lo area, where handicraft people assembled, had a very romantic landscape with old pagodas intermixed with small houses but these, were all destroyed by the French in order to build the prison. Hoa Lo was different from other prisons like Con Dao, Son La and Buon Ma Thuot. While these three prisons were all isolated from civilization, Hoa Lo prison was constructed in the middle of Hanoi, the capital city of the French colonialists right beside the prison law court and detective department. For this reason, the French colonialists needed to build a prison solid enough to stop prisoners from escaping. The requirements for construction and raw materials were very high. All the cells had a few things in common: a roof with tiles, no ceiling and solid pale limed walls. Each room had a very small hole for a window (20x30 cm) making all the cells dark and stuffy. Excrement buckets were put in the corner of the room creating a dangerously polluted environment. Hoa Lo's condemned cells were very small only able to hold one to two people but were solidly built. Their walls were forty centimeters thick, three meters high. They were painted black from inside to outside, giving the feeling of a grave mound. Prisoners legs, either one or both, were often locked from day to night. The door opened only once or twice a day to feed the prisoners. These cells were used to imprison all the convicts who were considered to be dangerous, the prisoners who were sentenced to death and those who broke the law of the prison. In these cells, the prisoners ate, slept, urinated and defecated all in the same place. It is for this reason that Hoa Lo's cells were considered: "The Hell of Hell". After only one month of imprisonment, prisoners had sores covering their bodies and many lost their vision because of a lack of hygiene, sunlight and oxygen. The human rights abuses of the French colonialists not only showed the strict, barbarous and cruel prison system, but also exposed the forced hard labor system. The prisoners had to work very hard because their labor activities were tied to their meals. A lot of prisoners died because of being beaten, hunger, thirst or exhaustion. Punishment was officially decided by a prison committee, but in fact, the chief of the bureau, chief warders and supervisors punished the prisoners however they saw fit. All 18 the supervisors were taken from hooligan prisoners, so they were very cruel. Their inhuman actions killed many of the prisoners or left them permanently disabled. All people who were considered patriots were imprisoned here. The colonialists would stop at nothing in their attempt to smother the patriots' fighting spirit and discover communist party organizations. They used to torture in many ways such as hanging prisoners with solid string, putting their heads in water, using electricity until the prisoners came close to death. For women, they used even more barbarous ways such as putting electric eels into their trousers. The French used sticks or shoes to kick the stomachs and hips of pregnant women. Many of these women miscarried or gave birth to their babies prematurely, while others caught diseases which; plagued them for the rest of their lives. Children were forced to follow their mothers to prison. They were not given any additional rations and had to share the rice with the adults. For the children born in the prison, many suffered malnutrition as mothers were not able to produce enough milk. In the 1930's, prisoners were allowed to walk freely in the courtyard twice a day. During these precious times, the patriots exchanged or organized actions among guardhouses. They converted many Vietnamese inspectors so that all the patriot fighters could share information inside and outside the country. In the guardhouses, many patriots turned the prison into a school and a communist organization, fighting against the strict prison's system. In October 1954, after the revolution in the North, Hoa Lo was returned to the Vietnamese government and used to imprison American pilots. Based on the documents kept in Hoa Lo museum, we can imagine the life and treatments by the Vietnamese government of American pilots who participated in attacking Vietnam. They bombed Hanoi with a quantity of twenty atomic bombs. But when they were caught, they were treated fairly by the Vietnamese government. They had many chances to go to church to say prayers. Their birthdays were organized in the prison. Some of them became famous after the Vietnamese - American war such as Mr. Peterson who is the first ambassador of the United States in Vietnam. Because of the city's development plan, it was no longer suitable to have a prison in the middle of the capital, so it was decided to move the prison. In addition, the Vietnamese government wanted to show the humanity of their plan in closing the past, opening the future, shaking hands and making friends with people from all over the world. However, the construction of the museum had many difficulties. First, it was met with heavy opposition from the freedom fighters who were imprisoned at the Hoa Lo in the past. They did not want to lose the symbol of their memories at the time when they were imprisoned here. Then, as with all the monuments in Vietnam, there were serious financial obstacles to overcome. In addition, when the government granted permission to destroy two thirds of the prison and rebuild some main parts, some of the facts of history were changed. 19