Tài liệu Fostering self learning method in english for students in grade 6

INDEX CONTENT A. BACKGROUND I. Reasons for selecting topic II. Research purposes III. Time - Location -Scope of the study B. PROBLEM SOLVING I. Reasoning base II. The state of teaching and learning English in grade 7 III. Organization and solutions made to solve the problem 1. Manual methods of study in English for Grade 7 students 1.1. Methodology for old post 1.1.1. Learning new words 1.1.2. Learn by heart sentence patterns in lesson 1.1.3. Practice texts 1.1.4. Doing exercises in workbooks 1.2. Method of preparing new lesson 1.2.1. Preparing texts 1.2.2. Preparing the background knowledge relates to the lesson 1.2.3. Prepare issues and problems should be answered from teacher 2. Some other forms of self-study to improve knowledge of the language and develop communication skills 2.1. Self- learning and training through enhanced workbooks 2.2. Self-study on the Internet 2.3. Study with friends 2.4. Study with VCD 3. The way in implementing 3.1. Organizing training courses for students 3.2. Organizing test results 3.2.1. At the time to access all of the class when there is English 3.2.2. Check out the new pos preparation immediately in the period learning English. 3.3. Organizing different forms of learning for students 3.3.1. Establishing the English Steering Commision 3.3.2. Divide groups learning acording to living areas IV. Testing C. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION I. Conclusion II . Recommendation Page 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 8 9 12 12 12 13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 1 A. BACKGROUND I. Reasons for selecting topic When discussing the role of self-learning, former General Secretary Do Muoi said: "Self-learning, self-training is the development path throughout the life of each person, in our country's current social and economic conditions as well as in the future, it is also valuable traditions of Vietnamese people and Viet Nam nation . The quality and efficiency of education is enhanced when creating the learners’ innovative capacity, when changing the educational process into the process of self-education. The scale of education has been extended when there is a movement of the entire study population"(From a letter to the scientific research seminar to develope self-studing, self-training on June 1 1998). In developed society, the role of education is more important, as the driving force for development and social progress. Education must train the younger generation to be dynamic, creative, have enough knowledge, capacity and ability to adapt to social life, to develop society. For this, younger generation must have special power is the ability to self-learning, selfenhancing, self-improvement and these abilities must be formed from the school levels. Thus, we can help learners form their self-learning skills, self-study, continuously improve understanding of culture, Science and Technology, modernize their intellectual capital to become citizens, workers with full preparation step into life. Currently, the education sector has been constantly innovating teaching methods in schools and junior secondary schools. Modernizing methods associates with the practice, accords with the students in order to promote students’ positive potential and initiative in the process of obtaining knowledge. Every year there are many workshops on new teaching methods, active learning is applied widely to deliver the most effective learning for students from grade Ministry of Education and Training, Department of Education and Training and Education and Training. And most recently is the workshop "Improving the quality of English teaching in high schools and junior high schools." In fact, students in secondary schools learn a lot of subjects so the investment of time for each subject will be limited. Therefore, if a student does 2 not have the proper learning methods he can not get good grade in learning, but it takes a long time. In actual teaching, I found in the process of learning and practicing English, students have to face many difficulties, not their inability to acquire new knowledge that they have no effective methods in learning English. Learning a foreign language requires learners to be passionate, flexible, responsive and especially he must have self- study ability. Recognizing the importance and necessity of fostering a sense of selfstudy for students, in the teaching process I have to pay attention to measures to improve the learning spirit of the students to help them have the self-learning approach to deliver effective learning. The experience has been reflected in the theme: "Fostering self-learning method in English for students in grade 6". II. Research purposes Research to find out interesting and effective methods to help students learn English better. From then keep them interested in learning English and learning more. III. Time - Location -Scope of the study This topic is experimently conducted in grade 6 – TRAN PHU Secondary School from August 26, 2016 until February 26, 2017. 3 B. PROBLEM SOLVING I. Reasoning base In general the teaching process, teaching in secondary schools in particular, teachers keep a particularly important role is indispensable to the organization, control, guide and direct the learning activities of students. But reality shows that, although teachers have thorough knowledge, teaching methods are more experiened but students refused to invest time, no individual work, no desire to knowledge, no passion in learing, no plan and reasonable approach to learning, no motivation in learning ... learning does not achieve high results. So can confirm the role of self-study activities always keep a very important position in the learning process of learners. Studies are factors that determine the quality and effectiveness of learning activities. Thanks to the self-learning and only by self-learning, can students master new knowledge, understand knowledge, supplement and perfect form of knowledge as well as skills, techniques respectively. This was K.D.Usinxki said: only by students’ self - study can facilitate the understanding of knowledge. And so self-study activities will determine the quality of education - school training. Students’ self-study activities towards the holistic development of students personality. On the other hand, the self-education activities is not only urgently required and essential student sitting in school to receive their knowledge, improve their understanding of themselves but also have long-term significance during every human life, it is the habit of life long learning, because after leaving college learners must continue: learn, learn more, learn forever. Self - study not only has implications for the school itself but also greatly contribute to improving the quality of teaching and training. Saying so does not mean lowering the roles and responsibilities of teachers that under the organization, guidance and direction of teachers, students know how to learn, initiative, creativity occupy treasure knowledge of mankind. Thus, in order to improve the quality of students’ learning in our schools, we need to pay proper attention to the fostering of knowledge, improve the professional level of teachers and pay special attention to the location students in the center of collective action on how to fully exploit the potential inherent in their people and promote self-discipline, positive creative and active in the process of knowledge is to train personnel resources for the country. 4 II. The state of teaching and learning English in grade 6 Most students in the study are lack of methods, do not understand all the lesson’s focus, so it is very easy to forget and learn rampant. When forgetting, the old lesson is as the new post, takes a long time. When teaching English, teacher needs to illustrate visual media. In this way students can understand lesson’s content deeply. However, the use of media as a source of knowledge occupies a very low rate. With that using, students have few self-study activities, most of the activities are operated primarily by teacher , classroom asmostphere is boring, can not stimulate spirit for students, students access the knowledge passively from teachers, this leads to the study outcomes is not high. According to the passive ways of teaching from teachers, the training of self study skills as well as teacher’s self-study guides can not receive attention that’s why the quality of teaching hours is low. Besides, my school still does not have audio – visual room exclusively for English subject, equipments such as pictures, recordings, radio are not enough to cater for the teaching. The procurement of equipment serving the study English in their family is limited. The fact that English subject to some parents and students still considered a sub- discipline, so many parents and most students are unaware of the importance of this subject. A number of students in class is required to but because they do not have any motivation to study. Weak pupils are afraid to practice communication. Since the ability to absorb slowly, afraid to practice wrongly, fear of negative comments from teachers. At this age they are so giddy that the sense of learning is not high. In addition they are less focused on school and are very lazy in learning, especially in learning English.  Survey results on September 2016: Grade Students 6A 35 Excellent SL 3 Quite TL(%) SL TL(%) 8.6 5 14.3 Average Weak Unsatisfactory SL TL(%) SL TL(%) SL 18 51.4 8 22.9 1 TL(%) 2.8 III. Organization and solutions made to solve the problem 5 1. Manual methods of study in English for Grade 6 students 1.1. Methodology for old post For each student, before going to school they have to learn all the old class, this work must be done at home. When the children have methods in the study at home, the knowledge has been learned in the classroom will inculcate better for them, so as in class to acquire new knowledge they will understand immediately and have the opportunity to use and create. Then what will students learn at home? And how to learn effectively but still get excitement in learning? Here I would like to offer a number of study requirements when learning the old and point out some self – study methods in order to study old lesson effectively. 1.1.1. Learning new words: * The requirements when learning new words: - Must write English words. - Understand the Vietnamese meaning. - Know how to pronounce it in English. - Know English words that apply to the specific context in communication. * Some way to learn by heart new words quickly and efficiently: Method 1 : Draw a picture: Teachers guide students to draw simple images so that they can remember them longer. They can both draw, learn, thereby helping them engrave these words longer. With this method students are very easy to learn, easy to remember words that they have learned. : NEIGHBOURHOOD a bell MY I’m back home now. Hoi An was great! My neighbourhood’s very different. : earphone It’s in the suburbs of Da Nang City. There are many things I like about it. It’s great for outdoor it has sandy beaches, Method 2: Use a activities marker tobecause highlight newbeautiful words inparks, conversation or text. and fine weather. There’s almost everything I need here: shops, restaurants, TeachersEvery guidehouse students use markers highlightThe new wordshere in the and markets. has atobackyard and atofrontyard. people post, that students can They’re learn important words moreother efficiently. are so incredibly friendly. friendlier than faster those and in many places! And the food’s very good. However, there is one thing I dislike about it. Now, there are many modern buildings and offices so the streets are busy and crowded during the day. Can anyone write about what you like and don’t like about your neighbourhood? 6 Posted by Khang at 4:55 PM Method 3: Use of material Teachers guide students to use objects around them. When students learn a word related to the real object of life around us, teachers can guide students to recall or look at those things and point out what they are. With this method students can understand and remember words longer, and when they forget they can recall the words by looking at things that they have ever used before. For example: When learning Unit 2. My home. There are new words on the subject of furniture in the house, after learning the word, they will go home and imagine the English word when seeing the furniture in the house and can call the object's name. Clock Window Pictures bookshelf Computer Bed Table Pilow Clothes Method 4: Give an example: After a number of words learned in class, teachers can guide students to practice simple sentences with those words, from which students can remember 7 words and phrases in the right place so they can have the ability to use grammar better. For example: When learning: a farmer, uniform , difficult Students can give examples such as: My father is a farmer We usually wear uniform on Monday English is difficult Method 5: Learning by topic: With this method, students can systematise words which they have learned, thus helping students to strengthen and remember the word longer and deeper. For example: Subject Jobs Math Doctor Geography Teacher Music Journalist History Farmer 1.1.2. Learn by heart sentence patterns in lesson. *Requirements when learning sentence patterns: - Students can write sample sentences - Analyse the components in the sample sentences. - Use this form to place the question under specific circumstances - Find out situations in the lesson which use sample questions. *The ways to learn sentence patterns: + Write sample sentences in the handbook, including how to establish and use. + Find the sentences in the lessons, exercises relate to sentence patterns. + Self- thought out scenarios using sample sentence. For example: When learning Unit 2 . My home 8 Students learn about sentence introduction sentences * Form: There is… There are…. They will find the sentences in the lesson and analyse the components in a phrase such as: ‘There are some ceiling lights’ ‘There is a lamp’ There is a/ an ( one ) + singular noun There are plural nouns They will analyze the components in statement, understand how the patterns formed sentences. From the way of the establishment, the use and examples in lesson, they can invent scenarios using sample sentences: for example, they look at objects in the house When they see a dress: "there is a dress" Or see two lamps: "There are two lamps" 1.1.3. Practice texts * Requirements when practicing the text has been learned in class: - Practice the conversation in a natural way. - Summarize/Retell the texts. - Ask – answer about the content of the text. - Create a similar dialogue. * The ways to perform: Practice conversations may help your ability to pronounce better. When reading, students should take note the accent and intonation of the sentence. Themselves play the role in the conversation, if possible, it can be combined with friends or siblings to perform. Annealing their communication habits such as self-confidence, expressing the concern for communicating, if play alone they should stand before the mirror to practice. In conditions allow, they should record on and playback in order to recognize what is and is not. 9 For example: Unit 3: Communication Nam: What about going to the movíe? Lan: There aren’t any good movies on at the moment. Would you like to come to my party? We can listen to some music Hoa: I’m sorry, Lan. I can’t come. I have too many assignments To summarize or recount text’s content teachers should guide students to understand the main content of the article then apply their knowledge to rephrase. Note the necessary changes. + Converting pronouns ( I / You - > He / She ... , my / your - > his / her, me - > her / him ... ) + Use the correct verbforms to suit the new subject. (I do... - > She does..) The purpose of English education at junior high school is the purpose of communication, students apply the knowledge they have learned, base on the situations are familiar, they will create a different dialogue. Teacher should guide students when creating a dialogue must note: + Communication purposes, what topic will be said? + Objects that appear in the conversation is? + Activities will have in lesson? + Use the present simple, present continuous or future intended? + Situation where they will use this dialogue? For example: Basing on the dialogue between Phuc and Duong in Unit 3: The children will create another situation to talk about the future plans and arrangements A surprise guest Phuc: This is a great idea, Duong. I love picnics! Duong: Me too, Phuc. I think Lucas likes them too. (Dog barks) Phuc: Ha ha. Lucas is so friendly! Duong: Can you pass me the biscuits please? Phuc: Yes, sure. 10 Duong: Thank you. What are you reading, Phuc? Phuc: 4Teen. It’s my favourite magazine! Duong: Oh, look! It’s Mai. And she is with someone. Phuc: Oh, who's that? She has glasses and she has long black hair. Duong: I don’t know. They’re coming over. Mai: Hi Phuc. Hi Duong. This is my friend Chau. Phuc & Duong: Hi, Chau. Nice to meet you. Chau: Nice to meet you too. Duong: Would you like to sit down? We have lots of food. Mai: Oh, sorry, we can’t. It’s time to go home. This evening, we are working on our school project. Duong: Sounds great. I’m going to the judo club with my brother. How about you, Phuc? Phuc: I’m visiting my grandma and grandpa. Chau: OK, see you later! Phuc & Duong: Bye! 1.1.4. Doing exercises in workbooks * Requirements when doing exercises: - Do the homework teacher assigns after each classroom lesson. 11 - Do the exercises within the knowledge they have learned, or if possible they can do all the other exercises in the workbooks. * How to do exercises in English Workbook 6. - First the teacher will help students understand about the workbook, understand the requirements in English in the book and the way to do. - Use a pencil to do homework - Directly do in the workbooks - In the process, if students recognize any new word they will underline and try to guess the meaning and if necessary they will look at the dictionary and translate the definition next to this word. Then take note into their personal vocabulary notebook. - Discussing with friends to complete assignments. - In the process of doing the exercises, heeding students take note new words, structures, grammar appear in these exercises to expand linguistic knowledge. For example: Exercise filling in the blank with an appropriate preposition. They will record the use of some prepositions like "from ..... to, in, at, on " - from + time + to + time ( Ex: From 8 a.m to 6 p.m) - On + date ( Ex: On Monday…) - In + month……(Ex: In January, in the morning…) 1.2. Method of preparing new lesson Besides all the old lessons, they also have to know how to study, prepare themselves in the post. Here are some ways to foster students how to prepare at home. 1.2.1. Preparing texts Preparing texts is an important work to help students to acquire all the lessons faster and more efficiently. - Readthe text, use a pencil to underline new words they had preparedbefore, find new phrases (if any) - Read the requirements of the text and implement those requirements. 12 - Review questions relate to knowledge of the previous post. Example: Unit 6: Skills1 I learnt some beliefs about Tet from my parents. At Tet people present rice to wish for enough food, red fruits for happiness. Dogs are lucky animals. Their barking sounds like ‘gold’. But one shouldn’t present a cat because its cry sounds like the Vietnamese word for poverty. Don’t eat shrimps. They move backwards and you will not succeed in the New Year. The knowledge required to review: + Possesive adjectives: N + 's + Presentsimple: S + be + adj / N and S + V (s, es) + Future simple: S + will + V (inf) 1.2.2. Preparing the background knowledge relates to the lesson The knowledge they obtain through classroom lessons from textbooks is not enough for them to get a deep understanding, flexibility to apply to life . They need to be equipped with the practical and meaningful knowledge, for when they have to communicate anywhere they will also apply confidently.Therefore, they need to equip themselves with the background knowledge and objects or pictures relate to lessons. Example : When learning Unit 10: A closer look 1 they need to prepare the following related contents: Remembering things relate to some modern appliances in the house such as wireless TV, hi- tech robot ..... What does wireless TV do? It helps us watch prograammes from space. 1.2.3. Prepare issues and problems should be answered from teacher - First students need to identify the problems they do not understand then the teacher will explain, they should not be too serious about not understanding a question, or do not finish a part of the exercise, they will be scarified. 13 - Encourage them to study actively and take note these issues and problems, then ask their teacher when going to class, at recess or at any time that teachers are willing to help. - Teachers are always willing to help them learn and develop English courses, encouraging students with many questions and many creative ideas. 2. Some other forms of self-study to improve knowledge of the language and develop communication skills 2.1. Self- learning and training through enhanced workbooks In addition to the exercises that teachers assign homework in the workbook, students can still learn and improve their knowledge by doing the exercises in complementary and enhanced workbooks, or English fostering books ... This is a kind of difficult assignments, only excellent students are interested in doing. However, we still encourage them to join, although they can not do all, do a few sentences in the book is also very precious and creditable. The way to do these exercises like doing homework in English Workbook 7. Students work with a pencil, record the information and content they do not understand to ask friends or teachers. 2.2. Self-study on the Internet With a modern society, the explosion of technology as now brings many advantages for children in learning and entertainment. On the Internet there are many sites to learn English or with an effective search engine such as " Google", they can find any information they want. An important thing is that they have excitement and conditions to study on the network or not. Teachers also need to understand and give them some addresses to learn English on the network. Help them cultivate language knowledge and practice using the language, such as: Englishteststore.vn/globaledu.com.vn/tienganh123.com/lopngoaingu.com/ 2.3. Study with friends If every day students sit in a room and learn English alone, the long days they will get bored. So changing the form of self-study is also essential. Students not only study alone but also can learn with peers - people who have the same thoughts, the same common interests and passions excitement in learning 14 English. That’s why teachers need to encourage them to raise awareness for their study. Discussing with friends the new information they have learned, work together to solve the issues and problems while doing exercises in enhanced workbooks, and together play the puzzle quizzes in English, or test vocabulary from each other's by playing the game "word by word" or teachers can guide students some games which they can play at recess, or when they learn at home. 2.4. Study with VCD This is a form children will be absorbed, because on English disc will have cheerful images and sounds and encourage them to discover and do not want to stop . I tested grade 6, the children were very excited and some students have bought disc to study at home themselves. Besides, there are other funny entertainment parts in English, such as VCD : "Learn English with Gogo". 3. The way in implementing 3.1. Organizing training courses for students Session 1: Course Introduction, the importance, practical significance of learning English. Spiritualizing the role of self-study. Organizing playing some games using English to inspire and help students see the fun of the English language . They will realize that learning a foreign language, though it is difficult but is very good and interesting. I use technology to bring students vivid images and the most attractive games. Session 2: Self-study old lesson and prepare new post. In this session students will be equipped with an understanding of the importance, role and self-study methods in learning old lesson and preparing new post at home. 15 The contents they have learned will be taken notes in a notebook "study and preparation lesson in English 6". Then they will practice right in the classroom, show directly in their notebook. In order to help students to prepare new words, they can look at the transcriptions and read new words, I instructed them how to read transcriptions of some other syllables which are different from Vietnamese words. Session 3: Introducing some other different forms and means. Emphasizing to children that it is very important if they are active in learning, they need to consolidate and enhance all the knowledge and communicative skills in English in many different forms. During the study, the children will record the useful statement, the situations they find necessarily, or the content they do not understand need teachers explain clearly. Then they will practice by doing exercises in complementary and enhanced workbooks English 7, students will read some funny stories in English, while others will learn through English disc. 3.2. Organizing test results 3.2.1. At the time to access all of the class when there is English The time checking old lesson is the time for children to review the old knowledge and relates to new post. I myself am a teacher teaches the English subject but I often act as a class homeroom teacher, I frequently lecture at the time to check students’ preparation, urge them and check out books "Learning old lesson and new preparation for new post" of the children. Then I ask some students about the content of old post. For example, ask students to write an English word on a draft within the words they have learned. The first time 100 % students did very well . After a few weeks, there were three students " forget " learning old lesson, so the time checking old lesson is also to remind them to be more aware, besides if students who do not learn it will encourage them study imediately upon this time. 3.2.2. Check out the new pos preparation immediately in the period learning English During school hours to maximize the knowledge they had prepared at home. Instead of putting out new words teachers should make suggestion and 16 call students to answer. The content they have prepared for new post need to expressed themselves. These help them feel so excited that they will prepare lesson at home. And teachers will give extra knowledge concerning about lessons , expand vocabulary and improve their knowledge by different contents. If they have prepared lessons they will be enthusetic to answer teacher’s questions and amend for their friends’ answers and ask questions they do not understand which need the teacher explain more. 3.3. Organizing different forms of learning for students 3.3.1. Establishing the English Steering Commision In a class will have various students, the purpose of the establishment of the Steering Commision is that excellent and quite students can help teachers examine the students’ study and preparation at home, on the other hand the Steering Commision will help bad students to learn better, or their self- study has been not high yet. Even in class they can help each other learn, share knowledge problems they do not understand. 3.3.2. Divide groups learning acording to living areas Students in my school are living locally, each neighborhood has a few children learn together in a class. So a small group together to share learning at home is very convenient. Grade 6 has 35 students was divided into 7 groups. Each group has a pretty student will become leader. The group’s content activity is learning old lesson together and prepare all new posts. Besides every group is eager to study their favorite contents. IV. Testing *Survey results the first term: Grade Students 6A 35 Excellent SL 5 Quite TL(%) SL TL(%) 8.6 8 14.3 Average Weak Unsatisfactory SL TL(%) SL TL(%) SL 17 51.4 5 22.9 0 TL(%) 0 Thus, comparing with the results of the survey at the beginning of the year, the percentage of students got excellent, fair grade increased significantly, decreased the percentage of weak and unsatisfatory, and it was practical that when using this method students could promote proactivity, creativity, posivity in learning. This led to school hours are becoming more vibrant, is the driving 17 force to motivate teachers teach well and try to improve the knowledge and practical experience to help students love this subject more and study better . C. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION I. Conclusion Through direct practical teaching 6th grade English and the process to implement the project " Fostering self-learning method in English for students in grades 6 " I realized that before forstering students’ self - study it is required to bring the students understanding of the subject. Since then emphasizing them see the importance and practical significance of learning English. Make them interested in the subject, love and zeal to explore new things. Since the interest in new subjects they will efforts in studying and strive. Learning is hard but teaching is doubly harder. So, I think, if you want to become better teachers of foreign languages you must have a correct perception, always to explore, create, constantly retrain professional skills, study at anywhere, anytime, with any forms and encourages students to study, listen to comments from colleagues, intimacy, understand students in order to draw experiences and find out suitable methods for each lesson. Moreover, we ourselves must be passionate, have enthusiasm for teaching to be able to achieve the desired results. II. Recommendation For the application of this procedure successfully and more effectively in each period, I have some suggestions and recommendations as follows: In addition to training in teaching methods by the Thanh Hoa Department of Education and Training held annually, Education and Training sector of Thanh Hoa City need to organize training sessions, thematic teaching to help English teachers in our city have an opportunity to learn, exchange experiences with each other. Besides, the equipment fitted to the case, such as audio-visual room, illustrations, cassette ..... is really necessary. Schools should facilitate, encourage and help teachers make good teaching job to bring quality of education in English is more and more increased./. 18 CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL Thanh Hoa, March 2, 2017 I hereby declare this my intiative experience, do not copy other people’s content. The implementation Nguyễn Thị Hồng 19