Tuvi§N T~P
~?fte~(4-
"
VlET-ANB
•
...
,
A
Lei NOI f)AU
Hien nay, trong mang nghien cuu, bien soan thanh ngil, 11;1c
ngii tieng Anh rnoi chi c6 cac sach Anh - Viet la luang d6i phong
phii, con Mu nhu chua c6 cuon Vi¢t - Anh nao 13.d~y du va co de)
chlnh xac cao. Trong khi d6, mot cuon Thanh ngu, TI:IC ngtt, Ca dao
Viet - Anh Ia rat can thiet. No lam cho ngiroi dung sach titt kiern
duoc nhieu thai gian va cOng sire m6i khi muon tim m91 thanh ngil
hay tuc ngtr luang duong trong tieng Anh. De tai nay se giup nguoi
hQCtieng Anh c6 von tir vung phong phti, th~ hien y nrong cua mlnh
mot each bong bay, giau hlnh anh, c6 nhirng cau noi day tinh triet ly
va thong thai khi giao tiep bang tieng Anh voi nguai mroc ngoai.
D6ng thai, no cung giup ngiroi day tieng Anh dua ra nhirng thf du rat
hap dan trong qua trlnh len lap, gay himg thu hoc l~P cho hQCsinh,
mang Iai hieu qua cao cho gia day, Ngoai ra, tai lieu nay con giup
nguai nuoc ngoai dang hoc tieng Vi~t tim hieu kho lang Van hoa dan
gian Viet Nam.
Tuy da mat nhieu cOng sue nhirng khong th~ tranh khoi nhtrng
thieu sot do chu quan trong viec tlm nhimg thanh ngu, rue ngir tuong
duong giua hai thii tieng mot each chfnh xac tuyet doi. V~y nen toi
rat mong duoc sL!gop Y chan tinh ella cac dong nghiep va ban dQC.
Tdc gia Nguy~n Dlnh Hung
vAl NET VE
THANHNGii
. Tue
NGii
•
VIET
- ANH
•
9
I.PHAN BItT THANH NGU VOl
rue NGU.
Khi sAp hoan thanh viec SUU tam cua rnlnh, toi e6 y dinh ghi
ro don vi tieng Viet nao la thanh ngu hay we ngu
nhiing ai can doc
co nhieu thuan lei hon trong viec Slr dung tap tai lieu nay. Nhung t6i
thay ngay la minh g~p phai mot kho khan rat 1&1.
de
Thoat tien, toi dua vao quyen Tuc ngil"Viet Nam ella nha xuat
ban Khoa hoc xli h¢i -1975 thi thay da sc cac don vi tieng Viet toi
suu tam Iii tuc ngtt. Den khi toi xern cuon Tir dien giai thich thanh
ngil"tieng Viet cua Trung tarn Khoa hoc xa hoi va nhan van quoc gia Vien Ngon ngii hoc -1998 thi lai va Ie ra HI hau het cac don vi do Ia
thanh ngii. TOi xin trich dan mot s6 tnrong hop co su sAp xep khong
thong nhat 0 hai cuou sach do nhu:
Sai mot ly di mot darn
Ca 160 nu6t cci be
An
di tnroc, IOinuoc di sau
co
Mot tien ga ba tien thoc
chon noi, choi chon ban
Giau 'd6i ban, sang d6i vq...
o
TOi thay hoang rnang qua va quyet dinh khong dam thuc hien
y do phan IOC;li r5 rang dau Hi tuc ngfr, dau lit thanh ngil"tieng Viet nita
vi ve mat nay kha nang ella toi khong eho phep. Tuy nhien, tOi thay
cung phai rut fa mot s6 dinh huong cho ban than va giup cho cac
dong nghiep cung hoc sinh khi doc tai lieu nay co nhiing nhan dinh
ca nhan trong viec phan biet 11:lC ngu vai thanh ngu.
Theo dinh nghia trong Tir di~n tieng Viet cua Vien Ngon ngit
hoc - Nha xuat ban Da Nang -1977 thl:
"Thanh ngii lil tap hop 'tir c6 dinh da quen dung rna nghia ella
no thuong khong the giai thich ducc mot each don gian bang nghia
ella cac tir tao nen
no.'
Thi du:
M"t nang hai suong
Ran sanh fa rna
Dam ba che cu."
10
"Tuc ngli lit diu ngan gQn, thuong c6 v~n dieu, due k€t tri
thirc, kinh nghiern song va dao due thuc tien cua nhan dan. Thi du:
D6i cho sach, rach cho thorn
M¢t giQt mau dao hon ao mroc Hi.
Thira nguai nha rnoi ra ngiroi ngoai."
Qua hai dinh nghia tren, ta chua thay het duoc su khac nhau
gilia thanh ngu va tuc ngil rna phai phan tieh them nhu sau:
1. Tuc ngu la ffiQtcau noi hoan chinh, dien dat tron ven mot 9
mang nQi dung nhan xet quan he xli hoi, truyen d~t kinh nghiem
song, eho bai hoc luan 19 hay phe phan Sl! viec. Do d6, mot diu tuc
ngu co the diroc coi la mot "tac pharn van hoc" hoan chinh vi n6
mang trong mlnh ca ba chtrc nang eo ban ella van hoc la chec nang
nhan thrrc, clurc nang tham my va chrrc nang giao due. Vi du nhir cau
tuc ngil' Viet Nam "Thuan vq thuan chong, tat ~ dong cling can" dien
dat mot nhan xet ve sue manh dean ket, mot kinh nghiem song va
lam viec eo hoa hop thi moi dem lai ket qua, mot luan Iy trong quan
he vq chong. Chdc nang nhan thee trong cau tuc ngu nay Iii giup cho
can ngi..ai hieu ducc eo sa cua quan h¢ vq chong Iii blnh d~g, dan
chu va thong cam v6i nhau. Chtrc nang giao due ella n6 lit gop phan
dira tinh cam giil'a nguai va nguai thea huang tot dep trong quan he
vc:jchong noi rieng va trong quan h~ xii hQi noi chung. Chuc nang
tham my ella no la
truyen rai noi dung nen nguoi ta da dung each
noi cuong dieu va c6 hlnh anh khien ngtrai dQC de bi thuyei phuc va
tiep thu.
de
2. Thanh ngil' la mQt cum tir co dinh da quen dung. Xet ve m~t
ngu phap thi no chua the la mot cau hoan chinh, vi the n6 chi nrong
duong vO'imot tir, Thanh ngu khong neu len mot nhan xet, mot kinh
nghiem song, mot bai hoc Iuan 19 hay mot s1,lphe phan nao ccl nen no
thuang mang chuc nang thim my chu kh6ng c6 chuc nang nMn thue
va chuc nang giao d1:'c,rna thieu hai chue nang nay thi n6 khong th~
tra thfmh m¢t tac pham van hQc trQn Vyn dtrQ'c.Cho nen, thanh ngfr
thuchan 16 mtii" c6 thanh ngft "XD chan 16 mui". Hoac
trong cau tuc ngu "Chay nha hang x6m, blnh chan nhu vai" thl c6
thanh ngu "blnh chan nhu vai". Chung ta cilng thay hien urong d6
trong tuc ngft Anh. Vi du trong cau tuc ngfr "Don't put all your eggs
a
14
in one basket" co chua thanh ngii' "put all one's eggs in one basket".
Hoac trong cau H;lC ngO "Birds of a feather flock together" co chua
thanh ngif "birds of a feather".
Mot diem gi6ng nhau mra la trong 1m noi cua mlnh, nguoi
Viet ta ding nhir nguoi Anh co th~pha vo ket cau cua cau WC ngu san
co. thay d6i di mot chut d~ sii dung vao rnuc dfch dien dat rieng cua
ban than mlnh cho dung voi ngll canh cu the nao do. Thi du trong
tieng Viet, tit nhtmg cau:
An nen doi, noi len loi,
Cai kho bo cai khon.
Co nguai dli chuyen th~ thanh ra:
An khong
nen doi, noi khong len lei.
Cai kho 16 cai khon.
Cling nhu vay trong tieng Anh, tir cau tuc ngll"Man proposes,
God disposes" co nguoi da pha vo ket cau ella no di bang each thay
the cap danh tu nay bang cap danb ttt khac tao thanh bien the nhu
"The writer proposes. the readers dispose". Sl;lthay d6i nay tao hieu
qua sinh ra mot cau tuc ngu moi co noi dung thu hep phil hop voi de
tai cau chuyen rna nguoi do de cap den. Hoac trong cau tuc ngu
"Never put off until tomorrow what we can do today" ta co the dt
dang thay dong ttt "do" bang "eat" hoac "buy" ... lam cho lai noi
them tinh hili huoc, de lam cho nguoi nghe thay vui va dong y thuc
hien mong muon cua mmh.
de
2, Nhflng net kluic biet gifla tuc ngu Anh va Vi~t.
tv
Tuy nhien chung ta thay dieu kien
nhien, xa hoi khac nhau
tao ra ban sAc dan l(lc va nen van hoa khac nhau, vi the
tuc ngu
cua hai dan toe Viet va Anh co nhtmg khac biet kha roo
rna
Diem khac nhau thu nM't Ia nhimg cau tuc ngu noi v~ kinh
nghiern san xuat, thai ti~t, thien nhien chiem mot phan dang k~ trong
kho tang tuc ngO' Viet Nam, the hien rat ro d~c tinh cua mot cu dan
nong nghiep lay Ilia mrcc lam hrong thirc chfnh. Vi du nhu nhtmg cau
tuc ngu:
- Tat giang, t6t
rna, t6t rna, t6t hia,
15
- Mot lirot tat, mot bat com.
- Mu6n giau nuoi trau cai, mu6n 11:1n
bai nuoi bo cau.
- Dau nam strong mu6i, cuoi nam gi6 nom ...
Nhtmg tuc ngu nhu the' lh~t kh6 rna tlm duoc cau urong duong
trong tieng Anh, boi Ie tuc ngO'mroc Anh hau nhu tap trung phan anh
moi quan h~ xii hoi rna it d~ cap toi moi quan he vui thien nhien va
kinh nghiern san xuat.
Diem khac nhau thu hai 13.trong tuc ngil Viet Nam tinh phan
phong, tlnh dau tranh giai cap duoc tM hien rat ro net, rat quyet liet
trong mot s6 luong Urn nhfmg cau tuc ngil vui nhtmg tu ngu va hlnh
anh vita tharn thuy, sau cay vua tao bao nham to cao nhimg cai xau xa
cua giai cap thong tri, dong thoi phan anh nhirng mau thuan giua
nong dan vui dia chu va quan lai tham nhung. Vi du nhu nhiing cau:
- Mieng quan, tron tre.
- Quan thay kien nhu kien thay rna.
- Muon n6i gian lam quan rna n6i.
- Hay lam thl doi, hay n6i thl no.
- Ba tien ba thoc, ba c6c gl ai. ..
Trong khi do, tuc ngfr tieng Anh c6 tfnh phan phong rat rna
nhat, tinh dau tranh giai cap khong quyet liet. .. the hien so luong it
oi, loi le va hlnh anh kin dao chu khong tao bao, sau cay. Chung ta
chi g~p mot s6 it diu n6i lien quan den vua chua, lu~t phap bat cong
a
nhir:
A cat may look at a king.
(Chu mea nho dam ngo mat vua)
One law for the rich and another for the poor.
(LU~l tnroc cho nguoi giau, Luat sau cho ke kho),
Diem khac nhau thu ba la mot cau tuc ngil Anh (proverb) kho
co th~ bi lam voi mot thanh ngu Anh (idiom), con doi vcri mot so cau
rue ngil Viet thl tuy thea blnh dien nghien ctiu, phan tich rna co th~
vira la tuc ngil, vita la thanh ngil (nhu dli noi a muc J). Vf du cau
"Trang Am, ngoai em" neu xem d61a mot hien tuong cho ta khai quat
thanh mot khai niern v~ su yen 6n ca ve d6i n¢i lan d6i ngoai thl day .
la mot thanh ngu, Nhung xet theo m6i quan h¢ nhAn qua "trong am" "ngoai em" thl day la cAUtl:le ngu VI no due ket mQt kinh nghi¢m III
1&
su doan ket n(>ib¢ IS.co sa viing ehAc cho su On dinh trong quan he
d6i ngoai.
Mot diem khac nhau mta la trong viec sir dung phep An d1:1
(Metaphor) a t1:1C
ngii' hai mroc co dung nhttng hlnh nrong khac nhau
d~ dien dat mot y kien, mot nhan thee, mot su phe phan gi6ng nhau.
Thf d1:1cau 11:1engu Vi¢t "Hang sang chet bo chieu'' co th~ nrong dOng
vai cau 11:1engil Anh "The cobbler's wife is the worst shod" trong do
dung hlnh nrong vg anh tho chua giay lai Ia nguai di giay xau nhat.
Hol}c cau 11:1Cngu Vi~t "Ngiru t~m nguu, rna tam rna" thl nrong d6ng
voi cau tuc ngu Anh "Birds of a feather flock together" trong do lai
dung hlnh tuong 1ft nhimg con chim co cung mot th(r long thl 11:1 tap
thanh dlm voi nhau.
Cuoi cung, cling can neu len rnot nhan xet nho nii'a 18.dOi khi
mot cau tuc ngu Anh chi trung y m<)t phan vai cau tuc ngii' Viet,
Nhimg co hie phiii tim den hai cau tuc ngii' Viet rnoi co du y d~ nrong
dOng voi mot cau tI,1C ngii' Anh. Thi du cau tuc ngu Anh "Each bird
loves to hear himself sing" (con chirn nao cilng thfch nghe tieng hot
cua mlnh) chi nrong dirong ve y voi mot mra cau tuc ngil' Vi¢t "Van
rninh, ve nguci". Ngtroc lai, phai can hai cau tuc ngu Viet la "An co
chimg, choi co dQ" va "Tim bat kha ep" thl moi co du y d~ dien dat
cau tuc ngu Anh "Eat at pleasure. drink with measure" (An tuy thlch,
u6ng tuy sire) ...
111.BAN VE HAl CHU "eA DAO" TRONG
la
86 slfU
TAP NAy.
mac
Dong nghiep cua chung tOi co Anita Gallagher dii thac
la tai sao toi lai dna tit "folksongs" vao nhan
cua cuon sach nay.
C6 Ie dich "ca dao" III "folk - song" hay "pop- song" thi nguoi mroc
ngoai se hieu Iii "dan ca'' mat. Nhe ra, d~ tranh hi~u
thl nen dich
Iii "six - eight - word distich" nghia
mot cap g6m hai cau tho luc
bat. Nhung nhu th~ thl nhan
cu6n sach lai qua dail TOi da pruii giai
thich cho Anita day la nhiing cau luc bat da t\1C ngir hoa (become
proverbial) va diroc dua vao nhu nhCing dan vi tl;lc ngil' khac chu
khOng con lil lai clla mOt bai dan ca nhu "Yeu nhau coi ao eho nhau"
nO'a.
de
de
la
lam
Trong eac sikh suu tam tye ngil' Vi¢t Nam ngay nay deu co rat
nhitu nhiing cau ll;lC bat lay til kho tang ea dao ra rna thuang co nghla
17
tuong dong voi mot cau tuc ngtr nao day, Cac cong trlnh nhu tht co tit
dau the ky 20 va D¢i dung SIIU tarn thuong g6m
thanh ngii, tuc ngu
ca
va ca dao. Thi du nhu:
- "Tuc ngu phong dao" cua Nguyen Van NgQC, xu4't bin
Ian
dau 1928.
- "Phong dao, ca dao, phuong ngon, tuc ngil" cua Nguyen Van
Chieu - 1936.
- "N gan ngtt phong dao" cua Nguyen Can M¢ng - 1941.
- "Tuc ngu, ca dao, dan ca Viet Nam" cua Vii NgQC Phan,
xuat ban Ian dau tien nam 1958.
T6i muon khai thac triet d~ khfa canh nay de lam cho bc? SIIU
tap cua minh darn da ban sac dan toe hon, vui tum hon va de dom
hon. Thf du, a cac sach khac tac gia chi dira vao thanh ngil "a hien
gap tanh" thl toi cho them phan "cling":
hien thl lai g~p lanh,
o
Nhirng nguoi nhan due trei danh phuc cho.
Hoac :
Cling:
Phu tai san lam khach hfiu cau.
Ngheo hen gilia cho ai choi,
Giau trong hang nui nhieu nguoi hoi tharn.
o day ta can phan biet ca dao thuan toy va ca dao da: tuc ngil
hoa. Nhii'ng cau ca dao thuan tuy dai loai nhtr:
"Co kia tat nuO'e ben dang,
bat anh trang yang d6 di'',
Sao co
Hoac:
"Qua dlnh nga n6n trong dlnh,
Dlnh bao nhieu ng6i thuong minh bay nhieu" ...
chi ca ngoi cai dep trong lao dong hoac n6i len cam xuc nho thirong
cua mot ca nhan nao d6 trong mot hoan canh cu the khien nguoi ta
ngdu hung sang taco Chung khong nharn IDI,IC dich tong ket va ph6
bien nhiing kinh nghiem doi song, kinh nghiem lich sir - xa h¢i cua
nhan dan lao dong. Trong sach SI1U tam nay, t6i chi dua vao nhUng
cau ca dao da:tuc ngu h6a thoi, Chung co day du nhtmg tinh chat cua
mot cau tuc ngii nhu da phan tlch 0 phan 1.
11 .
M~ vin d~ d~t ra la ngoai ca dao, trong tieng Viet con co
nhirng ytu t6 gl co the tuc ngil' hoa diroc? Nhln ra th~ gim, ta thay
noi cua cac nhan vat trong cac lac pham cua nhllng nha van
Ian cac nuae nhu Nga, Phap, Anh v.v ... da tra thanh thanh ngtt, tuc
ngu va duqc dua vao lU ditn thanh ngO'- ngu ell hQC(Phraseological
dictionary) cua nhiing nuOe do. Thf du:
nhieu 1m
- I.Kri-16p (Nga) co cau "Mot thang ng6c hay giup do con
nguy hiem hon
thu''.
ca ke
- Tit dau de m<)t chuyen ng1:lngon cua La Fontaine (Phap) ta
co thanh ngu "sao muon long cong" .
- Shakespeare (Anh) c6 cau "Much ado about nothing". tarn
dich la "Be xe ra to".
Ben canh nhimg thanh ngu. tuc ngfi' nhu tren day, trong cac
sach suu t~m hose tu di~n thanh ngil - ngO' cti hoc bao gio ngiroi ta
ding neu ten tic gia va th~m chi con trfch dan c8. tac pham nea.
Theo huong do, ben canh cau "Bao gio chach de ngon da" toi
da manh dan them mot cau wong dong cho n6 III "Bao gia cho den
thang mum". M~ du doll! ten mot phim Vi¢t Nam, nlurng n6 dll tro
thanh cau noi cira mieng cua nhieu ngllai rn6i khi mu6n am chi mot
hy vong kho tra thanh hi~n thuc. ThC1Ilg t1:1 nhu vay, toi dua vao cau
"Bi~t r6i, khO Him, noi mai" trong "SO do" cua Vll Trong Phung rna
trong cuoc s6ng hang ngay ta thirong nghe nhac den. TOi thay neu
huang nay duqc chip nhan thi kho tang thanh ngu. tuc ngu Viet Nam
se ngay csng phong phii va phat trien.
Ngoai ra, toi con dinh dira vao mot so cau tho cua cac nha tho
n6i tieng nUClcta, co the la luc bat, that ngon, bat ngOn...
mang
tinh eMt due ke"tkinh nghiem trong cuoc song. Thi du:
co
COn bac, cOD tien con d~ III
Het CC1Il1, htl nrou het ong t6i.
Nguyen Binh Khiem
Hoac:
Tha mot phut huy hoang r6i chot tAt.
Con han bu6n Ie loi su6t tram nam.
XudnDi~u
19
Dieu thu vi la nhtmg cau tho nay lai co cau luang dirong trong
tieng Anh va cac tieng khac nua! Nhirng 9 nrong nay khong duoc
chia se hoan toan. M~t vai dOng nghiep day van th) ung he, nhimg
mot s6 khac thl kien quyet phan d6i, cho rang tho III tho, khong th~
dua vao mot cu6n sach co lieu de rue ngu, ca dao dtroc. V~y nen tOi
da tarn tit be 9 dinh nay cua mlnh. Tuy nhien, trong mot vai b¢ S\1U
t~p cua cac rae gia khac toi da thay co cau nhu vay.
Tren day lit mot viii 9 kien rna toi thu hrom duoc va phat trien
qua cac tai lieu doc du<;1Cve tuc ngu va thanh ngu Viet cilng nhu Anh.
Toi da sap xep lai cho hop 19, d~ hieu va chi them viti ba nh~ dinh
rieng ella ban than trong nhUng dieu dii trlnh bay 0 pharr thu nhf(t
nay. Cong sue ella tOi trong de tai nay chu yeu Ia nam 0 phan thu hai
trong viec tlrn nhtrng cau tuc ngu luang dong cua hai ngon ngil' Viet Anh va SlIU tam duoc mot s6 dan v! thanh ngii, tuc ngu, ca dao thong
dung chua co 0 cac tai lieu khac rna ban than tei Iffylam tarn dac.
Muc dfch ella toi khi lam de tai nay Ia phuc vu cho viec giang
day va nang cao kien thuc cling nhu von tu vung ccl tieng Anh IAn
tieng Vi~t ella nguci hoc. Neu cac ban dong nghiep va sinh vien khi
doc hoac tham khao tai lieu nay eo phat hien ra dieu gl sai 50t rna
chac chan la khong tM tranh khoi, toi rat rnong diroc gop 9 th~ng
than. TOi xin chan thanh cam an.
Cu6i cung, tOi muon bay to long biet han sau sac den cac
dOng nghiep fa cac can b¢ giang day tieng Anh, van hQCVi~t Nam ...
cling nhu nhimg nguai than quen co quan tarn den de tai nay dii giup
nhieu 9 kien qui bau trong viec tim va chon lua nhUng don vi tieng
Vj~t hoac tieng Anh d~ lam cho cuon sach nay them day du va c6
chat luqng cao ve n¢i dung.
20
Viti quy doc duQ'c sit dung khi tra cuu
Adj - adjective
: tinh tu
Adv - Adverb
: pho ttl
arch - archaism
: tir cd
det • determiner
: til xac dinh
idrn - idiom
: thanh ngii'. khong dich rieng tirng tu diroc.
lit- literally
: theo nghia den, dich timg chn
n - noun
: danh tit
pl - plural
: s6 nhieu
pp - past participle: phan tu qua khu
sb - somebody
: ai do
sth - something
: cai g'i do
v - verb
: dong tU
(... )
: tiI .trong ngoac don co th~ dung hoac
khong dung
.../...
: eo the dung bat elI tit nao
THANH NGir,
Toe
NGir,
•
CADAO
VIET-ANH
•
THUNG DUNG
•
23
A
ac bao.
.J
Ac gia
2.
Ai biet cho, nguci fiy se dircc,
• Curses (like chickens) come
home to roost.
- As the call. so the echo.
- He that mischief hatches.
mischief catches.
- Everything comes to him who
wails.
- The ball comes to the pla yer,
~
Ai giau ba ho, ai kho ba dai
- Every dog has its/his day.
Ciing:
.
- The longest day must have an
Dirng co chet mat thi thoi,
end.
SOng thi co hie no xoi chan che .. The morning sun never lasts a
day.
4
s
- He, who breaks. pays.
- The culprit must pay for the
damage.
Ai 10 phan nay.
- Every man for himself.
Cling:
. - Every miller draws water to his
Ai co than nguoi efy 10, ai co bo own mill.
nguoi tiy gill
- Every man is the architect of
his own fortune
- Self comes first.
- Let every tub stand on its own
bottom.
1. cuse{n) iai nguyen rua, chui rua
mischief (v) giC1 tro tinh quai
4. culprit (n) mil pham
5. miller(n) chu c6i xay .
rOOSI(V) ~u
di ngu
hatch(n) cira ~p
tub(n) ch~u. binh
2,.
6
Ai thay nay gift.
Cling:
- Finders keepers.
- Findings are keepings.
Chim troi ca nuoc, ai duoc thl
an.
7
An phan thu thuong,
- Feel smug about one's present
circumstances.
- The cobbler must/should stick
to his last.
- Let not the cobbler go beyond
his last.
- Rest on one's laurels.
8
Ao nang may nang maio nguoi
nang toi nang thirong.
Cling:
Nang mira thl tot hia dirong,
nang di nang lai xem tlnrong
xem khinh.
- A constant guest is never
An banh tfa tien
- After the feast/dinner comes
9
welcome.
- Do not wear out our welcome.
the reckoning.
1:0
An bot bat/doi, n6i bot loi.
- A still tongue makes a wise
head.
- Hear much, speak little.
- Hear and see and be still/and
say but little.
- Give every man thine ear but
few thy voice.
1:1:
An biia hom
lo biia mai
Cling:
An bira tnra 10 bila tei.
- Live from hand to mouth.
- Make both ends meet.
7. smug (adj) It! bang long. It! man
cobbler(n) tho giay
lasl(n) c6t giay
10. thine (arch - dUng mrec nguyen am) va thy (det.arch) nhu your
25
12
An
cap quen tay, ngu ngay quen
m~t .
- Once a thief, always a thief.
1~
An cay nao rao cay fly.
- One fences the tree one eats.
(Lit.)
- You must defend the one who
gives you a living.
- Do not quarrel with your bread
and butter.
14
- Eaten bread is soon forgotten.
- Bite the hand that feeds.
- Comfort is better than pride.
- Solidity first.
An
cho, buon so.
Cling:
- Business is business.
- A bargain is a bargain.
Viec cong xin eli phep cong rna
lam
An cho deu, keu cho dU/song.
- Share and share alike.
.18
An chuc nam chao .
- To cool one's heels for ages .
.19
An c6 chirng, choi c6 d¢.
- Eat at pleasure, drink with
measure.
- Diseases are the interests of
pleasures.
- Enough is as good as a feast.
- Moderation in all things.
- Plenty is no dainty.
16. bargain(n) giao keo mua
19. dainty(n) mieng an ngon
ban
26
20
An co gid, lam co buoi.
- There is a time for all things.
- All work and no play makes
Jack a dull boy.
2I
An co moi, lam co khien.
- Speak when you are spoken to,
come when you are called.
u
An cO di truce, l¢i nuoc di sau,
- He that comes first to the hill
may sit where he will.
- An early riser is sure to be in
luck.
- The early bird catches the
worm.
U
An com cay ngay 0 0,
- A great fortune is a great
An cam thit bo th110 ngay ngay. slavery.
- Better joy in a cottage than
sorrow in a palace .
..,Riches lead to lawsuits.
Z4
An d~ song, chir khong song de
- Live not to eat, but eat to live.
- You must eat to live, and not
live to eat.
2S
An den
noi, lam den chon.
Cling;
Xem hoi, di cho tai chua.
- Never do things by halves.
- What is worth doing at all is
worth doing well.
26
An khong ngoi roL
- To sit twiddling one's thumbs.
- Fold one's arms.
- Keep one's hands in pockets.
- Sit with idle hands.
27
An hie doi,
- What soberness conceals
drunkenness reveals.
an.
noi hie say.
22. worm(n) con sau, giun
23. lawsuit(n) viec ki~n clio
26. twiddle(v) xoay, quaoh
27. soberness(n) sl! tioh tao. khOng say
reveal(v)
de I¢ fa
concealtv) che d~y
"-
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