VIETNAM ACADEMY OF
SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
NGUYEN THI HOA
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC
INNOVATION AND POLITICAL INNOVATION
IN VIETNAM TODAY
Major: Dialetical, Historical Materialism
Code: 9.22.90.02
SUMMARY OF PHILOSOPHY DOCTOR THESIS
Ha Noi - 2019
The project is completed at
Graduate Academy of Social Sciences
Scientific advisor: 1. Assoc.Prof. Dr. Vu Van Vien
2. Dr. Vu Manh Toan
Reviewer 1: Prof. Dr. Nguyen Trong Chuan
Reviewer 2: Assoc.Prof. Dr. Nguyen Viet Thong
Reviewer 3: Assoc.Prof. Dr. Nguyen Ba Duong
The dissertation is defensed at the Dissertation
Marking Council at Academy level at Graduate
Academy of Social Sciences
on ……. Hour ….. minute, month……….year 2019
The dissertation can be found at:
The National library of Vietnam
The Library of the Academy of Social Sciences
INTRODUCTION
1. The urgency of the research topic
Economics and politics are the two most basic types of activities
for the existence and development of society organized into a state.
Economics exists and develops in a certain political regime, as a
material basis for that political regime; politics is always established
on the basis of a certain economic regime. The relationship between
economy and politics regulates all other social relationship. Between
economy and politics in Vietnam today there is a similarity in the
realization of goals: rich people, strong countries, democratic, fair
and civilized society. Addressing the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation is a core content of our Party
since the beginning of innovation so far; identified as one of the nine
basic relationships that need to be thoroughly understood and dealt
with well in the transition period to socialism in our country. This
relationship manifests itself in building, perfecting the model and
institutionalization of socialist-oriented market economy and a
corresponding political institution that is able to guide the
development of the economy.
After more than 30 years of renovation, although it has achieved
important achievements in the process of comprehensive renovation
of the country in general, the process of resolving the relationship
between economic innovation and political innovation in particular,
between eeconomics innovation and political innovation are still
inadequate, need to be perceived and resolved more scientifically in
the current context.
In terms of perception: around the perception and resolution of
the relationship between economics and politics, there are still
different views. Some people have absoluted the role of economics in
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political relations, disregarding the role of politics, they consider the
market economy as a universal drug that can cure the disease and
solve all problems created by the renovation work. On the other
hand, others are absolutely critical of the power of political decisions,
disregarding the role of economics. Some people still argue that
market economy and socialism cannot match, according to them, or
accept a market economy, the economy develops, but the
corresponding political regime will be the capitalism. Others believe
that, when moving to a socialist-oriented market economy, with the
diversification of forms of ownership, economic sectors will lead to
diversification of social structure, diversifying benefit structure, in
which not only consistency, but also differences, even contradictions,
therefore, it is assumed that adapting to the "pluralistic" economy
must be "pluralistic" politics, cannot maintain the single-party
leadership regime forever.
In practical terms: there is an easily recognizable fact in our
country today: first, political innovation is slower than the
requirements of economic innovation. Secondly, not only slower than
the economy, innovation in the political field also reveals limitations
that, if not promptly overcome, will inhibit the socio-economic
development in general.
In the next stage of development, practice is requiring political
reform at a faster, more comprehensive, more synchronous, more
harmonious, "untied" pace to liberate the social potentials that make
economic development is stronger, social life is moving faster. The
biggest challenge for the ruling Party in building the country is the
perception and application of the relationship between economy and
politics in accordance with national characteristics and international
context. How to deal with this relationship is a measure of the stature
of the ruling Party in domestic as well as foreign affairs. Therefore, the
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research to further clarify the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation in our country today to find the
right and appropriate solution to promote innovation in these two areas
is still is an urgent matter, a requirement of the reform itself that aims
to "rich people, strong country, democratic, fair and civilized ".
Stemming from the above requirements, the researcher selected the
topic: The relationship between economic innovation and political
innovation in Vietnam today is the topic of his doctoral thesis.
2. The purpose of the thesis
Based on scientifically justifying the relationship between
economic innovation and political innovation in the process of
innovation in our country today, the reality of resolving this
relationship after more than 30 years of renovation, thesis proposes
some solutions to improve the efficiency of solving the relationship
between economic innovation and political innovation in our country.
3. The task of the thesis
To achieve this goal, the thesis focuses on solving the following
specific tasks:
First, clarifying the theoretical issues about the relationship
between economy and politics; between economic innovation and
political innovation in Vietnam today.
Secondly, analyzing the current situation of resolving the
relationship between economic innovation and political innovation in
Vietnam since the renovation so far.
Thirdly, proposing a number of solutions to improve the
efficiency of solving the relationship between economic innovation
and political innovation, economic development and maintaining
political stability in Vietnam.
4. Research subjects and scope of the thesis
Research subjects:
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The research object of the thesis is the relationship between
economic innovation and political innovation in Vietnam today.
Research scope:
The thesis focuses on studying the relationship between
economic innovation and political innovation in the renovation
period, from 1986 up to now.
5. Theoretical basis and research method of the thesis
Theoretical basis: The thesis is made on the theoretical basis of
Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought and the Vietnam
Communist Party's view of the relationship between economy and
politics.
Research method: The thesis is conducted on the basis of
applying the research methods of dialectical materialism and
historical materialism; which mainly uses some basic methods such
as historical and logical methods, methods of analysis and synthesis,
methods of abstraction and generalization, statistical methods... in the
process of research and implementation of the thesis. In addition, the
thesis also inherits a selective way of the research work of scientists
ahead of this issue.
6. New contributions and scientific significance of the thesis
New contributions:
- The thesis contributes to clarify the limitations and causes of
the limitations in solving the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation in our country today.
- The thesis proposes a number of solutions to improve the
effectiveness of applying the relationship between economic innovation
and political innovation in our country in the coming time.
Scientific significance:
The thesis can be used as a reference in policy making and
directing the practice of the relationship between economic
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innovation as well as political innovation in our country; it is also a
valuable reference in research and teaching, for students and those
interested in the issue of economic innovation and political
innovation.
7. Structure of the thesis
In addition to the introduction, conclusion and list of references,
the thesis consists of 4 chapters with 11 periods.
Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO
THE THESIS
1.1. Studies related to the theory of the relationship between
economic innovation and political innovation in Vietnam
The issue of the relationship between economy and politics is
mentioned primarily by Marxism-Leninism in the writings: "Critique
of the Goto Platform"; "Declaration of the Communist Party"; "The
immediate tasks of the Soviet authorities"; "Economics and politics
in the proletariat era"; "Discussing food taxes"; "Discussing the
cooperative regime" ... Through the classic works of MarxismLeninism in the field of economy and politics reflected the views:
First, according to Karl Marx, it is the development of the
market, the industrialized goods and the establishment of massive
cities, the bourgeoisie quickly abolish the dispersion of production
and residential materials and quickly centralization on all aspects.
Secondly, V.I.Lenin said that the main task of the socialist
revolution, which workers and the working people led by the
working class is "an active work to establish a network relationship
of the organization system, an extremely complex and sophisticated
network that encompasses the planned production and distribution of
essential products for the lives of millions of people.”
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Third, in the relationship between economics and politics,
economics is the first, decisive significance. Speaking of
communism, it refers to the highest and most advanced social and
economic form.
In our country, the relationship between economy and politics
has been concretized by our Party in the Documents and Resolutions
of the Party, especially since the renovation period from 1986 to
now:
Firstly, right from the beginning of the renovation, our Party was
soon aware of being combined right from the beginning and in every
step of economic innovation and political innovation.
Secondly, the market mechanism is considered an environmental
condition to promote the development of factors of production, while
the State plays a certain role in overcoming market limitations and
ensuring social justice.
Thirdly, the ultimate purpose of innovation and building a
political system is to implement socialist democracy, promote
people's mastery, and ensure the power belongs to the people.
1.2. The research works on the status of solving the relationship
between economic innovation and political innovation in Vietnam
since the renovation up to now
In the years of innovation, the combination of economic
innovation and political innovation has brought positive changes to
the economic - political - social life of the country. But besides this
combination, there are still limitations and weaknesses.
To overcome the limitations and weaknesses, promote the
leading role of politics for the economy, ensuring the socialist
orientation for the construction and development of a multicomponent commodity economy operating under market mechanism
in our country, bringing innovation to prosper. These are the issues
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that are being raised for the thesis to be supplemented and solved.
1.3. Research works on solutions to improve efficiency to solve
the relationship between economic innovation and political
innovation in Vietnam today
In order to effectively resolve this relationship, it is
necessary to continue building and perfecting the socialist-oriented
market economy institution. Identify ownership regimes, ownership
forms and economic components. The Party must uphold the
leadership and ruling position, maintain the nature of the regime
expressed in the socialist orientation when entering the market
economy, opening and integration. Clarifying the role of the state, of
state-owned enterprises, of collective economy, private and foreigninvested economy in socio-economic development in the period of
2016-2020, with a vision to 2030.
1.4. Issues of the thesis need to be solved
Firstly, the thesis will contribute to supplementing and
developing issues related to the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation to meet the practice requirements
to promote industrialization, modernization and development of
socialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam today.
Secondly, in this thesis, the author continues to supplement and
clarify the situation of resolving the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation in the past years, while clarifying
some related contradictions to current economic innovation and
political innovation in Vietnam.
Thirdly, the thesis continues to add basic, generalized and
specific solutions as well as draw some necessary lessons to solve
this relationship effectively in the future to promote the sustainable
development of the country.
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Conclusion chapter 1
The relationship between economic innovation and political
innovation in our country has many scientists interested in research:
In our country today, although there are many different points of
view in dealing with the relationship between economic innovation
and political innovation, but in general, in terms of content:
Firstly, in the context of the market economy developing more
and more forms of ownership, many economic sectors, many social
interest groups appear, democratization in economic life and social
life increasingly focused, finding a more appropriate and effective
mechanism for the conditions of Vietnam in democracy, on
controlling economic and political power in particular, social power
is generally is an urgent and particular important task which is being
put into practice to create a driving force for sustainable country
development.
Secondly, the economic reform towards shifting towards a
socialist-oriented market economy has created democracy in the
economic field, creating conditions to liberate the production
capacity of all classes of people. Under the impact of that economy, a
Vietnamese socialist rule-of-law state of the people, by the people,
for the people is gradually being completed; The Party's dynamism,
acumen and leadership capacity for the market economy and the
society in general are increasingly raised. However, according to the
Party's assessment, the country's economy has not developed
steadily, the political system has many shortcomings, political
reforms and political systems have not kept up with development
requirements of society and economic innovation.
Thirdly, although there are different approaches to solutions, in
general, it has not been generalized into the system of solutions to the
relationship between economic innovation and political innovation.
This makes policymakers unable to offer comprehensive solutions to
effectively address this relationship in current practice.
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Chapter 2
SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES ON THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN ECONOMIC INNOVATION AND POLITICAL
INNOVATION IN VIETNAM
2.1. The relationship between economy and politics - the theorical
basic for solving the relationship between economic innovation
and political innovation
2.1.1. Economic concept and political concept
First, economic concept
As a scientific category, today, "economy" is understood by the
following contents:
- "Economy" is understood as the activity of creating material
wealth of social life, it ensures the existence and development of
human society.
- "Economy" is also understood as the overall "national economy
or part of the national economy, including sectors and corresponding
forms of production, economic structure and structure of economic
component of a social regime ”.
- "Economy" is used to refer to the overall production relations
based on a certain level of production force that forms the economic
basis of a certain social regime.
Second, political concepts
- In "Encyclopedia of Vietnam", "politics" is all activities related
to the relationship between classes, ethnic groups, social classes, but
its core is to seize the government, maintain and use state power,
participation in the work of the state, the determination of the
organizational form, tasks and content of the state.
- In his writings, Karx. Marx and F. Engels see politics as a
special phenomenon of social life related to parties and the state.
- According to V.I.Lenin, "politics" is the relationship between
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classes; the participation of the people in the affairs of the state, the
orientation of the state's activities; determination of the form, task
and content of state activities.
2.1.2. The view of Marxism - Leninism on the relationship between
economy and politics
Firstly, the decisive role of economics in politics
Expressed through the viewpoint "Politics is a concentrated
expression of the economy":
First, economics is the root, a measure of political rationality.
Corresponding to a certain level of economic development, there is a
certain level of political development.
Second, the political contradictions are ultimately due to economic
conflicts.
Third, economics is not only the source, the basis for the formation
of politics, but the transformation of politics is also decided by economic
change.
Secondly, the impact of politics on the economy
Expressed from the point of view: "Politics cannot fail to occupy
the top position over the economy."
The impact of politics on the economy can be in different
directions:
First, politics can impact the same direction as the economy - then
economic development takes place faster.
Second, politics has the opposite effect of economic development restraining economic development.
Third, politics can promote on this side, restraint on the other side.
2.2. The view of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the
relationship between economic innovation and political innovation
2.2.1. Concept of economic innovation and political innovation
First, the concept of economic innovation
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The concept of "economic innovation" is the process of
transforming the economy from a bureaucratic and subsidized
centralized mechanism to a multi-component commodity economy
operating under the state-controlled market mechanism, under the
leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam according to a socialist
orientation.
Second, the concept of political innovation
The concept of "political innovation" is to renew the political
thought of socialism, to renovate the organizational structure and
operational mechanism of the political system, to well implement the
socialist democracy to mobilize people's mastery.
Third, about combining economic innovation and political
innovation
Between economy and politics in Vietnam today there is a
similarity in the realization of goals: rich people, strong country,
democratic, fair and civilized societies. This relationship manifests itself
in building and perfecting the socialist-oriented market economy
institution and a corresponding socialist political institution that is
sufficient to guide the development of the economy.
2.2.2. The indispensable requirement must properly address the
relationship between economic innovation and political
innovation in Vietnam today
Objective factor: from the point of view of Marxist-Leninist
classics, in the relationship between economy and politics, economics
plays a decisive role, it defines the political content and structure.
Politics in turn has a strong impact on the economy, orienting the
process of economic development.
Subjective factors:
Firstly, in terms of policy, our Party affirmed: combining closely
economic reforms with political reforms, to take economic reform in
the center, and to step by step innovating politics.
Secondly, when dealing with the relationship between economic
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innovation and political innovation, it is impossible to separate
economic reform from political innovation, or vice versa, but to
conduct political reform simultaneously with economic innovation,
but in it, economic innovation must be in the center.
Thirdly, the relationship between economic innovation and
political innovation is a fundamental, meaningful in decision that
governs social relations.
2.2.3. The relationship between economic innovation and political
innovation in Vietnam today
Firstly, economic renovation is the focus and step by step
reforming the political system
In the early years of the renovation, our Party advocated
economic reforms one step ahead, step by step renovating the
political system in order to maintain political stability, focus all
resources on striving to make our country overcome through crisis to
develop.
Second, fundamentally innovating the organization and mode
of operation of the political system to meet the development
requirements of economic innovation
Along with economic reforms, at the same time with economic
renovation, stepping by step reforming politics to maintain the
socialist orientation in the process of economic renewal and
development.
Conclusion chapter 2
The whole content of chapter 2 is focused on clarifying some of
the most common theoretical issues of the topic:
First, after clarifying the content of the concept of "economy"
and "politics", the thesis analyzed two basic arguments that describe
the relationship between economy and politics as the basic areas of
society having classes: politics is a concentrated expression of the
economy; politics cannot not take the top position over the economy.
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Secondly, after clarifying the connotation of the concept of
"economic innovation" and "political innovation", the combination of
"economic innovation and political innovation" suggests that the necessity
of economics innovation and political innovation is to combine rightly
from the beginning and in every step. Because the relationship between
economic innovation and political innovation is a fundamental
relationship, it makes sense to govern social relations…
Thirdly, the thesis focuses on clarifying economic innovation as
the focus and stepping by step reforming the political system; and at
the same time fundamentally innovating the organization and method
of operation of the political system to meet the requirements of
economic reform. When resolving the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation, it is impossible to separate
economic innovation from political innovation, or vice versa, but to
conduct political innovation at the same time as economics
innovation, in which economic innovation must be in the center.
Chapter 3
CURRENT SITUATION AND CONFLICT IN RESOLVING
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC
INNOVATION AND POLITICAL INNOVATION IN
VIETNAM TODAY
3.1. The reality of resolving the relationship between economic
innovation and political innovation in Vietnam since the
renovation so far
3.1.1. These achievements
Firstly, thanks to the policy of "taking economic reform as a
center", focusing on resolving the urgent problems of the people on
production and life, releasing production, forming and promoting the
role of the dynamical system.., our country has been out of stagnation
and prolonged socio-economic crisis.
Thanks to that righteous policy, the country has maintained its
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political stability, creating a deep and solid foundation for the
innovation in the economic field as well as other areas of social life.
Secondly, the institutional, organizational, content and
operational reforms are implemented synchronously in the Party,
State and others organizations within the political system towards
democratization; overcome and eliminated the centralized
bureaucratic mechanism, administrative orders, religious worship,
dogma, separation and obstruction of economic development.
With guidelines and policies in both oriented and specific,
practical, the Party's innovation policy has come to life, creating a
premise to liberate social production, creating economic growth,
promoting the spirit of creativity and political activeness of the
people.
3.1.2. Limitations and reasons
Firstly, political innovation is still slow, not keeping up and
meeting the requirements of socio-economic development steps. The
political system in our country cannot meet the requirements of the
market economy when the state apparatus still intervenes too deeply
and unsuitably in the economy.
Secondly, not only slower than economic innovation, the
political innovation also revealed limitations if not promptly
overcome, it will inhibit the socio-economic development in general.
The relationship in the mechanism of "Leadership Party, State
management and people ownership" has not been effectively solved
in practice, reducing the effectiveness of socio-economic
management.
These limitations and weaknesses are caused by many objective
and subjective reasons:
Objective reasons:
+ The renovation process with abandoning the old model to
build a new economic model under the market mechanism is a very
new issue.
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+ The issue of building democracy, renewing the political
system, building a socialist rule-of-law state in the context of a ruling
Party is a big, complicated, new and unprecedented issue.
Subjective reasons:
+ Our Party's awareness of some issues in the development of
socialist-oriented market economy is still incomplete and slowly
innovative.
+ Awareness of the market economy and socialist orientation is
not appropriate, not consistent, has not created a high consensus in
leadership and society as a whole.
+ The role of democracy and the mastery of the people has not
been strongly promoted.
+ The renewal of the Party's leadership mode, organizational
reform and operation of the political system have not been given due
attention and synchronized with economic innovation.
3.2. Some fundamental contradictions relate to economic
innovation and political innovation in Vietnam today
3.2.1. Conflict between "monistic" political regime and
"pluralistic" economic regime
In fact, Vietnam's economy is building as a socialist-oriented
market economy; economic sectors, classes, social classes have no
contradictory conflicts of interest. We do not accept pluralism, multiparty that is not because we are conservative, losing democracy as
hostile forces intentionally distort, but it is an objective requirement
because of the stability and development of the country, for the
development of democracy and happiness, successfully achieved the
goal of building a society of rich people, strong country, democratic,
fair and civilized.
3.2.2. Conflict between market economy development and
socialist orientation
The socialist orientation is not a subjective, modest integration
into the market economy, but a promotion of the positive side,
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minimization of the negative side of the market economy,
construction and development of a high-oriented social economy,
minimization of defects of spontaneous market, best serving the
interests of the majority of the people and the sustainable
development of the country.
3.2.3. Conflict between accelerating economic growth with social
progress and justice
In this relationship, economic growth is a condition, a premise to
implement social progress and justice in a political institution: Party
as leadership, State as governor, and people as ownership; on the
contrary, society has achieved a more progressive and fair
development that will become a strong driving force for economic
growth and political stability.
Conclusion chapter 3
The whole content of chapter 3 is focused on clarifying the situation:
Firstly, the thesis argues that the economic reform towards a socialistoriented market economy has created conditions to liberate the productive
capacity, creating conditions for the people to better production tools,
participation is more effective in the process of organizing and managing
production; create a dynamic and efficient economy, create a favorable
environment to attract foreign investment, enhance Vietnam's position in
the international relationship.
Political reform, under the impact of economic reform, a socialist
rule-of-law state of the people, by the people and for the people is
gradually being formed; the dynamism and acumen, the leadership role of
the Party in the market economy in particular and the society in general
are increasingly raised.
By incorporating right from the beginning of economic innovation
with political innovation, taking economic innovation as a focus, gradually
renewing politics, we have just promoted the development of the economy
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according to the objective rule and also created positive movement in
thought These two processes create the power to bring successfully the
country to a comprehensive renewal.
Secondly, the dissertation wants to clarify some related contradictions
that current economic reforms and political reforms need to focus to solve
to make this relationship relevant, consistent and that is also the decisive
condition to successfully implement the national industrialization and
modernization in the current socialist orientation in our country. That is a
contradiction: between "monarchy" political regime with "pluralistic"
economic regime; between developing market economy with socialist
orientation; between promoting economic growth and implementing
social progress and justice.
Chapter 4
SOME BASIC SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY
OF RESOLVING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC
INNOVATIONS AND POLITICAL INNOVATION IN
VIETNAM TODAY
4.1. Continuing to build and perfect the institution of socialistoriented market economy in Vietnam today
To ensure the economy built during the transition period is a
demanding socialist-oriented market economy:
Firstly, market economy development must aim to contribute to
achieving the goal: "rich people, strong country, democratic, fair and
civilized society" strongly liberating production forces and constantly
improving people’s lives.
Secondly, continuing to improve ownership relations,
developing economic sectors and types of businesses to liberate all
potentials in all economic sectors, in all individuals and regions.
Thirdly, implementing the unity, close attachment between
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economic development and social progress and justice rightly in each
step and each development policy at all stages of development of the
market economy.
Fourthly, enhancing the State's economic management effect on
socio-economy and promoting the people's role in socio-economic
development.
Fifthly, promoting and improving the efficiency of international
economic integration. Proactive international integration, effective
participation and exploitation of economic benefits from bilateral and
multilateral economic liberalization agreements linked to an
independent and autonomous economy.
4.2. Maintaining political stability, strengthening the Party's
leadership, management effectiveness of the State in the process
of building a socialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam today
First, maintaining the political monopoly model - the Communist
Party of Vietnam is the one who holds the absolute leading role in
political stability and economic development.
The Party's leadership method must be renewed for the State. On
the one hand, the Party confirmed to ensure and strengthen the
leadership of the Party to the State. On the other hand, the Party
should be aware that it must reform its leadership method so that the
State is truly the State of the people, due to People, for the people, all
the state power belongs to the people, the Party leads the State by
democratic methods.
Secondly, building and promoting socialist democracy
Continuing to build and perfect socialist democracy is a
requirement of the process of democratization and realization of the
people's mastery.
Thirdly, renewing the leadership of the Party in the socialistoriented market economy
The Party's leadership is a fundamental political factor ensuring
the successful implementation of the goal of the socialist-oriented
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