Tài liệu Wts_8_process_analysis

Process Analysis Work and Time Studies Vietnamese German University Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert 2016 (Time in minutes) Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 1 Process analysis Contents Process representation Process analysis Time calculation in flow structures  Determination of throughput times  Determination of processing times Process optimization Heuristics for process optimization Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 2 Process representation Planning •1 Disposition •2 Scheduling •3 Level 1 (overview) •4 Level 2 (rough) • 4.2 Check papers • 4.3.1 Level 3 (detailed) •5 Handover delivery papers Delivery to factory gate • 4.1 Fill out „receiving statement“ • 4.3.2.1 Check: correct forwarder? • 4.3.2.2 Take out of storage Store •6 Book into system • 4.3 • 4.3.2 Enter: register number Controlling receipt of goods Receipt of goods •7 Confirm delivery papers • 4.3.4 Check: correct supplier? • 4.3.2.3 Return labels and papers • 4.5 Enter data manually • 4.3.3 •8 Print labels • 4.4 Transport Enter: arrival time at gate • 4.3.2.4 Delivery papers in „zip bag“ • 4.3.5 Enter: arrival time storage • 4.3.2.5 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 6 Process representation Exercise Please create a simple process chain for producing the trolleys! Put 4 wheel frames on frame Mount wheel 1 Mount wheel 2 Mount wheel 3 Mount wheel 4 Bring trolley to storage Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 8 Process representation Exercise Please create a simple process chain for producing the trolleys! Lay frame on the table and put 4 wheel frames on frame Mount wheel 1 Mount wheel 2 Mount wheel 3 Mount wheel 4 Bring trolley to storage Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 9 Process representation Organization = Regulatory framework, order or structure of relationships Organizational structure includes e.g.     Task structure and position formation Regulation of the responsibility and authority Formation of an authority hierarchy Regulation of communication and directive relations Operational structure includes e.g.  Analysis and definition of workflows  Formation of tasks  Design of the interaction between humans and work equipment with respect to time and space Arbeitswissenschaft 2010 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 10 Process representation G.Dessler, 2003 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 11 Process representation Schlick 2005 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 12 Process representation Process representation using the organizational structure Grundkurs Geschäftsprozess-Management, Andreas Gadatsch Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 13 Process representation Organization structure Customer Make inquiry Offer i.O. Inquiry Postal Dept. Foward order Offer Inquiry Examine request Postal Dept. N: Order Processing Sales Quote request Standard part? Request data Order management Customer Create order Order Sort and distribute mail Sales Improvement request Calculation Calculate request Order management Arbeitswissenschaft 2010 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 14 Process representation Exercise Can you organize your process chain for producing the trolleys according to the 6 work stations in the lab? Operation 1 Operation 2 Operation 3 Operation 4 Operation 5 Operation 6 Put 4 wheel frames on frame Mount wheel 1 Mount wheel 2 Mount wheel 3 Mount wheel 4 Bring trolley to storage Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 15 Process representation Gadatsch 2005 in Arbeitswissenschaft 2010 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 16 Process representation Offer preparation Sales market (Customer) Post written request Procurement Process control Sales Warehouse Supplier part B Examine request for completeness Request Complete? No Consultation with sales Consultation with customers Record order request in order database Yes Product files Information on inventory part A and quote costs for part B Pass information on stock part A Share information on costs of part B Gadatsch 2005 in Arbeitswissenschaft 2010 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 17 Process representation Examine order request for feasibility (cost, schedule) Consultation with sales Consultation with customers No Order feasible? Yes Consultation Successful? Yes Record change in order database No End offer process Offer finished Calculate offer price Reserve production capacity Write and send offer to customers Production plan Gadatsch 2005 in Arbeitswissenschaft 2010 Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 18 Process representation Symbols and blocks in flowcharts The use of symbols depends on the selected modeling standard Function / Task Data(-bank) Decision point Document Connection point Flow direction Event Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 19 Process representation Exercise Each group creates a process chain at the operational level Processing of incoming goods Starting point: Delivery arrives Shipment complete / incomplete Goods okay / goods not okay Pay invoice / return Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 20 Process representation Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 21 Process analysis Three phases in process analysis Recording corporate structure • Goal: holistic image of the organizational structure and the superstructure of the company Recording corporate processes • Goal: holistic image of the existing business processes (concentrating on core processes) Analysing corporate processes • Goal: Identification of vulnerabilities and savings potentials in business processes Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 24 Process analysis Recording corporate processes Methods of current state recording Employee survey Interviews Questionnaires Firsthand observation Analysing existing data Workshops Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 26 Process analysis Characteristics showing the performance of a process 2007 Wiley Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 29