Tài liệu Solutions to improve business performance in hoang long mechanics technology joint stock company

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH --------------------- PHAN TIẾN THÀNH SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN HOANG LONG MECHANICS TECHNOLOGY JOINT STOCK COMPANY GIẢI PHÁP NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ HOẠT ĐỘNG KINH DOANH TẠI CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN CƠ KHÍ CÔNG NGHỆ HOÀNG LONG LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH HÀ NỘI - 2020 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH --------------------- PHAN TIẾN THÀNH SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN HOANG LONG MECHANICS TECHNOLOGY JOINT STOCK COMPANY GIẢI PHÁP NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ HOẠT ĐỘNG KINH DOANH TẠI CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN CƠ KHÍ CÔNG NGHỆ HOÀNG LONG Chuyên ngành: Quản trị kinh doanh Mã số: 60 34 01 02 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: TS. NGUYỄN XUÂN HUYNH HÀ NỘI - 2020 DECLARATION I confirm that the research in the thesis is the result of my independent work during study and research period and it is not published in other’s research and article. The other’s research result and documentation (extraction, table, figure, formula, and other document) used in the thesis are cited properly and have the permission of the authors. I assure in front of the Thesis defense council, Hanoi School of Business and Management, and the laws for above-mentioned declaration. Date………………………….. Author Phan Tien Thanh ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere thanks to the teachers and Faculty of Business Administration who have devotedly taught and imparted valuable knowledge to me during the course of studying at the school. In particular, I would like to sincerely thank PhD. Nguyen Xuan Huynh has kindly instructed me to complete this thesis. Research results are my best effort in learning and research. However, I would like to receive suggestions to continue adding and perfecting the Thesis. Hanoi, ……………………… 2019 Phan Tien Thanh TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................... ii OPENING .................................................................................................................. 1 1. The urgency of the topic ............................................................................................1 2. Overview ...................................................................................................................1 3. Research objectives ...................................................................................................2 4. Research subjects .......................................................................................................3 5. Scopes of research .....................................................................................................3 6. Research method........................................................................................................3 7. Contents of the thesis .................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL AND OVERVIEW OF THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF THE ENTERPRISE .............................................................. 6 1.1 Definition and importance of business performance analysis ...................................6 1.1.1 Concept of analyzing business performance ...................................................6 1.1.2 Classification of business performance ...........................................................6 1.1.3 The require to improve business performance ................................................7 1.2 Criterias to evaluation Business performance ...........................................................8 1.2.1 Solvency ratio ..................................................................................................9 1.2.2 Effective in using assets ................................................................................10 1.2.3 Effective in using capital ...............................................................................13 1.2.4 Effective in using cost ...................................................................................14 1.3 Factors affecting business performance ..................................................................15 1.3.1 Objective factors ............................................................................................15 1.3.2 Subjective factors ..........................................................................................17 CHAPTER 2: SITUATION OF BUSINESS PERFORMANCE AT HOANG LONG MECHANICICS TECHNOLOGY JOINT STOCK COMPANY. ............. 19 2.1 Overview of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company Joint Stock Company .......................................................................................................19 2.1.1 History of establishment and development of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company Joint Stock Company ...........................................19 2.1.2 Functions and duties of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company......................................................................................................................21 2.1.3 Organizational structure of the company............................................................22 2.2 Overview of business performance in the period of 2016-2018 ...............................23 2.2.1 Overview of business performance in the period 2016-2018 .............................23 2.2.2 Analysis of revenue situation .............................................................................26 2.2.3 Analysis of cost situation ....................................................................................31 2.2.3 Analysis of profit situation .................................................................................40 2.3 Analysis of business performance at Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company Joint Stock Company ...................................................................51 2.3.1 Analyze the performance of using labor.............................................................51 2.3.2 Analyze the performance of account receivable management ...........................53 2.3.4 Analyze the performance of using assets ...........................................................58 2.3.5 Analyze the performance in using capital ..........................................................60 2.4 Assess the situation of business performance of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company...................................................................................63 2.4.1 Achievements .....................................................................................................63 2.4.2 CHAPTER Limitations, weaknesses and causes ..............................................................64 3: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF HOANG LONG MECHANICS TECHNOLOGY JOINT STOCK COMPANY. .................................................................................. 67 3.1 Business direction and strategy of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company in 2019-2020 .........................................................................................67 3.2 Solutions to improve the business operation of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company in 2019-2020 ............................................................68 3.2.1 Solutions to increase revenue .............................................................................68 3.2.2 Solutions to reduce cost ......................................................................................69 3.2.3 Solutions to exploitation the capital ...................................................................69 3.2.4 Solutions to improve marketing performance ....................................................70 3.2.5 Solutions to improve the quality of human resources and retain talents ............71 3.2.6 Solutions to improve data analysis methods of Accounting Department ...........72 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................... 73 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 75 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Company management diagram .......................................................................... 22 Figure 2: Business performance phase 2016 – 2018 ......................................................... 25 Figure 3: Business performance phase 2016 – 2018 ......................................................... 25 Figure 4: Total revenue 2016............................................................................................. 28 Figure 5: Total revenue 2017............................................................................................. 28 Figure 6: Total revenue 2018............................................................................................. 29 Figure 7: Total revenue and cost from 2016 to 2018 ........................................................ 32 Figure 8: Cost of goods sold 2016 - 2018 ......................................................................... 34 Figure 9: Cost of consulting, design 2016 - 2018.............................................................. 34 Figure 10: Cost of construction activities 2016 - 2018 .................................................... 36 Figure 11: Cost of processing activities 2016 - 2018 ........................................................ 37 Figure 12: Cost of other business activities 2016 - 2018 .................................................. 38 Figure 13: Cost of sales 2016 - 2018 ................................................................................. 38 Figure 14: Enterprise Managing cost 2016 - 2018 ............................................................ 39 Figure 15: Financial operation expenses 2016 - 2018 ....................................................... 40 Figure 16: Profit situation 2016 - 2018 ............................................................................. 41 Figure 17: Profit before and after corporate income tax from 2016 - 2018 ...................... 46 Figure 18: Summary of factors that increase and decrease profit before tax in 2017 compared to 2016 of the company .................................................................................... 49 Figure 19: Summary of factors that increased the profit before tax in 2018 compared to 2017 of the company .................................................................................... 51 Figure 20: Labor structure in the Company....................................................................... 52 i LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Business performance phase 2016 – 2018 .......................................................... 24 Table 2: Revenue over 3 years from 2016 - 2018 ............................................................. 27 Table 3: Cost situation in 3 years from 2016 - 2018 ......................................................... 33 Table 4: Profit situation in 3 years from 2016 - 2018 ....................................................... 42 Table 5: Analyze of factors affecting profit over 03 yearsm 2016 - 2018 ........................ 47 Table 6: Analyze of debt situation over 03 years 2016 - 2018 .......................................... 54 Table 7: Analyze the performance of solvency over 03 years 2016 - 2018 ...................... 56 Table 8: Profitability analysis over 03 years 2016 - 2018 ................................................. 58 Table 9: Analyze the business performance of the company over 03 years 2016 2018 ................................................................................................................................... 61 ii OPENING 1. The urgency of the topic Today, our country is in an open and competitive economy, which is also a good opportunity for Vietnamese enterprises to develop internationally, in order to survive and develop in an open environment. Fierce competition requires businesses to find a foothold in the trade. One of the factors to determine that position is the business performance of the business. Analyzing business performance is very important and necessary for every business. Through the analysis of business performance, it will help businesses assess their business situation, identify the causes and sources of problems arising, detect and exploit problems. potential resources of the enterprise, at the same time take measures to overcome difficulties encountered by the enterprise. From there, it is possible to propose appropriate business strategies for the next period to help businesses improve business performance. Based on the actual situation of the enterprise, Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company, the total revenue of the Company increased by more than 10%, it was not as planned but the cost of goods sold also increased with the same number. Therefore, I desire to learn more about business performance and find the right direction for the Company, I chose the topic "Solutions to improve business performance at Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company” for my graduation thesis. 2. Overview Solutions to improve business performance are very important and there have been many studies in this field such as: Analysis of business performance of Vietnam Airlines Petroleum Company, Topical analyze business performance of trading and service companies, Solutions to improve business performance according to the accounting value of small and medium-sized enterprises in Thai Binh province, and many research works other. However, small and medium-sized enterprises in Hanoi are still limited in research projects and in particular, there is no specific research project on production and business performance of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company. Therefore, I chose the topic 1 "Solutions to improve business performance at Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company”. The thesis is based on the combined knowledge from subjects such as: Business development management, Financial and accounting management, Management economics, Human resource management and talent to complete the thesis. . The topic also focuses on analyzing business performance of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company through 03 years from 2016 to 2018 based on financial statements, internal reports of enterprises and observing operational situation. Actual production activities of the author. Through the analysis of business performance, it will help businesses check and evaluate business results, detect potential capabilities as well as recognize the strengths and limitations of the joint-stock mechanical engineering company. Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company. That is an important basis for the Company to make business decisions, prevent risks and improve business performance. 3. Research objectives After the research, the author will achieve: - The author have a system of theoretical, updated knowledge, and research methods for management. - Assess the status of Hoang Long Jsc Company. On the basis of analyzing and evaluating the business results that Hoang Long Mechanical Engineering Joint Stock Company has achieved through the years 2016-2018, the author accurately investigates the business performance and the situation of the company. capital using, asset using situation, solvency of the company, find out the limitations that exist in the company. - Proposing solutions and business orientation for the next period, helping to improve the remaining limitations and promoting the company's potentials, contributing to improving business performance. 2 4. Research subjects The object of the study is the performance of production and business activities of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Companyany, specifically as follows: - Business results through revenue, cost and profit targets. - Capital use performance and profitability of capital - Overview of financial situation through financial coefficie 5. Scopes of research - Space: financial statements of Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company. - Address: No. 56, lane 177 Dinh Cong, Hoang Mai, Hanoi. - Time range: from 2016 to 2018. 6. Research method The method of data collection Methods of collecting secondary documents for the period 2016-2018 include: - Information on industries from prestigious State newspapers is a useful source, manualy summarizing business results and reports of enterprises. - Textbooks on specific topics with clear guidance on existing secondary data sources in the economic field. - Tertiary documents such as index tables and catalogs can also assist in identifying secondary data. It is possible to access and search the complete catalogs of this data on the Internet. Indexes and catalogs that have recently appeared online have direct links to downloadable data files, usually in tabular form. - Discussions, studies, erudite experts, librarians and instructors who are knowledgeable about the topic. Methods of primary data collection The observation method is a method of controlling the recording of human events or behaviors.This method is often used in combination with other methods to 3 cross-check data accuracy. Data collection In general, primary and secondary data collection methods are common methods, which are used a lot in scientific research. Methods of data analysis - Methods of detailed analysis: Stemming from the content, object and task of analytical enterprises, moderate economic analysis uses the research methods of other science subjects such as statistics, accounting, finance, economic management, each method has advantages and disadvantages and specific conditions of application, being professional and technical, depending on the type of business and the nature of the enterprise. economic phenomena, economic results, specific objects, sources of data, data and for the purpose of analysis to select appropriate methods. [3] - Comparative method: Comparison is a commonly used method for assessing results, identifying locations and trends of fluctuations of analytical criteria. To apply the method of comparison, it is necessary to ensure the conditions of comparison of the criteria: + Agree on the content, method of determination, time and unit of comparison criteria. + Depending on the purpose of analysis to determine the comparative origin. Comparative origin can choose time base (planning period, previous period, same period of previous year) or spatial origin (compared with the whole, compared to other units with similar conditions, compared to the innermost parts). overall the period chosen as the comparison base is called the base period, and the period chosen for analysis is the analysis period. The values of the norms calculated in each corresponding period are the values of the base period and the analysis period. In addition, in the analysis of economic activity, it is often necessary to compare sales with costs to determine business results or compare specific criteria with general indicators to determine its proportion in general criteria. - Method of diagram form Diagrams and graphs used in the analysis to reflect the fluctuations of economic indicators in different time periods or functionally interdependent relationships among Economic indicators. When analyzing the situation or export 4 performance, we must make a table to write the data into the selected column lines, actually we are applying the diagram form method, but this method It cannot be used alone; it is also combined with other methods such as comparison method, numerical difference method, density and rate. This is also a commonly used method similar to the comparative method. - Balancing method In the system of economic - financial indicators of enterprises, there are many indicators related to each other by balanced relations. Balance relationships in enterprises are of two types: general and specific. The overall balance is a balanced relationship of general economic indicators. - Index method The index method is applied to calculate and analyze the fluctuations and the interrelated effects of economic indicators with one or more other factors. Indicator indicators are determined by the comparative relation of an economic indicator at different times, usually comparing the reporting period and the base period. 7. Contents of the thesis Beside the list of references, the attached annexes, the structure of the thesis consists of 3 chapters: - Chapter 1: Theoretical and overview of the business performance of the Enterprise. - Chapter 2: Situation of business performance at Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company. - Chapter 3: Solutions to improve business performance at Hoang Long Mechanics Technology Joint Stock Company. 5 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL AND OVERVIEW OF THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF THE ENTERPRISE 1.1 Definition and importance of business performance analysis 1.1.1 Concept of analyzing business performance In the market economy, the issue that businesses are most concerned about is production performance. Effective production and business can businesses survive and grow. Under the ultimate goal, business performance is synonymous with profits, it is the difference between the results obtained and the costs spent to achieve that result. High or low business performance depends on the level of organization of production and management of each enterprise. From the different points of view, we can give the following general concept: Business performance is an economic category concept that reflects the focus of economic development in depth, reflecting the level of human resource exploitation and costs in the production process to achieve the goal. business set out. It is an increasingly important measure of economic growth and a basic basis for assessing the implementation of economic goals of the enterprise in each period. 1.1.2 Classification of business performance Classifying business performance by different criteria has practical effects in management. It is the basis for determining business performance indicators and levels, and at the same time proposing measures to improve the business performance of the enterprise. Business performance and socio-economic performance. This classification is based on the profits that business activities bring to the company such as profits, performance of using capital, assets ... for the company. Besides, the company also relies on the performance that the company brings to the society and economy such as promoting economic development, creating jobs for workers... Particular business performance is the business performance gained from the business activities of each enterprise. The common manifestation of particular business performance is the profit that each business achieves. The socio-economic performance contributes through the results of serving production, life, economic 6 restructuring, promoting production development and improving people's lives .... There is a causal relationship and interaction between individual business performance and socio-economic performance. National economic performance can only be achieved on the basis of effective operation of enterprises. However, there may be businesses that do not guarantee performance (suffer losses) but the economy still gains performance. However, the loss of a certain business is only acceptable at certain times due to objective reasons. Enterprises must pay attention to socio-economic performance because it is the premise and conditions for effective business enterprises. However, in order to achieve that, the State needs to have a policy to ensure a harmonious combination of the interests of society with the interests of businesses and individual workers. This classification helps businesses assess their performance as well as help the authorities can support businesses to operate more effectively. Performance of part cost and total cost The operation of any business is also associated with its environment and market. Any business must rely on the market to solve key issues: what to do, how to do business, for whom and for what cost? Each supplier conducts his or her own business activities in specific conditions of resources, technical equipment, organization and labor management, business management. They bring to the market their products and services at a specific cost and every business wants to consume their goods and services at the highest price. However, when they sell their goods and services on the market, they can only sell at a market price, if their products are exactly the same in terms of quality. 1.1.3 The require to improve business performance Our economy is open for integration, thus creating opportunities and challenges for Vietnamese businesses. To survive and develop, businesses must know how to take advantage of opportunities, overcome difficulties and challenges, gradually determine their position on trade. And it is important for every business to constantly improve business performance for the following reasons: Improving business performance is the way to ensure the survival and development of businesses as well as the whole society. An enterprise wants to survive and grow, it must operate effectively but its business performance reflects 7 the level of using resources (human resources, material resources, capital) to achieve the defined goals of the enterprise. . The ultimate goal of most businesses is profit. When the business is profitable, the business can guarantee the re-investment process to expand production and also ensure the existence and development of the business. Every business is a cell of society, so when the business grows, it also contributes to the development of society. Therefore, improving business performance is the basis to ensure the existence and development of businesses as well as the whole society. [1] Improve business performance to create competitive advantage and expand market. In a market economy, businesses must compete to survive and grow, which requires each business to give themselves an advantage to compete. That advantage can be product quality, price, structure or product design. For example, businesses can improve production technology, raise the level of using machinery and equipment to create products of high quality and reasonable prices to attract customers. Since then, businesses can be proactive in competition and create favorable conditions for market expansion, contributing to improving business performance. [2] Improve business performance to ensure life for employees in the enterprise. For each employee, wages are a key part of their livelihood. Therefore, striving to increase the income of employees in the business is always an important goal of every business. Because businesses can use wages as a tool to improve business performance. The higher and more stable income together with bonuses will create trust and enthusiasm for the whole enterprise, and the application of measures to handle labor violations by deducting Salary will contribute to improving the sense of responsibility for everyone. 1.2 Criterias to evaluation Business performance Financial coefficients are considered to be the most typical signs of the financial situation of an enterprise in a given period. Each different business at a different time will use different financial coefficients to clearly and concretely describe the financial situation of the enterprise. Therefore, the analysis of financial coefficients is an important content in the process of corporate financial analysis. 8 1.2.1 Solvency ratio - Current solvency coefficient (current solvency ratio). Formula: Short-term assets Current payment ratio = Short-term debt This coefficient reflects the ability to convert assets into money to cover short-term debts. Therefore, this ratio also shows the level of guarantee to pay short-term debts of the business. Normally, when this coefficient is low (less than 1), it shows that the ability of enterprises to pay short-term debts is weak and also a warning sign of potential financial difficulties that enterprises may encounter in debt payment. This high coefficient indicates that the enterprise has a high ability to be ready to pay its due debts. However, this ratio is not as high as possible, because this will reflect a large amount of current working assets and the fact that these assets are inactive, unprofitable and prove their effective use of assets. business is not high However, this factor is large or small, depending on the characteristics of the business. For example, for commercial enterprises, mobile assets often account for a large proportion of total assets, so this coefficient is relatively high. Therefore, when assessing the ability to pay short-term debts, it is necessary to base on the typical coefficients of the same enterprises. - Quick solvency ratio: Formula: Short-term assets - Inventories Quick ratio = Short-term debt Quick solvency ratio is an indicator to evaluate stricter than solvency of the enterprise. Here, inventories are excluded, because in current assets, inventories are considered to be of low liquidity. This coefficient is considered as a measure reflecting the solvency of the enterprise's short-term debts. This is a target that is very interested by short-term creditors because through this criterion, creditors can assess at the time of analysis, whether or not the enterprise is able to immediately pay short-term debts. However, 9 in some cases, this indicator does not accurately reflect the solvency of the enterprise, especially businesses with receivables accounting for a large proportion of total working assets. Therefore, to better assess the solvency of the enterprise, it is also possible to use the instant solvency coefficient of the enterprise. - Coefficient of instant solvency Formula: Money + Cash equivalent Instant payment coefficient = Short-term debt In particular, cash includes: cash, deposits, money in transit. Cash equivalents are short-term investments in securities, other short-term investments can easily be converted into cash within 3 months and without major risk. The ratio of instant solvency reflects the ability to pay short-term debts at any time, because in the source of debt cover the business is very flexible. - Loan interest payment ratio The interest payable is the cost of capital that the enterprise is obliged to pay on time to the creditor. The source for paying interest is profit before interest and taxes. The interest payment ratio reflects the relationship between profit before interest and tax and payable interest. Formula: Profit before tax and interest Interest payment ratio = Loan interests payable in the period The interest payment ratio reflects the amount of profit before interest and tax that the business can offset the amount of loan payable in the period to what extent. If this coefficient is high, it shows that the business is effective, the profitability of the capital is high enough to ensure payment of loan interests on time. 1.2.2 Effective in using assets  - Performance of using common assets: Profitability ratio of assets: 10 This index reflects the enterprise's ability to generate after-tax profit for business activities, determined by the following formula: Profit after tax Return on assets (ROA) = Average assets This indicator shows how much profit after tax an enterprise invested in 1 asset. The higher this indicator proves the effective use of assets of the business, contributing to improving the investment ability of the business owner. - Number of asset turnover: Total net sales Number of asset rotation = Average assets This indicator shows how many rounds of an asset are rotating in a business period. This higher indicator proves that the assets are moving quickly, contributing to increased sales and is a condition to improve profits for businesses. If this indicator is low, meaning that the assets are moving slowly, there may be inventories and unfinished products, causing business turnover to decline. However, this index depends on the characteristics of business lines and specific characteristics of each enterprise. - Asset depreciation rate compared to net sales The ability of an asset to generate net turnover is a basic economic indicator for estimating investment capital when an enterprise wants an expected net turnover, which is usually determined: Average assets Asset ratio of assets to net sales = Net sales This indicator indicates how many VND of investment assets an enterprise will earn in a net revenue. High net sales for the period. - The depreciation rate of the property compared to the after-tax profit: Reflecting the enterprise's ability to generate after-tax profit for its business activities, it is determined: 11 Average assets The ratio of depreciation of = assets to profit after tax Profit after tax This indicator shows how much property assets a company will gain after 1 dong of profit after tax. The lower this index, the higher the performance of using assets, the more attractive investment. - Inventory turnover count: Cost of goods sold The number of rotation of inventory = Average inventory Inside: Inventory at the beginning of the period Average inventory = + Inventory at the end of the period 2 The number of turnover cycles of inventory shows how many times the investment capital for inventory has been rotated in the period, the higher this indicator, showing that the inventory is moving well. It is a factor that contributes to increase sales and profits for businesses. Formula: 360 Time 1 rotation of inventory = Inventory turnover count In order to know how much capital a business wants to have a net revenue, it is necessary to base on the inventory inventory coefficient determined by the following formula: Average inventory Coefficient of inventories = Total net sales - Production capacity of fixed assets: Revenue Production capacity of fixed assets = Average fixed asset This indicator shows how much revenue per 1 dong of fixed assets invested. This indicator shows the production capacity of fixed assets, the higher the target, 12