Tài liệu Reposted speech lí thuyết bài tập đáp án

1. Reported speech Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ, để đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta đổi BA yếu tố là ngôi, thì của động từ và trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn. a. Ngôi: - Đổi ngôi thứ NHẤT (I, me, my, mine &We, us ,our(s)) phù hợp với CHỦ NGỮ trong mệnh đề chính - Đổi ngôi thứ HAI (you , your(s)) phù hợp với TÂN NGỮ trong mệnh đề chính - Ngôi thứ BA( he, him, his, she, her(s), it(s), they, them, their(s) ) không đổi b. Thì và các trạng ngữ: CÂU TRỰC TIẾP CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT PRESENT SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS ( S + was/were + V-ing) PRESENT PERFECT / PAST PAST PERFECT (S + had + P.P) SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (S + had + been + v-ing) Will / shall + bare inf Would / should + bare inf Must + bare inf Had to + bare inf Is / am/ are going to Was / were going to Can / May Could / Might This / these That / those Now Then Here There Ago Before The day after tomorrow In 2 days' time The day before yesterday 2 days before Today / tonight That day / that night Tomorrow The day after / the following day / the next day Yesterday The day before / the previous day Last night / month / week / year The night / month / week / year before. I. Commands: Câu mệnh lệnh S+ told / asked / begged / warned / required / requested ... to inf +O+ Ex1: “Please give this book to him tomorrow”. I said to Lan → I told Lan to give that book to him the following day. Ex2: The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair.” → The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair. Câu đề nghị ai đó giúp làm việc gì 1 cách lịch sự: “ Would you mind + V-ing ...........?” Would Will Can + you (please) + bare inf ......? not to inf Could S + asked / told + O + to inf ... Ex: “Could you please show me the way to the market ?” The stranger said to the boy. → The stranger told / asked the boy to show him / her the way to the market. II. Statements: Câu phát biểu: S+ told + O +S+V said (to + O ) Ex1: Miss. Hoa said: “You should improve your English pronunciation, Lien” → Miss Hoa told Lien (that) she should improve her English pronunciation. Ex2: “ I did my homework yesterday” Minh said. → Minh said he had done his homework the day before. Ex3: "Linh is repairing your bike now” I said to Lan. → I told Lan (that) Linh was repairing her bike then. III. Questions: Câu hỏi 1. WH – questions: Ex: “ What are you doing now ?” I asked her. I asked her what she was doing then. 2. Yes – No questions: S+ Ex: wanted to know wondered + asked + O question word + S + V ( WH-questions) if / whether + S +V (Yes - No questions) “Do you like classical music, Nam ?” Miss Hoa asked. → Miss Hoa asked Nam if he liked classical music. IV. Những trường hợp không thay đổi thì của động từ: a. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai Ex: She says to me: "I like classical music". → She tells me she likes classical music. b. Nếu câu trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3 Ex: "If the weather were fine, we could go camping", Peter said. → Peter said if the weather were fine, they could go camping. c. Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có các trợ động từ: should, would, could, ought to, might, used to, had better Ex: "You should practice speaking English every day" the teacher said to Mai. → The teacher said that Mai should practice speaking English every day. d. Thì quá khứ giả định (past subjunctive) vẫn giữ nguyên sau: (I) wish ..., would rather ..., It’s time... Ex: She said “I wish I had a lot of books.” → She told me she wished she had a lot of books. e. Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên, 1 chân lí Ex: She said " Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius." → She said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. Tĩm tắt A/ Statements (Câu phát biểu) Câu gián tiếp (reported speech) 1 * S + V1( said) + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) 2 * S + V1( told )+ O + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) B/ Commands (Câu mệnh lệnh) 1* S+ V+ (not) + to infinitive (promise, (dis)agree, refuse, threaten, hope, expect, want, ask, wish, need, dare, offer, plan, fail, swear, try, pretend, manage, intend, choose, fear, demand, seem, tend…) 2* S + V + O + (not) + to infinitive (ask, tell, order, beg, allow, remind, encourage, advise, invite, warn, wish, want, command, force, suspect, forbid, need, permit,urge, recommend…) 3* S + V +(prep) + Ving (suggest, deny, detest, delay, postpone, fancy, imagine, keep, risk, avoid, appreciate, admit, miss, practise, dislike, enjoy, save, hate, love, mind, mention, prefer, object to, look forward to, apologize for, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, worry about, confess to, approve of…) 4* S + V + O + prep + Ving (warn…against, blame…for, thank…for, accuse…of, congratulate … on, discourage…from, forgive…for, prevent…from, stop… from, suspect…of…) 1 * S + asked + (O) + wh-… + clause (S+V) 2 * S + wondered + wh-… + clause (S+V) 3 * S + wanted to know + wh-… + clause (S+V) C1/ Wh-questions C2/ Yes-no questions 1 * S + asked + (O) + if / whether + clause (S+V) 2 * S + wondered + if /whether + clause (S+V) 3 * S + wanted to know + if / whether + clause (S+V) EXERCISES: I. (REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS) Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 2. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 3. Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 4. The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 5. Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 6. Hoa said “I may visit my parents in the summer”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 7. The teacher said “We can collect old books for the poor students”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 8. She said “He doesn’t buy this book”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 9. The boys said “We have to try our best to win the match”. ……………………………………………………………………………. 10. Her classmate said “Lan is the most intelligent girl in our class”. ……………………………………………………………………………. II. (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/NO QUESTIONS) Change these questions into Reported Speech: 1. “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter ……………………………………………………………………………. 2. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan ……………………………………………………………………………. 3. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam ……………………………………………………………………………. 4. “Are there any oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom ……………………………………………………………………………. 5. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend ……………………………………………………………………………. 6. “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter ……………………………………………………………………………. 7. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan ……………………………………………………………………………. 8. She said to me “Can you speak Chinese?” ……………………………………………………………………………. 9. “Will she be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu ……………………………………………………………………………. 10. “Are you reading now?” She asked Ba ……………………………………………………………………………. III.(REPORTED SPEECH: WH-QUESTIONS) Change these questions into Reported Speech: 1. “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me ……………………………………………………………………………. 2. “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan ……………………………………………………………………………. 3. Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?” ……………………………………………………………………………. 4. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter. ……………………………………………………………………………. 5. Lien said to her teacher “What can we do to help him?” ……………………………………………………………………………. 6. “How did you go to the airport?” His friend asked him ……………………………………………………………………………. 7. “How much does this dress cost?” Lan asked Lien ……………………………………………………………………………. 8. Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?” ……………………………………………………………………………. 9. “When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Thu ……………………………………………………………………………. 10. “What are our children doing in the room ?”Mr. Nguyen asked his wife. ……………………………………………………………………………. IV.(REPORTED SPEECH: IMPERATIVES) Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1/ The manager said : “ Come into my office, please.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 2/ The teacher said to us : “Don’t make so much noise.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 3/ Mr.Green said : “Please come to our dinner tonight, Bill.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 4/ Susan said to Tom : “Don’t call me again at this late hour.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 5/ She said to the boy : “Show me what you have in your hand.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 6/ The policeman ordered : “Stay where you are and don’t touch anything.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 7/ The old lady said : “Will you please water these flowers for me.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 8/ She said : “Don’t leave your coat on this chair.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 9/ She said to him : “Don’t speak to me like that and behave yourself.” ……………………………………………………………………………. 10/ Peter said : “Would you mind lending me your dictionary till next Monday.” ……………………………………………………………………………. V.Choose the best option that best completes each sentence: 1/. Ba told me that he was leaving for the capital _____________. A. tomorrow B. the following week C. tonight D. next Sunday 2/. They asked me how many children_______________ . A. I had B. had I C. I have D. have I 3/. Thu said she had been_____________ the day before. A. here B. there C. in this place D. where 4/. They told their parents that they______________ their best to do the test. A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try 5/. She______________ me whether I liked classical music or not. A. ask B. asks C. asked D. asking 6/. He asked me who the editor of that book____________ . A. was B. were C. is D. has been 7/. He wants to know whether I_____________ back tomorrow. A. come B. came C. will come D. would come 8/. I wonder why he______________ love his family. A. doesn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. hasn’t 9/ “I didn’t witness that accident.” A. He denied not having witnessed that accident. B. He denied having witnessed that accident. C. He denied not having witnessing that accident. D. He denied not had witnessed that accident. 10/ “Would you like to join our team?”, he said. A. He said to me would you like to join our team. B. He told me if I would like to join their team. C. He invited me to join their team. D. He asked me if I would like to join our team 11/ “You cheated in the exam.” The teacher said to his students A. The teacher insisted his students on cheating in the exam. B. The teacher prevented his students from cheating in the exam. C. The teacher advised his students to cheat in the exam. D. The teacher accused his students of cheating in the exam. 12/ “Don’t touch that flower.” the old lady said to the boy. A. The old lady wanted the boy not to touching that flower. B. The old lady insisted the boy on touching that flower. C. The old lady warned the boy against touching that flower. D. The old lady congratulated the boy on touching that flower. 13/ “Let’s go on a walk holiday!” said Jane. A. Jane suggested going on a walking holiday. B. Jane wanted us to go on a walking holiday. C. Jane invited us to go on a walking holiday. D. Jane allowed us to go on a walking holiday. 14/ " Don't forget to give the book back to Mary," he said to me. A. He reminded me to give the book back to Mary. B. He reminded me to forget to give the book back to Mary. C. He advised me to give the book back to Mary. D. He advised me to forget to give the book back to Mary. 15/“If I were you, I would take the job”, said my friend. A. My friend was thinking about taking the job. B. My friend insisted on taking the job for me. C. My friend advised me to take the job. D. My friend introduced the idea of taking the job to me. 11. REPORTED SPEECH I. (REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS) Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1. Nam said he was told to be at school before 7 o’clock. 2. Thu said all the students would have a meeting the next week. 3. Phong said his parents were very proud of his good marks. 4. The teacher said all the homework had to be done carefully. 5. Her father told her she could go to the movie with her friend. 6. Hoa said she might visit her parents in the summer. 7. The teacher said they could collect old book for the poor students. 8. She said she didn’t buy that book. 9. The boys said they had to try their best to win the match. 10. Lan’s classmate said she was the most intelligent girl in their class. II. (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/NO QUESTIONS) Change these questions into Reported Speech: 1. Phong asked Peter if/whether he enjoyed reading. 2. Hoa asked Lan if/whether she liked sports. 3. She asked Nam if/whether his sister and brother went to the same school 4. She asked her mom if/whether there were some oranges in the fridge 5. He asked his friend if/whether it would rain the next morning. 6. Tam asked Peter if/whether he had gone to Hue three years before. 7. Tuan asked Lan if/whether Tam and Hoa were late for class. 8. She asked me if/whether I could speak Chinese. 9. Tam asked Thu if/whether shewould be there for five days. 10. She asked Ba if/whether he was reading then. III. (REPORTED SPEECH: WH-QUESTIONS) Change these questions into Reported Speech: 1. The teacher asked me where my father worked. 2. She asked Lan how many people there were in her family. 3. Tam’s friend asked him how long he would stay in England. 4. The mother asked her daughter where she had been. 5. Lien asked her teacher what they can do to help him. 6. His friend asked him how he had gone to the airport. 7. Lan asked Lien how much that dress cost. 8. Ba asked Tam how often he washed his clothes. 9. Phong asked Thu when his father would leave Vietnam for the USA.. 10. Mr. Nguyen asked his wife what their children were doing in the room. IV. (REPORTED SPEECH: IMPERATIVES) Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1/ The manager told me to come into her/his office. 2/ The teacher told us not to make so much noise. 3/ Mr.Green told bill to come to their dinner that night. 4/ Susan told Tom not to call him again at that late hour. 5/ She told the boy to show her what he had in his hand. 6/ The policeman ordered me to stay where I was and not to touch anything. 7/ The old lady asked/ told me to water those flowers for her. 8/ She told me to leave my coat on that chair. 9/ She told him not to speak to her like that and behave himself. 10/ Peter asked/ told me to lend him my dictionary till the next Monday V.Choose the best option that best completes each sentence: 1. B. 2. A. 11. D. 12. C. 3. B 13. A. 4. D. 14. A. 5. C. 15. C. 6. A. 7. C. 8. A 9. B. 10. C.