Tài liệu Ngữ pháp tiếng anh thi chuyên (chất nhất quả đất )

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I. Choose the word (A, B, C or D) that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others in each group. (5 points)1.A. climate B. comicC. hikeD. website2.A. workedB. laughedC. hopedD. naked3.A. cover B. category C. ancientD. decorate4.A. erupt B. humor C. UFOD. communicate5.A. Buddhish B. bomb C. viableD. bulbII. Choose the word ( A, B, C or D) whose main stress pattern is not the same as that of the others. (5 points)1. A. comprise B. depend C. design D. novel2. A. tropical B. collection C. tendency D. charity3. A. friendliness B. occasion C. pagoda D. deposit4. A. importing B. specific C . impolite D. important5. A. federation B. unpolluted C. disappearing D. profitableB. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (35 POINTS)I. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. (10 points) 1. All the sentences below use “the”, which is the correct one?A. Can you pass the sugar please? B. The crime is a problem in many big cities.C. The apples are good for you. D. I love the skiing.2. Our friends have lived in Ho Chi Minh city_______ 2002.A. for B. since C. in D. about3. He prefers soccer______ tennis.A. from B. than C. to D. or4. If they worked more carefully, they _____ so many mistakes.A. won’t make B. don’t make C. wouldn’t make D. didn’t make5. He _______to his friend’s party when his parents asked him to go home.A. goes B. was going C. went D. has gone6. There’s a strange man behind us. I think ______.A. we are followed B. we are being followedC. we are being following D. we are following7. Which of the following is the strongest advice?A. You should get a hair cut. B. If I were you, I’d get a haircut.C. You ought to get a hair cut. D. You really must get a hair cut.8. ________ you mind if I use your dictionary? A. Will B. Do C. Can D. Did9. Mr. Vo Van Kiet, _______ was our former Prime Minister, was born in Vinh Long.A. that B. whose C. Who D. whom10. All that rubbish will have to be ________ at once.A. get rid of B. got rid of C. got rid D. getting rid ofII. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentences. (10 points)1. My friend was (make)_____ (pay)_______ back the book.2. Hardly he (take) ________ up the book when the phone (ring) ________.3. Can you imagine what I (come) _______ across when I (roll) ________ up the carpet yesterday?4. If she wins the prize, it (be) __________because she (write) ______very well.5. He resented (ask) ______ (wait) _______. He had expected the minister to see him at once.III. Give the correct form of the word in brackets to complete each sentence. (10 points)1. A lot of toys encourage children’s_________. (imagine)2. The factory has provided cheaper__________ lately. (produce)3. Burning coal is an _______ way of heating a house. Gas is much cheaper. (economy)4. According to some scientists the earth is losing its outer atmosphere because of_____. ( pollute)5. She has one of the biggest art________ in Britain. ( collect)6. __________ has caused many socalled manmade disasters. (forest)7. __________ often walk through the streets shouting or singing about something they sell. (cry)8. Gas and oil________ always increases in cold weather. (consume)9. The police are interested in the sudden________ of the valuable painting. (appear)10. He claimed that his___________ had caused him to become a criminal. (bring up)IV. Each of the following sentences has four words or phrases underlined. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked A, B, C, D. You are to identify the one underlined word or phrase that should be corrected or rewritten. (5 points)1. Preserving natural resources mean reserving them for our future. A B C D2. Despite of the increase in air fares, most people still prefer to travel by plane. A B C D3. Regardless of your teaching method, the objective of any conversation class should be for A B students to practice speaking words. C D4. The injured man was taken to the hospital.A B C D5. In order for one to achieve the desired results in this experiment, it is necessary that he work as fastly as possible.A B C D C. READING (30 POINTS)I. The reading is followed by several questions about it. There are four possible answers (A, B, C, or D) for each question. Choose the best answer. (15 points) BENJAMIN FRANKLINFew people can embody the spirit of early America as much as Benjamin Franklin. He lived through almost the whole of the eighteenth century, being born six years after, and dying ten years before it ended. In this time he saw the American colonies grow from tiny settlements into a nation, and he also contributed much to the development of the new state.At the age of 17 Franklin ran away to Philadelphia. He had already received some training as a printer’s apprentice, and this helped him seven years later, with his first publication, the Pennsylvania Gazette. He also received a contract to do government printing work, which helped him to rise from his poor background to become a successful entrepreneur. Some of his experience in business was shared in his famous Poor Richard’s Almanak, which established his reputation throughout the American colonies. In another of his works, the Autobiography, which was written toward the end of his life, he shows the same quiet common sense.He was deeply interested in science and natural history, and his experiments with electricity and lightning led directly to the invention of the lightning rod. He was also interested in improving the conditions of his fellow men. He was involved in a number of projects in his native Philadelphia, including the setting up of a library, a university, a philosophical society, and–because he was a pragmatic man–a fire prevention service. In 1753 he became Postmaster–General of the colonies. Through this experience he began to develop the idea that the colonies of North America should be a single nation. Later, he went to London to try to persuade the British government to change the conditions, especially the taxes, that later led the American colonists into rebellion.Whatever Benjamin Franklin’s personal feelings about the rebellion of the American states, he worked hard to make it succeed. As ambassador to France, he encouraged the French to help George Washington. After the war he attended the American constitutional congress. This was his last contribution, for he died later that year. He is still fondly remembered by Americans as one of the creators of the United States.1. What is a good description for this text?A. An autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. B. The life of Benjamin Franklin.C. The works of Benjamin Franklin. D. Franklin and American Independence.2. When was Benjamin Franklin born? A. 1806 B. 1794 C. 1717 D. 17063. Which of these happened first?A. Franklin trains as a painter. B. Franklin runs away to Philadelphia.C. the American colonies rebel D. Franklin starts his first publication.4. What was Poor Richard’s Almanak about?A. Franklin’s reputation. B. How to succeed in business.C. how to do government printing. D. The text does not say.5. In which countries did Franklin live?A. England and France. B. Philadelphia and England.C. London and America. D. England, America and France.II. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). (15 points)SAVING THE TIGER.In 1973, when the tiger appeared to (0) be facing extinction, the World Wide Fund for nature and __(1)____ Indian Government agreed to set ___(2)__ “Operation Tiger” – a campaign __(3)___ save this threatened creature. They started by creating nine special parks ___ (4) ___ that tigers could live in safety. The first was at Ramthambhore , a region ___(5)__ was quickly turning into a desert __(6)__ too much of the grass was being eaten by the local people’s cattle. At the time there ____(7)__ just fourteen tigers left there. The government had to clear twelve small villages, which means moving nearly 1,000 people and 10,000 cattle so the land __ (8) __ be handed back to nature.Today, Ramthambhore is a very different place, with grass tall ___(9)___ for tigers to hide in, and There are now at _(10)___ forty of them __(11)__ the park, wandering freely about. Other animals have also benefited. For example, there are many ___(12)____ deer and monkeys than before. The people __(13)__ were moved are now living in better conditions. They live in new villages away __(14)___ the tiger park, with schools, temples and fresh water supplies. There are now sixteen such tiger parks in India and the animals’ future looks ___ (15)____ little safer. D. WRITING (25 POINTS)I. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the sentence printed before it, begin with the given word(s) or phrase. (20 points)1. You should review your lessons for the exam. It’s time____________________________________________________________2.That man used to work with me when I lived in New York.That’s ____________________________________________________________3.What a pity they close the shops at lunch time.I wished ____________________________________________________________4. We like ice cream but we don’t have it every day.Although ___________________________________________________________5.When did you start working in that factory?How long ___________________________________________________________6.Oil was slowly covering the sand of the beach. The sand ___________________________________________________________ 7. “ Where’ s the station car park?” Mrs. Smith asked. Mrs. Smith asked ____________________________________________________ 8. He was sorry he hadn’t said goodbye to her at the airport. He regretted _________________________________________________________ 9. I advise you not to buy that car. If _________________________________________________________________ 10. Why don’t you ask her yourself? I suggest that _______________________________________________________II. Make full sentences based on given cues. (5 points) 1.If you not go the party I go either.2.Unless I have quiet room I not able do work.3.nurse kind enough help him walk.4.He rather spend holidays a farm seaside.5.I return visit Japan. It wonderful trip.THE END(Đề thi gồm 04 trang)Họ và tên thí sinh: ……………………………………….. Số báo danh: ……………..ĐÁP ÁN CHUYÊN 10 (20092010)A.PHONETICS(10pts)I. Choose the word in each that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others in each group.(5pts) ( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)1. B2. D3. C4. A5. BII. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is not the same as that of the others.(5pts)( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)1. D2. B3. A4. C5. DB.VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR(35pts)1. A2. B3. C4. C5. B6. B7. D8. B9. C10. BI. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.(10pt)s( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)II. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentences. (10pts)(( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)1.made to pay 3. came – was rolling2.had he taken – rang 4. will be – writes 5. being asked – to waitIII. Give the correct form of the word in brackets to complete each sentence.(10pts)( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ, nếu viết đượcc từ nhưng thiếu “s” thì từ đó vẫn không được tính điểm)1. imagination2. products3. uneconomical uneconomic 4. pollution5. collections6. Deforestation7. Criers8. consumption9. disappearance re appearance10. upbringingIV. Each of the following sentences has four words or phrases underlined. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked A, B, C, D. You are to identify the one underlined word or phrase that should be corrected or rewritten.(5pt) (mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)1. B2. A3. D4. D5. C C. READING (30PTS)I. The reading is followed by several questions about it. There are four possible answers (A, B, C, or D) for each question. Choose the best answer.(15pts) ( mỗi câu viết đúng được 3đ)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. DII. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0) (15pts) (( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)1. the 2. up3. to4.so5. thatwhich6. sinceas becausefor7. were8. mightcould9. enough10. least11. in12. more13. who that14. from15. aC.WRITING (25pts)I. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the sentence printed before it, begin with the given word(s) or phrase.(20pts( mỗi câu viết đúng được 2đ)1.(It’s time) you reviewed your lessons for the exam.2.(That’s) the man who used to work with me when I lived in New York.3.(I wish) they would open the shops at lunch time Or. (I wished) they wouldn’t close the shops at lunch time.4.(Although) we like ice cream, we don’t have it everyday.5.(How long) have you been working in that factory?6.( The sand) of the beach was being slowly covered by oil.7.( Mrs. Smith asked) (me) where the station carpark was.8.(He regretted) not saying having said goodbye to her at the airport.9.(If I) were you, I wouldn’t by that car.10.(I suggest that) you (should) ask her yourself.II. Make full sentences based on given cues. (5 points) ( mỗi câu viết đúng được 1đ)1.If you don’t go to the party, I won’t go either.2.Unless I have a quiet room, I will not won’t be able to do my homework any work.3.The nurse is was kind enough to help him (to) walk.4.He would rather spend his holidays on a farm than at the seaside.5.I have (just) returned from a visit to Japan. It was a wonderful trip.Tổng số điểm 100.Sau khi chấm giám khảo quy về thang điểm 10.Cách làm tròn điểm; ( ví dụ) 7,1 7,0 7,2; 7,3 7,25 7,4; 7,6 7,5 7,7; 7,8 7,75 7,9 8,0SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI TUYỂN SINH LỚP 10 CHUYÊN QUỐC HỌC THỪA THIÊN HUẾ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 20072008 ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC Thời gian làm bài : 150 phút (Đề thi gồm có 6 trang Học sinh làm bài trên đề thi này) Tổng điểm:Giám khảo 1:Giám khảo 2:Mã phách:I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ( 35 points)Part 1: Choose the best answer among A,B,C or D. (15 points) 1. My mother used to ………. research in this library when she was a student.A. makeB. doC. making D. doing 2. Let’s go to the beach this weekend, ………… ?A shall weB. do weC. don’t weD. will we 3. I wish he ……….. that.A. doesn’t sayB. didn’t sayC. hasn’t saidD. hadn’t said 4. My father has gone away. He’ll be back ……… a week.A. forB. atC. untilD. in 5. Don’t do this all at once; Do it little .................... little.A. byB. toC. fromD. with 6. They are both good ............. because they type carefully.A. typewritersB. typistsC. typersD. typemen 7. We didn’t ...............to the station in time TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City TENSES REVIEW (TỔNG HỢP CÁC THÌ) No TENSE FORM ADVERBS FOLLOWING - every day/month/year/… Simple To be : S + is/am/are present + S + V/VS, ES … HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN S + doesn‟t /don‟t + V … ? Do/Does + S + V … ? - always, constantly, usually, often, generally, frequently, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, never, - Once/twice a week/ month/ year/… (Chú ý: thêm "ES" V kết thúc: s, sh, ch, o, x, z, (y) ) - now, right now, at the/this moment, at this time, Present continuous HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN + S + is/am/are + Ving … S + is/am/are + not + Ving… ? Is/am/are + S + Ving … ? at present, at the present time, … Khơng chia tiếp diễn: be, know, think, believe, hear, see, smell, wish, belong, understand, hate, love, like, want, sound, have, need, appear, seem, taste, own, Simple past Tobe: S + was/were - yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening) QUÁ KHỨ + S + Ved/V2 … - last week/month/year/… ĐƠN S + didn‟t + V … - …ago Ex: three days ago ? - in + năm khứ, in the past Past continuous QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN Did + S + V … ? + S + was/were + Ving … S + was/were + not + Ving … ? Was/were + S + Ving …? + S + has/have + P.P HIỆN TẠI S + has/have + not + P.P HOÀN ? Has/have + S + P.P ? THÀNH Present perfect continuous HTHTTD Past perfect QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH - when + QKĐ, QKTD - while + QKTD, QKĐ/ QKTD - as + QKTD, QKĐ (as + QKĐ, QKTD) - since + 1mốc thời gian , for + khoảng thời gian Present perfect - at this time yesterday, at 7.00 a.m last week - many/ several + times/ N … - yet, ever, never, already, recently, lately, just, before, how long …? - so far, until now, up to now, up to the present time (today, this week/month/…) + S + has/have + been + Ving S +has/have+ not +been +Ving ? Has/have + S + been +Ving? + S + had + P.P … S + had + not + P.P ? Had + S + P.P ? Since + mốc thời gian, for + khoảng thời gian, up to now, … ( dùng với V hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait, stand, sit,…) - After + QKHT, QKĐ - QKHT + before/by the time + QKĐ - before/by + thời gian khứ Ex: before p.m last night TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Past perfect + S + had + been + Ving continuous S + had + not + been + Ving QKHTTD ? Had + S + been + Ving ? ( dùng với V hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait, stand, sit, …) - tomorrow (morning, afternoon, evening) Simple future TƢƠNG LAI ĐƠN + S + will + V S + will + not + V ? Will + S + V ? - next week/month/year/ - in hours, in a few minutes/some days/… - in + năm tương lai - some day, soon - TLĐ + as soon as/ till/ until/ when/ before/ after + HTĐ (HTHT) 10 Future continuous TƢƠNG LAI + S + will + be + Ving S + will + not + be + Ving ? Will + S + be + Ving ? - at this time tomorrow, at 8.00 a.m next Monday - TLTD + When + HTĐ TIẾP DIỄN 11 Future perfect + S + will + have + P.P … - before/by + thời gian tương lai Ex: by TƢƠNG S + will + not + have + P.P next year LAI HOÀN ? Will + S + have + P.P ? - TLHT + before/by the time + HTĐ THÀNH 12 Future perfect continuous TLHTTD * (since/for) … before/by + thời gian tương + S + will + have +been+Ving lai - S+will+not+have+been+Ving TLHTTD, before/by the time + HTĐ ? Will+S+have +been + Ving? ( dùng với V hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait, stand, sit, …) Modal Verb S + can/ could/ should/ may/ ĐỘNG TỪ might/ must/ have to/ has to/ KHIẾM had to/ will have to/ ought to KHUYẾT …+ V EX: She can play the piano EX: You mustn’t park here EX: Nam has to stay at home today MODEL EXERCISE: Doctor Strange sometimes vegetables at this market a is buying b has bought c buys d will buy When I last Wonder Woman, she to find a job a see/ was trying b saw/ was trying c have seen/ tried d saw/ tried Look ! Flash after the train He to catch it a ran/wants b is running/wanted c is running/wants d runs/wants Black Widow “ Sleeping Beauty” several times a has seen b saw c is seeing d sees Arrow a book when I saw him a is reading b read c was reading d reading TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City WISH CLAUSE (CÂU ƢỚC) I/ FROM & USE Type FROM USE ADV of TIME S + wish + S + WOULD + V Điều ao ước xảy tương lai Tomorrow, next, in the future S + wish + S + Ved/ V2 (be → WERE) Điều ao ước khơng có thật Now, right now, at present, at the moment, at once, today S + wish + S + had + Ved/V3 S+ wish + S + could have + P.P Điều ao ước không thật Yesterday, last, in the past khứ EX: She will not tell me She can‟t come tomorrow => I wish she would tell me about that => I wish she could come tomorrow I don‟t know French - It‟s raining now - I can‟t speak Japanese Mary couldn‟t play with us => I wish I knew French => I wish it weren‟t raining now => I wish I could speak Japanese => I wish Mary could have played with us NOTES: S+WISH…= IF ONLY… EX: I wish I had met her yesterday = If only I had mer her yesterday  T m n As s t ou ( ứ n ƣ l : sau as if/ as though l V-past ho c Had P.P t y v o th c a c u c n chuyển ổi Tương t c u iều kiện EX: She talked to him as if he were a child He acted as though he had never met her II/ Rewrite sentences using WISH CL: 1/ TYPE 1: EX: + He won‟t come to my party  I wish he would come to my party + He wants to be a teacher  He wishes he would be a teacher  Dùng WISH viết lại c u c u ó th tương lai ho c ngụ ý tương lai, viết lại ổi thể Nếu c u có “want” (muốn), “hope” (hi vọng) viết lại khơng ổi thể 2/ TYPE 2: EX: What a pity I don‟t have free time  I wish I had free time  Dùng WISH viết lại c u c u ó tại, viết lại ổi thể 3/ TYPE 3: EX: + I‟m sorry, I didn‟t help you  I wish I had helped you + I regret not telling you the truth  I wish I had told you the truth  Dùng WISH viết lại c u c u ó q khứ, ho c ngụ ý khứ, viết lại c u ổi thể Notes: Khi viết lại câu dùng WISH CLAUSE ta không viết lại thành ngữ như: I’m sorry, what a pity,… TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) Active: S Pasive: S + V + O + be + P P (V3/Ved ) + by O EX: Lan buys this book in a bookstore → This book is bought in a bookstore by Lan Tense ACTIVE PASSIVE Hiện Đơn S + V/Vs, es + O S + is/ am are + P P Quá khứ Đơn S + Ved/V2 + O S + was/ were + P P Hiện Tiếp diễn S + is/am/are + Ving + O S + is/ am/ are + being + P P Quá khứ Tiếp diễn S + was/were + Ving + O S + was/ were + being + P P Hiện Hoàn thành S + has/have + P.P + O S + has/ have + been + P P Quá khứ Hoàn thành S + had + P.P + O S + had + been + P P Tương lai Đơn S + will/ shall + V + O S + will/ shall + be + P P Modal Verbs (*) S + Modal Verb + V + O S + Modal Verb + be + P P (*) can, could, may, might, should, ought to, must, has/have to, … (used to, be going to…) + V Quy tắc: Lấy tân ngữ (O) câu ch ộng làm ch ngữ (S) câu bị ộng Thêm ộng từ “to be”, phải với câu ch ộng Đưa ộng từ (V) câu ch ộng xuống, phải dạng P.P (V3/Ved ) Đưa S câu ch ộng xuống làm O cho câu bị ộng, trước có “by” Lưu ý: - Trạng từ thời gian ược t cuối câu Trạng từ nơi chốn t trước “by” - Nếu S l ại từ nh n xưng ( We, You, They, …) ho c People, Someone, Everyone, … ta bỏ i chuyển sang câu bị ộng CÁC DẠNG KHÁC TRONG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG Dạn âu có tân n ữ S + V + Indirect O + Direct O Cách1: S + be + P.P + Direct O + by O Ex: My brother hasbought me some English books S V In.O D.O → I have been bought some English books by my brother Cách2: S + be + P.P + to / for + Indirect O + by O Ex: My brother has bought me some English books →Some English books have been bought for me by my brother →My friend told me an interesting story → An interesting story was told to me by my friend Note: Các ộng từ thường i với giới từ to là: give, send, show, lend, promise, hand, pay, read, throw, wish, offer, … Các ộng từ thường i với giới từ for là: buy, get, make, do, leave, save, … TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Dạng động từ ý kiến: say, think, report, believe, rumour, … Active: S + say / think + that + S2 + V2 + O2 … Passive: - It + is / was + said / thought + that + S2 + V2 + O2 … S2 + is / was/ are said / thought + to-inf … (hành ộng mệnh ề xảy ồng thời) + to have + V3 (hành ộng xảy trước hành ộng 1) + to be + V-ing (hành ộng dùng tiếp diễn) Ex: People said that he had left → It was said ……………………………………………………………………………… → He……………………………………………………………………………… ……… Ex: They think he is a good doctor → It is thought that he is a good doctor → He……………………………………………………………………………….….…… Ex: They said that John was living in London → It was said that John was living in London → John……………………………………………………………………………………… Ex: They expect that the price of oil will go down next month → It is expected that the price of oil will go down next month → ……………………………………………………………………………………… … Dạn n ấn mạn (Cleft sentences): It is / was + focus + who / that + be + P.P Who: người That: vật, nơi chốn, thời gian Ex: They gave Mary a lot of presents → ………………………… ……………………………………… My friend send me someflowers → …………………………………………………………………… T ể s k ến: Active: S + have + O ngƣời + V1 + O vật Acitive: S + get + O n ƣời + to-inf + O vật Passive: S + have / get + O vật + V3 + (by + O n ƣờ Ex: I had him repair my bicycle yesterday ………………………… ……………………………………… I get her to make some coffee ………………………… ……………………………………… Động từ giác quan: see, watch, hear, look, taste,… Active: S + V + O + V1 / V-ing Passive: S + be + V3 + to-inf / V-ing … Ex: They saw her come in ………………………… ……………………………………… They saw the lorry running down the hill ………………………… ……………………………………… Độn từ let: Active: S + let + s.o + V1 … Passive: S + be + allowed + to-inf Ex: He let me go → I ………………………… ……………………………………… Độn từ make: Active: S + make + s.o + V1 … → Passive: S + be + made + to- n … Ex: My mother made me clean the room → ………………………… …………………………………… Sau “T ere be” ó thể dùn độn từ nguyên mẫu ạn chủ động oặ bị độn Ex: There is a lot of work to / to be done → There are some letters to write / to be written TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƢỜNG THUẬT C u tường thuật (c u gián tiếp) l c u d ng ể thuật lại nội dung c a lời nói tr c tiếp a Nếu động từ mệnh đề tường thuật dùng thì đổi sang câu gián tiếp ta đổi ngơi; khơng đổi động từ trạng từ Ex: She says: “I am a teacher.” → She says that she is a teacher Ex: “I am writing a letter now” Tom says → Tom says that he is writing a letter now b Nếu động từ mệnh đề tường thuật dùng khứ chuyển sang câu gián tiếp ta đổi ngơi, động từ, trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn I T y đổ n ô (Đại từ n ân xƣn , Đại từ sở hữu Tính từ sở hữu) N t ứ n ất: d a v o ủ từ c a mệnh ề tường thuật; thường ổi sang thứ ba I → He / She me → him / her my → his / her We → They us → them our → their Ex: He said: “I learned English.” → He said that he had learnt English Ex: She said to me, “My mother gives me a present.” → She told me that her mother gave her a present Ngôi thứ hai: (You, your) - Xét ý nghĩa c a c u v ổi cho ph hợp, thường ổi d a v o tú từ c a mệnh ề tường thuật Ex: Mary said: “You are late again.” → Mary said that you were late again Ex: “I will meet you at the airport”, he said to me → He told me that he would meet me at the airport Ngôi thứ ba (He / She / Him / Her / His / They / Them / Their): giữ nguyên, không ổi II T y đổi câu: DIRECT (trự t ếp INDIRECT ( n t ếp is / am / are (+ not) was / were (+ not) was / were + V-ing am / is / are + V-ing oesn‟t on‟t + V1 n‟t + V1 V1 /Vs(es) V2 / V-ed n‟t + V1 n‟t + V3 V-ed have / has + V3 / V-ed had + V3 / V-ed have / has been +V-ing had been + V-ing V2 / -ed had + V3 / V-ed was / were (+ V-ing) had been (+ V-ing) will + V1 would + V1 will be + V-ing would be + V-ing Modal verb - can + V1 - could + V1 - may + V1 - might + V1 - must + V1 - had to + V1 III T y đổi trạng từ thờ n v nơ ốn: DIRECT INDIRECT Now Then Here There This That These Those Today That day Yesterday The day before / the previous day Last year The year before / the previous year Tonight That night Tomorrow The following day / the next day Next month The following month / the next month Ago Before TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City CÁC THAY ĐỔI CỤ THỂ CHO TỪNG LOẠI CÂU TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP COMMANDS / REQUESTS (Câu mện lện , âu đề n ị - Mệnh lệnh khẳn định: Direct: S + V + O: “V1 + O …” Indirect: S + asked / told + O + to + V- n + … Ex: He said to her: “Keep silent, please.” → He told her to keep silent “Wash your hands before having dinner, Lan.” the mother said → The mother told Lan to wash her hands before having dinner - Mện lện p ủ địn : Direct: S + V + O: “Don‟t + V1 + …” Indirect: S + asked / told + O + not + to + V- n … Ex: “Don‟t forget to phone me this afternoon,” he said → He reminded me to phone him that afternoon The teacher said to the students: “Don‟t talk in the class.”→ The teacher told the students not to talk in the class T y theo ngữ cảnh lời nói ộng từ tường thuật said ho c said to ổi th nh told, asked, advised, persuaded, directed, begged, encouraged, remind … Ex: The doctor said to his patient: “Do exercise regularly.”→ The doctor advised his patient to exercise regularly STATEMENT (Câu tr n thuật) Direct: S + V + (O : “ l use” Indirect: S + told / said + (O) + (that) + clause Note: said to → told Ex: Tom said, “I want to visit my friend this weekend.” → Tom said (that) he wanted to visit his friend that weekend She said to me, “I am going to Dalat next summer.” → She told me (that) she was going to Dalat the following summer QUESTIONS (Câu hỏi) a Yes – No question Direct: S + V + (O : “Aux V + S + V1 + ….?” Indirect: S + ske + O + w et er + S + V + … Ex: He asked: “Have you ever been to Japan, Mary?”→ He asked Mary if / whether she had ever been to Japan “Did you go out last night, Tan?” I asked → I asked Tan if / whether he had gone out the night before b Wh – question Direct: S + V + (O : “W - + Aux V + S + V1 + …?” Indirect: S + asked + O + Wh- + S + V + … Ex: “How long are you waiting for the bus?” he asked me → He asked me how long I was waiting for the bus DANH ĐỘNG TỪ (V-ING TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP Khi lời nói trực tiếp lời đề nghị , chúc mừng, cảm ơn, xin lỗi, …động từ tường thuật với danh động từ (V-ing) theo sau thường dùng để chuyển tải nội dung lời nói a Reporting Verb + V- n + … deny (phủ nhận) admit (thừa nhận suggest (đề nghị) regret (nuối tiếc) appreciate (đánh giá cao, cảm kích) Ex: Peter said: “I didn‟t steal the painting.” we go out for a walk?” said the boy → → Peter denied stealing the painting.“Why don‟t The boy suggested going out for a walk TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City b - Reporting Verb + O + Preposition + V-ing + … apologize (+ to O) + for thank + O + for accuse + O + of congratulate + O + on warn + O + against compliment + O + on blame + to O + for dream of object to insist on complain about xin lỗi … cám ơn … buộc tội … chúc mừng … cảnh báo … khen ngợi … ổ lỗi cho mơ … chống ối … khăng khăng òi … ph n n n … Ex: “I‟m happy to know that you win the game Congratulations!”, Jim said to Mary → Jim congratulated Mary on winning the game Daisy said: “Thank you for helping me” → Daisy thanked me for helping her Note: W y on‟t you W y not How bout …? → S1 + suggested + (that) + S2 + (should) + V- n … Ex: “Why don‟t you send her some flowers, Tony?” he said → He suggested Tony (should) send her some flowers Let‟s → suggested + V- n … Let‟s not → suggested + not + V- n … Ex: “Let‟s meet outside the cinema,” he said → He suggested meeting outside the cinema She said: “Let‟s not talk about that problem again.” → She suggested not talking about that problem again S ll we It‟s oo e → suggested + V- n … Ex: “It‟s a good idea to go for a picnic this weekend,” she said → She suggested going for a picnic that weekend ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU (TO-INFINITIVE TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP Khi lời nói gián tiếp lời đề nghị, mệnh lệnh, ý định, lời hứa, lời yêu cầu, …động từ tường thuật với động từ nguyên mẫu theo sau thường dùng để chuyển tải nội dung lời nói a Reporting Verb + To- n … - agree - hope - threaten ( e dọa) - refuse demand ( òi hỏi) promise volunteer consent (bằng lòng) guarantee (bảo ảm) swear (thề) offer ( ưa ề nghị) decide Ex: “I will give you my book if you need it,” said my friend → My friend offered to give me her book if I needed it b Reporting Verb + Object + To- n … - ask (bảo, yêu c u) - expect (mong ợi) - order (ra lệnh) - remind (nhắc nhở) - urge (thúc giục) advise (khuyên) instruct (hướng dẫn) persuade (thuyết phục) encourage (cổ vũ) warn (cảnh báo) command (ra lệnh) invite (mời) recommend ( ề nghị) tell (bảo) want (muốn, mong muốn) TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Ex: “Don‟t forget to lock the door,” I said to my sister → I reminded my sister to lock the door Ann said: “Come to my place whenever you are free.” → Ann invited me to come to her place whenever I was free Note: Lờ đề n ị: Would you / Could you / Will you / Can you → asked + someone + to-inf Would you mind / Do you mind + V-ing → asked + someone + to-inf Ex: “Can you read the instructions again?” she said → She asked me to read the instructions again He said: “Would you mind opening the door, please?” → He asked me to open the door TAG QUESTIONS (CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI) I CÁCH THÀNH LẬP Câu hỏi i gồm có: ch ngữ (phải l ại từ nh n xưng) v trợ ộng từ hay ộng từ c biệt Nếu câu phát biểu thể xác ịnh câu hỏi i thể ph ịnh v ngược lại Nếu câu hỏi i thể ph ịnh phải dùng hình thức tĩnh lược (contractive form) EX: STATEMENTS QUESTION-TAGS ’ He is a good boy, isn t he? The girl didn't come here yesterday, did she? They will go away, won't they? She hasn't left, has she? II CHÚ Ý: a Phần đuô ủ “ I m” l “ ren‟t I “ Eg: I’m going to it again, aren’t I? b Imperatives and Requests ( Câu mệnh lệnh câu u cầu): + Có ph n i l “won‟t you?” c u phát biểu diễn tả lời mời: Eg: Take your seat, won’t you? (Mời ơng ngồi) + Có ph n uôi l “will you?” c u phát biểu diễn tả lời yêu c u ho c mệnh lệnh ph ịnh Eg: Open the door, will you? ( Xin vui lòng mở cửa) Don‟t be late, will you ? (Đừng i trễ nha) c Ph n uôi c a câu bắt u “ Let‟s ” : “shall we ?” Eg: Let‟s go swimming, shall we? Nhưng ph n uôi c a “Let us Let me” “w ll you” d Nothing, anything, something, everything ược thay “ It” câu hỏi uôi: Eg : Everything will be all right, won’t it? No one, Nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, everyone ược thay “T ey” câu hỏi uôi Eg: Someone remembered to leave the messages, didn‟t they? TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City *Lƣu ý: Nothing, Nobody, No one ược dùng mệnh ề chính, ộng từ câu hỏi i phải dạng khẳng ịnh (Vì Not n , Nobo y, No one ó n ĩ p ủ định) Eg: Nothing gives you more pleasure than listening to music, does it ? e This/ That ược thay “It” - Eg: This won‟t take long, will it? f These/ Those ược thay “T ey” Eg: Those are nice, aren‟t they? g Khi câu nói có từ ph ịnh như: sel om, r rely, r ly, no, w t out, never, ew, l ttle, … ph n uôi phải dạng khẳng ịnh Eg: He seldom goes to the movies, does he? - Nếu mệnh ề có từ ph ịnh neither, no, none, no one, nobody, nothing, scarcely, barely, hardly, hardly ever, seldom …, th c u hỏi uôi thể khẳng ịnh Examples: Nothing was said, ? Peter hardly ever go to parties, ? h Nếu câu phát biểu có dạng : You „d better → c u hỏi uôi : hadn’t you ? You‟d rather → c u hỏi uôi : wouldn’t you ? You used to → c u hỏi uôi : didn’t you ? III Ý n ĩ câu hỏ đ : - Nếu ta hạ giọng, có nghĩa ta thực đặt câu hỏi cho người đối thoại ta muốn người nghe đồng tình với - Nếu ta lên giọng câu hỏi ta muốn hỏi lại người nghe INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS (To-inf V-ing) To-Infinitive - Sau động từ: Agre , appear, afford, ask, demand, expect, hesitate, intend, invite, want, wish, hope, promise, decide, tell, refuse, learn, fail (thất bại), plan, manage, pretend (giả vờ), remind, persuade, encourage, force, order, urge (thúc giục), seem, tend, threaten,… - Trong cấu trúc: + It takes / took + O + thời gian + to-inf + mụ đí (để) + sau từ hỏ : w t, w ere, w en, ow, … + It + be + adj + to-inf: thật … ể Ex: It is interesting to study English + S + be + adj + to-inf Ex: I‟m happy to receive your latter + S + V + too + adj / adv + to-inf + S + V + adj / adv + enough + to-inf + S + find / think / believe + it + adj + to-inf Ex: I find it difficult to learn English vocabulary - Sau từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how ,… (nhưng thường không dùng sau why) Ex: I don‟t know what to say * Note: - allow / permit/ advise / recommend + O + to-inf - allow / permit / advise / recommend + V-ing EX: EX: She allowed me to use her pen She didn‟t allow smoking in her room 10 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City PHRASAL VERBS ( ĐỘNG TỪ KÉP THÔNG DỤNG) A account for : chiếm, giải thích allow for : tính ến, xem xét ến ask after : hỏi thăm sức khỏe ask for : hỏi xin ask sb in/ out : cho vào/ urge sb into/ out of : thuyết phục làm gì/khơng làm B to be over : qua to be up to sb to V : ó có trách nhiệm phải làm to bear up= to confirm : xác nhận to bear out : chịu ng to blow out : thổi tắt blow down : thổi ổ blow over : thổi qua to break away = to run away : chạy trốn break down : hỏng hóc, suy nhược, òa khóc break in(to+ O) : ột nhập, cắt ngang break up : chia tay , giải tán break off : tan vỡ mối quan hệ to bring about : mang ến, mang lại ( = result in) bring down = to land : hạ xuống bring out : xuất (= publish) bring up : nuôi dưỡng ( danh từ up bringing) bring off : thành công, oạt giải to burn away : tắt d n burn out : cháy trụi C call for : mời gọi, yêu c u call up : gọi i lính, gọi iện thoại, nhắc lại kỉ niệm call on/ call in at sb's house : ghé thăm nh C ll n on t sb‟s ouse : ghé thăm nh Call at : ghé thăm Call off = cancel : h y bỏ Care about : quan t m, ể ý tới Care for : muốn, thích ( =would like ) , quan t m chăm sóc ( = take care of) Carry away : mang i , ph n phát Carry on = go on : tiếp tục Carry out : tiến hành , th c Carry off = bring off : oạt giải Catch on : trở nên phổ biến , nắm bắt kịp Catch up with = keep up with = keep pace with : bắt kịp, theo kịp , Chew over = think over : nghĩ kĩ 22 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Check in / out : làm th tục / vào Check up : kiểm tra sức khoẻ Clean out : dọn , lấy i hết Clean up : dọn gọn gàng Clear away : lấy i , mang i Clear up : làm sáng tỏ Close down : phá sản , óng cửa nhà máy Close in : tiến tới Close up : xích lại g n Come over/ round = visit : thăm, thăm viếng Come round : hồi tỉnh Come down : sụp ổ ( =collapse ) , giảm (= reduce ) Come down to : Come up : ề cập ến , nhô lên , nhú lên Come up with : nảy ra, loé lên Come up against : ương u, ối m t Come out : xuất Come out with : tung sản phẩm Come about = happen : xảy Come across : tình cờ g p Come apart : vỡ vụn, lìa Come along / on with : hoà hợp , tiến triển Come into : thừa kế Come off : thành công, long ,bong Count on SB for ST : trông cậy vào Cut back on / cut down on : cắt giảm ( chi tiêu) Cut in : cắt ngang (= interrupt ) Cut ST out off ST : cắt rời khỏi Cut off : lập, cách li, ngừng phục vụ Cut up : chia nhỏ Cross out : gạch i, xoá i D Die away / die down : giảm i , dịu i ( cường ộ ) Die out / die off : tuyệt ch ng Die for : thèm g ến chết Die of : chết bệnh Do away with : bãi bỏ, bãi miễn Do up = decorate : trang trí Do with : l m ược nhờ có Do without : l m ược mà khơng c n Draw back : rút lui Drive at : ngụ ý, ám Drop n t SB „s ouse : ghé thăm nh Drop off : buồn ng Drop out of school : bỏ học 23 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City E End up : kết thúc Eat up : ăn hết Eat out : ăn ngo i F Face up to : ương u , ối m t Fall back on : trông cậy , d a vào Fall in with : mê ( fall in love with SB : yêu ó say ắm ) Fall behind : chậm so với d ịnh , rớt lại phía sau Fall through = call off, cancel : h y bỏ Fall off : giảm d n Fall down : thất bại Fell up to : cảm thấy sức làm Fill in : iền vào Fill up with : ổ y Fill out : iền hết , iền Fill in for : ại diện, thay Find out : tìm G Get through to sb : liên lạc với Get through : hoàn tất ( = accomplish ) , vữợt qua (= get over) Get into : i v o , lên ( xe) Get in : ến, trúng cử Get off : cởi bỏ , xuống xe , khởi hành Get out of = avoid : tránh, tránh khỏi Get down : i xuống, ghi lại Get sb down : làm thất vọng Get down to doing : bắt u nghiêm túc làm vịêc Get to doing : bắt tay vào làm việc Get round ( to doing) : xoay xở , hoàn tất Get along / on with = come along / on with : hòa hợp, hòa thuận với ó Get st across : làm cho g c hiểu Get back : trở lại Get up : ng dậy Get ahead : vượt trước Get away with : cuỗm theo Get over : vượt qua Get on one‟s nerves : l m phát iên , chọc tức Give away : cho i , tống i , tiết lộ bí mật Give st back : trả lại Give in : bỏ Give way to : nhượng , u h ng( = give oneself up to ), nhường chỗ cho Give up : từ bỏ Give out : phân phát , cạn kịêt Give off : toả , phát ( m i hương , hương vị) 24 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Go out : i ngo i , lỗi thời Go out with : hẹn hò Go through : kiểm tra , th c công việc Go through with : kiên trì bền bỉ Go for : cố gắng gi nh c Go in for : = take part in = participate in = join : tham gia Go with : phù hợp Go without : kiêng nhịn Go off : giận, nổ tung , thối ( thức ăn ) Go off with = give away with : cuỗm theo Go ahead : tiến lên Go b k on one „ s wor : không giữ lời Go down with : mắc bệnh Go over : kiểm tra , xem xét kĩ lưỡng Go up : tăng , i lên , v o ại học Go into : lâm vào Go away : cút i , i khỏi Go round : chia Go on : tiếp tục Grow out of : lớn, vượt khỏi Grow up : trưởng thành H Hand down to = pass on to : truyền lại ( cho hệ sau) Hand in : giao nộp ( , tội phạm ) Hand back : giao lại Hand over : trao trả quyền l c Hand out : phân phát (= give out) Hang round : lảng vảng Hang on = hold on = hold off : c m máy ( iện thoại) Hang up ( off) : cúp máy Hang out : treo Hold on off = put off : trì hỗn Hold on : c m máy Hold back : kiềm chế Hold up : cản trở / trấn lột J Jump at a chance /an opportunity: chộp lấy hội Jump at a conclusion : vội kết luận Jump at an order : vội vàng nhận lời Jump for joy : nhảy lên v sung sướng Jump into ( out of) : nhảy vào ( ra) K Keep away from = keep off : tránh xa Keep out of : ngăn cản Keep sb back from : ngăn cản khơng làm 25 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Keep sb from = stop sb from = prevent sb from: ngăn cản làm Keep sb together : gắn bó Keep up : giữ lại , trì Keep up with : theo kip Keep on = keep ving : tiếp tục làm Knock down = pull down : kéo ổ , sụp ổ, san Knock out : hạ gục L Lay down : ban hành , hạ vũ khí Lay out : xếp, lập dàn ý Leave sb off = to dismiss sb: cho nghỉ việc Leave out = get rid of : loại bỏ, từ bỏ Let sb down : làm thất vọng Let sb in / out : cho vào / , phóng thích Let out: cho chảy ngồi, tiết lộ Let sb off : tha bổng cho ai, phạt nhẹ Let up = stop Lie down : nằm nghỉ Live up to : sống xứng với Live on : sống d a vào Lock up : khóa ch t Look after : chăm sóc Look at : quan sát Look back on : nhớ lại, hồi tưởng Look round : quay lại nhìn Look for : tìm kiếm Look forward to V_ing : mong ợi , mong chờ Look in on : ghé thăm Look up : tra cứu ( từ iển, số iện thoại ) Look into : xem xét , nghiên cứu Look on : ứng nhìn thờ Look out : coi chừng Look out for : cảnh giác với Look over : kiểm tra Look up to : tôn trọng Look dowm on : coi thường M Make up : trang iểm, bịa chuyện Make out : phân biệt Make up for : ền bù, hoà giải với Make the way to : t m ữờng ến Mix out : trộn lẫn , lộn xộn Miss out : bỏ lỡ Move away : bỏ i, i Move out : chuyển i Move in : chuyển ến O 26 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Order SB about ST : sai, lệnh cho làm Owe st to sb : có c g nhờ P Pass away = to die : chết Pass by = go past : i ngang qua , trôi qua Pass on to = hand down to : truyền lại Pass out = to faint : ngất Pay sb back : trả nợ Pay up the dept : trả hết nợ n n Point out : Pull back : rút lui Pull down = to knock down : kéo ổ , san Pull in to : vào( nhà ga ) Push up: gia tăng Pull st out : lấy Push on = go on Pull over at : ỗ xe Push out: xô, ẩy Put st aside : cất i , ể dành Push through: xô ẩy qua Put st away : cất i Put through to sb : liên lạc với Put S.O through: nối máy cho Put down : hạ xuống Put down to : lí c a Put on : m c v o , tăng c n Put up : d ng lên , tăng giá Put up with : tha thứ, chịu ng Put up for : xin ng nhờ Put out : dập tắt Put st/ sb out : ưa / g ngo i Put off : trì hỗn = postpone R Run after : truy uổi Run away/ off from : chạy trốn Run out (of) : cạn kiệt Run over : è chết Run back : quay trở lại Run down : cắt giảm , ngừng phục vụ Run into : tình cờ g p , m xô , l m v o Ring after : gọi lại sau Ring off : tắt máy ( iện thoại ) S Save up : ể giành See to = take care of See about = see to : quan t m , ể ý Set S.O down: ể xuống See sb off : tạm biệt See sb though : nhận chất c a See over = go over : xem xét, kiểm tra lại Send for : yêu c u , mời gọi Send to : ưa v o ( bệnh viện , nhà tù) 27 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Send back : trả lại Set out / off : khởi hành , bắt u Set in : bắt u ( dùng cho thời tiết) Set up : d ng lên, thành lập Set sb back : ngăn cản Settle down : an cư lập nghiệp Show off : khoe khoang , khoác lác Show up : ến tới, xuất Shop round : mua bán loanh quanh Shut down : sập tiệm , phá sản Shut up : ngậm miệng lại Sit round : ngồi nhàn rỗi Sit up for : chờ tận khuya Slown down : chậm lại Stand by : ng hộ Stand out : bật Stand for : ại diện, viết tắt c a, khoan dung Stand in for : chỗ c a Stay away from : tránh xa Stay behind : lại Stay up : i ng muộn, thức Stay on at : lại trường ể học them T Take away from : lấy i, l m nguôi i Take after : giống úc Take sb / st back to : em trả laị Take down : lấy xuống Mistake sb for sb else : nh m với Take in : lừa gạt , hiểu Take on : tuyển thêm , lấy thêm người Take off : cất cánh , cởi tháo bỏ Take over : giành quyền kiểm sốt Take up : ảm nhận, chiếm giữ ( khơng gian ), bắt Take to : yêu thích Talk sb into st : thuyết phục Talk sb out of : cản trở Throw away : ném i , vứt hẳn i Throw out : vứt i, tống cổ Tie down : ràng buộc Tie in with : buộc ch t Tie sb out = wear sb out = exhaust sb : làm kiệt sức ó Tell off : mắng mỏ Try on : thử ( qu n áo ) Try out : thử ( máy móc ) Turn away= turn down : từ chối u làm ( thành sở thích) 28 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Turn into : chuyển thành Turn out : sản xuất , hoá Turn on / off : mở, tắt Turn up / down : v n to , nhỏ ( m lượng ) Turn up : xuất hịên , ến tới Turn in : i ng U Use up : sử dụng hết , cạn kiệt W Wait for : ợi Wait up for : ợi ến tận khuya Watch out /over= look out : cẩn thận, coi chừng Watch out for = look out for : ể ý, ợi chờ thứ g ó ến Wear off : tác dụng , biến , nhạt d n Wear sb out = exhaust sb : làm kiệt sức ó Work off : loại bỏ Work out : tìm cách giải Work up : làm khuấy ộng Wipe out : huỷ diệt Write down : viết vào SPECIAL PHRASAL VERBS Phrasal Verb Meaning look up to admire sb ngưỡng mộ look down on think you are better than sb xem thường put up with tolerate (you can't anything about it) chịu come up with think of an idea có ý tưởng comes across as appear to be thể / tình cờ g p get away with not get caught / escape punishment tẩu thoát / ko bị trừng phạt get away from ng trốn thoát/ thoát khỏi look forward to be excited about a future event mong ợi come down with get sick nhiễm bệnh grow out of stop liking ngừng thích cut down on sth less cắt giảm keep up with sth fast enough own up to admit sth thừa nhận get on with have a good relationship with sb hòa ồng fall out with argue and stop being friends cãi không làm bạn make up with start being friends again after an argument làm hòa lại break up with end a romantic relationship chia tay stand up for defend yourself (verbally) bảo trọng uổi kịp 29 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City run out of used all of something hết / cạn kiệt Break in on to interrupt ngắt quãng uổi kịp Catch up with Check up on check kiểm tra drop out of leave school rời trường get along with have a good relationship with có mối quan hệ tốt Get rid of eliminate loại trừ Look in on visit somebody thăm ó Look out for be careful, anticipate cẩn thận Make sure of verify chắn Take care of be responsible for, look after chăm sóc Talk back to answer impolitely trả lời ko lịch s Walk out on abandon bỏ lại Come away with Learn sth useful from someone or sth Check up on Make sure someone is ok chắn ó OK Come down to Be the most important point or idea quan trọng Come up against Be faced with a difficult person or situation ối u Face up to Accept an unpleasant truth chấp nhận s thật ko thoải mái Keep in touch with Stay in regular contact giữ liên lạc Look out for Protect someone bảo vệ Make up for Do something to apologize l mg Stand up for Support an idea or a principle Team up with Do a task together Keep up on ó ể xin lỗi ng hộ làm tập chung / hợp tác cập nhật Catch sight of :bắt g p Show affection for : có cảm tình Feel pity for : thương xót Lose sight of :mất hút Feel regret for : ân hận Feel sympathy for : thông cảm Make fun of : chế diễu Take/have pity on : thương xót Make a decision on : ịnh Lose track of : dấu Make complaint about : kêu ca, phàn nàn Make a fuss about : làm om xòm Take account of : lưu t m Make room for : dọn chỗ Make allowance for : chiếu cố Take notice of : ể ý Keep pace with : theo kịp Keep correspondence with : liên lạc thư từ Take advantage of : lợi dụng Make a contribution to : góp ph n Lose touch with : liên lạc Take leave of : từ biệt Give birth to : sanh Give place to : nhường chỗ Give way to : nhượng bộ, chịu thua Pay attention to : ý Put an end to : kết thúc 30 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Put a stop to : chấm dứt Set fire to : ốt cháy Play an influence over : có ảnh hưởng Get victory over : chiến thắng Take interest in : quan tâm Have faith in : tin tưởng Feel shame at : xấu hổ Have a look at : nhìn Face up to Chấp nhận iều g Go in for Đăng ký, tham gia Make up for B ó ắp cho FULL IRREGULAR VERBS (BẢNG ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUY TẮC ĐẦY ĐỦ) arise arose arisen phát sinh awake be bear become befall begin behold bend beset bespeak awoke was/were bore became befell began beheld bent beset bespoke awoken been borne become befallen begun beheld bent beset bespoken ánh thức, thức thì, là, bị mang, chịu d ng trở nên xảy ến bắt u ngắm nhìn bẻ cong bao quanh chứng tỏ bid bind bleed blow break breed bring broadcast build burn buy cast catch chide choose cleave cleave come cost bid bound bled blew broke bred brought broadcast built burnt/burned bought cast caught chid/ chided chose clove/ cleft/ cleaved clave came cost bid trả giá bound buộc, trói bled chảy máu blown thổi broken ập vỡ bred nuôi, dạy dỗ brought mang ến broadcast phát built xây d ng burnt/burned ốt, cháy bought mua cast ném, tung caught bắt, chụp chid/ chidden/ chided mắng chửi chosen chọn, l a cloven/ cleft/ cleaved chẻ, tách hai cleaved dính ch t come ến, i ến cost có giá 31 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City crow cut crew/crewed cut crowed cut gáy (gà) cắt, ch t deal dig dive drew dream drink drive dwell eat fall feed feel fight find flee fling fly forbear forbid forecast foresee foretell forget forgive forsake freeze get gild gird give go grind grow hang have hear heave hide dealt dug dove/ dived did drew dreamt/ dreamed drank drove dwelt ate fell fed felt fought found fled flung flew forbore forbade/ forbad forecast/ forecasted foresaw foretold forgot forgave forsook froze got gilt/ gilded girt/ girded gave went ground grew had heard hove/ heaved hid dealt dug dived done drawn dreamt/ dreamed drunk driven dwelt eaten fallen fed felt fought found fled flung flown forborne forbidden forecast/ forecasted forseen foretold forgotten forgiven forsaken frozen got/ gotten gilt/ gilded girt/ girded given gone ground grown had heard hove/ heaved hidden giao thiệp l n; lao xuống làm vẽ; kéo mơ thấy uống lái xe trú ngụ, ăn ngã; rơi cho ăn; ăn; nuôi; cảm thấy chiến ấu tìm thấy; thấy chạy trốn tung; quang bay nhịn cấm oán; cấm tiên oán thấy trước oán trước qn tha thứ ruồng bỏ (l m) ơng lại có ược mạ vàng eo v o cho i nghiền; xay mọc; trồng móc lên; treo lên có, ăn nghe trục lên giấu; trốn; nấp 32 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City hit hold hit held hit held ụng c m, nắm, tổ chức hurt inlay input inset keep kneel knit know lay lead leap learn leave lend let lie light lose make mean meet mislay misread misspell mistake misunderstand mow outbid outdo outgrow output outrun outsell overcome overeat overfly overhang overhear overlay hurt inlaid input inset kept knelt/ kneeled knit/ knitted knew laid led leapt learnt/ learned left lent let lay lit/ lighted lost made meant met mislaid misread misspelt mistook misunderstood mowed outbid outdid outgrew output outran outsold overcame overate overflew overhung overheard overlaid hurt inlaid input inset kept knelt/ kneeled knit/ knitted known laid led leapt learnt/ learned left lent let lain lit/ lighted lost made meant met mislaid misread misspelt mistaken misunderstood mown/ mowed outbid outdone outgrown output outrun outsold overcome overeaten overflown overhung overheard overlaid l m au cẩn; khảm ưa v o (máy iện toán) dát; ghép giữ quỳ an biết; quen biết t; ể dẫn dắt; lãnh ạo nhảy; nhảy qua học; ược biết i; ể lại cho mượn (vay) cho phép; ể cho nằm thắp sáng làm mất; chế tạo; sản xuất có nghĩa l g pm t ể lạc ọc sai viết sai tả phạm lỗi, l m lẫn hiểu l m cắt cỏ trả giá làm giỏi lớn nhanh cho (dữ kiện) chạy nhanh hơn; vượt bán nhanh khắc phục ăn nhiều bay qua nhô lên trên, treo lơ lửng nghe trộm ph lên 33 TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City overpay overrun overpaid overran overpaid overrun trả tiền tràn ngập oversee overshoot oversleep overtake overthrow pay prove put read rebuild redo remake rend repay resell retake rewrite oversaw overshot overslept overtook overthrew paid proved put read rebuilt redid remade rent repaid retold retook overseen overshot overslept overtaken overthrown paid proven/proved put read rebuilt redone remade rent repaid retold retaken trông nom i ích ng quên uổi bắt kịp lật ổ trả (tiền) chứng minh(tỏ) t; ể ọc xây d ng lại làm lại làm lại; chế tạo lại toạc ra; xé hoàn tiền lại bán lại chiếm lại; tái chiếm 34 ... shall we? Nhưng ph n uôi c a “Let us Let me” “w ll you” d Nothing, anything, something, everything ược thay “ It” câu hỏi uôi: Eg : Everything will be all right, won’t it? No one, Nobody, anyone,... yesterday IV CÁC LOẠI MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: Mện đề quan hệ x định (Defining relative clauses) • L mệnh ề quan hệ dùng cho danh từ Chưa xác ịnh Đ y l mệnh ề quan hệ c n thi t danh từ phía trước chưa xác... … TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI TLH - Mr Bảo English – HP: 0967 88 44 46 - Add: 14/3 Tran Hung Dao – BMT City Dạng động từ ý kiến: say, think, report, believe, rumour, … Active: S + say / think + that