DAI HQC QUOC GIA HANQT
a/a
BAO CAO TONG KET
rnr
TGn tI6
euA rHUc HIEN on rar KH&cN
cAr o4t Hec euoc crA
tii:
NcmtN clru euy rRiNH rnAN nUv PoLIcLoBIPHENYL
BANG xuc rAc O NnIpr De rHAp, nAN cnt niNn tHANn vA
.
pnArrnArcAccnArONnrrurnrJcAp
ua
tii:
QG - 12 - ss
Chri nhiQm aii tei: pcs.ts. D6 Quang Huy
s6 ad
pnAN r. rn0xc rrN crrtrNc
1.1. TAn ala tdri:
NcnrtN crru euv rnixn pnAN nirv por.rcr,osrpnrr\ryl nANc xfc rAc
oNrnT,T De rnAr, n4N cuf sirurnAxu vA rnAr rnar cAc cnAr 6
xsrEm rlrrJ cAp
1.2.
Mi
s6: QG - 12 - 55
1.3. Danh s6ch chr&
TT
tri, thhnh vi6n tham gia thgc hiQn dA tni
Chfc danh, hgc vi,
Don v! cdng
hg vir tOn
Vai trd thuc hi6n
de tzr
tic
cht hi
1
D6 Quang Huy
Khoa M6i truhng, Truhng Dai hqc
Khoa hec Tu nhiOn, EHQGHN
2
Nghi€m Xu0n Trudng
Nghi6n criu sinh, Trung tdm NhiQt d6i
ViQtNga, BQ Qu6c phdng
Thdnh vi6n
J
D6 Thi ViCt Hucmg
Khoa H6a hgc, Truong D4i hoc Khoa
hoc Tgnhi6n, EHQGHN
Thdnh vi6n
4
Biri Tnrng Thdnh
Hgc vi6n cao hgc, Trung tdm C6ng
nghQ vd xrl li MOi truong, BQ Qu5c
phdng
Thdnh vi6n
5
Ng6 Thi MinhHi6n
Hoc vi6n cao hec
Thdnh vi0n
6
Nguy6n KiAu HLmg
C36 - Cuc c6nh s6t M6i trtrong, BQ
C6ng an
Thdnh vi6n
vi cht tri:
1.5. Thdi gian thqc hiQn:
1.4. Don
d6ng:
tu th6ng 10 ndm 2012 tttin th6ng 10 nim 2014
I .5.2. Cia h4n (ntiu c6): d6n thring. . ... nam.....
1.5.3. Thuc hiQn thgc t6: ft th6ng 10 n5m 2012 d6n th6ng 10 ndm 2014
1.5.1. Theo hqp
1.6. Nhirng thay
tl6i
so
vfi
thuy6t minh ban tIAu (n{iu c6): Kh6ng c6
(Vi *ug ti€u, nQi dung, phuong phdp, kdt qud nghiAn cnu vir
i
chric thtc hiQn; NgltyAn
nhdn; Y ki€n aia Co quan qudn lj,)
1.7. T6ng kinh phi tlugc ph6 duyQt cfra dd thi: 200 tri6u d6ng (hai trdm triQu).
PHAN II. T6NG QUAN XET QUA NGHION C(IU
Viiit theo cAu trfc mQt bdi b6o khoa hgc t6ng quan tt 6-15 trang
tap chi khoa hgc DHQGHN sau khi d6
tii
(b6o ctio ndy sE du-o. c ildng trdn
n6i
dung g6m c6c phin:
tluo. c nghiQm thu),
l. D4t v{n dd
Policlobiphenyl (PCBs) h mQt h6n hqp gdm 209 chdt dugc sir dsng trong dAu bi6n th6,
ddu thty lgc, ch6t d6o h6a, vd ch6t cho vdo muc in,... Anh hu&ng c6 hai cria PCBs iltin
ngudi vir dQng vft, chirng c6 khdL ndng gay ung thu, gay 6nh hu0ng d6n hQ thAn kinh, he
mi6n d!ch, h6 n6i ti6t, hQ sinh duc tr€n ngudi vd d6ng vft
[1]. pcBs ld ch6t r6t b€n vd kh6
phAn hriy bing cdc con duong sinh hoc vd h6a hoc. Khi phdn
huy pCBs kh6ng ilung quy
c6ch c6 th6 ldm phrit sinh ra c6c hqp chdt c6 d6c tinh cao hon, nhu
dioxin vd furan. Do cric
dac tinh n6u tr6n, PCBs rtd bi c6m sri drlng vd aan titin tdi lo4i
b6 chring kh6i cric v{t dung
theo quy dinh cta Nghi dinh Stockholm ndm 2001.
c6c phuong ph6p xir lli c6c hqp chat pcBs thudng ld ch6n 6p ho{c thi6u d5t
6 nhiet d6
caovbi2budngd6t,bu6ngd6tsoc6pT00"cvdbudngd6trhtc6ptrOnl000oc
[2,!.cac
phuong ph6p xri lj niy kh6ng an todn; ddc biet voi phuong ph6p thi€u d6t
ti6u thu nang
lugng l6n, c6 th6 tao thdnh c6c san ph6m thir c6p dQc hai. phuong phrip oxy h6a nhiOt
xric
t6c, vdi vi6c sir dung ciic oxit kim loai chuydn ti6p du-o. c c6c nhi khoa hoc lua
chon nghiOn
crru d6 ph0n hriy PCBs
nhim h4 th6p nhiQt dQ ph6n hty ch6t, vd han ch6 tao ra cac san ptrAm
dQc hai,... ' Do bentonit c6 nhidu *ng dung kh6c nhau
t4, 5, 6, j\, n6n c6c nhd khoa hoc d6
nghi€n cr?u kilt hqp bentonit v6i m6t s6 loai v6t IiQu d6 t4o ra circ ch6t xtc t6c kh6c
nhau.
Bentonit kot hqp vdi c6c oxit kim loai c6 th6 sir dung d6 phan huy pcBs
[g]. cric oxit kim
lo4i thuong ding trong c6c nghidn cuu tr6n ld CuO, NiO, Cr2O3, Ce2O3, TiO2,...
[g, 9, 10].
2. Mgc tiOu
- Nghi6n cuu tim ki6m xric tric d6 phan huy policlobiphenyl 6 nhiot d6
thAp trong khodng
500-600oc, han chc hinh thanh va phat rhai chdt 6 nhiarpthir c6p vdo m6i trudng.
- DO xu6t m6 hinh d6 phan hiry policlobiphenyl d nhier dO th6p.
3. Phuong
fhip
nghiOn crtu
- Phuong phdp chd uo vdt ri€u xtic tdc; Bentonit Di Linh bi6n finh bnng dung dich
NaHCo3 3% (BA) ttuo. c dimg trao d6i ion voi Ni2*, cu2*, cr3* vdL ce3* di! tao ra cilc
v6t li6u
xirc t6c khric nhau (XT).
Tao vat li6u xric tdc: Nh6m xirc t6c thu nhat voi 3 thdnh phan cr2o3-cuo-ceo2
c6 ti
lQ trong luqng c6c ion kim loai kh6c nhau; ti 16 ciic ion Cr3*, Cu2* vd
Ce4* ld 1:l:0,5;
1:1:l
vd 1:1:1,5. Luong ion trao d6i hap phu tr6n BA theo c6c ti 16 sau: 4 mg m6i ion
cr3o, cu2*
vd2 mg cea* tr6n 39 BA (XT1); 4 mg mdi ion Cr3*, Cu2*, Ce4* tr€n 39 BA (XT2);4 mg
m6i ion cr3*, cu2* vir 6 mg cea* trcn 39 BA (xr3).
Nh6m xric t6c thri hai v6i m6t thnnh phAn ceo2 c6 trong lucrng ion kim loai cea*
kh6c nhau ld 6; 10 vi 14 mg. Lubng ion ndy duoc trao d6i hap phu trOn 39 BA
duoc cric xric
tac tuong rmg h XT4, XT5 vi XT6. .
Nh6m xric tric thri ba v6i 3 thanr phAn Nio-cuo-ceo2 c6 ti lc trong luong c6c ion
kim loai khiic nhau; ti 16 c6c ion Ni2*, cu2t vd cea* trong xic t6c ld 1:l:0,5; 1:i:1,5 vd l:1:1.
Luong ion trao d6i h6p phir tr6n BA theo cdc ti l0 sau: 4 mg m6i ion Ni2r, cu2* vd 2 mg cea*
(i16 1:1:0,5)tr6n39BA(XT7);amgm6iion Ni2*,Cu2*vd6mgCe1-1ti
19
l:l:1,5)tr6n
2
39 BA (XT8);
2,4vd6
mg m6i ion Ni2*, Cu2*, Ce4* (ti lC 1:1:1) tr6n 39 BA (tuong rmg ld
XT9-1, XT9-2 vd XT9-3).
Dinh luqng c6c ion kim lo4i trong dung dlch trudc vd sau trao d6i bing phuong ph6p
kich hopt hqt ph6t x4 tia X. CAc vat liQu
drinh gi6 b6ng ph6 nhi6u xa tia X.
du-o. c
li6u sr) dltng di pfu)n hily PCBs: Tro than bay ttd bitin
tinh kiAm c6 hdm lucrng SiO2, A12O3 vd cacbon tuong img lil 55,8,24,5 vd 18,4 % du-o.c
dung ph6i trQn v6i BA theo ti le tuong img ld 3:7 d€ tao ra vat liQu st dtmg hdLp phu PCBs
(BD. LAy 29 dau biOn th6 c6 chria PCBs ndng dQ 418 ppm pha lodng bing n-hexan thdnh
- Phreong phdp tqo hdn hqp vdt
20 mL. Dung dich dugc sir dgng d6 tAm l6n h6n hqp BT;
6y
1, 2 vd 3
mL dung dich ndy -
tuong ung v6i 41,8, 83,6 vir 125,4 pg PCBs t6m l6n 39 h6n hqp BT d6 tao thdnh h6n hqp
x'
.
MAu rluo. c d6 kh6 tg nhien trong thdi gian 3 ngdy.
ngnlen cuu rmg vor mol toar' XT.
"
r
- Phuong phdp phdn ht)y nhiQt xtic tdc PCBs: Tr6n co sd c6c ktit quA nghiOn cuu
phin hriy PCBs dd c6ng b6, trong nghi6n ciru ndy chqn ctiAu kiQn thi nghiQm nhu sau: hQ
thii5t bi nghi€n cfu nhu n6u trong cric tdi liqul 6ng ddng phan ring bing th6p kh6ng ri ddi 50
cm, dulng kinh trong 2,5 cm duoc ntrdi v4t liQu theo thr? tg sau: b6ng thriy tinh, 3 gam BT
c6 tarn PCBs, 39 XT c6lhodc kh6ng c6 CaO, 3 gam BT trQn/ho4c kh6ng trQn v6i 2,0 gCaO,
b6ng thiry tinh. Cho ddng kh6ng khi ndn di qua hQ thitit bi vcri t6c dQ 1 ml,/phrit trong vdng
15 phrit d6 au6i trtlt c6c chAt vd c6c khi chria trong v4t'1i0u tru6c khi titin hdnh phdn
hiy
tri nhiQt d6
chon nghi€n cuu phAn hiry nhiQt xuc tAc ild,i vdi PCBs n6u
chAt; nAng nhiQt d0 ld d6n nhiet dO lua chgn nghi6n criu trong vdng 30 phut; duy
ney trong 2 gid.
trong b6ng
Nhift d6 1ua
1
Bdng 1. Nhipt
dOn
400, 450, 500, sso, 600
XT9
Khi tho6t ra tir qu6 trinh
nhiQt phAn
tich sin phAm khi thu duqc tron h0 sic
diOn
phdn hrty nhiet xfic tdc PCBI
NhiQt d0 nghiOn cuu phdn hriy PCBs ("C)
Xric t6c
XTl
ilQ
ki
xtc t6c PCBs duo. c h6p phu vdo n-hexan; phdn
kh6i ph6 (GC/MS) vd sic ky khi detecto cong k6t
tit (GC/ECD).
- Phuong phdp'xac dink thdnh phdn
nhiQt xuc tdc PCBs vd PCBs cdn
lqi tAn
x
sirn phdm khi sinh
ra
ti
qua trinh phdn huy
c tac; Sin phAm khi sinh ra khi phdn hiry nhiQt
xric t6c PCBs vd lunng PCBs con l4i tr€n ciic xric tdc XT du-o. c phin tich ren GC/ECD vd
GCA,{S. Thi6t bi phdn tich sin phAm h hQ sic ki kh6i ph6 Simadzu 2100 cira Nhdt BAn vd
Agilent 6890 cria'M! (GCA4S) vd sEc hi khi detecto cQng k6t diQn tu HP5890 cira M!
(GC/ECD) voi cQt mao quin HP5, kich thu6c 30 mm x 0,25 mm x 0,25 pm. Chuong trinh
nhiet dO cot dung d6 phdn tich sin phAm khi
2600C,
D
h
500C, 10 phirt, 50c/phrit, 1200C, 150c/ph[t,
phrit. Chuong trinh nhiQt d0 cot dung d6 phan tich PCBs la 700C, 2 phnt,
15oc/phrir, 1200c, 5oc/phft,
2600 c, 19
phirt.
- Phuong ph6p phdn tich: Phdn tich dinh lucrng c6c ion kim lo4i trong dung dlch
tru6c vd sau trao d6i bing phucrng ph6p kich thich h4t ph6t x4 tia X (PIXE) tr6n hQ m6y gia
tric Tandem pelleton 5sDH-2, M!. C6c vat tOu XT vi BA dugc phdn tich cAu tnic bnng k!
thuQt khir theo chucrng trinh nhiet dO TPR vd nhi6u xa k6 tia X D5005 ctra hdng Bruker
(Drlc).
4. T6ng t<6t t
r cps 1Qc ug4 qcts rupy conp tgr-qc r{rip
ugqd .sgJd iglqu ,(qrq ugqd rq1 neg
nlrl g,r
luexeq-u Supq lelqc cdl cbnp cgt c4x
.qulur
eqlc cgt ,lx r{ul} uOIq
?qt ?s ,(-Bu llxo cgc
,*er3 ,rzn3 .*zlN uor cgc;q1
gp cnl 'zoef, 'eOz:O 'OnJ'OIN qupq] ug,(nqc
Bugp Buorl
*re3
'uoq ouc cpoq Co00, ugl sg)il ,(grq ugqd 9p loll{u Bugu H)
xo elc
SuQp c9r Ignp
+ Hieu suAt phdn hriy 41,8 pg PCBs thay d6i theo nhiQt dO va ti l9 thdnh phAn Ceo2
trong
hQ
xirc t6c Cr2O3-CuO-CeO2 vd CeO2
du-o.
c chi ra trong bing 2.
Bdng 2. HiQu suiit phdn hfiy PCBs 6 cric ttiiu kipn khtic nhau
Nhict d0
ph6n hriy
Hi6u suAt xu l,i PCBs
H6 xric tric
HQ xric t6c
HQ xric t6c
H6 xric t6c
HQ xric tric
fc)
xT1
XT2
xT3
xT4
400
450
500
5s0
600
88,42
90,42
95,58
98,41
98.85
90,56
93,13
96,51
97,35
85,32
85,68
oo 7,
86"85
86,48
86,83
99,78
88.58
88,77
93,5 8
96,27
99,28
99,56
86,3 8
H6 xric t6c
xT5
XT6
8s,s4
85,67
85.75
85.90
86,78
86,88
88,78
Dga vdo bAng 2 nhQn th6y, hiQu suat phan hty PCBs tdng khi tdng nhi6t
.
- Cdc iin phiim khoa hoc ftdi bdo, bdo ciro KH, sdch chuy€n khdo ...) chi ductc chiio nhdn niu
c6 ghi nh$n dla chi vd cdm on fii tq cia DHQGHN theo &ing quy dinh.
A.ay tlA
f f,a1t vay cdc iin phdm nay phdi daa.vdo ph4 luc cdc minh chimg c a bdo cdo.
Krcng s(rcn cnuyen Knao can co bAn-phd t6 bia, trang diu vii trang cudi c6 ghi thdng tin md sii xuiit
CQt sdn phdm khoa hec cdng nghQ:
bdn.
3.3. K5t
TT
qui dio t?o
Thtri gian vd kinh phi
tham gia d€ tii
Ho vh t6n
Cdng
trinh c6ng b6 li6n quan
(Sdn phdm
Nshi2n cbu sinh
Nghi6m XuAn
Trudns
Hoc viAn cao hoc
I
Nguy6n Trung
Thinh
2
Ng6 Thi Minh
Hi6n
Nguy6n Thi
3
H6 trg kinh phi
-
6 thring/l 7.800.000 d6ng
6 th6ng/23.500.000 tl6ng
6
thing/l 8.500.000 tl6ng
KHCN, luQn dn,
Dfl bio
vQ
ludn vdn)
rso thdns/so ti?n)
Bii
Dd bdo
vQ
- Bdi brio, Luin vdn
Dd bno
vQ
- Bdi b6o, LuQn vdn
Dd bdo
vQ
Dd bio
vQ
brio, LuQn 6n
-Lufln
v[n
DuyCn
Sinh viAn
I
Neuv0n Thi Vdn
3 thane /.2.000.000 d6ne
-Kh6a lu6n
Bio
vO 2013
Ghi chri: EC tai deng kli ttdo t4o 01 sinh vi6n nhiQm vq chi6n lugc; vi s5 sinh vi6n thu6c nhiem vu
chilin tu. c it, nen cht tri
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