Tài liệu [NEW + HAY] Tài liệu ôn tập thi thpt quốc gia môn tiếng anh năm 2018 (tiếng anh 11 và 12)

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TUYÊN QUANG TÀI LIỆU ÔN TẬP THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2018 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ) Nhằm nâng cao chất lượng công tác ôn tập cho học sinh dự thi kỳ thi THPT quốc gia năm 2018 và các năm tiếp theo, Sở GDĐT đã tổ chức hội thảo xây dựng chương trình và tài liệu ôn tập dành cho giáo viên và học sinh lớp 12. Để đảm bảo hiệu quả công tác ôn tập, cán bộ quản lý, giáo viên và học sinh cần lưu ý một số nội dung sau: 1. Đối với cán bộ quản lý - Tổ chức rà soát chất lượng thực của học sinh lớp 12 để phân loại đối tượng học sinh theo trình độ nhận thức, bàn giao chất lượng cho giáo viên phụ trách, chỉ đạo tổ/nhóm bộ môn và giáo viên trực tiếp ôn tập xây dựng xây dựng chương trình và nội dung dạy học phù hợp với từng đối tượng, phối hợp với cha mẹ học sinh tổ chức tốt công tác ôn tập. - Xem xét và phê duyệt kế hoạch, nội dung giảng dạy của bộ môn trên cơ sở đề xuất của tổ/nhóm chuyên môn. - Quản lý chặt chẽ công tác dạy ôn tập của giáo viên và học sinh: hồ sơ sổ sách, kế hoạch dạy ôn tập của nhà trường, nội dung, chương trình ôn tập, bài soạn của giáo viên (có phê duyệt của tổ trưởng/trưởng nhóm bộ môn theo từng chuyên đề), tài liệu ôn tập của học sinh, tỷ lệ chuyên cần của học sinh, công tác thu chi và việc thực hiện kế hoạch ôn tập đã đề ra. - Sắp xếp thời khóa biểu đảm bảo hợp lý, không gây quá tải đối với học sinh. - Chỉ đạo tổ/nhóm chuyên môn và giáo viên trực tiếp ôn tập thường xuyên kiểm tra sự tiến bộ của học sinh sau mỗi nội dung hoặc chuyên đề. Việc ra đề kiểm tra đánh giá sự tiến bộ của học sinh phải được thực hiện theo nguyên tắc giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy không ra đề và chấm bài của học sinh mình giảng dạy. Căn cứ kết quả khảo sát, hiệu trưởng tư vấn, đề nghị giáo viên kịp thời điều chỉnh PPDH, nội dung giảng dạy cho phù hợp, cùng giáo viên tháo gỡ khó khăn nảy sinh trong quá trình ôn tập. - Khuyến khích các trường định kỳ tổ chức lấy ý kiến của học sinh đối với các giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy, nội dung, chương trình, tài liệu ôn tập, PPDH, … để kịp thời có các điều chỉnh cần thiết, đảm bảo hiệu quả ôn tập. - Triển khai tài liệu ôn tập do tổ/nhóm bộ môn xây dựng dựa trên tài liệu này đến 100% học sinh lớp 12; khuyến khích gửi hoặc copy bản mềm (file) cho học sinh. 2. Đối với giáo viên - Căn cứ kết quả khảo sát chất lượng của học sinh, cùng tổ/nhóm bộ môn xây dựng khung chương trình, nội dung ôn tập chi tiết (bao gồm thời lượng, nội dung, tài liệu ôn tập) phù hợp với từng nhóm đối tượng học sinh, trình hiệu trưởng phê duyệt. Chỉ nên lựa chọn các nội dung cần thiết để ôn tập, bổ sung thêm kiến thức cho học sinh; các nội dung học sinh có thể tự học thì hướng dẫn học sinh tự đọc và tham khảo tài liệu. - Tổ chức ôn tập theo đúng nội dung, chương trình đã xây dựng và được hiệu trưởng phê duyệt. - Trước khi lên lớp phải có bài soạn. Bài soạn phải thể hiện rõ các nội dung: yêu cầu cần đạt về chuẩn kiến thức, kỹ năng; phương pháp dạy học (tiến trình lên lớp của giáo viên và hình thức tổ chức hoạt động học của học sinh; dự kiến chia nội dung của từng chuyên đề theo từng tiết dạy trong đó có nội dung dạy trên lớp, có nội dung giao cho học sinh làm ở nhà; bài soạn có thể soạn theo từng chủ đề hoặc theo từng buổi dạy hoặc theo từng tiết học. - Thường xuyên trao đổi, học tập kinh nghiệm của đồng nghiệp trong và ngoài nhà trường để nâng cao năng lực chuyên môn và kinh nghiệm trong công tác ôn tập học sinh dự thi THPT quốc gia. 1 - Phô tô nội dung, tài liệu ôn tập đến 100% học sinh tham gia ôn tập, khuyến khích các học sinh không tham gia ôn tập phô tô tài liệu để tham khảo và tự học (Không phô tô đáp án). - Ngoài ra, giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy cần tích cực tư vấn cho học sinh trong việc chọn môn thi tự chọn, lựa chọn cụm thi tại các trường cao đẳng, đại học hay cụm thi tại địa phương đảm bào phù hợp với năng lực thực của học sinh. 3. Về phương pháp giảng dạy - Giáo viên phải sử dụng PPDH phù hợp với từng đối tượng học sinh, sử dụng linh hoạt các kỹ thuật dạy học và hình thức tổ chức các hoạt động học của học sinh tránh nhàm chán, nặng nề về tâm lý cho học sinh. Cần có các biện pháp động viên, khích lệ sự cố gắng và tiến bộ của học sinh. - Đối với kỹ năng đọc hiểu (Reading comprehension): Không dạy thành chuyên đề riêng mà phải được dạy xen kẽ vào các chuyên đề khác trong suốt quá trình ôn tập theo phương châm giáo viên giao bài cho học sinh làm trước ở nhà (1 bài/tuần), sau đó chữa bài trên lớp, hướng dẫn học sinh các thủ thuật đọc từng loại bài, giải thích cách làm, đáp án, … Kỹ năng đọc cũng được thực hiện trong các giờ dạy chính khóa. Ngoài việc giải thích đáp án, cách làm bài, giáo viên cần khai thác các cấu trúc thông thường (common structures) trong các bài đọc hiểu. - Giáo viên giao bài tập về nhà cụ thể cho học sinh, đồng thời yêu cầu học sinh đọc trước tài liệu của buổi học tiếp theo; chỉ giải thích các vấn đề trọng tâm hoặc các nội dung mà học sinh chưa hiểu rõ. Giáo viên không nên cung cấp đáp án cho học sinh khi giao bài tập về nhà hoặc in đáp án vào tài liệu dành cho học sinh. 4. Về việc sử dụng đồ dùng, thiết bị dạy học Ngoài giáo án ôn tập, giáo viên nên sử dụng các đồ dùng, thiết bị dạy học phù hợp với từng kiểu bài như: máy chiếu đa năng (projector), máy chiếu ghi vật thể (object presenter), bảng phụ, phiếu học tập, … để hạn chế thời gian ghi bảng, tiết kiệm thời gian cho các nội dung chính của bài học và tăng thời lượng luyện tập của học sinh. Hạn chế tối đa tình trạng lên lớp không sử dụng đồ dùng, TBDH. 5. Đối với học sinh - Tích cực tự học tập, tự nghiên cứu tài liệu trên cơ sở định hướng của giáo viên. - Trên cơ sở tư vấn của các giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy và năng lực của mình, lựa chọn môn thi tự chọn, lựa chọn cụm thi tại các trường đại học hoặc cụm thi tại địa phương cho phù hợp. - Bố trí thời gian học tập hợp lý có tập trung đối với các môn thi THPT quốc gia. - Phương châm ôn tập là tự học tập, nghiên cứu là chính. Học sinh phải xem trước bài học trước khi đến lớp theo yêu cầu của giáo viên. 2 KHUNG PHÂN PHỐI CHƯƠNG TRÌNH ÔN TẬP MÔN TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 12 TT Nội dung Số tiết Trang 1 Tenses 6 4 2 Subject-verb agreement 3 20 3 Comparison 3 36 4 Passive voice 3 47 5 Cleft sentences 2 58 6 Modal verbs 2 68 7 Infinitives and gerunds 3 77 8 Conjunctions 3 87 9 Transitives and Intransitives 1 93 10 Conditional sentences 3 96 11 Relative clauses 3 104 12 Inversion 2 126 13 Adverbial clauses 3 137 14 Reported speech 3 147 15 Prepositions and articles 3 155 16 Collocations 3 179 17 Tag questions 1 183 18 Phrasal verbs 3 188 19 Pronunciation: Vowels, consnants and stress 6 195 20 Synonyms and Antonyms 3 207 21 Vocabulary and structures related to Education 2 212 22 Vocabulary and structures related to Environment 2 216 23 Vocabulary and structures related to Jobs, hobbies 2 221 24 Vocabulary and structures related to You and me 2 226 25 Vocabulary and structures related to Sports 2 231 26 Vocabulary and structures related to Recreation 2 236 27 Vocabulary and structures related to the topic Community 2 247 28 Vocabulary and structures related to People and Places 2 254 29 Cloze tests 8 261 30 Reading comprehension 20 278 31 Practice tests 2 Tổng 105 3 1. TENSES Period 1: The Present Simple Tense & The Present Continuous Tense A. PRESENTATION 1. The Present Simple Tense. + “TO BE” * Formation Eg. I am a student. She isn’t a teacher. Are they workers? – Yes, they are. Where is Lan? – She is in the kitchen. (+) S + am/is/are ............. (-) S + am/is/are + not ............. (?) – Yes/No question: Am/Is/Are+ S ..................? - Wh- question: Wh- + am/is/are + S? + ORDINARY VERBS Eg. (+) They live in Tuyen Quang. (-) They don’t live in Ha Giang. (?) Do they live in Tuyen Quang? – Yes, they do. (+) He works in Hanoi. (-) He doesn’t work in Tuyen Quang. (?) Does he work in Hanoi? – Yes, he does. * Wh-questions: (?) Where do they live? – They live in Tuyen Quang. (+) S (I, We, You, They) + V (infinitive without “to”) S (He, She, It) + V (s/es) (-) S (I, We, You, They) + do not (don’t ) + V(infinitive without “to”) S (He, She, It) + does not (doesn’t) + V(infinitive without “to”) (?) Do + I/we/you/they + V(infinitive without “to”) ? Does + he/she/it + V(infinitive without “to”) ? * Wh- + do/does + S + V(infinitive without “to”) ? (Chú ý: Khi từ để hỏi là chủ ngữ thì không áp dụng cấu trúc này mà trật tự từ trong câu ở dạng khẳng định) Eg. Who does it? What makes you sad? * Đối với các chủ ngữ là các đại từ nhân xưng I, We, You, They và các danh từ số nhiều thì động từ chia ở dạng nguyên thể không “to”: Eg. They often play volleyball in the afternoon. * Nếu chủ ngữ ở dạng số ít (He, she, it) thì thêm “s” hoặc “es” vào sau động từ: - Cách thêm ‘s, es’ : + Thông thường ta thêm "s" vào sau động từ: works, likes, loves, wants, ... + Thêm “es” vào sau động từ tận cùng là "ss, x, z, ch, sh, o": misses, kisses, passes, relaxes, boxes, buzzes, teaches, approaches, finishes, washes, goes, does ... + Động từ tận cùng là phụ âm + "y", chuyển thành ‘i+es’: cry cries, fly flies, study studies, ... 4 + Động từ tận cùng là nguyên âm + "y" thì vẫn tuân theo quy tắc thêm “s” thông thường: play plays, say says, pray prays ... + Số ít của “have” là “has”. * Use: - Diễn tả một chân lí, một sự kiện khoa học hay một hiện tượng tự nhiên. Ex : Water boils at 100oC. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. - Diễn tả một phong tục, thói quen ở hiện tại, thường có các trạng từ: always, often, usually, sometimes, occasionally, never, generally, forever, rarely, every day/ year/ once/ three times a week/a month, . .. Ex: We always go to school at 6 a.m. He often gets up at 5.30. - Một tình huống, công việc lâu dài, hoặc một chương trình, thời khóa biểu, lịch tàu xe... Ex: I’m a teacher. He works in a bank. The train to Ho Chi Minh City leaves at 5.30 am. There is a football match at 9 p.m on TV tonight. More examples: + She usually(go)...............to school by bus + John and Ann always(watch)...................TV after dinner 2. The Present Continuous Tense * FORM Eg. (+) I am reading an English book. (-) She is not cooking in the kitchen at the moment. (?) Are they playing handball with their friends now? * Wh-questions: Why is she crying? (+) S + am/is/are + V-ing. (-) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing (?) Am/Is/Are+ S + V-ing? Wh-questions: Wh- + am/is/are + S + V-ing? (Chú ý: Khi từ để hỏi là chủ ngữ thì không áp dụng cấu trúc này mà trật tự từ trong câu ở dạng khẳng định. Eg. Who is talking in the room?) a) Cách thêm đuôi "-ing": Thông thường, ta thêm "-ing" vào sau động từ, tuy nhiên : + Động từ tận cùng là "e", bỏ ‘‘e’’ rồi thêm ‘‘-ing’’: live living, drive driving, ... + Động từ tận cùng là "ie", chuyển thành ‘‘y + ing’’: die dying, lie lying, ... + Động từ 1 âm tiết hoặc 2 âm tiết mà trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 kết thúc bằng MỘT nguyên âm và MỘT phụ âm thì nhân đôi phụ âm cuối trước khi thêm "-ing" (ngoại trừ động từ kết thúc bằng "w", "x") Stop stopping, cut cutting, sit sitting, swim swimming, ... Begin beginning, ... But cook cooking, teach teaching, grow growing, fix fixing ... * USE - Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói hoặc xung quanh thời điểm nói, thường dùng với : now, right now, at the moment, at present, ... E.g: Tom is having dinner at the moment. What are you doing now? Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 5 Listen! Someone is crying somewhere. - Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai có kế hoạch trước: E.g: George is leaving for New York tomorrow. What are you doing tonight? - Diễn tả hành động thường xuyên lặp đi lặp lại gây sự bực mình hay khó chịu cho người nói. Cách dùng này được dùng với trạng từ “always, continually” E.g. He is always losing his keys (Anh ấy cứ hay đánh mất chìa khóa) Notes: Không sử dụng dạng tiếp diễn (V_ing) với các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác hoặc sự sở hữu như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, feel, smell, remember, forget, …. Với các động từ này, ta dùng thì hiện tại đơn giản. E.g: I’m tired . (Tôi đang mệt) B. PRACTICE. Exercise 1: Choose the best answers 1. He often ______ up late. A. get up B. gets up C. got up D. getting up 2. ______ you often ______ TV? A. Do/watch B. Do/watches C. Have/watch D. Does/watches 3. Mr. Brown ______English. A. speak B. speaks C. does speak D. spoke 4. I usually ______ shopping on weekend. A. goes B. does go C. go D. went 5. Hai often ______ his face at 6.15. A. washes B. washing C. does wash D. Wash 6. Thanh and Mai always ______ a movie on Saturdays. A. see B. sees C. do see D. does 7. ______he often ______ a bus to school? A. Do/take B. Is/take C. Does/takes D. Does/take 8. We ______ students in class 8A. A. are B. is C. do D. eat 9. She ______ homework in the evenings. A. do not B. does not do C. doing D. do 10. He usually ______ a taxi to the railway station A. takes B. take C. taking D. does take 11. Look! A man ______you. A. calls B. call C. is calling D. are calling 12. Keep silent! I ______to the radio. A. am listening B. listen C. is listening D. listens 13. At the moment, I ______a book and my brother ______ TV. A. read/watch B. am reading/is watching C. reading/watching D. is reading/are watching 14. At the moment, Nam and his friends ______shopping at the mall. A. is going B. goes C. are going D. go 15. Oh no! Look! It ______ again. It always ______ in this country. A. snow/snow B. snows/snows C. snowing/snowing D. is snowing/snows C. HOMEWORK 6 * Choose the best answers 1. My and I always ______ to the countryside by bus. A. went B. goes C. do go D. go 2. Our teacher usually ______ us many exercises. A. give B. giving C. gives D. does give 3. He often ______ a train to work. A. catches B. catch C. don’t catch D. catching 4. The sun ______in the East. A. rise B. rises C. raise D. does rise 5. My old friend, Manh …………………… to me twice a month. A. phone B. phones C. phoned D. do phone 6. What she says …………………… true. A. is B. are C. do D. does 7. The weather generally ……………. quite hot in July and August. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting 8. Michael………….. thirsty eight hours a week. A. worked B. work C. works D. working 9. Peter usually ………lunch at school. A. have B. has C. had D. having 10. They often ……………………their parents on every Saturday. A. visit B. visits C. does not visit D. visiting 11. I …….. with my parents but right now I ………. with some friends for a few days. A. live/stay B. living/staying C. am living/stay D. live/am staying 12. Look! That boy ……….. after the bus. He …………. to catch it. A. is running/wants B. run/want C. running/wanting D. runs/wants 13. What are you doing next Saturday? Nothing special. I ………… at home. A. staying B. am staying C. stay D. stayed 14. Where's John? He …………….. to a new CD in his room. A. listens B. listen C. listening D. is listening 15. Jean has been working hard all day but she ………… at the moment. A. isn’t working B. not working C. doesn’t work D. aren’t working The Present perfect Tense & The Present Perfect Continuous Tense. A. PRESENTATION 1. The Present perfect Tense. * Form: Examples: (+) Nam has lived in Hanoi for 10 years. (-) I have not found my door keys yet. (?) Have you ever met him before? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. (?) What have you just done? (+) S + have/has + V(past participle) (-) S + have not (haven’t)/has not (hasn’t)+ V(past participle). (?) Have/Has + S + V(past participle)? * Wh- + have/has + S + V(past participle)? 7 (I/We/You/They + have … ; He/She/It + has …) * USE: + The Present Perfect Tense is used to express an action happening in the past and still continuing at the present time (often used with since and for). Eg: We have lived in this city for 10 years. She has worked in that company since 2000. + The Present Perfect Tense is used to express past actions whose time is not definite. Eg: I have read the instructions but I don’t understand them. He has gone away. + The Present Perfect Tense is used to express an action happening in an incomplete period. Eg: It has been cold this winter. Have you seen him today? + The Present Perfect Tense is used to express a past experience. Eg: I have been to Ho Chi Minh City several times. He has done this job before. + The Present Perfect Tense is used to express an action which will be completed in the future. Eg: I will go when I have finished my homework. He will phone you as soon as he has finished his work. + The Present Perfect Tense is used with just for a recently completed action. Eg: I have just bought a dictionary. + The Present Perfect Tense is used with “not ……. yet” Eg: I have not written to him yet + The Present Perfect Tense is used with “It is the first time/the second time….” Eg: It is the first time that he has been to Tuyen Quang. + The Present Perfect Tense is used with the following adverbs: never, ever, recently, lately, already, up to now, so far, for a long time, for ages, for the past few months/years… 2. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense. * Form: Examples: (+) Nam has been living in Hanoi for 10 years. (-) I have not been finding my door keys yet. (?) Have you been cooking? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. (?) What have you been doing ? (+) S + have/has + been + V-ing... (-) S + have not (haven’t)/has not (hasn’t)+ been + V-ing. (?) Have/Has + S + been + V-ing? * Wh- + have/has + S + been+ V-ing? (I/We/You/They + have … ; He/She/It + has …) * USE: Thì này diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và kéo dài liên tục đến hiện tại. Notes: Không dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn để nói những tình huống tồn tại 1 thời gian dài nhất là khi có always. Eg: Alice has always worked hard. (Không dùng has always been working hard) 8 Không dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn với các động từ được liệt kê ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn(các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác). Eg: How long have Bob and Alice been married? (Không dùng have Bob and Alice been being married) Các từ hay đi kèm là: * Since: + Mốc thời gian * For: + khoảng thời gian Eg: I have been studying French for five years. B. PRACTICE Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. 1. My mother _______ (teach) at Tan Trao High School since 1990. 2. He already _______ (be) in Ho Chi Minh City twice. 3. All the students in our class ________ (study) harder recently. 4. It is the second time we ________ (visit) Ho Chi Minh’s Mausoleum. 5. ________ you _________ (feed) the cat yet? No, I _________ (not do) it. 6. English _________ (be) popular all over the world for a very long time. 7. She ________ (earn) her living since she graduated from university. 8. What they just ___________ (do)? 9. We ________ (not finish) our homework yet. 10. It _________ (rain) a lot this summer. C. HOMEWORK Exercise : Hoàn thành các đoạn hội thoại sau bằng cách chia các động từ. Tom: Hi Ana. I (try) ___1___ to ring you several times today. Where (you / be) _____2______? Ana: I (be) ___3_____ at home all the time. But I (clean) ______4_____ the house all day, so maybe I didn't hear the phone ring. Tom: (you/ clean) ____5________ everything now? Ana: No, not yet. I (tidy/ not) _____6_____ up the kitchen yet. But why are you here? Tom: Don't you remember? Jane (invited) ____7______ us to her birthday party and we (buy/ not) _____8_____ a present for her yet. Ana: Oh, that's right. (you/ find out/ already)___9___ what she wants? Tom: Well, she (learn) _____10______ Spanish for a year and wants to spend her next holiday in Mexico. Maybe we could get her a guide book. Ana: That's a good idea. There is a good bookshop in the big shopping centre. I (see) ____11____ some nice books about Mexico there recently. THE SIMPLE PAST AND PAST CONTINUOUS TENSES A. PRESENTATION. 1. The Simple Past Tense * Form. + TO BE S + was/ were (not) + …. Was/Were + S + .............? Wh- + was/were + S + ......... ? (I, he, she, it + was; you, we, they + were) + ORDINARY VERBS S + Ved 9 S + did not (didn’t)+ V(infinitive) Did + S + V(infinitive”)? * USE: - Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ với thời gian xác định Eg: She went shopping with me yesterday afternoon. Lan wrote a long letter to her sister last night. - Diễn tả một thói quen hay một công việc lâu dài trong quá khứ: used to + V-infinitive Eg: They used to play on the swings when they were children. When I was a student, I always went to the library to borrow books. - Các trạng từ thường dùng: ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/month/year/Christmas, in 1995, ... 2. The Past Continuous Tense * Form: S + was/were + V- ing S+ was/ were + not + V-ing Was/Were + S + V-ing? * USE. - Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra ở một thời điểm hay cả một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ, thường dùng với at 7.00 pm yesterday, at this time last night, ... Eg: I was watching a football match on T.V at 8 o'clock last night. - Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn trong quá khứ (QKTD) thì một hành động khác xen vào/cắt ngang (quá khứ đơn) Eg: I was having dinner when he came. - Diễn tả hai hoặc nhiều hành động xảy ra đồng thời tại cùng một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. Eg: At 8p.m yesterday, Mary was watching TV while Tom was reading a newspaper. B. PRACTICE. Choose the best option by circling A, B, C or D. 1. I ______ my old school teacher last week. A. visited B. visit C. am visiting D. have visited 2. A burglar _________ into the house while we __________ television. A. broke/ were watching B. broke/ watched C. had broken/ watched D. broke/ had watched 3. I ______ all of my homework last night. A. finish B. will finish C. have finished D. finished 4. In the 19th century, it _______ two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. A. took B. had taken C. had taken D. was taking 5. When Carol _______ last night, I ______ my favorite show on television. A. was calling / watched C. called / have watched B. called / was watching D. had called / watched 6. When I _______ home last night, I _______ that Jane _______ a beautiful candlelight dinner. A. had arrived / discovered / prepared B. was arriving / had discovered / was preparing C. have arrived / was discovering / had prepared D. arrived / discovered / was preparing 10 7. Sam _______ to change a light bulb when he _______ and _______. A. was trying / slipped / fell C. tried / was slipping / falling B. had been trying / slipped D / was falling d. has tried / slips / falls 8. I _______ you last night after dinner, but you _______ there. Where _______ you? A. was calling / are not / are C. called / were not / were B. had called / had not been / were D. called / have not been / are 9. The Titanic _______ the Atlantic when it _______ an iceberg. A. was crossing / struck C. had crossed / was striking B. crossed / had struck D. is crossing / strikes 10. The number of the participants in the survey _______ 250 students for Oxford University. A. are B. was C. were D. have been 11. I _______ a terrible accident while I _______ on the beach. A. see / am walking C. saw / was walking B. was seeing / walked D. have seen / were walking 12. What _______ when the fire alarm _______ off? A. are you doing / will go C. have you done / would go B. were you doing / went D. will you do / are going 13. They ______ enthusiastically when their teacher ______ in. A. discuss / comes C. will have discussed / comes B. will discuss / will come D. were discussing / came 14. I have not met her for three years. A. The last time I met her was three years ago. B. It is three years when I will meet her. C. I did not meet her three years ago. D. During three years, I met her once. 15. He last visited London three years ago. A. He has been in London for three years. B. He hasn't visited London for three years. C. He didn't visit London three years ago. D. He was in London for three years. C. HOMEWORK. Choose the best option by circling the letter A, B, C or D 1. I have not seen Tom for ages. A. It has been a long time since I last saw Tom. B. Tom and I do not look the same age. C. Tom and I are friends for a long time. D. I often met Tom ages ago. 2. I haven't met my grandparents for five years. A. I have met my grandparents for five years. B. I often met my grandparents five years ago. C. I didn't meet my grandparents five years ago. D. I last met my grandparents five years ago. 3. It is three years since I ______ her in Bangkok in 2013. A. last saw B. saw last C. had seen D. have seen 4. Lan ______ learning English a few years ago. A. starts B. will start C. started D. is starting 5. _______ Tom Cruise's last movie? Yes, I _______ it three days ago A. Have you ever seen / saw C. Did you ever see / have seen B. Had you ever seen / would see D. Will you ever see / saw 6. In the past, people _______ to the beach more often. A. have gone B. used to go C. were going D. had gone 7. Last week, we ______ an interesting film about the animal world. A. see B. saw C. are seeing D. will see 11 8. He__________his job last month and then he___________out of work. A. lost / was B. was lost / had been C. has lost / was D. lost / have been 9. The plane from Dallas ________ two hours late, so I missed my connecting flight from Frankfurt to London. A. takes off B. has taken off C. will take off D. took off 10. When we came, they _________ a meeting in the hall. A. are having B. were having C. have been having D. have had THE PAST PERFECT AND PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES A. PRESENTATION. 1. The Past Perfect Tense * FORMATION (+) S + had + V(past participle) (-) S + had not (hadn’t)+ V(past participle). (?) Had + S + V(past participle)? Examples: (+) By the end of 1999, Tom had lived in Hanoi for 5 years. (-) We had not done anything about it before the problem was solved. (?) Had you finished all the work before you left the office? * USE + Thì QKHT diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác trong quá khứ. E.g. He had worked in that company for 5 years before 1995. She had known the news before I told her about it. + Thì QKHT được sử dụng trong câu điều kiện loại 3 trong mệnh đề ĐK. E.g. If I had known that she was in hospital, I would have come to visit her. 2. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense * FORMATION: (+) S+ had + been + V_ing …. (-) S+ hadn’t+ been+ V-ing ….. (?) Had+S+been+V-ing …..? * USE Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trước 1 thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác trong quá khứ. E.g. They had been waiting 2 hours before they gave up. B. PRACTICE. Exercise 1. Choose the best option by circling A, B, C or D. 1. They _______ for 3 hours when the storm suddenly broke. A had been running C. have been running B. are running D. will be running 2. He was sorry that he _________ his identity. A. revealed B. had revealed C. has revealed D. reveals 3. Mary’s house …….before the firemen came. A. was burnt B. had been burnt C. have been burnt D. burnt 4. Yesterday, I _______ for work late because I _______ to set my alarm. 12 A. had left / forgot C. was leaving / was forgetting B. left / had forgot D. had been leaving / would forget 5. By the time we _______ to the train station, Susan _______ for us for more than two hours. A. will get / has been waiting C. got / was waiting B. got / had been waiting D. get / will wait 6. _______ in Rome than he _______. A. No sooner he had arrived / was being kidnapped B. No sooner had he arrived / was kidnapped C. Had he no sooner arrived / kidnapped D. No sooner was he arriving / had been kidnapped 7. He ______ email before, so I ______ him how to use it. A. did not use / had shown C. had not used / showed B. has not used / showed D. was not using / will show 8. Doctor Pike ______ the hospital after he ______ an uneventful evening on duty. He ______ of his day of rest. A. was leaving / has had / thought C. left / had had / was thinking B. will leave / had / will think D. is leaving / will have / thinks Exercise 2. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect or past perfect continuous) 1. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ________________ on the farm all day. 2. We were very hungry because we (not eat) __________________anything. 3. We (look for) ____________________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom. 4. They (wait) ______________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived. 5. I (not / see) _______________ Jacob for several years, but I recognised him immediately. C. HOMEWORK. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (past simple, past continuous, past perfect or past perfect continuous) 1. We (go) ______________to the cinema last week. 2. A bird pooed on the window that I (clean) __________________ only some minutes before. 3. Yesterday at nine he (sit) __________________ in front of his computer. 4. When their mum got home, the boys (watch) ______________________ TV for two hours. 5. He (want) ____________ to repair our washing machine that (break) ______________ a few days before. THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE, BE GOING TO AND BE V.ING A. PRESENTATION. 1. The Simple Future Tense * FORMATION: (+) S + will + V(infinitive) (-) S + will not (won’t) + V(infinitive) (?) Will + S + will + V(infinitive) ? (I và We có thể dùng với “shall”; will not = won’t, shall not = shan’t) * USE: + refer to the information about the future. 13 + express a request. + express a future action decided at the time of speaking. + make predictions about future events Notes: “Will” is usually used with the following adverbs: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week/......, soon, sooner or later,.. .and often used with: think, believe, expect, hope, be sure, be certain, possibly, probably, perhaps…… E.g: He will be 20 next week. I won’t go there tomorrow. Will you open the door? - Nam is in hospital. - Really? I will visit him. Tomorrow will be warm, with some cloud in the afternoon. 2. Be going to * FORMATION: (+) S + is/am/are + going to + V(infinitive) (-) S + is/am/are + not + going to + V(infinitive) (?) Is/Am/Are + S + going to + V(infinitive)? * USE: - Elicit the use of “be going to” from Ss. “Be going to” is used to express: + an action happening in the near future with present signs. + an intended action in the future: E.g: Look at the black clouds in the sky. It's going to rain. I am going to sell my house next week. 3. Be V-ing (The present continuous) * FORMATION: (+) S + am/is/are + V-ing. (-) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing (?) Am/Is/Are+ S + V-ing? * USE: - “Be + Ving” is used to refer to a planned action in the future. Eg. My parents have bought some air tickets. They are taking us to Ho Chi Minh city. B. PRACTICE. Choose the best option by circling A, B, C or D. 1. - There is someone knocking at the door. - …… A. I'll answer it B. let me open it C. I'm opening it D. I’m answering it 2. Why have you bought so much food? - I ………… for ten people. A. will cook B.am going to cook C. cooked D. have cooked 3. Look out! That tree………………………… A. is going to fall B. will fall C. falls D. will be falling 4. Why are you so sad? I think …………. the exam next week. A. I would fail B. I will fail C. I failed D. I fail 5. Let me know as soon as Mary …. here. 14 A. will get B.is going to get C. gets D.is getting 6. John ……….back until ten o’clock. Can I take the message? A. is going to be B. will be C.is D. won’t be. 7. Great news! Jean and Chris …………… to stay with us. A. will come B. are coming C. would come D. were coming 8. Don’t worry. I’m sure your son … the exam. A. will pass B. won’t pass C.is passing D. passed 9. The doctor says I …. a baby. A. will have B. would have C.am going to have D. will be having 10…….. successful in The Beauty Contest. A. I don’t think she is B. I think she is not going to be C. I don't think she will be D. I don’t think she won’t be C. HOMEWORK. Exercise 1: Find the mistake in the following sentences 1. We are probably going to go to Scotland this summer. A B C D 2. Do you think Mary is going to get the job? A B C D 3. What do we do tomorrow morning, Lan? - I haven’t decided yet. A B C D 4. Look at the black clouds! It will rain soon. A B C D 5. I’ve got two tickets. We will watch the football match tonight. A B C D Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms. 1. Why do you want all the furniture out of the room? Because I (shampoo) ____________ the carpet. It’s impossible to do it unless you take everything off it first. 2. Do you have to carry so much stuff on your back? Yes, we do. We (camp) ____________ out and (cook) ____________ our own meals, so we have to carry a lot. 3. If you leave your keys with the hall porter he (take) ____________ the car round to the garage. 4. Have you decided on your colour scheme? Oh yes, and I've bought the paint. I (paint) ____________ this room blue and the sitting room green. THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS, FUTURE PERFECT AND FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES A. PRESENTATION. 1. The Future Continuous Tense * FORMATION: (+) S + shall/will + be + V_ing+ …. (-) S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ …. (?) shall/will +S+ be + V_ing+ …..? * USE 15 Thì tương lai tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra ở 1 thời điểm nào đó trong tương lai. E.g. At this time tomorrow morning, they will be attending an important meeting. * Signal words: at this time tomorrow, at this moment next year, at present next Friday, at 5 p.m. tomorrow... 2. The Future Perfect Tense * FORMATION: (+) S + shall/will + have + Past Participle… (-) S + shall/will + not + have + Past Participle… (?) Shall/will +S + have + Past Participle…? * USE Thì tương lai hoàn thành diễn tả 1 hành động sẽ hoàn thành trước 1 thời điểm hoặc 1 hành động khác trong tương lai. E.g. When you come back, we will have finished the work. * Signal words: by the time, by the end of.., before+ future time 3. The Future Perfect Continuous Tense * FORMATION: (+) S + shall/will + have been + V_ing+ …. (-) S + shall/will + not + have been + V_ing+ …. (?) Shall/will +S+ have been + V_ing+ …..? * USE: Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động sẽ hoàn thành trước 1 thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác trong tương lai. E.g. By the end of this year, he will have been working in this hospital for 30 years. B. PRACTICE. Choose the best option by circling A, B, C or D. 1. Many natural resources _________ by the end of the century. A. will have disappeared C. had disappeared B. have disappeared D. disappeared st 2. By the end of the 21 century, the first car running on the sea water ________. A. will finish C. will have been finished B. will be finished D. will be finishing 3. No matter what happens next I _______ help you. A. am B. have C. will D. would 4. By this time next summer, you _______ your studies. A. completes B. will complete C. are completing D. will have completed 5. What _______ at this time tomorrow? A. will you do C. will you be doing B. will you have done D. will you have been doing 6. Soon, people _______ most of the time at home. A. will work B. are working C. have worked D. work 7. _______ you send this wedding card to Peter, please? A. Will B. Are C. Did D. Had 8. When Peter _______, I _______ him to your new house. 16 A. will arrive / take C. arrives / will take B. has arrived / am taking D. had arrive / had taken 9. I think that everything ______ ready for the project procedure by the end of next month. A. will have been B. has been C. had been D. is 10. Dan and Crystal ______ married in June. A. are getting B. has got C. was getting D. will have got C. HOMEWORK. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form. 1 Don't phone between 7 and 8. We (have) …………... dinner then. 2. Phone me after 8 o'clock. We (finish) .................. dinner by then. 3. Lisa is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the moment. So far she has travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of the trip, she (travel)…........more than 3,000 miles. 4. Ben is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, he (spend) …........... all his money before the end of his holiday. 5. If you need to contact me, I (stay)…… .... at the Lion Hotel until Friday. 6. Peter has to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o'clock. It will last about an hour. Mary: Will you be free at 11.30? Peter: Yes, the meeting (end) …………..by then. MIXED EXERCISES * Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 1. I learned that the college ________ in 1900. A. found B. was founded C. founded D. had been founded 2. After he.......................his English course, he went to England to continue his study. A. has finish B. had finished C. was finished D. would finish 3. How.........................since we .....................college? A. are you- left B. were you- left C. have you been- have left D. have you been- left 4. I..................you lately. We..........................three months ago. A. haven’t seen- last met B. didn’t see- met C. haven’t seen- have meet D. didn’t see- have met 5. The Chinese...............spaghetti dishes for a long time before Marco Polo............. back to Italy.. A. made- brought B. have made- brought C. made- had brought D. had been making- brought 6. When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker.................speaking and the audience................... A. just finished- were clapping B. had just finished- had clapped C. had just finished- were clapping D. just finished- had clapped 7. He.............................his job last month and then he..................out of work. A. lost- was B. was lost- had been C. has lost- was D. lost- has been 8. In the last hundred years, travelling.......................much easier and more comfortable. A. become B. has become C. became D. will became 9. He _____ in Quang Ngai before I moved to Binh Thuan. A. has been living B. has lived C. had lived D. was living 17 10. In the past, the trip...................very rough and often dangerous, but things..........a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. A. was- have changed B. is- change C. had been- will change D. has been- changed 11. She................ to Hanoi for her summer vacation last year. A. went B. go C. goes D. is going 12. The train ______ half an hour ago. A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left 13. When Carol....................last night, I................my favorite show on television. A. was calling- watched B. called- have watched C. called- was watching D. had called- watched 14. By the time next summer, you....................your studies. A. completes B. will complete C. are completing D. will have completed 15. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years. A. will have been working B. will work C. have been working D. will be working 16. I’ll come and see you before I _______ for the States. A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave 17. Sam..............to change a light bulb when he................and..................down. A. was trying-slipped- fell B. tried- was slipping- falling C. had been trying- slipped- was falling D. has tried- slips- falls 18. I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously. A. broke down B. has been broken C. had broken down D. breaks down 19. I............. for this company for more then thirty years, and I intend to stay here until I.................next year. A. am working- will retire B. am going to work- am retiring C. work- am going to retire D. have been working- retire 20. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him. A. he had left B. he left C. he has left D. he was left 21. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book. A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walk 22. By the time you receive this letter, I ................for the USA. A. have left B. will leave C. will have left D. am leaving 23. While I ……………….along the road, I saw a friend of mine. A. was cycling B. have cycled C. cycled D. am cycling 24. By the time I . . . . . . . . . . this report, I will give you a ring. A. type B. will type C. have typed D. will have typed 25. While my mother .................... a film on TV, my father was cooking dinner. It was March 8th yesterday. A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. watches 26. When we came, they _________ a meeting in the hall. A. are having B. were having C. have been having D. have had 27. Tom and Mary ______ for Vietnam tomorrow. A. leave B. are leaving C. leaving D. are left 28. Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid. 18 A. The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work. B. Having their work finishing, the workers expected to be paid. C. Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work. D. Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid. 29. I haven't heard from Susan for several months. A. I didn't hear from Susan several months ago. B. I last heard from Susan several months ago. C. Susan heard from me several months ago. D. Susan didn't hear from me several months ago. 30. Eight years ago we started writing to each other. A. We have rarely written to each other for eight years. B. Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other. C. We wrote to each other eight years ago. D. We have been writing to each other for eight years. * Find out the underlined part of each sentence that needs correction 31. This time last week I were staying in Ho Chi Minh city. A B C D 32. Before I moved here in 1990, I has lived in Ha Noi. A B C D 33. I was hungry now. I haven’t had breakfast this morning. A B C D 34. I was used to go swimming in summer when I was small. A B C D 35. There are a lot of blacks clouds in the sky. It will rain A B C D 36. Did you met anyone interesting at the party last night? A B C D 37. Someone will stole your car if you leave the car unlocked. A B C D 38. It is not until 1915 that the cinema really became an industry. A B C D 39. I don’t need your umbrella today. I don’t think it is going to rain. A B C D 40. When I came, the room was in a terrible mess because someone have broken in. A B C D 19 2. Subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement Singular subject+singular verb Plural subject+plural verb Subject+ singular/plural verb Confused subjects A- Singular subject + singular verb: BÊt cø ng−êi häc tiÕng anh nµo còng ®Òu n¾m ®−îc mét nguyªn t¾c trong tiÕng anh lµ chñ ng÷ sè Ýt ph¶i kÕt hîp víi ®éng tõ sè Ýt vµ ng−îc l¹i. Ex: - Mr Orson is a doctor. - She lives in Ha Noi. ect. TÊt nhiªn ®ã lµ lý thuyÕt cßn khi d¹y phÇn nµy chóng ta nªn giíi thiÖu cho häc sinh n¾m ®−îc nh÷ng tr−êng hîp chñ ng÷ cô thÓ d−íi ®©y ®−îc coi lµ sè Ýt vµ lu«n kÕt hîp víi ®éng tõ sè Ýt: 1- Chñ ng÷ lµ nh÷ng ®¹i tõ bÊt ®Þnh (infinitive prronouns): someone/somebody, something, noone/nobody, nothing, anybody/anyone, anything, everyone/everybody, everything . Ex: - Everyone thinks that He is innocent. - Nothing is more valuable than health. 2- Chñ ng÷ cã each vµ every: Each/Every + singular noun + singular verb Ex: - Each student has to overpass an important examination. - Every person likes independence and freedom. * L−u ý: nÕu chñ ng÷ lµ each of + plural noun th× cã thÓ dïng ®éng tõ ë c¶ hai h×nh thøc sè Ýt hay sè nhiÒu. Ex: - Each of the men has/have known this. Tuy nhiªn häc sinh nªn sö dông ®éng tõ sè Ýt dùa theo " careful written English" 3- Chñ ng÷ cã "More than one..." More than one + singular noun + singular verb Ex: - More than one building was built last year. 4- Chñ ng÷ lµ "One of/ Not one of......" ect. One of/ Not one of + plural noun + singular verb Ex: - One of my close friends has died. - Not one of those girls has been in love with him. ect. 5- Chñ ng÷ lµ "uncounable nouns" nh−: water, beer, wine, oil, petrol, rice, wheat flour, sugar, milk, cheese, butter, salt, sausage, food, meat, sand, soap, information, air, money,work, homework,...... Ex: - Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade. - Bad information on the internet causes social evils. ect. 20