Tài liệu Mob 1 intro 2010

Internet & Mobile Communications Master 1 - Spring 2010 MI 021 Ho Chi Minh Ville Anne Fladenmuller Assistant Professor – UPMC (France) Overview of the lecture –  Introduction       –  Use-cases, applications Definition of terms Challenges, history Wireless LANs   –        frequencies & regulations signals, antennas, signal propagation Link budget multiplexing, modulation, spread spectrum, cellular system   Media Access   motivation, SDMA, FDMA, TDMA (fixed, Aloha, CSMA, DAMA, PRMA, MACA, collision avoidance, polling), CDMA –  IEEE 802.11a/b/g, .15, Bluetooth Network Protocols         –  Basic Technology Wireless PANs Wireless Transmission   –  –  DHCP Mobile IP Ad-hoc networking Routing Transport Protocols       Reliable transmission Flow control Quality of Service 2 Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Bibliography   Course mostly based on –  the book :   –  Other reference books :       –  "Mobile Communications", Addison-Wesley de Jochen Schiller « Data and computer communications », William Stallings « Réseaux de mobiles et réseaux sans fil » Khaldoun Al Agha, Guy Pujolle, Guillaume Vivier « Wi-fi par la pratique», Guy Pujolle, Davor Malès Several Tutorials :     Vadia Nitin Gwendal Le Grand 3 Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Computers for the next decades?   Computers are more and more integrated –    Technology is in the background –  –    computer are aware of their environment and adapt (“location awareness”) computers recognize the location of users and react appropriately (e.g., call forwarding, fax forwarding, “context awareness”)) Advances in technology –  –  –  –  –  4 small, cheap, portable, replacable - no more separate devices –  more computing power in smaller devices Heterogeneous devices and diverse capacities flat, lightweight displays with low power consumption new user interfaces due to small dimensions more bandwidth per cubic meter multiple wireless interfaces: wireless LANs, wireless PANs, wireless WANs, regional wireless telecommunication networks etc. (“overlay Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 networks“) Number of wireless clients in the world Millions of units Market of mobile telephony between 1999 and 2003 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 North America Europe Asia - Pacific - Japan South America 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year 5 Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Middle East - Africa total Wifi chips   The number of Wifi chips sold in 2008 reached 387 millions of unit for all market areas. + 52% for the Wi-Fi telephony market. + 51 % for the printing market. + 23% for the notebook, laptops (144 millions unit). + 33% for the mobile devices market (MID, camera, audio players , video players …) (71 millions unit) Stable for the game market, set-top-boxes,… According to the Wi-Fi Alliance and In-Stat, the increase should reach 12% for laptop market. 6 Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Commercial market of WLANs (ABI Research).   Increasing number of Wi-Fi hotspots in 2006 –  –  –  –  Up to 143 700 access points in the world, growth of 47 % compared to 2005. 74 % of Wi-Fi Access Points are in North America and Europe Forecast : In 2011, the Asia Pacific area should overtake Europe and North America in terms of number of Access Points. In Europe:     –  Hotel sector : currently the biggest market in the world       7 –  First market for Wi-Fi, with 57 000 Access points. Growth mostly in commercial areas which set up free Wi-Fi access. Typical example : McDonald's, which has equipped 17 % of its 4000 fastfoods. nearly 40 000 Access Points worldwide. future : Voice over IP through wireless connections In 2010, ABI foresees more than 109 000 Wi-Fi AP for this particular market. Promissing commercial benefits before the effective use of Wimax technologies. Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Vietnamese Market     German market research group, GFK predicted in 2008 that around 320,000 laptops ought to be sold in Vietnam for that year, doubling that of 2007 HCM City currently has around five providers of wireless services. –  –  –  –  8 FPT Telecom is the most outstanding player with a US$1.5 million project to develop a Wifi city initiated in June 2007. Telecom’s wireless Internet services now cover most banks, hotels and luxurious restaurants in inner HCM City (5,000 points). Viettel Mobile has begun testing wireless Internet services by providing free services in some districts in Hanoi and HCM City. Two CDMA-based mobile networks, S-Fone and EVN Telecom, are implementing wireless Internet services. No standard wireless model though Wifi is praised for its business potentials, telecom firms are hesitating to develop Wifi. Most of them are just testing services Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Vietnamese Market   Operator’s view –  –  –    Security is a problem for wireless Internet services as it is said that hackers can attack computers through Wifi system. –  9 “After an experimental period, we see space barriers and we are seeking better solutions for these,” said Viettel’s Deputy Director in charge of technology, Hoang Son. S-Fone’s wireless Internet service for mobile phone is praised for its good quality but the charges are still high. For EVN Telecom, though the service is wireless, users have to use a slow dial-up connection. Some service providers have warned that as wireless services in Vietnam are in a trial period and there is no standard security model users must protect themselves. Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Wireless telephony in France –  Autorité de régulation des télécoms (Arcep) 10 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Increased number of smartphones 11 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Wireless in the world 12 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Growth of the 3G+   In Europe, forecast for of the growth of 3G+ telephony (CCS Insight). 2009 Estimation for2011 subscribers 22 millions 43 millions incom 6 billions of € 11 milliards of € 13 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Long Term Evolution   Average annual growth rate (conseil Pyramid Research) –  –    Motorola : + 404 % between 2010 and 2014, Estimation of 136 millions of subscribers by the end of 2014. (growth of UMTS/HSPA subscribers was of 100 millions in 6 years) Goal: transfert of high speed data with a longer transmission range, higher number of user per cell and lower latency. USA/ Sweeden/ … : An offer is set up for 2010 (Ericsson : HSPA (3G) network with very high speed (84 Mbits/s) over Danemark other major cities in Sweeden before the end of 2010) France : Arcep (Autority dof regulation of communications) : Licences allocated in 2010 and sold in 2011. 14 - Sprectrum of 2,6 GHz Band (military) should be freed by 2010 and 2012 - Spectrum of 800 MHz Band (television and army) freed by december 2011 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Internet Market 15 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Internet Market 16 MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Commercial Wifi market (ABI Research).   Increase of the number of WiFi hotspots –  2008 : Paris noticed an increase of 534% of its public and professionnal Wi-Fi connexion.       –  400free hotspots in Paris London remain the most connected city with12.276 connexion area in the city In Europe : important increase in commercial centers with setting up of free Wi-Fi. Example : McDonaldʼs (1 sur 2 à Paris) In2006 :     –  143 700 access points in the world, +47 % compared to 2005. 74 % of this wifi points are in North America and Europe Forecast:     In 2011, South Pacific should overtake Europe and America in terms of number of access points. Hotels: First user ofe WiFi in the world. Promissing market since VoIP is progresing. –  17     In 2010, ABI foresee more than 109 000 WiFi AP for this area. 2013 : forecast of wifi market x4 (ABI) Promissing market, until LTE/WiMAX is being deployed ? Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) WiMAX available in 2 solutions: fixed WiMAX (within a building…) –  mobile WiMAX (connection of « nomad » clients). Device maker 10 000 Wimax base station delivered by Motorola –  Annual growth rate of 40 % since the delivery of the first WiMAX access points in 2007 802.16m (WiMAX Release 2) is the next generation for this high speed mobile technology.   –  In the USA   –  In Europe   18 Consortium : Sprint and Clearwire planed an investment of 10 billions of $ WiMAX and similar services are restricted to areas with no or very little high-speed wired connectivity. LTE (long term evolution) seems to be the natural evolution of HSPA MI021 – « Internet Mobile et Ambiant » - 2010 Introduction Fixed telephony : stable market Internet : Growing market Cellular : growing market Evolution of wired telephony : •  GSM More services •  GPRS/EDGE •  UMTS/ IMT2000 •  4 G –  The development of wireless interfaces generates a need for integration :   19 •  Wireless ATM •  IP/IPv6 •  IEEE 802.11 •  WDM •  Bluetooth •  IP with/without QoS •  Wimax     standardisation of W -LAN/MAN/PAN technologies IEEE 802.11,.15, . 16, Internet: extensions of Mobile IP to the IP protocol Wide area networks Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010 Different aspects of mobility   Mobile computing refers to different aspects : –  Terminals mobility Wireless connection between a mobile terminal and an access point or between several mobile terminals   Maintain the connection when users are on the move   Allow handover and paging   –  Users mobility Identify a user whichever terminal or network he uses.   User profiles should always be recognised   –  Service mobility   –  20 Allow adaptation of the service to the operating environment Session mobility   Allow to pause and restart a session on different environments Internet & Mobile Communications - 2010