Tài liệu Ifcee 2018 advances in geomaterial modeling and site characterization

Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. GSP 295 IFCEE 2018 Advances in Geomaterial Modeling and Site Characterization Papers from Sessions of the International Foundation Congress and Equipment Expo 2018 Orlando, Florida • March 5–10, 2018 Edited by Armin W. Stuedlein, Ph.D., P.E. Anne Lemnitzer, Ph.D. Muhannad T. Suleiman, Ph.D. Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. GEOTECHNICAL SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO. 295 IFCEE 2018 ADVANCES IN GEOMATERIAL MODELING AND SITE CHARACTERIZATION SELECTED PAPERS FROM SESSIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION CONGRESS AND EQUIPMENT EXPO 2018 March 5–10, 2018 Orlando, Florida SPONSORED BY International Association of Foundation Drilling Deep Foundations Institute Pile Driving Contractors Association The Geo-Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers EDITED BY Armin W. Stuedlein, Ph.D., P.E. Anne Lemnitzer, Ph.D. Muhannad T. Suleiman, Ph.D. Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia, 20191-4382 www.asce.org/publications | ascelibrary.org Any statements expressed in these materials are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which takes no responsibility for any statement made herein. No reference made in this publication to any specific method, product, process, or service constitutes or implies an endorsement, recommendation, or warranty thereof by ASCE. The materials are for general information only and do not represent a standard of ASCE, nor are they intended as a reference in purchase specifications, contracts, regulations, statutes, or any other legal document. ASCE makes no representation or warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, apparatus, product, or process discussed in this publication, and assumes no liability therefor. 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IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 iii Preface Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. This is the second volume of six Geotechnical Special Publications (GSPs) and one Geotechnical Practice Publication (GPP) containing papers from the 2018 International Foundations Congress and Equipment Expo (IFCEE18) held in Orlando, Florida on March 5–10, 2018. The IFCEE conference series combines a technical conference and equipment show dedicated to the design and construction of foundation systems, using the latest geo-engineering and geo-construction technologies and practices. The IFCEE conference series is a one of a kind event that attracts attendees from around the world for the world’s largest equipment exposition dedicated solely to the deep foundations industry. This Congress combined the 2018 annual meetings of ASCE’s Geo-Institute, the International Association of Foundation Drilling (ADSC), the Pile Driving Contractors Association (PDCA) and the Deep Foundations Institute (DFI). This event was the third Congress in the IFCEE conference series, following the successful 2009 and 2015 meetings, in which these leading geotechnical and geotechnical-related organizations joined together for a single and singular annual congress. IFCEE18 provided an international forum to discuss technological advances, case histories, and present challenges related to geotechnical and foundation engineering. The Congress was attended by a wide range of geo-professionals including engineers, contractors, academicians, equipment manufacturers, geo-technologists, researchers, and service, material and tooling suppliers. This publication culminates two years of effort by the technical planning committee whose focus has been to continue the success of the previous meetings in the IFCEE conference series. Many individuals are responsible for the content of this volume, all of whom served in the efforts to maintain the standard set by previous proceedings. An international call for papers and a rigorous peer review process yielded 280 accepted technical papers, that were presented in 47 sessions, in addition to invited keynote presentations. Papers were reviewed in accordance with ASCE GSP standards. Accordingly, each paper was subjected to technical review by two or more independent peer reviewers. Publication requires concurrence by at least two peer reviewers. The Editors would like to express their appreciation for having been provided the opportunity to be a part of this Congress’ organization, their sincere thanks to the numerous session chairs and reviewers, and we hope that these proceedings will be of use to the geotechnical engineering community for many years to come. The Editors, Armin W. Stuedlein, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, M.DFI, Oregon State University Anne Lemnitzer, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, M.DFI, University of California, Irvine Muhannad T. Suleiman, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, M.DFI, Lehigh University © ASCE IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 iv Acknowledgments Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Thanks are due to the authors, primary reviewers, session chairs, and program committee, without whom this publication would not be possible. IFCEE 2018 Conference Program Committee Conference Chair W. Robert Thompson, III, P.E., D.GE, M.ASCE, Dan Brown and Associates, PC Technical Program Committee Tracy T. Brettmann, P.E., D.GE, M.ASCE, A. H. Beck Foundation Company, Inc. Allen Cadden, P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, Schnabel Engineering Peggy Hagerty-Duffy, P.E., D.GE, Hagerty Engineering, Inc. Bernard H. Hertlein, FACI, M.ASCE, GEI Consulting, Inc. Terence P. Holman, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Turner Construction Company Michael D. Justason, P.Eng., M.ASCE, McMaster University/Bermingham Foundation Solutions Mary Ellen Large, P.E., D.GE, M.ASCE, Deep Foundations Institute Anna Sellountou, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, Pile Dynamics, Inc. Proceedings Editors Muhannad T. Suleiman, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, Lehigh University Anne Lemnitzer, Ph.D., P.E., A.M.ASCE, University of California, Irvine Armin W. Stuedlein, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Oregon State University IFCEE 2018 Sessions and Session Chairs Deep Foundations Deep Foundations & Seismic Issues William M. Camp, III, P.E., D.GE, M.ASCE, S&ME, Inc. Design and Analysis of Deep Foundations Sanjeev Malhotra, P.E., G.E., D.GE, Consulting Engineer; Elizabeth M. Smith, P.E., G.E., D.GE, Terracon Consultants, Inc.; James W. Niehoff, P.E., M.ASCE, GEI Consultants, Inc. Field Testing: Axial/Lateral I Gerald Verbeek, M.ASCE, Verbeek Management Services; John P. Turner, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, M.ASCE, Dan Brown and Associates, PC; Murad Y. Abu-Farsakh, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Louisiana State University © ASCE IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Pile Driving: Design and Construction Michael H. Wysockey, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Thatcher Engineering Corporation Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Practical Aspects of Foundation Installation and Investigation Sanjeev Malhotra, P.E., G.E., D.GE, Consulting Engineer Earth Retention and Support Excavation Support: Design and Construction Helen Robinson, P.E., GEI Consultants, Inc. Mechanically Stabilized Earth and Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Systems Ben A. Leshchinsky, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, Oregon State University Seismic Aspects of Earth Retention Ali A. Eliadorani, Ph.D., P.E., P.L.S., M.ASCE, South Carolina State University Tunnels and Buried Structures Eric Wang, P.E., LEED AP, M.ASCE, HNTB Corporation; Thomas W. Pennington, P.E., M.ASCE, Jacobs Associates Ground Improvement & Seepage Control Bio-Based Soil Improvement Dimitrios Zekkos, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, University of Michigan & geoengineer.org; Jason DeJong, Ph.D., University of California, Davis; Kenichi Soga, Ph.D., FREng, FICE, M.ASCE, University of California, Berkeley Geosynthetic/Fiber Reinforcement Ben A. Leshchinsky, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, Oregon State University Ground Improvement: Treatment Case Studies Christian B. Woods, P.E., D.GE, G.E., M.ASCE, Densification, Inc. Liquefaction and Densification Menzer Pehlivan, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, CH2M HILL Retaining and Cutoff Wall Design and Construction Kenneth L. Fishman, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, McMahon & Mann Consulting Engineers, P.C.; Nasser Massoudi, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Bechtel Corp. Stone Columns/Piers/Grouting I Kord J. Wissmann, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, M.ASCE, Geopier Foundation Company; Jie Han, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE, The University of Kansas © ASCE v IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Other Topics: Deep Foundations and Site Characterization Advances in Energy Piles Omid Ghasemi Fare, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, University of Louisville; John S. McCartney, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, University of California, San Diego Bridges: Foundation Design and Construction Sam Sternberg, III, P.E., M.ASCE, Thompson Engineering Characterizing the Behavior of Soils Cumaraswamy (Vipu) Vipulanandan, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, University of Houston; Yazen Khasawneh, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, NTH Consultants, Ltd. Liquefaction: Analysis and Design C. Yoga Chandran, Ph.D., G.E., P.E., M.ASCE, CH2M HILL QA/QC for Deep Foundations Anna Sellountou, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, Pile Dynamics, Inc. Rock Mechanics Ingrid Tomac, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, University of California, San Diego; Ehsan Ghazanfari, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, University of Vermont Site Characterization Xiong (Bill) Yu, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE, Case Western University Other Topics in Geotechnical Engineering Constitutive Modeling Usama S. El Shamy, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Southern Methodist University; Seung Jae Lee, Ph.D., Aff.M.ASCE, Florida International University Pavements and Subgrades Boo Hyun Nam, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, University of Central Florida Shallow Foundations Xiong Zhang, Ph.D., P.E., A.M.ASCE, Missouri University of Science and Technology Slopes, Dams, Embankments Timothy D. Stark, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign; Binod Tiwari, Ph.E., P.E., M.ASCE, California State University, Fullerton; Beena Ajmera, Ph.D., A.M.ASCE, California State University, Fullerton © ASCE vi IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 vii Unsaturated Soils Farshid Vahedifard, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Mississippi State University; Rifat Bulut, Ph.D., M.ASCE, Oklahoma State University Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Selected Other Topics in Geotechnical Engineering Matteo Montesi, P.E., M.ASCE, WSP USA; Curt R. Basnett, P.E., M.ASCE. CH2M HILL; Morgan Race, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Braun Intertec; Kam Weng Ng, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, University of Wyoming; Lori A. Simpson, G.E., P.E., M.ASCE, Langan Treadwell Rollo Case Histories, Lessons Learned and General Practice ACIP Piles: Case Histories and Lessons Learned W. Morgan NeSmith, P.E., M.ASCE, Berkel & Company Contractors, Inc. Drilled Shafts: Case Histories and Lessons Learned William F. (Bubba) Knight, P.E., M.ASCE, Loadtest, A Division of Fugro USA Land, Inc. Driven Piles: Case Histories and Lessons Learned Michael H. Wysockey, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE, Thatcher Engineering Corporation Excavation Support: Case Histories and Lessons Learned Richard J. Valentine, P.E., M.ASCE, Valentine Engineering Consultants Ground Improvement: Case Histories and Lessons Learned Jose L. M. Clemente, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, Bechtel NS&E Micropiles: Case Histories and Lessons Learned Steve Davidow, P.E., S.E., P.Eng., Aff.M.ASCE, Quanta Subsurface Site Investigation: Case Histories and Lessons Learned Conrad W. Felice, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, C. W. Felice, LLC Slope Stabilization/Earth Retention: Case Histories and Lessons Learned Timothy D. Stark, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign IFCEE 2018 Primary Paper Reviewers John Abdalkhani Amir Ahmadipur Sherif Abdelaziz Aseel Ahmed Yasser Abdelhamid Beena Ajmera Kofi Acheampong Gauen Alexander Muthu Adigovindan Ryan Allin © ASCE Robert Alperstein Art Alzamora Denis Ambio Omar Amer Joram Amir IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Jinwoo An Donald Anderson Ed Anderson Ronald Andrus Luis Arboleda Allam Ardah David Arellano George Aristorenas Haydar Arslan Arul Arumoli Moi Arzamendi Reza Ashtiani Andrew Assadollahi Paul Axtell Alireza Ayoubian Alireza Saeedi Azizkandi Ahmed Baghdady Paola Bandini Aritra Banerjee Curt Basnett Prasenjit Basu Bate Bate Andrew Baxter Ira Beer Jomaa Ben-Hassine Jonathan Bennett Keith Bennett Jorge Bheim Dale C. Biggers Jerold Bishop Tanner Blackburn Antonio Bobet Glen Bobnick Giovanni Bonita Michael Boone David Borger Stan Boyle Tom Brandon Kyle Brennan Tracy Brettmann Jean-Louis Briaud Frederick (Rick) A. Brinker © ASCE viii E. Buka Paul Bullock Rifat Bulut Kristi Bumpas Giuseppe Buscarnera Allen Cadden Billy Camp Franz Campero Greg Canivan Junnan Cao Salvatore Caronna John Case Ray Castelli Jan Cermak Bora Cetin Yoga Chandran Geoff Chao Lizhou Chen W. Z. Chen Les Chernauskas Bhaskar Chittoori Byoung Hooi Cho Sanghyun Chun Jose Clemente Russell Cooper Michael Coryell Dave Crouthamel Bobby Daita Steven Dapp Domenic D'Argenzio Steve Davidow John Deeken Jason DeJong Karishma Desai Jerry DiMaggio Randall Divito Yi Dong Elliott Drumright Elizabeth Dwyre Paul Eggers Paul Eickenberg Usama Samir El Shamy Ghada Ellithy Fathey Elsaid Mostafa Elseifi Carlos Englert Alan Esser Jeff Evans Matt Evans Ragui Wilson Fahmy Arvin Farid Ray Fassett Peter Faust Sixto Fernandez Alexander Filotti Geroge Filz Jared Fischer Kenneth Fishman Michael Flynn Emmanuel Fosteris Ray Franz Murray Fredlund David Frost Mo Gabr Mahi Galagoda Phillip Gallet Quan Gao John Garber Cyrus Garner Donald Gerken Hande Gerkus Omid Ghasemi-Fare Akrouch Ghassen Mohammad Ghavami Ehsan Ghazanfari James Gingery Matt Glisson Matt Goff Aaron Goldberg Larry Goldfarb Jesus Gomez Michael G. Gomez Clay Goodman David Graham Donald Gray Donald Green Jared Green IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Jean Habimana Seth Hamblin Chanjuan Han Jie Han Jim Hansen Nafiul Haque Nicholas Harman Dean Harris Megan Hart Ahmadreza Hedayat James Hite Chu Ho I-Hsuan Ho Jon Ho Oliver Hoops David Horhota Zahid Hossain Xiewen Hu Jie Huang Aaron Hudson Nick Hudyma Jonathan Huff Troy Hull Dana Humphrey Mohamad Hussein James Hussin Nejan Huvaj Elvis Ishimwe Magued Iskander Tyler Jahn Matthew Janes John Jenkins Yan Jiang Lawrence F. Johnsen Kenneth Johnson John Juenger Hyuk-Sang Jung Onur Kacar Arash Kamali-Asl Peter Kandaris Xin Kang Ismail Karatas Edward Kavazanjian Qamar Kazmi © ASCE ix Andrew Keene Ryan Keiper Yazen Khasawneh Ali Khosravi Yoshiaki Kikuchi Meeok Kim Sihyun Kim Sonny Kim Yonje Kim Scott Kirts Junyoung Ko Prabir Kolay Josh Koltz Susheel Kolwalker Van Komurka Dimitrious Konstantakos Tim Kovacs Sachin Kumar Debra Laefer Mary Ellen Large John Lawrence Imsoo Lee Seung Jae Lee Anne Lemnitzer Ben Leshchinsky Christopher Lewis Michael Lewis Paul Lewis Chang Li Jiliang Li Lin Li Marina Li Min Liew Garland Likins Keng-Wit Lim Chuang Lin Xiaobin Lin Bret Lingwall Jenny Liu Shimin Liu Sebastian LoboGuerrero Libby Loeffler Erik Loehr Theresa Loux John Lupo Scott Mackiewicz Ashley Macmillan Anwar Maharmeh Ali Maher Sanjeev Malhotra Kalehiwot Nega Manahiloh Brian Martinez Ben Mason John McCartney Alexander Mcgillivray JT McGinnis Michael McVay Nick Meloy Brian Metcalfe Peter Middendorp Marta Miletic Kevin Miller Bert Miner Filippo Mira-Catto Deb Mishra Roxbeh Moghaddam Soroush Mokhtari Matteo Montesi Brina Montoya Joon-Shik Moon Taehyun Moon Mike Muchard Gray Mullins Finnegan Mwape Boo Hyun Nam Soonkie Nam Mohammad Nasim David Neilson Kam Weng Ng Trung Dung Nguyen James Niehoff Mary Nodine Iraj Noorany Nicolas Oettle Kwabena Ofori-Awuah IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Ed O'Malley George Onorato Phillip Ooi Hasan Ozer Sam Paikowsky Anant Panwalkar Ujwalkumar Patil James Pegues Tom Pennington James Pergues Dunja Peric Howard Perko Juan Pestana James Phipps Gregg Piazza George Piscsalko Marc Plotkin Tyler Poggiogalle Daniel Pradel Russell Preuss Tom Printz Anand Puppala Sastry Putcha Tong Qiu Morgan Race Parishad Rahbari Dhooli Raj Promod Rao Deepak Rayamajhi Mohammad Razavi Alex Reeb Kurt Rhoads Frederick Rhyner Tom Richards Charles Roarty Donald Robertson Brent Robinson Helen Robinson Juan Rodriguez Mark Rohrbach Kyle Rollins Dario Rosidi Jason Ross John Rowley © ASCE x Daniel Ruffing Cassandra Rutherford Tom Sabourin Nick Salisbury Marika Santagata Fernando Sarabia Sagar Satyal Steve Saye Zach Scarboro David Scarpato Vern Schaefer Charles Warren Schwartz Brian Sears Henry Seawell Jeff Segar Al Sehn Gary Seider Anna Sellountou Hoyoung Seo Jeongbok Seo Sunil Sharma Anna Shidlovskaya Phil Shull Erin Sibley Tim Siegel Gregory Silver Matt Silveston Johanna Simon Bob Simpson Lori Simpson Jenn Sketchley Matthew Sleep Don Smith Miriam Smith Ryan Snook Kenichi Soga Ahmad Souri Eric Steward Melissa Stewart Charles (Andy) Stone Bryan Strohman Armin Stuedlein Muhannad Suleiman Steve Sun Xiaohui Sun Oscar Suncar Sonia Swift Amirata Taghavi Takefumi Takuma Majid Talebi Gilbert Tallard Burak Tanyu David Tara Junliang Tau Ed Theinat Robert Thompson James Tinjum Binod Tiwari Ingrid Tomac Justin Toney Lucas Turko Benjamin Turner John Turner Richard (Dick) Vaeth Richard Valentine Adriaan Van Seters Ben Vance Dan VandenBerge Philip Vardon Cumaraswamy Vipulanandan Michael Walker Scott Walker Bill Walton Dingbao Wang Eric Wang Fei Wang Lei Wang Shugang Wang Lei Wei Darrell Wilder Daniel Woeste Jeong Yun Won Moussa Wone Timothy Wood Lee Wooten Yonggui Xie IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Xiaoming Yang Jun Yao Fred Yi Taesun You Heejung Youn Xiong Yu Zia Zafir Atefeh Zamani Natasha Zamani Claudia Zapata Justin Zarella Dimitrios Zekkos Ming Zhang Xiong Zhang Katerina Ziotopoulou Jorge Zornberg © ASCE xi IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 xii Contents Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Characterization and Modeling of Soils and Rocks A Comparison of In-Place Unit Weight and Moisture Content Measurements Made Using Nuclear Based Methods and the Drive Cylinder Method ......................................................................................................... 1 William J. Baker III and Christopher L. Meehan Comparison of Direct Push to Pre-Bored Pressuremeter Test Results ............... 12 Johnathan R. Garber, Karl Higgins, and Nicholas Meloy A Preliminary Study on Use of LiDAR Data to Characterize Sinkholes in Central Florida.......................................................................................................... 23 Amirarsalan Rajabi, YongJe Kim, Sung-Hee Kim, YongSeong Kim, BumJoo Kim, and Boo Hyun Nam Equations to Calculate the Undrained Shear Strength of Lacustrine Soil Deposit with Swedish Cone Equipment .................................................................. 32 Binod Tiwari, Daniel Pradel, and Beena Ajmera A Decision Tree Based Hazard Assessment of Karst Sinkholes ........................... 43 YongJe Kim, Boo Hyun Nam, Changsu Lim, Hyuk-Sang Jung, and Joon-Shik Moon Strength and Index Measurements of South Florida Carbonate-Rocks ............. 54 Thai Nguyen, Michael McVay, Xiaoyu Song, Scott Wasman, Michael Rodgers, David Horhota, Rodrigo Herrera, and Kaiqi Wang A Comparison of Continuous Compaction Control Measurements with Localized In Situ Test Results ................................................................................. 64 Daniel V. Cacciola, Christopher L. Meehan, William J. Baker III, and Faraz S. Tehrani Synthesizing Hydrophobic Sand and Comparison of Shear Strength Properties with Hydrophilic Sand ........................................................................... 75 Md Zahidul Karim, Stacey E. Tucker-Kulesza, and Melanie M. Derby Effect of Plasticity and Effective Normal Stress on Coefficient of Consolidation and Hydraulic Conductivity of Fine-Grained Soils having Different Pore Fluid Salinities............................................................ 84 Beena Ajmera, Binod Tiwari, and Lafa Taher Nassruldin © ASCE IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Influence of Salinity of Pore Fluid on the Undrained Shear Strength of Clays....................................................................................................... 94 Beena Ajmera, Binod Tiwari, and Florentino Ostrova Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Influence of Ionic Soil Stabilizer (ISS) Dosage on the Stabilization Effectiveness of Expansive Soils ............................................................................ 103 Shi He, Xinbao Yu, Sandesh Gautam, and Laureano R. Hoyos EAF Ladle Steel Slag as a Geo-Material: Compaction and Shear Strength Characteristics ........................................................................................ 113 Irem Zeynep Yıldırım and Monica Prezzi Limitations of Classifications for Soils that Contain Diatom Microfossils ....... 123 Hend H. Al Shatnawi and Paola Bandini Probabilistic Analysis of Layered Slopes with Linearly Increasing Cohesive Strength and 2D Spatial Variability of Soil Strength Parameters Using Non-Circular RLEM Approach ................................................................. 133 Sina Javankhoshdel, Brigid Cami, Richard J. Bathurst, and Brent Corkum Use of Nano-Level Constitutive Model to Predict the Volume Change Behavior of the Treated Expansive Clays ............................................................ 143 Sahel N. Abduljauwad and Habib-ur-Rehman Ahmed Prediction of Particle Size Distribution in Clay Using Electrical Conductivity Measurement.................................................................................... 154 Majid Mahmoodabadi and Sebastian Bryson H-Pile Driving Induced Vibrations: Reduced-Scale Laboratory Testing and Numerical Analysis ............................................................................ 165 Athina Grizi, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, and Richard D. Woods Results of Modeling of Ground Surface Deformation Due To a Subsurface Pressurized Crack............................................................................... 176 Jong-Won Choi, Soheil Razzaghi, Mohammed A. Faruqi, Joseph O. Sai, Dazhi Sun, and Francisco Aguiniga Influence of Mesh Size, Number of Slices, and Number of Simulations in Probabilistic Analysis of Slopes Considering 2D Spatial Variability of Soil Properties................................................................................................................. 186 Brigid Cami, Sina Javankhoshdel, Richard J. Bathurst, and Thamer Yacoub Performance of the Generalized Bounding Surface Model: Simulation of Cohesive Soils Subjected to Monotonic Loading ......................... 197 Andrés Nieto-Leal, Victor N. Kaliakin, and Tania P. Molina © ASCE xiii IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 Large-Scale Simulations of Foamed Glass Aggregate for Geotechnical Design Parameters .................................................................................................. 206 Peyman Aminpour, Kurt J. Sjoblom, Seungcheol Yeom, Robert H. Swan Jr., Archie Filshill, and Timothy D. Stark Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Yield Surface Mapping and Triaxial Compression Test Data Curation ........... 218 Mohammad M. Eslami, Scott J. Brandenberg, Daniel Pradel, and Maria Esteva Effect of Normalization on Developing SHANSEP Based Undrained Shear Strengths of Fine-Grained Soils ............................................................................ 229 Beena Ajmera, Binod Tiwari, and Mohammed Al-Behadili Simulation of Quasi-Static Collapse of Granular Columns Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method ........................................................ 237 Elnaz Kermani and Tong Qiu Reliability Analysis of Foundation Systems Supported on Clay Subgrades of Different Strengths: A Finite Element Approach ........................ 248 A. GuhaRay, A. Biswas, and D. Chauhan A Microstructure-Based Finite Element Model to Estimate Hydraulic Properties in Fine-Grained Soils ........................................................................... 258 Shaoyang Dong and Xiong (Bill) Yu Effect of Overburden Pressure, Mineralogical Composition, and Plasticity on the Cyclic Behavior of Fine-Grained Soils ...................................................... 266 Binod Tiwari, Beena Ajmera, Brian Yamashiro, and Quoc-Hung Phan Evaluation of Post-Liquefaction Shear Strength and Shear Wave Velocity of Uniform Gravels .................................................................................. 276 Jonathan F. Hubler, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, and Dimitrios Zekkos Numerical Insights into Seismic Performance of Low-Rise Buildings with Basements ................................................................................................................ 286 Jaime A. Mercado and Luis G. Arboleda-Monsalve Case Histories of Liquefaction-Induced Building Damage–Focusing on the 22 February 2011 Christchurch Earthquake ....................................................... 297 Mengfen Shen, Qiushi Chen, Jie Zhang, and C. Hsein Juang Influence of Non-Plastic Fines on Laboratory Shear Wave Velocity Measurements and Cyclic Resistance ................................................................... 309 Lalita G. Oka and Mandar M. Dewoolkar © ASCE xiv IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 xv Thermal Conductivity of Unsaturated Sands at Moderately Elevated Temperatures (25°C to 75°C) ................................................................................ 321 Jun Yao and William J. Likos Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. A Simplified Approach to Determine the Response of Unsaturated Soils Using Multistage Triaxial Test .............................................................................. 332 Aritra Banerjee, Anand J. Puppala, Ujwalkumar D. Patil, Laureano R. Hoyos, and Puneet Bhaskar Effects of Temperature on Microstructural Properties of Unsaturated Clay .......................................................................................................................... 343 C. Clay Goodman, Nima Latifi, and Farshid Vahedifard Geotechnical Engineering in the Face of Climate Change: Role of Multi-Physics Processes in Partially Saturated Soils ............................. 353 Farshid Vahedifard, James M. Williams, and Amir AghaKouchak New Vipulanandan Failure Model and Property Correlations for Sandstone, Shale and Limestone Rocks ................................... 365 C. Vipulanandan and A. Mohammed The Study on Island Rock-Mass Mechanical Parameters in a Sea-Crossing Bridge ............................................................................................... 377 Wu Jianli, Hu Xiewen, and Song Dage Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Weathered Limestone ....................... 389 John P. Nuszkowski, Nick W. Hudyma, and Marcus Polito Response of Marcellus Shale Specimens to Cyclic Loading ............................... 399 Arash Kamal-Asl and Ehsan Ghazanfari Multimodal Characterization of the Anisotropic Behaviors of Shale Rocks ........................................................................................................................ 408 Chanjuan Han, Jianying Hu, and Xiong (Bill) Yu Shallow Foundations Design and Construction of High-Capacity Spread Footings over Post-Glacial Compressible Clay Deposits: Two Case Studies in Massachusetts .......................................................................................................... 418 Amy C. Blomeke, Robert D. House, and Stanley S. Sadkowski III Geotechnical Load Factored Resistance Design (LFRD) Calculations of Settlement and Bearing Capacity for Shallow Bridge Foundations .................. 431 Shehab S. Agaiby, Adebola Adelakun, Ian D. Rish, and Paul W. Mayne © ASCE IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 xvi One-Dimensional Compressibility Behavior of Overconsolidated Bootlegger Cove Clays ............................................................................................ 442 David G. Zapata-Medina, Diego I. Galeano-Parra, and Luis G. Arboleda-Monsalve Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Measured and Predicted Dynamic Vertical Response of an Embedded Footing at TAMU NGES Site ................................................................................ 453 Patrick W. Dunn and Dennis R. Hiltunen Reliability Analysis for Settlement of Shallow Bridge Foundations .................. 463 Aseel Y. Ahmed, Andrzej S. Nowak, and Maria M. Szerszen Other Topics Global Segmentation Algorithm for Partially Saturated Granular Geomaterials ........................................................................................................... 474 Kokeb A. 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Characterization of As-Constructed Aggregate Base Layer Stiffness Using Embedded Shear Wave Transducers.................................................................... 567 Yong-Hoon Byun and Erol Tutumluer © ASCE xvii IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 A Comparison of In-Place Unit Weight and Moisture Content Measurements Made Using Nuclear Based Methods and the Drive Cylinder Method Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. William J. Baker III, S.M.ASCE1; and Christopher L. Meehan, F.ASCE2 1 Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Delaware, 301 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Delaware, 301 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The determination of in-place unit weight and moisture content is a critical component of earthwork construction quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC). Direct measurement methods such as the drive cylinder test, sand cone test, or rubber balloon test can be utilized to determine a soil’s in-place unit weight and moisture content, and have a long history of use in geotechnical engineering. However, these direct measurement methods are destructive in nature and the tests are time consuming to conduct in the field. As a result, nuclear density gauge testing has emerged as the dominant approach for QA/QC of soil compaction in the United States, as this device allows for relatively nondestructive testing (only a small hole in needed to run the test), and quicker testing, which allows for better coverage of a compacted soil area in the field. Conventional nuclear density gauges utilize radioactive sources to determine a soil’s inplace unit weight and moisture content, which can be hazardous to the user and others nearby if proper safety protocols are not followed. A new density gauge has recently been developed (the “EGauge”), which uses the same general principles as the nuclear density gauge to measure inplace unit weight and moisture content of soils, with relatively low emission radioactive sources being utilized in the device compared to more traditional devices (allowing for safer testing). This paper describes the results from a study that was carried out to examine the relative differences between in situ unit weight and moisture content measurements made with a drive cylinder, nuclear density gauge, and EGauge. All testing was performed on an active project site, on soil areas that had been well compacted. After calibrating the EGauge for moisture content, it was observed that all three test approaches were generally in good agreement with one another for the wet and dry soil unit weight and the soil moisture content. The nuclear density gauge consistently underestimated moisture content and consequently overestimated dry unit weight values relative to the drive cylinder measurements. Overall, the EGauge measurements were in better agreement with measurements made by the drive cylinder than they were with the nuclear density gauge test results. INTRODUCTION During earthwork construction soils are subjected to compaction-induced densification to improve their overall strength and stability, and to reduce their compressibility under load (e.g., D’Appolonia et al. 1969). “End product” specifications are utilized to ensure soils in the field are sufficiently compacted to ensure adequate engineering performance (e.g., DelDOT 2001). In situ © ASCE 1 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by RMIT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/03/19. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. IFCEE 2018 GSP 295 spot testing plays a critical part in any end product based approach for compaction control, with periodic post-compaction measurements of soil unit weight and moisture content being common for most soil compaction projects in the field (Meehan et al. 2012, Meehan and Hertz 2013). In conventional practice, in situ measurements of soil unit weight and moisture content are made using test approaches such as the sand cone (ASTM D1556-15), the rubber balloon (ASTM D2167-15), or the drive cylinder (ASTM D2937-17) test. These methods attempt to provide a direct measurement of a compacted soil’s unit weight and moisture content from weight and volume measurements taken in the field. Other devices such as the nuclear density gauge infer a soil’s unit weight and moisture content by measuring the amount of radiation that passes between a radioactive source and receiver through an area of compacted soil, and then using these measured radiation counts with previously established calibration relationships (ASTM D6938-17). Several comparison studies have been conducted relating the results from direct measurement devices and the nuclear density gauge. Kaderabek and Ferris (1979) made unit weight comparisons using a sand cone, drive cylinder and a nuclear density gauge on two types of sandy soils (SM and SM-SW). The authors found that the moisture content measured from the nuclear density gauge was consistently higher compared to the oven moisture contents. They also found that the nuclear density gauge measured a lower moist unit weight compared to the moist unit weight measured by the sand cone, resulting in the sand cone yielding 5% higher compaction when compared to the nuclear density gauge. For this study, drive cylinder testing was used on a limited basis since the sandy soils did not hold well in the drive cylinder, which resulted in consistently lower unit weight values relative to the sand cone. Noorany et al. (2000) performed a similar study comparing the sand cone, drive cylinder and the nuclear density gauge for tests conducted on a clayey sand (SC). In this study, the authors found that the sand cone was the most accurate. The nuclear density gauge for this study had a wide range of variability with a significant error. Inaccurate moisture content readings were made by the nuclear density gauge when compared to the oven dried moisture contents. The drive cylinder readings for this study were also consistently low; however, in this study a smaller (3 inch diameter) cylinder was used, which tended to yield gravel-induced voids along the wall of the cylinder during driving, producing lower unit weight readings. Nuclear-based testing devices (e.g., ASTM D6938-17, AASHTO T238-97) are currently the most commonly used tool in the United States for measuring in situ soil unit weight and moisture content; this is not surprising, given that the tests are relatively nondestructive in nature and tests can be conducted relatively quickly (Berney and Kyzar 2012, Meehan et al. 2012). However, these devices have numerous “logistical” issues which stem from the presence of a radioactive emission source in the device (Meehan and Hertz 2013). There are numerous procedures that must be followed surrounding the transportation, handling, use and storage of the device to ensure both personnel and the public are protected from the radioactive material. There are also strict regulations and reporting requirements regarding how the device must be used, stored, and transported, which are overseen by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. In response to these issues, a new density gauge, the EGauge, has recently been developed (Troxler 2016). This density gauge uses the same principal measurement methodology as a traditional nuclear density gauge, but with nuclear sources that have a much lower level of radioactivity. This device is consequently safer to use in the field, with fewer requirements for safety training of field personnel, and without the complexities of NRC reporting requirements. The object of this paper is to compare in situ unit weight and moisture content measurements taken from a Drive Cylinder, a traditional Nuclear Density Gauge and the EGauge on an active © ASCE 2