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1
–
—C—OR',
O
VD1: CH3COOCH3, HCOOCH3, CH3OCO–COOCH3.
RCOOR'
O
R—C—O—R'
RCOOH + R'OH ↽
H ,to
⇀ RCOOR' + H2O
(1) Este no.
(2) Este không no.
•
•
•
VD2:
nH2nO2.
1
A) CH3COOH.
C) HCOOCH3.
B) CH2(COOH)2.
D) CH2=CH–CH2OH.
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1
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2
A) HCOOH.
C) (COOCH3)2.
3
B) (COOH)2.
D) HCOOC2H5.
không
A) CH3COOCH2CH3.
C) HCOOCH3.
4
B) CH3COCH3.
D) C6H5COOCH3.
không
A) CH3OOCCH3.
C) HOOCCH3.
B) HCOOCH3.
D) CH2=CHCOOCH3.
O
5
O
3–C–O–CH2CH2–O–C–CH3
A) CH3COOCH2OOCCH3.
C) CH3COOCH2COCH3.
là
B) CH3COOCH2CH2OOCCH3.
D) CH3COOCH2CH2COCH3.
O
6
3–O–C–C2H5
A) CH3OCOC2H5.
C) C2H5COOCH3.
B) CH3OOCC2H5.
D)
A) CH3COOCH3.
C) (COOCH3)2.
B) (COOH)2.
D) (CH2CHO)2.
7
8
2=CHCOOCH3
A)
B)
C)
D)
3OOC–COOCH3
là este
A)
B)
C)
D)
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A
3COO–CH2CH2–OCOCH3
A)
B)
C)
D)
B
A) CnH2nO2 (n 2).
C) CnH2n–2O2 (n 3).
B) CnH2nO (n
D) CnH2n+2O2 (n
A) CnH2n–2O2 (n
C) CnH2n–2O4 (n
B) CnH2n–4O4 (n 2).
D) CnH2nO4 (n 3)
1).
C
2).
4).
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
E
4H8O2
A) 5.
B) 2.
C) 4.
F
TOPPER. Chú ý
là
D) 6.
5H10O2
A) 4.
B) 6.
C) 8.
là
D) 9.
A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 4.
D) 8.
A) 5.
B) 2.
C) 4.
D) 6.
G
H
I
2
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A) HCOOC2H5 và CH3COOCH3.
B) C2H3COOC2H5 và C2H5COOC2H5.
C) C2H5COOCH3 và HCOOCH(CH3)2.
D) HCOOCH2CH2CH3 và CH3COOC2H5.
3
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2
Danh pháp
RCOOH
RCOO + H+
VD3: Ion CH3COO là fomat; ion CH2=CHCOO là acrylat.
VD4: CH3COO—CH3
axetat
metyl axetat.
metyl
HCOO—CH=CH2
fomat
vinyl fomat.
vinyl
J
là
A) fomic.
C) benzoat.
K
B) axetat.
D) fomat.
6H5COO
là
A) benzoic.
C) benzoat.
TOPPER. Chú ý
B) stiren.
D) axetat.
L
CH2=C(CH3)-COOH là axit
metacrylic.
2=C(CH3)COO
là
B) benzoat.
D) metacrylat.
A) acrylat.
C) fomat.
M
(a) HCOOCH3.
(c) CH2=C(CH3)COOC2H5.
(e) C6H5COOCH3.
2=CH-CH2-
(b) CH2=CHCOOCH3.
(d) CH3COOCH=CH2.
(f) CH3COOCH2CH=CH2.
là anlyl
6H 56H5CH2-
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N
3OCO–COOCH3
A)
C)
O
(a) etyl fomat.
(c) phenyl axetat.
(e) benzyl acrylat.
là
B)
D)
(b) vinyl axetat.
(d) anlyl axetat.
4
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3
ancol, phenol, axit cacboxylic.
—
TOPPER. Chú ý
•
RCOOR' + H2O ↽
•
RCOOR' + NaOH
H ,to
⇀ RCOOH + R'OH.
to
RCOONa + R'OH.
4
O
LiAlH4
R—C—O—R'
và ancol.
VD5: CH3COOCH3
LiAlH4
to
CH3CH2OH + CH3OH.
P
H ,to
⇀
(a) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O ↽
to
(b) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH
(c) CH3COOCH2CH=CH2 + NaOH
to
(d) (COOCH3)2 + NaOH
to
(e) (CH2OCOCH3)2 + NaOH
Q
(a)
RCH2OH + R'OH.
to
to
O
CH2–O–C–CH3
+
H2 O ↽
H ,to
⇀
CH2–O–C–CH=CH2
O
(b)
O
O
CH3O–C–CH=CH–C–OCH3 + NaOH
to
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3
Nhóm –COOH
2O
CO2
H2
Không
Nhóm –COO–
Không
R
4H8O2
ancol là
A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 6.
D) 4.
B) 2.
C) 4.
D) 1.
S
C4H8O2
A) 3.
T
2H4O2
A) 2.
3
B) 5.
C) 4.
U
D) 3.
4H8O2
A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 4.
D) 5.
V
X (C5H10O2) + NaOH
Y + HCl
T
T + Ag2O/NH3
Z
H2SO4 (®Æc)
180 oC
to
(NH4)2CO3 + Ag.
but–2–en + H2O.
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•
H ,to
2O
↽
⇀ Axit + Ancol
A là ancol, B là axit.
•
axit không
3OH
+ CO
W
xt
to
CH3COOH.
4H8O2
A) metanol.
C) axit fomic.
B) etyl axetat.
D) etanol.
X
X và Y (MX < MY
A) metyl propionat.
C) etyl axetat.
Y
B) metyl axetat.
D) vinyl axetat.
6H10O4
A) CH3OCO–CH2–COOC2H5.
B) C2H5OCO–COOCH3.
C) CH3OCO–COOCH3.
D) CH3OCO–CH2CH2–COOC2H5.
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TOPPER. Chú ý
VD6: CH3COOCH=CH2 + NaOH
CH2=CH ↽ ⇀ CH3CH=O
CH3COONa + CH2=CH–OH
H—O
Z
(a) CH3COOCH2CH=CH2 + NaOH
(b) HCOOCH=CH2 + NaOH
(c) HCOOCH=CHCH3 + NaOH
(d) HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 + NaOH
a Cho các este sau: etyl fomat (1); vinyl axetat (2); metyl acrylat (3);
ra ancol là
A) 1, 2, 3.
C) 2, 3, 4.
B) 1, 3, 4.
D) 1, 2, 4.
b
sinh ra ancol là
A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.
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• TH1:
• TH2:
1).
2)
c
4H6O2
A) 4.
B) 3.
C) 5.
D) 6.
d
4H6O2
A) HCOOCH=CHCH3.
C) HCOOC(CH3)=CH2.
B) HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
D) CH3COOCH=CH2.
e
3
2
3
A) HCOOCH=CH2.
C) HCOOCH3.
B) CH3COOCH=CH2.
D) CH3COOCH=CHCH3.
f
Este X (C4HnO2)
A) CH3COOCH2CH3.
C) CH3COOCH=CH2.
NaOH
to
Y
AgNO3
NH3 ,to
Z
NaOH
to
C2H3O2Na.
ã cho là
B) CH2=CHCOOCH3.
D) HCOOCH2CH2CH3.
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9
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R'
O
hay RCOOC6H4R'
R—C—O—
•
—O trong este
to
RCOO–C6H4R' + NaOH
RCOONa + R'C6H4OH.
•
R'C6H4OH + NaOH
nNaOH
neste
R'C6H4ONa + H2O.
2
nNaOH
neste
•
2
•
VD7:
CH3COOC6H5 + NaOH
CH3COONa + C6H5OH
C6H5OH + NaOH
C6H5ONa + H2O
CH3COOC6H5 + 2NaOH
CH3COONa + C6H5ONa + H2O.
g
(a) HCOOC6H5 + NaOH
(b) CH3COO(p–C6H4–CH3) + NaOH
TOPPER. Chú ý
h
X
NaOH (d−)
to
Y
A) axit axetic, phenol.
B) anhiđrit axetic, phenol.
C) anhiđrit axetic, natri phenolat.
D) axit axetic, natri phenolat.
2O.
i
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Phenyl axetat
9H10O2.
A) CH3COOCH2C6H5.
C) C6H5COOC2H5.
Cho X tác
B) HCOOC6H4C2H5.
D) C2H5COOC6H5.
10
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j
+H2O/HgSO4, to
(4)
C2H2
H2 /Pd,PbCO3 ,to
(1)
A
H2O/H ,to
(2)
CuO,to
(3)
B
C
Br2 ,H2O
(5)
D
+O2
(6)
NaOH,to
(8)
B+F
E
+B/H+, to
(7)
+NaOH, to
(9)
A–F
k
AgNO3 /NH3 ,to
(2)
B
C
Vinyl axetat
+NaOH, to
(1)
H
( 4)
A
Etyl axetat
C
+NaOH, to
(4)
D
O2 /men giÊm
(5)
C
A – D.
l
A
Vinyl fomat
H
(2)
C
AgNO3 /NH3 ,to
(3)
(NH4)2CO3
+NaOH, to
(1)
B
AgNO3 /NH3 ,to
(3)
D
A – D.
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Câu
1
C
Câu
H
C
Câu
X
A
2
D
I
A
Y
A
3
B
J
D
4
C
K
C
Z
a
B
5
B
L
D
b
D
6
D
M
c
A
7
C
N
d
C
8
B
O
e
B
9
D
P
f
C
A
C
Q
g
D
B
A
R
D
h
C
C
C
S
C
i
D
D
C
T
C
j
E
C
U
A
k
F
D
V
G
C
W
M
(a) metyl fomat.
(c) etyl metacrylat.
(e) metyl benzoat.
B
l
B
(b) metyl acrylat.
(d) vinyl axetat.
(f) anlyl axetat.
O
(a) HCOOC2H5.
(b) CH3COOCH=CH2.
(c) CH3COOC6H5.
(d) CH3COOCH2CH=CH2.
(e) CH2=CHCOOCH2C6H5.
P
(a) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O ↽ H
,to
(b) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH
to
⇀ CH3COOH + C2H5OH
CH3COONa + C2H5OH
(c) CH3COOCH2CH=CH2 + NaOH
(d) (COOCH3)2 + 2NaOH
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to
(e) (CH2OCOCH3)2 + 2NaOH
to
CH3COONa + CH2=CHCH2OH
(COONa)2 + 2CH3OH
to
(CH2OH)2 + 2CH3COONa
12
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Q
O
CH2–O–C–CH3
CH2–OH
(a)
+
2H2O ↽
H ,to
⇀
CH2–O–C–CH=CH2
CH3COOH
+
CH2–OH
CH2=CHCOOH
O
O
O
(b) CH3O–C–CH=CH–C–OCH3 + NaOH
to
NaOOC CH=CH COONa + 2CH3OH
V
X = HCOOCH(CH3)CH2CH3
Z = CH3CH2CHOHCH3
Y = HCOONa
T = HCOOH
Z
(a) CH3COOCH2CH=CH2 + NaOH
CH3COONa + CH2=CHCH2OH
(b) HCOOCH=CH2 + NaOH
HCOONa + CH3CHO
(c) HCOOCH=CHCH3 + NaOH
HCOONa + CH3CH2CHO
(d) HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 + NaOH
HCOONa + (CH3)2CO
g
(a) HCOOC6H5 + 2NaOH
HCOONa + C6H5ONa + H2O
(b) CH3COO(p–C6H4–CH3) + 2NaOH
CH3
3
6H4
j
A: C2H4.
B: C2H5OH.
E: CH3COOC2H5.
(1) C2H2 + H2
Pd/PbCO3 , to
(2) C2H4 + H2O
(3) C2H5OH + CuO
(4) C2H2 + H2O
C: CH3CHO.
F: CH3COONa.
H , to
C2H5OH
t
o
HgSO 4 , to
men giÊm
(7) CH3COOH + C2H5OH
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D: CH3COOH.
C2H4
(5) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O
(6) C2H5OH + O2
2O
CH3CHO + Cu + H2O
CH3CHO
CH3COOH + HBr
CH3COOH + H2O
H , to
CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
CH3COONa + C2H5OH
(8) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH
(9) CH3COOH + NaOH
CH3COONa + H2O
13
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k
A: CH3COONa.
C: CH3COOH.
B: CH3CHO.
D: C2H5OH.
l
A: HCOONa.
C: HCOOH.
B: CH3CHO.
D: CH3COOH.
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14
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1
2
RCOOR' + NaOH
RCOONa + R'OH.
nRCOOH nR 'OH nRCOONa
VD1:
X + NaOH
X là este.
nRCOOH
nR 'OH
RCOONa + R'OH.
8
50
100
nRCOONa
0,1 (mol)
40
MRCOONa
MR 'OH
MR
29
MR '
15
9, 6
96
0,1
3, 2
32
0,1
R là C2H5 (etyl), R' là CH3 (metyl).
2H5COOCH3.
1
4
A) HCOOCH2CH2CH3.
C) CH3COOC2H5.
B) C2H5COOCH3.
D) HCOOCH(CH3)2.
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1
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2
A) C2H5COOCH3.
C) CH3COOC2H5.
B) C2H5COOC2H5.
D) HCOOC3H7.
A) CH3CH2COOCH3.
C) CH3COOCH=CH2.
B) CH2=CHCOOCH3.
D) CH3COOC2H5.
A) 8,56 gam.
C) 10,4 gam.
B) 3,28 gam.
D) 8,2 gam.
3
TOPPER. Chú ý
4
5
2H4O2.
A) 3,6.
B) 3,4.
C) 4,1.
6
D) 4,3.
4
A) CH2=CHCH2COOCH3.
C) CH3COOCH=CHCH3.
Cho 3,0 gam X tác
là 6,25. Cho 20 gam X tác
B) CH2=CHCOOCH2CH3.
D) CH3CH2COOCH=CH2.
7 Cho 8,8 gam este E (C4H8O2
A) propyl fomat.
C) metyl propionat.
B) etyl axetat.
D) isopropyl fomat.
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• TH1:
• TH2:
8
A) CH3COOCH3 và CH3COOC2H5.
B) C2H5COOCH3 và C2H5COOC2H5.
C) CH3COOC2H5 và CH3COOC3H7.
D) HCOOCH3 và HCOOC3H7.
A) CH3COOCH3 và CH3COOC2H5.
B) C2H5COOCH3 và C2H5COOC2H5.
C) CH3COOC2H5 và CH3COOC3H7.
D) HCOOC2H5 và HCOOC3H7.
A
A) 21 gam.
C) 17,6 gam.
B
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B) 22 gam.
D) 18,5 gam.
đơn
A) C2H5COOC2H5 và C3H7COOCH3.
B) C2H5COOCH3 và CH3COOC2H5.
C) HCOOC4H9 và CH3COOC3H7.
D) CH3COOC2H5 và HCOOC3H7.
3
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C
CH3COOCH3
A) 400 ml.
C) 150 ml.
B) 300 ml.
D) 200 ml.
A) 60 ml.
C) 600 ml.
B) 300 ml.
D) 120 ml.
2H5
và
2H5
và
D
E
CH3COOCH3
2SO4
A) 4,05.
B) 8,10.
C) 18,00.
o
D) 16,20.
F
2SO4
A) 12,6.
B) 6,3.
C) 11,2.
D) 5,6.
G
4H8O2
oC.
2SO4
A) 1,8.
B) 1,6.
C) 3,6.
Sau khi các
D) 2,7.
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R(COOR')a + aNaOH
R(COONa)a + aR'OH.
(RCOO)bR' + bNaOH
bRCOONa + R'(OH)b.
nNaOH
.
neste
VD2:
100
nNaOH
24
100
40
nNaOH
neste
0, 6 (mol)
(RCOO)3 R
(RCOO)3 R + 3NaOH
nRCOONa
nNaOH
0, 6 (mol)
3
R
to
3RCOONa + R'(OH)3
MRCOONa
43, 6
0, 6
72, 67
MR
5, 67
1
2
MR
2MR1
MR2
3
5, 67
2MR1
MR2
17
R1 và R2
3COOH.
H
A) RCOOR'.
C) (RCOOR')2.
B) (RCOO)2R'.
D) R(COOR')2.
A) RCOOR'.
C) (RCOOR')2.
B) (RCOO)2R'.
D) R(COOR')2.
I
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J
A) (COOCH3)2.
C) (CH2OCOC2H5)2.
B) (CH2OCOCH3)2.
D) CH2(CH2OCOCH3)2.
K
2
A) (COOCH3)2.
C) CH2(COOC2H5)2.
B) (COOC2H5)2.
D) (CH2COOC2H5)2.
L
6H10O4
A) CH3OCO–CH2–COOC2H5.
B) C2H5OCO–COOCH3.
C) CH3OCO–COOC3H7.
D) CH3OCO–CH2CH2–COOC2H5.
M
4H6O4
C4H6O4 + 2NaOH
A)
C)
2Z + Y
B)
D)
N
ì
l
A) 17,5.
B) 14,5.
C) 15,5.
D) 16,5.
O
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A) 132 gam.
C) 146 gam.
B) 118 gam.
D) 90 gam.
6
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