Mô tả:
Introduction of work measurement
Work and Time Studies
Vietnamese German University
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert
2016
http://mtm-international.org/the-globalstandard-in-work-measurement/
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 1
Course organization
Contents
Course organization
Schedule
Project work
Grades
Preparation
Introduction to work measurement
Objectives of work measurement
Purposes of work measurements
Work studies due to work improvements
Installation of work measurement
Self-recording
Course contents
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 2
Schedule
08:45 ‐
10:15
10:30 ‐
12:00
13:00 ‐
14:30
14:45 ‐
16:15
08:45 ‐
10:15
10:30 ‐
12:00
13:00 ‐
14:30
14:45 ‐
16:15
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
22.02.2016
23.02.2016
24.02.2016
25.02.2016
26.02.2016
Introduction
Activity and time types Stopwatch time study
Work sampling
Estimating and
comparing
Work sampling
Process analysis
Activity and time types Performance rating
Stopwatch time study
Predetermined time
standards
Predetermined time
standards
Activity and time types Stopwatch time study
Stopwatch time study
Process analysis
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
29.02.2016
01.03.2016
02.03.2016
03.03.2016
04.03.2016
Project
Project
Standard times
Standard times
Project presentation
Change management
Project presentation
Change management
Project presentation
Project
Project
The contents of the second
week
Projectwill be rearranged
Standard times
according to project needs.
You will be notified during this
Project week.
Project
Change management
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 3
Project work
Two time study projects will be done in teams and graded
Work sampling
Stopwatch time study
The final schedule and due dates will be
confirmed during this week.
Grades
Your grades will base on your project report and
presentation.
Positive class participation will be considered.
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 4
Project work
http://leanfactory.wixsite.com/l
eanfactory-vietnam/lean-factory
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 5
Project work
http://p7883.mittwaldserver.inf
o/en/about-us/fischer-asia/
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 6
Preparation
Work clothes for the projects
For working in the lab and the company: Please bring
workwear!
Safety shoes would be perfect – otherwise bring closed
shoes.
Trousers with long legs are recommended.
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 7
Preparation
REFA time app for smartphone or tablet
Please install the free version of the REFA Zeit app and bring
your device to class. You will need it for the time study in the
second project.
www.refa.de
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 8
Preparation
Regression calculations
In the course unit on standard time elements we will do
regression calculations. I will show the principle with MS Excel.
Please bring your computer to class and have MS Excel or an
equivalent software installed.
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 9
Introduction
Work measurement
Provides management with a method to measure the time
taken to perform an operation or series of operations
Technique to establish standard times for a qualified worker
to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance
Accurately established time standards can increase the
efficiency of the equipment and the optimal utilization of
personnel.
Salvendy 2001
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 11
Introduction
Benefits of work measurement
The establishment of reliable and accurate time standards
makes it possible for companies to define their capacity or
output, thus increasing the efficient use of equipment and
obtaining optimal utilization of personnel.
It can also be used to facilitate job design as a basis for e.g.
Comparing various methods of doing the job
Purchasing the most productive new equipment
Introducing sound production controls
Designing an efficient workplace layout
Balancing between work schedules and available manpower
Salvendy 2001
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 12
Introduction
Benefits of work measurement
Time standards can be used to investigate the difference
between actual and standard performance and take
appropriate action where necessary
Other benefits of establishing reliable time standards
Budgetary control
Development of incentive plans
Ensuring that quality specifications are met
Salvendy 2001
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 13
Introduction
Applications of work measurement
Compare the efficiency of alternative methods
Balance the work of team members so, that each member has
tasks taking an equal time to perform
Determine the number of machines an operator can run
Provide information for the planning and scheduling of
production, e.g.
Plant and labor requirements for carrying out the work
program
Utilization of available machine and labor capacity
Delivery promises
Provide information for labor cost control and enable standard
costs to be fixed and maintained
Provide information on which incentive plans can be based
Salvendy 2001
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 14
Introduction
Work studies due to work improvements
Time standards are always based on a specific working
method and working conditions. Work or process
improvements will directly affect the time taken. Then the
method needs to be reevaluated and the time standard
recalculated.
To ensure that the methods applied when the time study was
conducted are still being employed, regular audits should be
scheduled.
If a major modification in the method is observed e.g.
change in tools used
different sequence in operations
change in materials processed
change in process or approach
then a new detailed study must be performed.
Salvendy 2001
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 15
Introduction
Installation of work measurement
Successful installation of work measurement needs the full
support of management to commit the time and financial
resources necessary on a continuing basis.
Salvendy 2001
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 16
Self-recording
Motivation
The following results of self-recording in a medium-sized
plastics manufacturing enterprise show what kind of
information can be gained with a time study.
Definition of self recording
Self-recording is a self-report by the working person, that lists
the activities done. Then their durations and the frequency of
their occurrence is calculated based on the equipment used.
WS
3%
TE
8%
SF
14%
QW
1%
AV
9%
PL
14%
LQW
16%
GL/BL
21%
VK
12%
BH
2%
Bruder 2012
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 17
Self-recording
Example of a numerical self recording
Bruder 2012
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 18
Self-recording
Distribution of total work time
Customers 12%
Accounting 3%
Suppliers 9%
Contacts 25%
Production 38%
Organization 13%
Bruder 2012
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 19
Self-recording
Meetings and exchange of information
WS
SF
QW
3%
14%
1%
GL/BL
21%
TE
8%
VK
AV
12%
9%
PL
LQW
14%
16%
BH
WS
SF
QW
GL
BL
VK
BH
LQW
PL
AV
TE
Workshop
Shift leader
Quality assurance
Management
Plant management
Sales
Accounting
Line quality control
Production manager
Work preparation
Engineering
2%
Bruder 2012
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 20
Self-recording
Comparative profile of tasks related to contacts and
management of the managing director, plant director and office
of the executive
Administration
Public relations
Office of the executive
Plant director
Managing director
Preparation and follow up
of meetings
Meetings
Exchange of information
Bruder 2012
Dr.-Ing. Marlene Helfert | Work and Time Studies | 2016 | 21
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