Tài liệu Tense

The Present Simple Tense Form Ordinary Verb: (+) S + V(s/es) . (-) S + don’t/doesn’t + V . (?) Do/Does + S + V? Verb “to be”: (+) S + am/is/are + O . (-) S + am/is/are + not + O . (?) Am/is/are + S + O? Sign Usage Everyday, usually, often, never, hardly, in the morning, on Mondays, at weekends, in spring, summer,…… 1. Thói quen ở hiện tại. / Hành động thường xuyên xảy ra, các việc làm hằng ngày. Ex: I often go to school 5 times a week. 2. Thời khoá biểu, lịch trình Ex: The plane takes off at 4 a.m. on Monday. 3. Sự thật, chân lý hiển nhiên. Ex: Water freezes at 0 degree Celsius and boils at 100 degrees Celsius. The Present Continuous Tense Form (+) S + am/is/are + V-ing . (-) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing . (is not = isn’t / are not = aren’t) (?) Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing? Sign Usage Now, at the present, at the moment, at the time, Look! , Listen! , Be careful! , Hurry up! , today 1. Hành động có tính tạm thời hoặc hành động đang xảy ra ngay tại thời điểm nói. Ex: Now I am reading a novel. 2. Kế hoạch, sự sắp xếp cho tương lai gần. Ex: She is going to Hanoi tomorrow. 4. Dùng kèm với ALWAYS để diễn tả sự phàn nàn. Ex: He is always coming to class late. The Present Perfect Tense Form Sign Since + mốc thời gian (+) S + have/has + P2 . For + khoảng thời gian (S’ve / S’s -> ex: I’ve / She’s) Ever, already, so far, up to now, until now, lately, recently, yet (-) S + have not/has not + P2 . (haven’t / hasn’t) (?) Have/Has + S + P2? this is the first time/the second time Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc: 1. She already ( watch) this movie. Usage 1. Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể xảy ra trong tương lai. Ex: I haven’t met him for a long time. 2. Hành động vừa mới xảy ra. Ex: She has just woken up. 2. He (write) his report yet? 3. We (travel) to New York lately. 4. They (not give) his decision yet. 5. Tracy ( not see) her friend for 2 years. 6. I (be) to London three times. 7. It (rain) since I stopped my work. 8. This is the second time I (meet) him. 9. They (walk) for more than 2 hours. 10. You (get) married yet? Bài 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi sử dụng từ gợi ý trong ngoặc: 1. She started to live in Hanoi 2 years ago. (for) -> ………………………………………………… 2. He began to study English when he was young. (since) -> ………………………………………………… 3. I have never eaten this kind of food before. (This is) -> ………………………………………… 4. I have never seen such a beautiful girl before. (She is) -> ………………………………………… 5. This is the best novel I have ever read. (before) -> ………………………………………… The Past Simple Tense Form Sign (+) S + V-ed . 1. Hành động đã chấm dứt tại thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. S + was/were + O . (-) S + didn’t (did not) + V . Ex: I went to her house yesterday. 2. Một thói quen trong quá khứ. S + was not/were not + O . (wasn’t / weren’t) (?) Did + S + V? Was/Were + S + O? Verb (infinitive) Usage Yesterday, ago, last, at last. V (Past Simple) Ex: I often played soccer when I was a child. 3. Chuỗi hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ. Ex: He turned on his computer, then he checked his mail and went to sleep. V (Past Perfect – P2) Meaning 1 awake awoke awoken 2 be was / were been 3 beat beat beaten 4 become became become 5 begin began begun 6 bend bent bent 7 bet bet Bet 8 bid bid Bid 9 bite bit bitten 10 blow blew blown 11 break broke broken 12 bring brought brought 13 broadcast broadcast broadcast 14 build built built 15 burn burned/burnt burned/burnt 16 buy bought bought 17 catch caught caught 18 choose chose chosen 19 come came come 20 cost cost cost 21 cut cut Cut 22 dig dug dug 23 do did done 24 draw drew drawn 25 dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 26 drive drove driven 27 drink drank drunk 28 eat ate eaten 29 fall fell fallen 30 feel felt felt 31 fight fought fought 32 find found found 33 fly flew flown 34 forget forgot forgotten 35 forgive forgave forgiven 36 freeze froze frozen 37 get got Got 38 give gave given 39 go went gone 40 grow grew grown 41 hang hung hung 42 have had had 43 hear heard heard 44 hide hid hidden 45 hit hit Hit 46 hold held held 47 hurt hurt hurt 48 keep kept kept 49 know knew known 50 lay laid laid 51 lead led Led 52 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 53 leave left left 54 lend lent lent 55 let let Let 56 lie lay lain 57 lose lost lost 58 make made made 59 mean meant meant 60 meet met met 61 pay paid paid 62 put put Put 63 read read read 64 ride rode ridden 65 ring rang rung 66 rise rose risen 67 run ran Run 68 say said said 69 see saw seen 70 sell sold sold 71 send sent sent 72 show showed showed/shown 73 shut shut shut 74 sing sang sung 75 sit sat Sat 76 sleep slept slept 77 speak spoke spoken 78 spend spent spent 79 stand stood stood 80 swim swam swum 81 take took taken 82 teach taught taught 83 tear tore torn 84 tell told told 85 think thought thought 86 throw threw thrown 87 understand understood understood 88 wake woke woken 89 wear wore worn 90 win won won 91 write wrote written Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc. 1. My sister (get) married last month. 2. Daisy (come) to her grandparents’ house 3 days ago. 3. My computer (be ) broken yesterday. 4. He (buy) me a big teddy bear on my birthday last week. 5. My friend (give) me a bar of chocolate when I (be) at school yesterday. 6. My children (not do) their homework last night. 7. You (live) here five years ago? 8. They (watch) TV late at night yesterday. 9. Your friend (be) at your house last weekend? 10. They (not be) excited about the film last night. The Past Perfect Tense Form Usage (+) S + had + P2 . (S’d -> ex: I’d /He’d) (-) S + had not (hadn’t) + P2 . Hành động xảy ra TRƯỚC một hành động khác hoặc một thời điểm TRONG QUÁ KHỨ. (?) Had + S + P2 ? Ex: Before you came, she had gone to school. Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc. 1. They (come) …………….. back home after they (finish) ………………… their work. 2. She said that she ( meet) ……………………. Mr. Bean before. 3. Before he (go) ………………………….. to bed, he (read) ………………………… a novel. 4. He told me he (not/wear) ………………………… such kind of clothes before. 5. When I came to the stadium, the match (start) …………………………………. 6. Before she (listen) ………………….. to music, she (do)……………………. homework. 7. Last night, Peter (go) ………………….. to the supermarket before he (go) ………………… home. Bài 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi sử dụng từ gợi ý cho sẵn. 1. David had gone home before we arrived. - After ……………………………………………………………………………………. 2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops. - Before …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office. - When……………………………………………………………………………………. 4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work. - By the time ……………………………………………………………………………. 5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home. - Before ……………………………………………………………………………… The Simple Future Tense Form Sign 1. Ý định có ngay khi nói hoặc hành động có thể xảy ra ở tương lai không có dự định trước. (+) S + will + V(inf) . (-) S + will not + V(inf) . (will not = won’t) (?) Will + S + V(inf) ? (*) shall = will Usage Tomorrow, tonight, soon, next, someday, in the future Ex: She has a trouble. – I will help her. 2. Ý kiến, lời hứa, hy vọng, phát biểu về một hành động trong tương lai. (think, promise, hope, expect, …) Ex: I think it will rain tomorrow. The Near Future Tense Form Usage (+) S + am/is/are + going to + V(inf) . (-) S + am/is/are + NOT + going to + V(inf) . (?) Am/Is/Are + S + going to + V(inf) ? 1. Hành động, dự định, kế hoạch SẼ xảy ra trong tương lai. Ex: Where are you going to spend your holiday? 2. Dự đoán có căn cứ, có dẫn chứng cụ thể. Ex: Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain. Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc: 1. I love London. I (probably /go) there next year. 2. What (wear / you) at the party tonight? 3. I haven't made up my mind yet. But I think I (find) something nice in my mum's wardrobe. 4. I completely forget about this. Give me a moment, I (do) it now. 5. Tonight, I (stay) home. I've rented a video. 6. I feel dreadful. I (be) sick. 7. If you have any problem, I (help) you. 8. The weather forecast says it (not/ rain) tomorrow. 9. I promise that I (not/come) late. 10. Look at those clouds. It (rain) now. Bài 2: Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc. 1. I have bought two tickets. My wife and I ________________________ (see) a movie tonight. 2. Mary thinks Peter ________________________ (get) the job. 3. A: “I _________________________(move) from my house tomorrow. I have packed everything” B: “I _________________________ (come) and help you.” 4. If I have enough money, I _________________________ (buy) a new car. 5. I _________________________ (be) there at four o'clock, I promise. 6. The meeting _________________________ (take) place at 4 p.m. 7. If you eat all of that cake, you _________________________ (feel) sick. 8. They _________________________ (be) at home at 10 o'clock because their son is staying alone at home. 9. Perhaps she _________________________ (not / be) able to come tomorrow. 10. Because of the train delay, the meeting _____________(not / take) place at 10 o'clock. 11. If it rains, they _________________________ (not / go) to the seaside. 12. In my opinion, she _________________________ (fail) the exam. 13. He _________________________ ( sell) the car if he doesn’t have enough money to build a new house. 14. She is very tired, she _________________________ (take) a rest. 15. According to the weather forecast, it ____________________ (not / rain) this weekend. 16. If you lose your job, what ____________________ (you / do)? 17. In your opinion, ____________________ (she / be) a good teacher? 18. What time ____________________ (the sun / set) today? 19. Do you think she ____________________ ( get) the money from her boss? 20. ____________________(you/ take) the children to the cinema this weekend? I have seen some tickets on the table.