Tài liệu Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 thpt môn tiếng anh

Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT CHUYÊN ĐỀ I 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 6. Tenses ( Thêi cña ®éng tõ) Present Simple (HiÖn t¹i ®¬n) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh - I, you, we , they + V - He, she , it + V+s / V+es * Notes : - C¸c ®éng tõ kÕt thóc lµ sh, ch, ss, o, x th× sang ng«i he, she , it thªm es Eg : I wash  He washes I watch  He watches I go  He goes I miss  He misses - Sau c¸c phô ©m k, p, t s ®­îc ®äc lµ /s/ - Sau c¸c tr­êng hîp cßn l¹i s ®­îc ®äc lµ /z/ - Sau c¸c phô ©m sh, ch, ss, x ®u«i es ®­îc ®äc lµ iz - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ tËn cïng lµ phô ©m + y th× sang ng«i he, she, it y ®æi thµnh i tr­íc khi thªm es. Eg : I study  He studies - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ tËn cïng lµ nguyªn ©m + y, biÕn ®æi b×nh th­êng khi sang ng«i he, she, it. Eg: I play, he plays .... b. Phñ ®Þnh - I, we, you, they don't + V - He, she , it doesn't + V c. Nghi vÊn - Do I / you/ we / they + V ? - Does he/ she/ it +V? 2. The use. a. DiÔn t¶ møc ®é th­êng xuyªn diÔn ra cña hµnh ®éng ë hiÖn t¹i. Th­êng ®i víi always, usually, often , sometimes, occasionally (thØnh tho¶ng), rarely, seldom (hiÕm khi), never, everyday, every week.... once mét lÇn twice / 2 times a week/ a month/year hai lÇn mét tuÇn/ mét th¸ng/ mét n¨m 3 times .... ... ba lÇn Eg : - He usually goes to the cinema. - We clean our house everyday. - Lan washes clothes twice a week. b. DiÔn t¶ ®iÒu lu«n lu«n ®óng (sù thËt), hoÆc ®· ®óng trong mét kho¶ng thêi gian dµi. Eg : - Some animals don't eat during winter. ( Mét vµi loµi ®éng vËt kh«ng ¨n vµo mïa ®«ng) - We are Vietnamese. We speak Vietnamese. - He works in a bank. Exercise 1: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc: They (go) on holiday every winter. 7. Most people (not like) to visit a doctor. The days (be) longer in summer. She often (talk) to herself. Oak trees (grow) very slowly. My dog (not eat) vegetables. My brother (not like) animals. Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 1 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 8. In his job she usually (stand) . 9. My brother never (go) out in the evening. 10. He usually (work) with paints and brushes. 11. Do you know anyone who (speak) Italian? 12. At work he usually (sit) all day. 13. (you ever work) at the weekend? Exercise 2: §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gîi ý ®Æt c©u hái vµ tr¶ lêi Hans Huser is a ski-instructor. He is Swiss and he lives in Villars, a village in the mountains. In summer he works in a sports shop and in winter he teaches skiing. He speaks 4 languages : French, German, Italian and English. He is married and has two children. He plays football with them in his free time. He's happy with his family. 1/ What / Hans Huser / do ? 2/ Where/ he / come / from ? 3/ he / live / city ? 4/ Where / he / work / summer ? 5/ What / do / winter ? 6/ How many languages / he / speak ? 7/ he / single ? 8/ How many children / he / have ? 9/ What / he / do / free time ? 10/ he / happy / family ? Exercise 3: §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, ®iÒn mét tõ thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng , sau ®ã dïng tõ gîi ý ®Æt c©u hái vµ tr¶ lêi Alan is a lorry -driver. He's 25 years ...... He works five days ......... week. Every morning he gets up at 6 o'clock. He eats ......... enormous breakfast at 6.30. He ...... two cups of tea. Then he kisses ..... wife. He leaves for work at 7.30. He ..... lunch in a transport cafe. He ...... home at 5 o'clock. In the evening he goes to the pub. He goes to ........ at 10.30. 1/ What / Alan / do ? 2/ How many days / week / he work ? 3/ What time / he get up ? 4/ he / drink coffee / morning ? 5/ What time he / leave / work ? 6/ Where / he / have lunch ? 7/ he / go cinema / evening ? Present Continuous (HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh I am You/ We/ They are + V-ing He/ she/ it is b. Phñ ®Þnh S + to be + not + V-ing c. Nghi vÊn To be + S + V-ing ? *Notes : - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ kÕt thóc lµ mét nguyªn ©m e, tr­íc khi thªm ing ta bá e. Eg : have  having write  writing - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ 1 ©m tiÕt, 1 nguyªn ©m, kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m, tr­íc khi thªm ing ta gÊp ®«i phô ©m cuèi. Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 2 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT Eg : - sit  sitting - swim  swimming - C¸c ®éng tõ: die, lie, tie ... biÕn ®æi nh­ sau: die  dying, lie  lying, tie  tying 2. The use a. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng ®ang diÔn ra ë hiÖn t¹i, th­êng ®i víi at the moment, at present, now ( b©y giê , vµo lóc nµy ) Eg : - I'm cooking at the moment. b. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng t­¬ng lai ®· ®­îc s¾p xÕp s½n He is meeting his brother at the station tonight. (Anh ta sÏ ®ãn anh trai ë nhµ ga vµo tèi nay.) c. Thêi hiÖn t¹i TD ®i víi always khi ta muèn phµn nµn vÒ mét hµnh ®éng lÆp ®i lÆp l¹i. Eg : He's always losing his keys. (Anh ta cø lu«n ®¸nh mÊt ch×a khãa) * Notes : Mét sè ®éng tõ kh«ng th­êng dïng ë d¹ng tiÕp diÔn : be, understand, think (cho r»ng), know, hear, love, like , stop , feel, smell, taste, sound .... Exercise 1: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc: 1. What's that noise? Somebody (practise) the piano. 2. She (have) a shower at the moment. 3. Right now she (run) down a hill. 4. I'm looking at that woman, she (wear) a nice dress. 5. 'Where is Kate?' 'She (watch) TV in the living room.' 6. Don't bother me now. I ______________. (to work) 7. Take an umbrella. It ______________.(to rain) 8. - Where's Jim? - He ______________ with friends.(to stay) Exercise 2: §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gîi ý ®Æt c©u hái vµ tr¶ lêi It's a Sunday morning. The sun is shining. Mary is watching TV in her room. Her father is reading newspapers. Her mother is cooking in the kitchen. Mary has got a dog. It is playing with a cat in the garden. It's a nice dog and Mary loves it very much. 1/ sun / shine ? 2/ What Mary / do / now ? 3/ father / read / newspapers ? 4/ What / mother / do ? 5/ What / dog / do ? 6/ Mary / love / dog ? Exercise 3: §äc l¸ th­ sau dïng tõ gîi ý ®Æt c©u hái vµ tr¶ lêi Dear Tom, Now I'm in Rio. I'm staying in a big hotel. It's very beautiful but expensive. In the morning I usually go to the beach. I sometimes go shopping in the afternoon. There are a lot of goods but I don't have much money. In the evening I usually stay in my room and watch TV. At the moment, I'm eating a delicious cake and writing this letter to you. Tomorrow I'm going to the Trade Exhibition in the city centre. Well, let me stop now, Give my love to everyone. Love, Susan 1. Where / Susan / stay ? 2. Where / she / go / morning ? 3. What / she / do / evening ? 4. What / she / do / at the moment ? Exercise 4: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ Hello, this is Dr Smith's office. Who (speak) ? Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 3 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 2/ Hurry up ! The train (come). 3/ It is a lovely day. The sun (shine) and the birds (sing). 4/ The Earth (go) round the Sun. 5/ Some animals (not eat) during the winter. 6/ - What Oanh (do) at the moment ? - She (cook). She usually (cook) dinner for her family. 7/ In the evening he often (play) chess with his door neighbour. 8/ They (build) a new hospital in my town now. 9/ My father always (have) a rest after lunch. 10/ She's very lazy. She never (wash) the floor. 11/ Look at those boys ! They (hurry) home after school. 12/ Your mother usually (catch) the 8.10 bus ? 13/ Your sister (wait) for her friend at the station now? 14/ He usually (smile) at his wife when he (come) home. 15/ - Mrs Lan (use) the computer now ? - Yes, she usually (use) it for her work. 16/ Minh sometimes (miss) his bus. 17/ My uncle often (watch) TV in the evening. But right now he (write) a letter . 18/- They (have) breakfast now ? - No, they (sleep) 19/ My father always (relax) at the weekend. 20/ You can't see Tom now. He (have) a bath. 21/ Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it. 22/ I'm busy at the moment. I (redecorate) the room. 23/ The kettle (boil) now. Shall I make the tea ? 24/ I don't want to go out now because it (rain) and I (not have) an umbrella. Simple Past (Qu¸ khø ®¬n) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh - §éng tõ cã qui t¾c : V-ed Eg : - work  worked - clean  cleaned * Notes : - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ mét ©m tiÕt, mét nguyªn ©m, kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m th× tr­íc khi thªm ed ta gÊp ®«i phô ©m cuèi. Eg : -stop  stopped - drop  dropped - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ kÕt thóc lµ phô ©m + y , tr­íc khi thªm ed ta ®æi y thµnh i. Eg : - study - studied - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ kÕt thóc lµ nguyªn ©m + y, biÕn ®æi b×nh th­êng. Eg: - play - played - Nh÷ng ®éng tõ kÕt thóc lµ e th× chØ thªm d : Eg : - arrive  arrived *C¸ch ®äc ®u«i ed : - §u«i ed ®­îc ®äc lµ /id/ khi ®øng sau t vµ d : Eg : wanted needed - §u«i ed ®­îc ®äc lµ / t / khi ®øng sau k, p, sh, ch, ss, x Eg : - stopped, washed, watched, missed, fixed, cooked ... - §u«i ed ®­îc ®äc lµ d sau c¸c tr­êng hîp cßn l¹i - §éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c : - see  saw - get  got Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 4 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT - do  did - have  had - be  was / were S + didn't + V Did + S + V ? b.Phñ ®Þnh : c. Nghi vÊn : 2. The use * Thêi qu¸ khø ®¬n diÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø cã thêi ®iÓm râ rµng : - yesterday - last night (tèi h«m qua ) week ( tuÇn tr­íc ) month ( th¸ng tr­íc ) year ( n¨m tr­íc ) - 2 ... days ago (hai ... ngµy/ tuÇn .... tr­íc ®©y) weeks Eg: - We played football yesterday. * §i víi when trong c©u hái vÒ hµnh ®éng trong qu¸ khø Eg : - When did you see him ? - I saw him this morning. Exercise : Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ Minh (be) very tired when I (see) him yesterday. 2/ My father usually (work) 8 hours a day, but yesterday he (start) at 9.00 a.m and (finish) at 9.00 p.m. 3/ It usually (rain) a lot in summer but it (rain) a little last summer. 4/ -When John (leave) home ? -He (leave) 5 minutes ago. 5/ What you (do) last Sunday ? - I (have) a holiday in New York. Exercise : §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gîi ý ®Æt c©u hái vµ tr¶ lêi Last year David went to Barcelona for his holiday. He went by air and stayed in a big hotel in the city centre. He stayed there for 5 days. When he was there, he visited many beautiful places in Barcelona. He took many photographs and bought a lot of souvenirs for his friends. He enjoyed the holiday very much. 1/ When / David / go / Barcelona ? 2/ How long / stay ? 3/ How / he / go / Barcelona? 4/ Where / he / stay ? 5/ he / take / a lot / photographs ? 6/ What / he / buy ? Past Continuous (Qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh : S + was + V-ing were b. Phñ ®Þnh: S + wasn't + V-ing weren't c. Nghi vÊn : Was + S + V-ing ? Were 2. The use a. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng ®ang diÔn ra t¹i mét thêi ®iÓm trong qu¸ khø. Th­êng ®i víi at 2 o'clock / at this time ...... yesterday (Vµo lóc 2 giê / thêi ®iÓm ...... nµy ngµy h«m qua ) Eg : - They were swimming at 8 a.m yesterday. b. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng ®ang diÔn ra trong qu¸ khø th× cã mét hµnh ®éng kh¸c (thêi qu¸ khø ®¬n) x¶y tíi. Trong c¸c c©u nµy th­êng cã While , As (Trong khi), When (Khi, trong khi) Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 5 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT Eg : - While I was going home, I saw an accident. (T«i thÊy tai n¹n trong khi ®ang vÒ nhµ) As When - Mai was cooking when I came. (Khi t«i ®Õn Mai ®ang nÊu n­íng) - When I came Mai was cooking. c. §i víi all yesterday morning.... Eg : - They were dancing all yesterday morning. (Hä khiªu vò c¶ buæi s¸ng) d. While ®­îc sö dông trong c©u cã 2 hµnh ®éng ë thêi qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn Eg : While I was reading, my sister was listening to music. ( Trong khi t«i ®ang ®äc s¸ch th× chÞ t«i l¹i nghe nh¹c) Exercise : Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep) . 2/ The light (go) out while we (have) dinner. 3/ The last time I (see) him, he (wear) a grey suit. 4/ Just as I (leave) , a student (stop) me in the hall 5/ Nam (play) football when he (break) his leg. 6/ We (drink) a lot of beer at the party the day before yesterday. 7/ They (build) a new bridge when I was there 2 months ago. 8/ He (sit) in a cafe when I saw him. 9/ My company (make) a lot of profits 5 years ago. 10/ What you (do) when I phoned you on Monday ? 11/ While the two thieves (argue), someone (steal) their car. 12/ When he was a boy at school, Edison (ask) a lot of questions. The teacher (think) he was stupid and she (send) him home. Edison's mother (teach) her son at home and he (begin) to carry out a lot of experiments. 13/ - You (visit) the zoo yesterday ? - Yes, I did. When I (go) there, I (see) our teacher. 14/ Who (invent) the radio ? Date of teaching: Present Perfect (HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh : I / you / we / they + have + PII He / she / it + has b. Phñ ®Þnh : S + haven't + PII hasn't c. Nghi vÊn : Have + S + PII ? Has * PII : Ph©n tõ 2 (ph©n tõ qu¸ khø): - Lµ d¹ng qu¸ khø ®¬n cña ®éng tõ cã qui t¾c. - §éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c : Eg : - go - went - gone - do - did - done 2. The use a. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng võa míi x¶y ra, ®i víi just Eg : - I've just cleaned my house. (T«i võa míi lau nhµ) b. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng ®· x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø nh­ng kh«ng nh¾c tíi thêi ®iÓm x¶y ra cña hµnh ®éng. Eg : - I've lost my key. (T«i ®· bÞ mÊt ch×a khãa) Kh¸c víi c©u I lost my key yesterday. (T«i ®· mÊt ch×a khãa h«m qua ) c.DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng ®· diÔn ra trong kho¶ng thêi gian vÉn cßn lµ hiÖn t¹i today, this week / month... Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 6 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT Eg : - Have you seen Lan today ? - No, I haven't. - There have been 3 accidents here this month. (§· cã 3 tai n¹n ë ®©y vµo th¸ng nµy) d. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng ®· x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø nh­ng thêi ®iÓm kh«ng râ rµng, ®i víi already (®· råi), recently, lately (gÇn ®©y), before (tr­íc kia). Eg : - He's already done his homework. - I've seen this film 3 times before. (T«i ®· 3 lÇn xem bé phim nµy tr­íc ®©y) e. Dïng víi yet (ch­a, vÉn ch­a) trong c©u hái vµ c©u phñ ®Þnh. Eg : - Have you met your new teacher yet ? - No, we haven't met her yet. f. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu trong qu¸ khø vµ kÐo dµi ®Õn hiÖn t¹i , ®i víi since, for, up to now , so far (cho tíi b©y giê), - for + kho¶ng thêi gian Eg : - My brother has been a doctor for ten years now. (Anh t«i ®· lµ b¸c sÜ ®­îc 10 n¨m) - since + mèc thêi gian Eg : - We haven't met each other since we left school. (Chóng t«i ®· kh«ng gÆp nhau kÓ tõ khi chóng t«i ra tr­êng ) -Up to now / So far we have visited 3 countries in the world. (Cho tíi b©y giê chóng t«i ®· th¨m 3 n­íc trªn thÕ giíi.) g. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi ever (®· tõng), never (ch­a bao giê) - ever ®i víi c©u hái vµ c©u kh¼ng ®Þnh Eg : - Have you ever read this book ? ( CËu ®· tõng ®äc cuèn s¸ch nµy ch­a ?) -No, I've never read it. (T«i ch­a bao giê ®äc nã) - This is the most interesting film I've ever seen.( §©y lµ bé phim hay nhÊt mµ t«i ®· tõng xem) h. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi in the past 2/ 3 .... years/ months .... ( Trong 2/3 th¸ng/ n¨m qua) . for last Eg : -There have been a lot of changes in our town in the last 2 years. (§· cã nhiÒu ®æi thay ë thÞ trÊn chóng t«i trong 2 n¨m qua) i. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi This is the first, second, third ...... time ( §©y lµ lÇn ®Çu tiªn, lÇn thø hai ......) Eg : - This is the first time I've tasted this food. (§©y lµ lÇn ®Çu tiªn t«i ®­îc nÕm mãn ¨n nµy) = I've never tasted this food before. (Tr­íc ®©y t«i ch­a bao giê ¨n mãn nµy) k. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi ages for months (®· l©u råi) a long time Eg : - I haven't seen my sister for ages. (§· l©u råi t«i kh«ng gÆp chÞ g¸i t«i) = It's ages since I last saw my sister. (§· l©u råi kÓ tõ lÇn cuèi cïng t«i gÆp chÞ g¸i t«i) Exercise : Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ My wife and I (be) there several times in the past. 2/ We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far. 3/ He (visit) his friends recently. 4/ - You (see) her today ? - No, I haven't seen her yet. 5/ She (do) her homework already. 6/ They never (go) to the cinema in their life. 7/ Tom, I (not see) you for ages ! Where have you been ? 8/ He is the most kind-hearted man I ever (meet). 9/ There (be) 3 accidents on this street in the past 3 days. Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 7 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 10/ Is this the first time you (visit) our beautiful country ? 11/ Scientists (find) cures for many illnesses in the last 50 years. 12/ My uncle's health (improve) since he (leave) India. 13/ I (buy) a new shirt last week but I (not wear) it yet. 14/ I (not see ) Lan since we (leave) school. 15/ We just (move) to a new house but we (be) dissatisfied with it. Present Perfect Continuous (HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh : S + have/ has + been + V-ing b. Phñ ®Þnh : S + haven't / hasn't + been + V-ing c. Nghi vÊn : Have / Has + S + been + V-ing ? 2. The use a. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn diÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu tõ trong qu¸ khø kÐo dµi liªn tôc cho tíi hiÖn t¹i vµ võa chÊm døt ë ®ã . Eg : - He's very tired now. He has been walking for 2 hours. (B©y giê anh Êy rÊt mÖt. Anh Êy ®· ®i bé 2 tiÕng ®ång hå) b. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn diÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu tõ trong qu¸ khø kÐo dµi liªn tôc cho tíi hiÖn t¹i vµ cßn diÔn ra trong t­¬ng lai. - I've been waiting for my friend since 2 o'clock. He hasn't arrived yet. (T«i ®· ®îi b¹n tõ lóc 2 giê. CËu Êy vÉn ch­a ®Õn) c. Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn dïng ví c©u hái How long, Since when Eg : - How long have you been living here ? (Anh ®· sèng ë ®©y ®­îc bao l©u råi ?) - I've been living here for 12 years. = I started living here 12 years ago. (T«i b¾t ®Çu sèng ë ®©y 12 n¨m tr­íc ®©y.) Exercise 1: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ - How long you (learn) English ? - I (learn) English for 5 years. 2/ - Where is Peter ? - He (be) in his room. He (sleep). He (sleep) since 2 o'clock. 3/ They (live) here for 20 years now. 4/ Look ! Her eyes are red and wet. She (cry). 5/ The boy is tired. He (run) for two hours. 6/ You look tired! Yes I (work) _____very hard. 7/ Where's the magazine I gave you? What (you do) _____________________ with it? 8/ We (have) ____ the same car for twelve years. 9/ This room was white. Now it is blue. He (paint) _____________________ it. 10/ This is the first time I (drive) _____________ a car. Thanks for lending me your car. 11/ These shoes are nice and clean. (you clean) _____________________ them? 12/ Sorry I'm late. (you wait) __________ long? 13/ Somebody (steal) _____________________ my keys. They are not on the table. 14/ Mary is still watching TV. She (watch) _____________________ TV all day. 15/ Look! Somebody (spill) ______________ wine on the floor. Past Perfect (Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh : S + had + V(p.p) b. Phñ ®Þnh : S + hadn't + V(p.p) c. Nghi vÊn : Had + S + V(p.p) ? 2. The use * Thêi qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh diÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng x¶y ra tr­íc mét hµnh ®éng qu¸ khø hoÆc mét thêi ®iÓm qu¸ khø kh¸c . Th­êng ®i víi after, before, when, by the time (cho tíi khi), as soon as ( ngay sau khi) Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 8 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT Eg : - After he had done his homework, he went to the cinema. ( Sau khi nã lµm xong bµi tËp, nã ®i xem phim.) = Before he went to the cinema, he had done his homework. - When I got there, they had gone home. (Khi mµ t«i tíi ®ã, hä ®· vÒ nhµ råi.) - When he had sung his song, he sat down. (Khi anh ta h¸t xong, anh ta ngåi xuèng) - By the time we got to the station, the train had already left. ( Cho tíi khi chóng t«i tíi ga, tµu ®· ch¹y råi) Exercise : Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ After her husband (get) home, she started to wash the clothes. 2/ When they reached France, they (visit) 13 countries. 3/ When she (arrive) at his house, she (find) that he (leave) a few minutes before. 4/ Before Mr Ron met me, he (do) nothing. 5/ Yesterday I was sorry that I (hurt) him. 6/ They (tell) her that they (not meet ) her before. 7/ When she (realise) her mistakes, she apologised. 8/ When I (meet) my cousin 2 weeks ago, he told me that he just (return) from the South. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE ( Thêi t­¬ng lai ®¬n )(will/ shall) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh S + will / shall + V b. Phñ ®Þnh S + won't / shan't + V c. C©u hái Will/ Shall + S + V ? * Notes : - Will ®­îc dïng víi tÊt c¶ c¸c ng«i. Shall th­êng dïng víi ng«i I , we. 2. The use : - Thêi t­¬ng lai ®¬n diÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng t­¬ng lai ®¬n thuÇn. Eg : - I'll do it tomorow. (I'll = I will) ( T«i sÏ lµm viÖc nµy vµo ngµy mai) - He'll come here soon. (Ch¼ng mÊy chèc nã sÏ tíi ®©y) - Our exam will be in two weeks. (Kú thi cña chóng t«i sÏ diÔn ra trong 2 tuÇn n÷a) - They won't help you. - Will you buy it ? - Yes, I will/ No, I won't. * Will cßn ®­îc sö dông trong lêi yªu cÇu, lêi mêi Eg : - Will you please get it for me ? (Yªu cÇu) - Yes, certainly/ OK / of course. - Will you come to my party ? (Lêi mêi) * Will ®­îc sö dông khi ®­a ra lêi høa Eg : - I will pay you tomorrow. ( T«i sÏ tr¶ cËu vµo ngµy mai) * Shall ®­îc sö dông trong lêi gîi ý Eg : - Shall we go to the zoo this afternoon ? ( ChiÒu nay chóng ta ®i v­ên thó chø ?) * Shall ®­îc dïng trong lêi ®Ò nghÞ gióp ®ì Eg : - Shall I do it for you ? ( §Ó t«i gióp cËu nhÐ) NEAR FUTURE (Thêi t­¬ng lai gÇn, t­¬ng lai dù ®Þnh (Be going to)) 1. Form a. Kh¼ng ®Þnh S + be going to + V b. Phñ ®Þnh S + be + not + going to + V c. Nghi vÊn Be + S + going to + V ? - Are you going to work in France next month ? - Yes, I am / No, I'm not. 2. The use a. DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng t­¬ng lai ®· lªn kÕ ho¹ch tõ tr­íc. Eg : - He's going to get married next month.(Anh Êy sÏ c­íi vî vµo th¸ng sau) b.DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng s¾p x¶y ra trong t­¬ng lai gÇn .Eg : - Look at those clouds ! It's going to rain. (Nh×n nh÷ng ®¸m m©y k×a ! Trêi s¾p m­a ®Êy !) Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 9 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT * So s¸nh Will vµ Be going to - Be going to chØ hµnh ®éng t­¬ng lai cã dù ®Þnh. Eg : - I'm going to England for my holiday next week. - Will chØ hµnh ®éng t­¬ng lai bÊt chît, kh«ng ®­îc dù tÝnh tõ tr­íc. Eg : - Our teacher is ill. (ThÇy gi¸o bÞ èm ®Êy) - Is he ? I'll visit him this afternoon (ThÕ µ ? ChiÒu nay tí sÏ th¨m thÇy. ) Exercise 1: Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ - Hai has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg. - I'm sorry to hear that. I (visit) him. 2/ Look at those clouds. It (rain). 3/ What are you going to do with that dress ? - I (shorten) it. 4/ I've hired a typerwriter and I (learn) to type. 5/ Listen to this ! I think this news (surprise) you. 6/ Tom, when you (get) married, this month or next month ? 7/ - What you (do) next week ? - I (visit) my grandparents. Exercise for Revision : Chia ®éng tõ trong ngoÆc ë ®óng thêi 1/ Roy (come) from New York. He (live) in California now. He (study) marketing. He has earned a lot of money and just (buy) a car. He (drive) his car to his friend in the countryside yesterday. While he (drive) there, he (see) a train accident.... 2/ Mr Baker (work) as an engineer. He (be) an engineer since 1985. He (have) 2 children. They (study) abroad now. 3/ I never (meet) anyone famous yet. Have you ? - Yes, I (have). I (meet) Elton John in New York in 1988 and we (talk) to each other a lot. 4/ In the evening I often (play) chess with my door neighbour. I (play) chess with him ever since I (come) to live here ten years ago. He (be) here all his life. He (inherit) the house from his father, another great chess player. 5/ Alice (be) 18 years old and she (come) from England. She is now in Hanoi and (study) Vietnamese. She (arrive) in Hanoi in January, so she (be) there for 6 months. Next month she (go) to Hue. 6/ When I was young I (want) ______ to be a pilot. 7/ Who (you wait) __________ for when I arrived? 8/ - You (see) ________________ Jane last night? - Yes. She (wear) ____ her new jacket when I saw her. 9/ By the time we got to the cinema the film ____(to start), so we missed the first five minutes10/ When I rang the bell there was no answer. The neighbour told me that they (to go out) about half an hour ago. BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense: 1. Mr.Tuan always (go) to work by bus. 2. We (staìt) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … éïì neñ scâééæ yeaì æast méntâ. 3. Sâe (ìeceãve) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … âeì êen êaæ’s æetteì tâãs méìnãná. 4. It (nét ìaãn) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . ãn tâe dìy seasén. 5. Lan (taåe) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … âeì yéïnáeì bìétâeì té tâe ôéé æast Sïnday. 6. I (æãve) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … âeìe sãnce I ñas béìn. 7. Tâey (áãve) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … me tâe æetteì a àeñ mãnïtes aáé. 8. Wâen I sañ âãm, âe (sãt) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . asæeeê ãn a câaãì. 9. Wâat yéï (dé) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … at 7 ê.m yesteìday? 10. My bìétâeì (ñìãte) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … seveìaæ êæays. 11. We (æeaìn) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Enáæãsâ néñ. 12. He (ñìãte) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … a æéná néveæ at êìesent. Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 10 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 13. Wây dãdn’t yéï æãsten ñâãæe I (sêeaå) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … té yéï? 14. Wâeìe aìe yéï? – I’m ïêstaãìs. I (âave) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … a batâ. 15. Yéï (âave) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … bìeaåàast yet? 16. My æãttæe sãsteì (dìãnå) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … mãæå eveìy day. 17. Tâe déctéì sémetãmes (ìetïìn) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … âéme æate. 18. Tâey (âave) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … æïncâ ãn tâe caàeteìãa néñ. 19. Tâey éàten (tâanå) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … me àéì ñâat I dé àéì tâem. 20. Hãs ïncæe (teacâ) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Enáæãsâ ãn éïì scâééæ àãve yeaìs aáé. 21. Tâey (nét áé) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … té tâe mévães æast Sïnday. 22. Yéï (àãnd) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … my êen yesteìday? 23. Tâe æãáât (áé) … … … … … … … … … … éït ñâen ñe (stïdy) … … … … … … … … … … … .éïì æessén. 24. Tâeìe (be) … … … … … … … … … … … … an Enáæãsâ cæass ãn tâãs ìéém téméììéñ evenãná. 25. Tâey (êaãnt) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … tâe scâééæ áate ñâen ñe came. 26. Tâey (bïãæd) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … a neñ scâééæ ãn tâãs aìea neòt yeaì. 27. My bìétâeì (ñéìå) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ãn tâãs àactéìy àéì many yeaìs. 28. Tâe câãædìen (êæay) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … sécceì at 4 é’cæécå yesteìday. 29. I (see) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Náa at tâe bïs stéê eveìy méìnãná. 30. Wâat yéï (dé) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … æast nãáât? 31. It (be) … … … … … … … … … .… ..éàten âét ãn tâe sïmmeì. 32. My métâeì ñent té tâe sïêeìmaìået yesteìday, bït sâe (nét bïy) … … … anytâãná. 33. Nam and Ba (êæay) … … … … … … … … … … … . sécceì at êìesent. 34. My àamãæy (áé) … … … … … … … .… … … … . Da Lat neòt sïmmeì. 35. I’d æãåe (teææ) … … … … … ..… … … … yéï sémetâãná abéït my àamãæy. 36. Sâe needs (eat) … … … … .… … … … . a æét éà veáetabæes and àìïãt. 37. Pæease dén’t maåe sé mïcâ néãse. I (stïdy)… … … … … … … … … … … .. 38. Tâe ñateì (béãæ) … … … … … … … … … … … at 100 deáìees Ceæsãïs. 39. Lééå! Sémebédy (cæãmb) … … … … … … … … ïê tâat tìee éveì tâeìe. 40. I (nét see) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … âeì sãnce æast ñeeå. 41. Héñ æéná yéï (ånéñ) … … … … … … … … … … … … … . Tém? 42. Héa (bïìn) … … … … … … … … âeì âand ñâen sâe (cééå) … … … … … … ..… … . Tâe dãnneì. 43. Wâãæe ñe (cìéss) … … … … … … .… .tâe stìeet, tâe êéæãceman (sâéït) … … … … ..… … .at ïs. 44. Wâat yéï (dé) … … … … … … … … … … … … at tâãs tãme yesteìday? 45. I âéêe ãt (nét ìaãn) … … … … … … … … ñâen ñe (staìt) … … … … … … … .eaìæy téméììéñ. 46. My sãsteì (êæay) … … … … … … … … … tâe êãané sãnce sâe (be) … … … … … … … .a câãæd. 47. I (neveì àéìáet) … … … … … … … … … .ñâat yéï (äïst teææ) … … … … … … … … … … .me. 48. He (æeave) … … … … .âéme tñé ñeeås aáé and ñe (nét âeaì) … … … … … … àìém âãm sãnce. 49. Sâe (ñãn) … … … … … … … … … .tâe áéæd medaæ ãn 2004. 50. Wâãæe yéï (êæay) … … … … … … … ..tâe áïãtaì, I (ñìãte) … … … … … … … … .a æetteì. G. WISH SENTENCES: - Dùng để diễn tả những ước muốn, những điều không có thật ở hiện tại. Hình thức: S + WISH / WISHES + S + V2/V-ed / were - Dïø ná ñeådãeãn taûnâö õná ö ôùc mïéán, nâö õná ñãeàï åâéâná céù tâaät ôû tươná æaã. Hình thức: S + WISH / WISHES + S + WOULD + INF * Gâã chú: “Past Sïbäïnctãve” ñö ôïc áéïã æaøëïaù åâö ùbaø ná tâaùã vaøñö ôïc dïøná nâö tâì ëïaù åâö ù ñôn. Vôùã ñéäná tö ø“Té be” ta dïø ná “ñeìe” câé taát caûcaùc câïû náö õ. Eò: He ñãsâes he were a déctéì. 11 Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT I ñãsâ I céïæd sêeaå Enáæãsâ àæïentæy. Baøi taäp: * Write sentences beginning with “I wish… ” 1. I don’t have time to study. 2. I can’t answer the questions. 3. We aìe nét æãvãná ãn Léndén. 4. Náa ãs nét âeìe. 5. Tâey dén’t stay ãn Da Lat. 6. Maã déesn’t ånéñ many êeéêæe ãn tâe téñn. 7. I’m séììy I can’t áé té tâe êaìty. 8. Heì ñéìå ãsn’t áéãná ñeææ. 9. Tâey ñãææ æeave Fìance neòt ñeeå. 10. I’m séììy âe áets ïê sé æate. 11. It’s a êãty ñe dén’t ånéñ ñâeìe ñe aìe. 12. It’s a êãty ñe âaven’t a ånãàe. 13. I’m séììy I dén’t ånéñ ñâeìe yéï aìe stayãná. 14. Náa may maåe a æét éà mãstaåes. 15. My àamãæy âas té méve té Laná Sén. 16. I’m séììy I can’t âeæê yéï. 17. Tâe stïdents åeeê taæåãná aææ tâe tãme. 18. Tâe tãcåets aìe téé eòêensãve. 19. I’m séììy my àìãends aìe êééì. 20. I sêeaå Enáæãsâ badæy. 21. He can’t sñãm as ñeææ as âãs àìãends. 22. Sâe âas té ñéìå én Sïnday eveìy ñeeå. 23. Tâey aìe aàìaãd éà áâésts and ménsteìs. 24. I dén’t ånéñ mïcâ abéït âãm. CHUYÊN ĐỀ II: Adjectives - Adverbs ( TÝnh tõ - Tr¹ng tõ) 1/ So s¸nh vÒ cÊu t¹o Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 12 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT Adv = Adj + ly Eg : - quick - quickly (nhanh) - slow - slowly (chËm) - careful - carefully ( cÈn thËn) - bad - badly (kÐm, tåi) * L­u ý : + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ cã tËn cïng lµ y biÕn ®æi nh­ sau : - happy - happily ( h¹nh phóc, vui vÎ) - easy - easily (dÔ) - lazy - lazily (l­êi) + Nh÷ng tr­êng hîp kh«ng theo qui t¾c : - good - well ( tèt) - fast - fast (nhanh) - late - late (muén) - much - much ( nhiÒu) - hard - hard ( ch¨m chØ) - early - early (sím) - far - far (xa) 2/ So s¸nh vÒ c¸ch sö dông * Adj : + §øng tr­íc danh tõ (n) : Eg : - He is a careful driver. ( Anh Êy lµ mét l¸i xe cÈn thËn) + §øng sau ®éng tõ to be : Eg : - He is careful. ( Anh Êy cÈn thËn) * Adv : - §øng sau ®éng tõ th­êng : Eg : - He drives carefully.( Anh Êy l¸i xe cÈn thËn) Exercise : Chän tõ ®óng trong sè hai tõ trong ngoÆc : 1. John is reading (careful / carefully). 2. He is a (slow / slowly) learner. 3. Maria Elena speaks Spanish ( fluently / fluent) 4. Rita plays the violin ( good / well). 5. He was working ( hard / hardly). 6. The sun is ( bright / brightly) today. 7. She's a ( fast / fastly ) swimmer. 8. You can do this exercise (easily/ easy). Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1. Mr Hai is a bad driver.  Mr Hai drives ..................................................................... 2. She is a careless driver. She ..................................................................................... 3. Hoa is a fast typist.  Hoa ........................................................................................ 4. Mary dances marvellously.  Mary is ........................................................................ 5. Celine Dion sings well.  Celine Dion is ..................................................................... 6. Lien is a good English speaker.  Lien speaks ............................................................ 7. Mr Linh is a hard worker.  Mr Linh ............................................................................ 8. Minh is a fast swimmer.  Minh swims ........................................................................ 9. My father drives well.  My father is ............................................................................ 10. He runs quickly.  He is ........................................................................................... 11. Lan is a bad English speaker.  Lan speaks............................................................... 12. Mrs Young is a very slow typist.  Mrs Young types ................................................ Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 13 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 13. My mother cooks well.  My mother ........................................................................ Exercise : §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gîi ý ®Æt c©u hái vµ tr¶ lêi: Carol Stuart is a good student. She is studying chemistry. She can play the piano and the guitar very well. She is a very good cook and swimmer. She speaks Russian and French perfectly. She is beautiful, too. 1. Carol / good / bad student ? 2. What / she / study ? 3. How / she / play / piano / guitar ? 4. She / cook / well ? 5. She / swim / well ? 6. How / she / speak Russian / French ? 7. She / beautiful ? CHUYÊN ĐỀ III COMPARISONS ( So s¸nh ) A/ So s¸nh TÝnh tõ I/ So s¸nh ngang b»ng * MÉu c©u : S + to be + as + adj + as + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (®¹i tõ) Eg : - Nam is as quick as Hai. - They are as happy as we are. us. * L­u ý :- Trong c©u phñ ®Þnh ta cã thÓ dïng so thay cho as : Eg : - Mai isn't as tall as her brother. = Mai isn't so tall as her brother. Exercise 1 : Dïng tõ gîi ý ®Ó viÕt c©u ë d¹ng so s¸nh ngang b»ng : 1. Ha Noi / noisy / Ho Chi Minh City. 2. Today / cold / yesterday. 3. My bag / expensive / his. 4. Their house / big / our house. 5. I / not / tired / yesterday. 6. this pen / good / that one ? 7. Her shoes / cheap / mine. II/ Comparative ( So s¸nh h¬n ) 1/ Short adj (TÝnh tõ ng¾n) TÝnh tõ ng¾n lµ tÝnh tõ cã mét ©m tiÕt : Eg : - big, cold, hot, tall .... MÉu c©u : S + to be + adj + er + than + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (®¹i tõ) Eg : - Hoa is taller than I am. = I'm not as tall as Hoa (is). me. - It was colder yesterday than (it is) today. * L­u ý : + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m, tr­íc khi thªm er, ph¶i gÊp ®«i phô ©m cuèi. Eg : - big - bigger - hot - hotter + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ e , chØ thªm r : Eg : - large - larger + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ 2 ©m tiÕt , kÕt thóc lµ y, ®­îc biÕn ®æi nh­ sau : Eg : - happy - happier - pretty - prettier (®Ñp) Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 14 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT - lazy - lazier ( l­êi) Exercise 1: Dïng tõ gîi ý ®Ó viÕt c©u ë d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n : 1. I / short / my brother. 2. Hai Duong / small/ Ha noi. 3. His shoes / cheap / mine. 4. Russia / big / Canada. 5. This exercise / easy / that one. 6. this car / fast / yours ? 7. Today / cold / yesterday. 2/ Long adj ( TÝnh tõ dµi) TÝnh tõ dµi lµ tÝnh tõ cã 2 ©m tiÕt trë lªn: Eg : tired, expensive, difficult, interesting ... MÉu c©u : S + to be + more +long adj + than + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (®¹i tõ) Eg : - They are more tired than us. = We are not as tired as them. - This exercise is more difficult than that one. Exercise 2: Dïng tõ gîi ý ®Ó viÕt c©u ë d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n : 1. Her shoes / expensive / his. 2. Mr Jones / careful / wife. 3. Football / popular / table-tennis. 4. English / difficult / Chinese ? 5. Spring / pleasant / summer. 6. Her car / comfortable / mine. 7. His chidren / hard-working / my chidren. 3/ Irregular Adj ( BÊt qui t¾c) - good - better - bad - worse - far - farther / further ( xa) - much - more - many - more - little - less ( Ýt) Eg : - His English is better than mine. = My English isn't as good as his. Exercise 3: Dïng tõ gîi ý ®Ó viÕt c©u ë d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n : 1. My friend's bike / good / mine. 2. This picture / bad / yours. 3. He has / much money / I have. 4. My sister / have / many books / me. Exercise 4: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1/ They were happier yesterday than today.  Today they ............................ 2/ English isn't so interesting as biology.  Biology is ................................... 3 / I'm not as good at English as him.  He is ........................ 4/ His role is more important than mine.  My role .............................. 5 / My kitchen is bigger than yours.  Your kitchen ...................................... 6 / I haven't got as much money as you.  You have .................................... 7 / French is more difficult than English.  English ...................................... 8 / Nam isn't so careful as his father.  Nam's father ....................................... 9 / Mai is prettier than her sister.  Mai's sister ............................................. 10 / Hai Duong isn't so noisy as Ha Noi.  Ha Noi ..................................... 11/ My house is smaller than his.  His house ................................................... III/ SUPERLATIVES ( So s¸nh bËc nhÊt ) Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 15 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 1/ Short adj : MÉu c©u : S + to be + the + short adj + est + in / of .... Eg : - John is the tallest student in his class. = No one in his class is taller than John. = No one in his class is as tall as John. * L­u ý : + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m, tr­íc khi thªm est, ph¶i gÊp ®«i phô ©m cuèi. Eg : - big - the biggest - hot - the hottest + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ e , chØ thªm st : Eg : - large - largest + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ 2 ©m tiÕt , kÕt thóc lµ y, ®­îc biÕn ®æi nh­ sau : Eg : - happy - happiest - pretty - prettiest - lazy - laziest 2. Long adj : MÉu c©u : S + to be + the + most + long adj + in / of .... Eg : - Freedom is the most important of all. ( Tù do lµ quan träng nhÊt trong sè mäi ®iÒu) = Nothing is more important than freedom. 3. Irregular Adj : - good - the best - bad - the worst - many - the most - much - the most - little - the least - far - the farthest/furthest Eg : - Mai is the best student in our class. Exercise 1: Dïng tõ gîi ý ®Ó viÕt c©u ë d¹ng so s¸nh nhÊt : 1. Russia / large / country/ in the world. 2. She / careful pupil / in my class. 3. Ronaldinho / good / footballer / in the world. 4. Phil / happy / person / we know. 5. These shoes / expensive / of all. 6. Ho Chi Minh City / big city / in Viet Nam. 7. This / interesting film / I / ever / see. 8. Hoa / pretty / girl / in her group. 9. Mr Pike / generous / person / in my town. Exercise 2: Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau theo mÉu Eg : It's a very nice room. It's one of the nicest rooms in the hotel. 1/ It's a very old castle. It's .............................. in Britain. 2/ She's a very good player. She's ..................in the team. 3/ It was a very bad experience. It was............in my life. 4/ Nam is a very intelligent student. He................ .... .in the class. Exercise 3: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1/ No one in my class is more intelligent than Lan.  Lan is ......................... 2/ We don't know a happier person than him.  He is ................................... 3/ Nothing is more interesting than football.  Football is ............................ 4/ Is this the biggest hat you've got ?  Have you got .................................... ? 5/ Everest is higher than any mountains in the world.  Everest is .................. 6/ No one in my class is fatter than Minh.  Minh is ..................................... 7/ Mr Ron is the richest man in our town.  No one ..................................... 8/ No one in my group is better at English than Lan.  Lan is .................. Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 16 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT B/ Comparisons (So s¸nh Tr¹ng tõ) I/ So s¸nh ngang b»ng MÉu c©u : S + V + as + adv + as + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (®¹i tõ) Eg : - Mr Ba works as hard as Mr Lam. * L­u ý : Ta cã thÓ thay as b»ng so trong c©u phñ ®Þnh. Eg : - I can't play the piano as well as my sister. = I can't play the piano so well as my sister. II/ So s¸nh h¬n 1/ Short adverbs (Tr¹ng tõ ng¾n) MÉu c©u : S + V + short adv + er + than + noun (danh tõ) / pronoun (®¹i tõ) Eg : - My brother runs faster than I do. = I don't run as fast as my brother. me. 2. Long adv : MÉu c©u : S + V + more + long adv + than + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (®¹i tõ) Eg : - Mr Jones drives more carefully than Mr Smith. = Mr Smith doesn't drive as carefully as Mr Jones. 3. Irregular adv ( BÊt qui t¾c) Eg : - well - better - badly - worse - much - more - early - earlier - late - later Eg : - Sam can speaks French better than me. - Yesterday he drank more than today. Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1/ Jane can swim further than I can.  I can't ....................................... 2/ We didn't do the test as quickly as Linh.  Linh did ................ 3/ Peter can't run as fast as Tim.  Tim runs ............................................. 4/ John speaks French more fluently than I do.  I cannot........................ 5/- Thuy is a more fluent French speaker than Phong.  Thuy speaks French ........ 6/ He plays football better than me.  I don't .................................................... 7/ Mrs Hoa doesn't work as hard as her husband.  Mrs Hoa 's husband works ........ 8/ They answered the teacher's question yesterday more intelligently than us.  We didn't ............................................................................................ 9/ Hai couldn't listen to the teacher yesterday as attentively as his friend did.  Hai's friend ..................................................................................... 10/ She runs faster than me.  I don't .......................................................... 11/ Thanh works harder now than last year.  Last year Thanh ...................... 12/ He doesn't understand the lessons as well as last year.  Last year he ......... 13/ My sister usually gets up earlier than me.  I usually ............................. 14/ Yesterday, Mr Pike didn't drink as much as Mr Withe.  Yesterday Mr Withe...... 15/ Tom speaks more persuasively than Bill.  Tom is ......................................... 16/ I don't know as much about it as her.  She knows...................................... 17/ Mrs La is a slower and more careful driver than I am.  La drives ............... 18/ Jane is a better cook than Robert.  Robert can't ..................................... 19/ He didn't arrive as early as we expected.  He arrived C/ Mét sè l­u ý thªm vÒ c¸c c©u So s¸nh Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 17 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT 1. Ta cã thÓ dïng much, (by) far , a lot , a little tr­íc adj vµ adv trong c©u so s¸nh h¬n ®Ó nhÊn m¹nh. Eg : - My bag is much cheaper than my friend's. - My father swims far better than me. 2. Cã thÓ dïng danh tõ víi c©u so s¸nh. Eg : - I have more books than my sister. = My sister doesn't have as many books as I have. - He has more money than his brother. = His brother doesn't have as much money as him. 3. Cã thÓ thay danh tõ sè Ýt b»ng that, danh tõ sè nhiÒu b»ng those nÕu ta kh«ng muèn nh¾c l¹i danh tõ ®ã. Eg : - The salary of a professor is higher than that of a teacher. ( L­¬ng cña gi¸o s­ th× cao h¬n cña gi¸o viªn) (that = the salary) - Classes in the college aren't as difficult as those in the university. (Those = classes) 4. Cã thÓ dïng twice (2 times), 3, 4... times trong c©u so s¸nh ngang b»ng. Eg : - His house is twice as big as my house. (Nhµ cña anh Êy to gÊp ®«i nhµ t«i) 5. The same as ®­îc sö dông trong d¹ng so s¸nh ngang b»ng. Eg : - Ann's salary is as high as Peter's. = Ann's salary is the same as Peter's. - Tom is as old as George. = Tom is the same age as George. (Tom b»ng tuæi George) 6. More and more, better and better, harder and harder, more and more difficult ..... Eg : - His English is getting better and better. (TiÕng Anh cña anh Êy ngµy cµng trë lªn tèt h¬n) - These days more and more people are learning English. (Ngµy nay ngµy cµng cã nhiÒu ng­êi häc tiÕng Anh) 7. So s¸nh kÐp : MÉu c©u : The + so s¸nh + chñ ng÷ + ®éng tõ + the + so s¸nh + chñ ng÷ + ®éng tõ Eg : - The more I thought about the plan, the less I like it. (Cµng nghÜ vÒ kÕ ho¹ch ®ã, t«i cµng thÊy kh«ng thÝch nã) - The warmer the weather (is), the better I feel. - The sooner you leave, the earlier you will arrive at your destination. ( B¹n cµng ®i sím b¹n cµng tíi ®Ých sím h¬n) - The younger you are, the easier it is to learn. (Chóng ta cµng trÎ th× häc cµng dÔ) Exercise 1: Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau theo mÉu Eg: It's becoming harder and harder to find a job.(hard) 1/ That hole in your pullover is getting ............(big) 2/ As I waited for my interview, I became .........(nervous) 3/ As the day went on, the weather got .............(bad) 4/ Travelling is becoming .......................(expensive) 5/ Since she has been in Britain, her English has got .....(good) Exercise 2: Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau theo mÉu Eg: I like warm weather. The warmer the weather , the better I feel (feel) 1. I didn't really like him at first. But the more I got to know him, .........(like) 2/ She had to wait a very long time. The longer she waited, ..... (impatient/become) 3/ If you use more electricity, your bill will be higher. The more electricity you use, ...........(high) Exercise 3: Chän tõ ®óng trong sè c¸c tõ ®· cho : 1. This car is ............. as expensive as our car. a. double b. twice c. much d. a lot 2. The harder she works, the ........ money she earns. a. better b. much c. more d. less 3. The ....... you are, the ............ it is to concentrate. a. more tired / more hard b. more tired/ harder c. tired / hard d. tired / hardly 4. The ...... she waited, the ........... she became. a. more long / more impatient b. longer / impatient Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 18 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT c. long / more impatient d. longer / more impatient 5. The standard of living in Canada is higher ............. in many countries. a. than that b. as that c. than those d. as those 6. My boss is very young. He's ............ than I am. a. younger 10 years b. 10 years more young c. 10 years younger d. 10 years young 7. Life in Hai Phong is ........ expensive than that in Hai Duong. a. a little more b. a little much c. far much d. more a lot 8. What do you think about the parks in London ? Are they bigger .......... in Ha Noi ? a. than that b. than those c. as that d. as those 9. ................. pollution is being produced nowadays. a. Much and much b. Many and many c. Better and better d. More and more 10. The ........... you spend learning, ........... your study result will be. a. much time / the best b. more time / the good c. more time / the better d. better time / the well 11. Is your weight ................... Hoa's. a. the same as b. as the same c. the same like d. like the same REVISION 1 I/ Rewrite the following sentences 1/ They were more tired yesterday than today.  Today they ..................... 2/ Mr Hai is a good driver.  Mr Hai drives ................................................ 3/ English isn't so difficult as Maths.  Maths is ................................... 4/ His brother is not so good at French as him.  He is ........................... 5/ His role is more important than mine.  My role ................................. 6/ I can't swim as well as Jane.  Jane ............................................. 7/ No one in my class is noisier than Lan.  Lan is ................................. 8/ We didn't do the test as fast as Linh.  Linh did .............................. 9/ Peter can't run as far as Tim.  Tim runs .......................................... 10/ My kitchen is smaller than yours.  Your kitchen .................... 11/ Phong speaks English more fluently than I do.  I ........................ 12/ She is a dangerous driver.  She .............................................. 13/ Hoa is a careful typist.  Hoa ....................................................... 14/ Mary dances marvellously.  Mary is ........................................... 15/ Celine Dion sings wonderfully.  Celine Dion is ............................. 16/ Lien is a good English speaker.  Lien speaks .................................. 17/ We don't know a lazier person than her.  She is ................................... 18/ Nothing is more interesting than football.  Football is .......................... 19/ I am 20 years old. My brother is 40.  My brother is twice ................... 20/ Everest is higher than any mountains in the world.  Everest is ........ 21/ Minh is the most hard-working in our class.  No one ..................... 22/ You have more money than us.  We ............................................... 23/ Mr Robinson is the poorest person in our town.  No one .................... 24/ No one in my group is better at English than Linh. - Linh is ............. 25/ Phong speaks French more fluently than Thuy.  Thuy does ............... 26/ He plays football more skilfully than me.  I don't ............................ 27/ Mrs Hoa doesn't work as hard as her husband.  Mrs Hoa 's husband works ............................................................ 28/ He doesn't run as quickly as five years ago. Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 19 Tài liệu ôn thi lớp 9 vào lớp 10 THPT  Five years ago he .............................................................. 29/ My sister usually gets up later than me.  I don't usually .................... 30/ French is more difficult than English.  English ................................. 31/ Nam isn't so careless as his brother.  Nam's brother ........................ 32/ My house is much smaller than his.  His house .............................. 33/ The streets in Ha Noi aren't as quiet as those in Paris.  The streets in Paris .............................................................................. 34/ Yesterday, Mr Pike didn't drink as much beer as Mr Withe.  Yesterday Mr Withe........................................................................ 35/ Mrs Ha is 2 years younger than Mrs Lanh.  Mrs Lanh .................. 36. He hasn't written to his parents for 2 months.  The last time ....... 37. I've never been to Scotland before. This is ..................................... 38. I started learning English 5 years ago.  I've ............................. 39. The last time I saw him was in 1995.  I haven't ..................... 40. We haven't seen Ann for ages. It's ages ................................ 41. Linda's career as a television presenter began 4 years ago.  Linda has been ........................................................................... 42. It started to rain at two o'clock. It has ....................................... 43. Samuel started keeping a diary 2 years ago.  Samuel has .............. 44. It is ages since I last saw you.  I haven't ......................................... 45. We last saw him when we were students.  We haven't .................... 46. She is the most beautiful girl I've ever met.  I've never........................ 47. He hasn't received news from home for two months.  The last time ....... II/ Chän ®¸p ¸n ®óng trong sè A, B, C hoÆc D 1/ Hurry up ! We've been waiting for you. What's taking you so long ? - I .......... for an important phone call. Go ahead and leave without me. A. wait B. will wait C. am waiting D. have waited 2/ Robert is going to be famous someday. He ...... in 3 movies already. A. has been appearing B. had appeared C. has appeared D. appeared 3/ "Where's Polly ?"" - "She ............." A. is in her room B. in her room is C. studies in her D. has in her room studied studying studying room 4/ When is Mr Fields planning to retire ? - Soon, I think. He ............... here for a long time. He'll probably retire either next year or the year after that. A. worked B. had been working C. has been working D. is working 5/ Next week when there is a full moon, the ocean tides ...... higher. A. is being B. is C. will be D. will have been 6/ - I once saw a turtle that had wings. The turtle flew into the air to catch insects. - I ............................... it. A. don't believe B. am not believing C. didn't believe D. wasn't believing 7/ My family loves this house. It ........ the family home ever since my grandfather built it 60 years ago. A. was B. has been C. is D. will be 8/ A minor earthquake occured at 2.00a.m on January 3rd. Most of the people in the village ............. at the time and didn't even know it had occured until the next morning. A. slept B. had slept C. were sleeping D. slept 9/ Would you like to join Linda and me tomorrow ? We ................. visit the Natural Museum. A. will B. are going to C. will be D. will have Teacher: Hoàng Thị Hương Thủy 20