Recent Techniques In Textile
Wet Processing
Aravin Prince .P., M.Tech (Textiles)
Lecturer/ Apparel Technology
S.S.M.I.T.T, Komarapalayam
[email protected]
+91-9790080302
What is Textile Processing..?
It has four basic process
Preparatory
Dyeing
Printing
Finishing
Testing
Preparation
The ultimate goal of any preparation process is to
produce fabric that is clean and rid of all impurities
that interfere with dyeing and finishing.
Fabric preparation is the first of the wet processing
steps
Desizing
To remove the sizing material from the textile
material (yarn/ fabric/ garment)
Scouring
To remove natural impurities from natural
fibers.
To remove added impurities from man made
fibers
Bleaching
To remove natural coloring matter from fiber
structure
Mostly used hydrogen peroxide; we can use
this to all type of fibers
What Is “Dyeing”…..?
The pleasure derived from imparting colour
to clothing has existed since the time of the
earliest civilisations;
A world of fashion without colour is
impossible to imagine. Coloration processes
produce the most visible results of all the
finishing operations carried out during the
preparation of textile goods
What Is Printing….?
Textile printing is the most versatile and
important of the methods used for introducing
colour and design to textile fabrics.
Considered analytically it is a process of
bringing together a design idea, one or more
colorants, and a textile substrate (usually a
fabric), using a technique for applying the
colorants with some precision.
What is finishing…..?
This facilitates production of attractive
ready-to-sell textiles intended to fulfil
requirements for specific use.
This includes all processes which help to
maintain the value or increase the value of
the textile material.
Textile finishing therefore makes textile raw
material usable by creating properties with a
useful effect.
Recent
Techniques……?
Ultrasonic Assisted Wet
Processing
Digital
Nano
printing Technology
Technology
Bio-Technology
Plasma
Technology
Ultrasonic Assisted Wet
Processing
Ultrasound energy is sound waves with
frequencies above 20,000 oscillations per
second, which is above the upper limit of
human hearing.
The ultrasonic waves can be generated by
variety of ways. Mostly it is produced by
piezo-electric
and
magnatostrictive
transducers
Mechanisms:
Increasing swelling of fiber in water.
Reducing glass transition (Tg) temperature
of the fiber.
Reduce the size of the dye particles. It helps
to enhance the transport of the dye to the
fiber.
Applications
It degraded starch followed by ultrasonic desizing could
lead to considerably energy saving as compared to
conventional starch sizing and desizing.
The scouring of wool in neutral and very light alkaline bath
reduces the fiber damage and enhance rate of processing.
It is more beneficial to the application of water insoluble
dyes to the hydrophobic fibers.
Among the textile fibers, polyester is structurally compact
fiber with a high level of crystallinity and without
recognized dye sites.
Ultrasonic waves accelerate the rate of diffusion of the
disperse dye inside the polyester fiber.
Benefits
Energy savings by dyeing at lower temperatures and
reduced processing times.
Environmental improvements by reduced
consumption of auxiliary chemicals.
Increased color yields.
Enzymatic treatments supplemented with ultrasonic
energy resulted in shorter processing times, less
consumption of expensive enzymes, less fiber
damage, and better uniformity treatment to the
fabric.
Digital Printing
Digital printing, the most advanced technology in
textile printing is an emerging new technique.
Digital printing in simple terms is the process of
creating prints generated and designed from a
computer, as opposed to analog printing, which
requires printing screens.
Among the various approaches for digital printing
including electro photography, ink jet has gained a
very significant place in the field of innovative
printing techniques.
Mechanism
Printing Machine
Nano Technology
Nano Technology……
The concept of Nano tech was first developed in
1930,that time it is called as bottom science.
The term Nano arise from 1970‟s only.
The term „Nano‟ comes from a Greek word „Nanos‟
which means „Dwarf‟.
Dwarf means abnormally small.
1nm = 10-9m
It is about 75000 to 100000 times smaller than the
diameter of the human hair.
This technology that can work at the molecular level,
atom by atom to create large structures with
improved molecules organization by controlling
shape and size at the Nano scale.
Application of Nano Technology
in processing
Nano dyeing
Nano finishing
Hydrophobic finish
Self cleaning effect
UV-protection
Anti-Microbial
Anti-Pollen
Odour fights finish
Flame retardant