Tài liệu Module 3 green it 2s

8/25/2014 Module 3: Green IT Overview • • • • • • • • • • • Concerns of CIOs GreenIT Immediate, Mid-Term and long-term Issues Benefits and Dirversof GreenIT Evolution of Storage technologies Storage Consolidation What is SAN? y SAN Connectivity Technologies affecting storage infrastructure Why SAN? Future Direction 1 8/25/2014 Drilling Down on Datacenter Power • Servers are Power Pigs – – – – Average server is A i 225W Lifetime cost of power is four times CapEx Server energy consumption growing 9% annually Server growth of 50% between 2005 and 2010 • Servers are horribly inefficient – Average utilisation estimated at 6% – 30% of powered servers not in use (Bias and Gibbard 2009) Materials and Resources – “EWaste” Image From SVTC Website http://svtc.etoxics.org (Hodges 2007) 2 8/25/2014 Concerns of CIOs • Energy consumption and environmental concerns - are becoming priorities because they can impede the ability to grow and respond to organizational IT needs • Managing the increasing cost of the energy- According to the Uptime Institute, the three-year cost of powering and cooling typical servers is currently one-and-a-half times the cost of purchasing server hardware • Running out of power capacity- effort to overcome a power supply threshold is a huge investment • Running out of cooling capacity - Many customer data centers are now 10 to 15 years old, and the cooling facilities are not adapted to the present needs needs. They have reached the limit of their cooling capacity • Running out of space-Each time a new project or application comes online, new servers or storage subsystems are added. They cannot add more servers because they have reached either their space limits (Ebbers et al. 2008) CIO concerns for IT needs (Ebbers et al. 2008) 3 8/25/2014 Energy use in Data centers • S Servers are underutilized, d tili d yett th they consume the same amount of energy as though they were running at 100%. • A typical server utilization rate is 20%. Underutilized systems can be a big issue wasting ti a major j iinvestment. t t • Virtualization and consolidation help utilize the entire capacity of your IT equipment (Ebbers et al. 2008) How energy is used in a typical data centre (Ebbers et al. 2008) 4 8/25/2014 Data centre assessment: ask effective questions (Ebbers et al. 2008) Case for Green IT & Datacenter Environmental Impacts • Datacenters create 41M metric tons of CO2 – – – – 1.5% of energy in 2006 5.1 million US households 100 billion miles driven 60M tons in 5 years? • E-Waste is also relevant – 70% of heavy metals in landfills are electronics – 80% of “recycled” waste in US is exported • Servers grew 50% in last 5 yrs (Bias and Gibbard 2009) 5 8/25/2014 Why Green? • Efficiency drives bottom line • Efficiency is Green • Where can we drive efficiency? – Power – Cooling (Power) (Bias and Gibbard 2009) Focus on Power Efficiency • Game changers: – Virtualization – Consolidation – Cloud computing • Datacenter companies have “economies of scale scale” • Economies of scale include $$ and power greening (Bias and Gibbard 2009) 6 8/25/2014 Cloud Efficiency • Overall GoGrid utilization is very high – RAM > 75% – CPU < 20% – DISK > 50% • Elastic usage means unused servers are off by default – A physical server in motion generally stays in motion • # of virtual > # of physical in 1/10th space (Bias and Gibbard 2009) Short term, mid term and long term activities for GreenIT Green IT: Prioritizing the Issues (Kumar 2008) 7 8/25/2014 Green IT: Immediate Issues to focus on • • • • • • • Modern data center facilities' design concepts Advanced cooling technologies Use of modeling and monitoring software Virtualization technologies for server consolidation Processor design and server efficiency Energy management for the office environment Integrated energy management for the software environment • Combined heat and power (Kumar 2008) Mid-term Issues to focus on • Green IT procurement • Green asset life cycle programs • Environmental labeling of servers and other devices • Videoconferencing • Changing people's behaviors • Green accounting in IT • Green legislation in data centers • Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and IT programs (Kumar 2008) 8 8/25/2014 Long-Term Issues to focus on • • • • • • • Carbon C b offsetting ff tti and d carbon b ttrading di Data center heat recycling Alternative energy sources Software efficiency Green building design Green legislation Green chargeback (Kumar 2008) Drivers for GreenIT and Green Computing • Using green technologies to extend capabilities while reducing costs and risks is more than smart business • Planning Pl i for f energy efficiency ffi i and d corporate t responsibility ibilit with positive results go together • The global economy has made the world more competitive and cooperative • As organizations strive to thrive in a constantly changing world, adapting for sustainability is a business imperative • “Data centers with increasing IT loads require more power to cool them, so finding g cooling g options p that use less p power is critical not only for organizations that don’t have resources to build new facilities but also for those that want to save money,”-Green Grid Offers Tools for Free Data Center Cooling (Greener World Media 2009) (Ebberset al. 2008) 9 8/25/2014 The correlation between green initiatives and efficiency (Nunn 2007) Consolidation: A key in energy efficiency Consolidation of applications from under utilized servers to a single, more efficient server (Ebbers et al. 2008) 10 8/25/2014 Benefits of consolidation • Consolidation is an enormous lever to moving i tto a green data d t center t • A decrease in overall power consumption • Performing a simple power management technique of switching off four systems results in a total power consumption of 4 kW and a 70% utilized system (Ebberset al. 2008) References • • • • • • • Adams, A, Cox, RW, Zaffos, S, Rinnen, P, Burke, R, Passmore, RE, Monroe, J, Unsworth, J, Russell, D and Kros, A 2008 ‘Hype Cycle for Storage Hardware Technologies, 2008, Gartner, Available Online: Bias R. and GibbardS. 2009 ‘Cloud computing increases efficiency & drives bottom line’, Clouds bring Green, GoGrid/Server Path; AvaialbleOnline: www.slideshare.com Dayley, A, Roger , Cox, R W , Passmore, R E, Zaffos, S, Russell, D, DiCenzo, C and Couture, A W 2008 ‘2007 Data CenterConference Instant Polling Results: Storage Technologies and Services’, Gartner, AvaialbleOnline: Ebbers, M , Galea, A, Schaef2008 'er, M and Khiem, MTD 2008 ‘The Green Data Center: Steps for the Journey’ RedPaper, IBM, available Online: http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4413.html Emulex 2008 ‘FCoEDriven Network Consolidation in the Enterprise Data Center’, Whitepaper, Emulex; AvaialbleOnlie: < http://whitepapers.techrepublic.com.com/abstract.aspx?docid=383269 > FalconStor(2006) ‘SAN+NAS’, Whitepaper, FalconStor, Available online: Gralla P 2009, ‘Beat the Recession: Become a Green IT Consultant’, www.Reuters.com, Available online: < http://www.reuters.com/article/gwmTechnology/idUS372251937920090509 > 11 8/25/2014 References • • • • • • • • Greener World Media 2009, ‘Green Grid Offers Tools for Free Data Center Cooling’, . Hodges R 2007 ‘IT IT as an Environmental Issue: Problems and Opportunities’, Opportunities , Workshop for Research Program on Environmentally Responsible Information Technology Practices, GreenIT,CISCO; Available Online: . IT Management n.d., ‘SANs: Highest Speeds and Reliability’, www.itmanagement.com, Available online:< http://www.itmanagement.com/features/storage-area-network-evaluation/ >. Kumar R 2008 ‘GreenITWhere to Invest?”, Gartner, AvaialbleOnline: . Mines C 2008 ‘Case Study: How IBM Supported kika/Leiner’sBranding Strategy With A Green Data Center’, Forrester Research, Inc., Available Online: . p NEC 2009 ‘Coping with SAN Storage Frustration ‘, NEC CORPORATION OF AMERICA, Advanced Storage Products, Whitepaper, Available Online: . Nunn S 2007 ‘Green IT: beyond the data center-How IT can contribute to the environmental agenda across and beyond the business, Accenture; Available Online: . Passmore R E 2009 ‘Significant Cost-Savings on Storage Area Network Deployments for Data Centers’, Gartner ; Available Online: . References • • • • • • • • Pearlman E 2008 ‘Should CIOsTake Lead In Going Green?’, CIOZone, www.ciozone.com, Available online:< http://www.ciozone.com/index.php/Editorial-Research/Should-CIOs-Take-LeadIn-Going-Greenu.html?kw=sgreen&gclid=CKKgvvKks5oCFQUwpAod_Tewcw >. Rasmussen T 2002 ‘Storage Consolidation: Simplifying Storage Infrastructures’, Whitepaper, Datalink; AvaialbleOnline; . Tate, J, Lucchese, F and Moore, R 2006, ‘Introduction to Storage Area Networks’, International Technical Support Organization, RedBooks, IBM; Available Online: . TechTarget n.d., ‘Storage consolidation’, SearchStorage.com Definitions; Available Online: . Tung L 2007 ‘Green IT will hit Australian govt 'like a ton of bricks‘, www.Znet.com.au, Available Online: < http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/hardware/soa/Green-IT-will-hit-Australian-govt-like-a-tonof-bricks/0,130061702,339282527,00.htm?omnRef=http://www.google.com.au/search?hl=en&q=Green%2 0IT&meta=&aq=f&oq= >. Wald M L 2007 ‘Taming the Guzzlers That Power the World Wide Web’, The New York Times, www.nytimes.com, Available Online: . Wendt, J. (2008) “iSCSI, FCoEor InfiniBandfor storage networking?”, TechTargetStorage Channel, August 7: . Wikipedia n.d., ‘Storage Area Network’, Available online; . 12