Tài liệu Khám và chữa các bệnh phổi

GS. PHAM GiA Cl/GNG ■ KHAM V A CHtfA cAc B EN H PH O I GS. PHAM GIA CU0NG KHANIVA CHUTA CAC BENH PHOI NHA XUAT BAN Y HOC HA NQI - 2005 Leri ntii dau Cuon sach “ K ham va chufa ca c benh p h o i” difdc viet ra de lam tai lieu hoc tap cho cac bac si chuyen khoa phoi sau dai hoc, cac bac s! noi khoa chung va sinh vien Dai hoc Y khoa. Cac thong tin va ttf lieu trong sach da dUdc cap nhat nhiing thanh tau y hoc m6i va diidc lila chon ky de cung cap nhflng kien thiic cd ban va tutdng doi du cho viec kham va chiia cac benh phoi thtfdng gSp. Toi xin chan thanh cam dn GS. Dussert d Benh vien Cochin, Paris da vui long tra ldi cho phan “Hoi/Dap v i cac benh phoi" va cac GS.M.J.Ford va A.T.Elder d TrUdng Dai hoc Y khoa Edinburg, Edinburg da vui long cho dap an cua cac “Cau hoi tr^c nghiem ve benh phoi” . Xin cam dn Nha xuat ban Y hoc da tao dieu kien de sach difdc sdm ra mat doc gia. Chac chan cuon sach con co nhieu thieu sot, xin cam dn cac dong nghiep va ban doc ve moi y kien nhan xet. gs. thAy th u 6 c nhAn DAN Pham Gia Citing 3 Chur viet tilt dung trong sach A -a D 0 2 alveolar - arterial 0 2 difference - hieu so O z phe nang mach mau ACE Angiotensin - converting enzyme - men chuyen angiotensin ACTH Adrenocorticotrophic thuong than ADH Antidiuretic hormone - hormon chtfng bai nieu ALAT Alanin aminotransferase ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome - hoi chftig suy ho hap cap tfnh ASAT Aspartat aminotransferase CMV Cytomegalovirrus - virus cir bao CPAP Continuous positive airway pressare - ap liic dudng thd dirdng tinh lien tuc CT Computed tomography - chup c it I6p vi tinh DLco Diffusing capacity for CO - kha nang khuech tan CO DOTS Directly observed treatment short course - dieu tri ngln han co kiem soat tri/c tiep ERV Exipiratory reserve volume - the tich du tri/ thci ra FEV, Forced expiratory volume in one second - the tich thci ra toi da trong giay dau tien 4 hormone - Hormon ht/6ng vo F iO ? P ercentage of inspired 0 2 - ty le 0 ? hit vao FRC Functional residual capacity - dung tich can chCrc nang FVC Forced vital capacity - dung tich song gang sifc IRV Inspiratory reserve volum e - the tich dCr trCr the) vao LDH Lactat dehydrog enase MRI M agnetic resonance im aging - chup cong hifdng tir OT Old tuberculin - tuberculin cu PA02 Partial pressure of alveolar 0 2 - ap lire rieng phan 0 2 trong phe nang PA C 02 Partial pressure of alveolar C 0 2 - ap lire rieng phan C 0 2 trong phe nang Pa02 Partial pressure of arterial 0 2 - ap life rieng phan 0 2 trong mau dong mach PaC02 Partial pressure of arterial C 0 2 - ap lire rieng phan C 0 2 trong mau dong mach PAW P Pulmonary artery wedge pressure - ap lire dong mach phoi khi bjt tac PADP Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure - ap lire tam trirong dong mach phoi PCR Polymerase chain reaction - phan img chuoi polymerase PCWP Pulmonary capillary wedge pressume - ap lire mao mach phoi PEEP Postive end - expiratory pressure - ap lire diidng tinh cuoi thi thd ra PEF Peak expiratory flow - liru luong dinh PEFR Peak expiratory flow rate - cung li/dng dinh PPD Purified protein dervivative - dan xu£t protein tinh khiet 5 RSV Respiratory syncitial virus - virus hop bao ho hap RV Residual volume - the tich khi can Sa02 Saturation of arterial 0 2 - bao hoa 0 2 trong mau dong mach TLC Total lung capacity - dung tich toan phoi TNF Tumor necrosis factor - yeu to hoai tCf khoi u TNM Tumor - nodes - metastasis - u - hach - di can TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone - hormone kich thich tuy£n giap TU Tuberculin unit - don vj tuberculin TV Tidal volume - th£ tich li/u thong UPPP Uvulopalatepharyngoplasty - tao hinh li/di ga - vom mieng - hong 6 Muc luc ■ m Lai noi dau 3 Chit viet tat dung trong sach 4 1.Mcfdau 2. Phoi va ho hap 11 13 Phoi 13 Ho hap 14 Thong khi phoi 14 Trao doi khi phe nang-mao mach 15 Van chuyen khi 15 Dieu hoa ho hap 15 Ho hap te bao 17 3. Nhufng yeu to chan doan benh phoi 18 Kham lam sang 18 Ch&n doan hinh anh 26 Tham do chilc nang phoi 28 Cac phifdng phap hinh thai hoc 33 Cac xet nghiem sinh hoc khac 41 4. Chieu va chup X quang phoi 44 Chieu X quang phoi 44 7 Hoc phmi X qu.'unK phoi eh man Doc plum X ijuang phoi benh ly 5. N hung benh ph oi thu’dng gap Ap xe phoi x Benh phoi tac nghen man tinh Benh bui phoi amian 91 91 93 96 ♦Gian phe quan 98 1Hen phe quan 100 Hoi chting ngifng thd khi ngu 104 Hoi chting suy ho hap cap 106 Lao ke 110 Lao phoi 116 Nghen mach phoi 125 Phu phoi 129 Benh sarcoid 131 Benh sot vet 135 Tran dich mang phoi 137 •Tran khi mang phoi 141 Ung thtf phe quan tien phat 144 Ung thvf phoi thti phat 151 Viem phe quan cap tinh 152 Viem phoi do hit 152 Viem phoi do Mycoplasma 15 g Viem phoi do Pneumocystis carinii 159 Viem phoi do vi khuan 161 Viem phoi do virus 166 Xep phoi 171 Benh phoi ke lan toa 173 6. Thuoc chufa benh phoi 176 Thuoc ho 176 Thuoc long ddm 177 Thuoc gian phe quan 178 Thuoc dieu tri hen phe quan 179 Thuoc ki'ch thi'ch ho hap 180 Thuoc chorig virus trong dieu tri benh phoi 181 Thuoc chong lao 182 7. Hoi/dap ve cac benh phoi 184 8. Cau hoi trac nghiem ve benh phoi 206 9. Dap an cac cau hoi trac nghiem ve benh phoi 234 10. Cac bang tra cufu 258 Ho 258 Nguyen nhan chi'nh cua ho ra mau 259 Nguyen nhan chi’nh cua kho thd 259 Khan giong 260 Tai ti'm 260 Ngon tay dui trong 260 Hoi miong Ton thUdng phoi ^61 Tran djch mang phoi 262 Tran dich mang phoi do thuoc 262 Xet nghiem dac biet trong tran dich mang phoi 263 Bang tong hop ve cac loai viem phoi 263 Chi dinh dieu tri viem phoi cap tinh do vi khuan 265 Suy ho hap cap tinh 265 Nguyen nhan tang thong khi keo dai 267 Nguyen nhan tang khi carbonic huyet keo dai 267 Nguyen nhan nhiem kiem ho hap 268 Nguyen nhan nhiem toan ho hap 269 Roi loan chiic n^ng phoi 6 mot so' benh thifdng gap 270 Roi loan chi'nh cua khi trong mau dong mach 270 Cac huyet tron d - Xem thêm -