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Oxford English for Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Eric H. Glendinning Norman Glendinning, C Eng, MIMechE Oxford University Press More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. orlord universiq Pnss W d t o o Street. O x f d O X 2 6DP O d d NewYort Atbeaa AucWand BaogLok Bombay Calcutta CapeTom Daresalaam Delhi Fbmlce Hong Kong lstanbul lGvachl Kuala Lumplr Madras Madrid Melbourne Merieoaty N&I P& stngapon Taipei Tokyo TOmnto and.w,c&tcd-in Baltn madan Word and Oxjmd English are trade maks oforlord University Raa ISBN019457392 3 No unauthmkd phdoeapruls All @Is reservedNo part ofulis publication may be rrpmduced.aored in a rmimal nyncm or w n w i r t c d i n a n g fnm or by any mran* rlwlnlnl. mahaolcaLphnocapging. m d t n l : dr olhu dthout the &r wrim Dnmiadon 01 Oxionl This bmk Is sold subjedto the &tion that it SW not. by way ofbade or othawlk. be h t , -Id. hired out. orofhnwlse-tedwllhout the p u b w s pior W-t in any (omr ofbinding or ma other than that in which It Is p u b b h d and wllhout a simllar d t i o n iocludlne ulis condldon being lm@ on the m k q u e n t ThepubUshnand aulhondOxlord Engbhlor C ~ V J U U Oxford ~, Engkhfor Ebnrmks. and Oxlord EwkhlmELrlNdmd Morhmknl Enguutrln#wodd ~~. Ukimthmktheuarhcrsand&~oflhe lollaving LnB1~Oom lor tMradvice and assi.tanu in the prepamlion o f t k bmks k t u t i T k n l d Indusblall: Aldini-ValeriaoL Bologna Avagdo. Tudn BeUwi. Bologna BenedeftoCasleW.Brrsda Cond. Mllan de PrelO. %hi0 eugaom.!Me Frrrm. Rane Fmni. Naples F d . VlreoPa Fellari.Tudn Gaaaldl. Genoa Cladanl. Naples Chgi. WLan G W . Rome ~tcrger.Monaa LmaardodaVLncLmorenee Marmnl. V m a Miaoo. San G W o . Naples Paareapa. Bcrgamo Panelti. M Pa80UoL WLan pean0.m San Felipo Nerl. Rome Zueeante. Mcstrr L& du 6 u p ~&R . Lyc&TCehnoicgique Indushiel. Valence ThepubUsherand authors would like to thank the lollowing tor their khd p a m l d o n to use articles, m r a ~ . iard a ~ U m . ~ b o copymght m material. Evng c ! h l has ken made m trace the ownmof wmnl&t m a m i d in thu bmk. bur we shnuld h p k - t o hear h m a n y eowdght mwhom we have been unable to wntact in order to r& any ermm or O ~ O l l S . Cob CUT CCSE: Tahmlogy by M H o r s e and P P w k . C o b Educational, an imlwlnt of H m p C o b P u b b h m LLmited Praba United. livinmon The lollowing articleswere all taken h m The EducatiDn Cuandlvl 0 Thc Cumdirm: 'Electricmotor' by HehDavies. 20Apil1993 'Cmtralbeating' by J Harker. 8 Dsember 1992 '~byHBLnh.30April1991 % & m i c d * i ' b y H B L n h . 10Deewber 1991 'Wavepwer'byHDavlcs. 23November 1993 ' b a d b& by HBLnh. 24 September 1991 'Distbralres'by RLeedham. 16Mareh1993 ' ~ l & t a t l o n m a i n ' by HBireh. 7 July 1992 'Air P i Material Handhug Systems'. Aemfilm Systems. The Netherlands ' h l g o mIs tor s p e d and quality'by JohnPox, ProjesslmtalEnglnrring,June 1993. The adaptation ofthls ruafk is reproduced by p a m l d o n ofthe C o d ofthe W N n m of Meehanid Engineers. loodon.LlK. 'BeaaaatheBn ti& wlth water-based hydraulics' by G m ~ n g l n e e r slondon. . UK. 'On them& byludlth M w .P m n a l Compulrr w i n e . AUG 1992 o f e ~ ~ ~ o s ihow o n , It occurs and what to look for. Ikslgn Enginrring, June 1991 Workingot ollght cnglnrringplant ( p p b a t work) by TMav. (PubUsherslUmlted 1982 . Wavland . The pubkhers would Wre to thank the fouowingfor pmmlssbn to W u e e U I m t i m : Computer S m : Computmvision. Thc Mucallon Guonliow Engineering Now: Technology hit Factsby C Chapman. M Honley & E Small. HmpCoUias PubUBhers Lid: VoLtswagen UKUd mepubushers would Wre to thank the foUavlnglor thebpmnlssion to reproduce photographs: 'v RollcRoyce. Salt" Ho;-m. 'Ihc snrru Phm L h q : Smtlih Pmcr. Spat f a TV.Thr Tckpph Calm Libnry. Vo1l;swaprn U K Ltd Typsa in Monotype Phodna and Unlvers Rintedin Italy CaseW.Sieoa c w .norenee Gallleo Gallld. Tudn More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Technical contents Page Unit Topic Technical syllabus Engineering Courses Materials Mechanisms Forces Electric motor Student Central heating Safety at work Young engineer Washing machine Racing bicycle Lasers Technician Refrigerator Scales Portable generator General General Engineering materials Mechanisms. Cams Statics and Dynamics Electrotechnology Electrical Automatic systems General General. Engineering design Automaticsystems. Transducers Mechanics. Gear systems Mechanical technology Road breaker Disc brakes Stdengineer Lawn-mower Corrosion Pneumatics Hgdraulics General. Process control Engineering design Mechanical technology. Corrosion Maglev train CAD designer Supercar Graphs Waste recycling Electrical machines. Motor selection CAD General General Technical plant Robotics Careers Applying for a job Robotics. Stepper motors General General. Company structure Robotics. General Fluid mechanics Automatic systems. Strain gauges Electrotechnology. Power generation More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Contents Page Unit 1 Unit 2 - l o Engineering what's it all about? 10 11 12 13 13 Tuning-in Reading Language study Word study Writing 14 Listening 15 Choosing a course 1 5 Tuning-in 16 Reading Unit 3 Unit4 Unit 5 lntroduction dealslis concerned with Word stress Having a purpose Letter writing. 1: requesting information 20 Writing 21 Engineering materials 22 22 23 Tuning-in Reading Language study Scanning tables Making definitions 24 Writing Adding information to a text 26 Mechanisms 26 26 Tuning-in Reading 27 29 29 Writing Language study Speaking practice 31 Forces in engineering 31 31 33 34 34 Tuning-in Reading 1 Reading 2 Language study Listening Scanning a text Ways oflinking ideas. 1 Dealing with technical terrrQ Predicting Grammar links in texts The present passive Listening to lectures More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Unit 6 Unit 7 Unit 8 Unit 9 Fane 36 36 36 39 39 Unit 11 Tuning-in Skimming Describing functiorl Describing components 41 Reading Language study Writing Word study 42 An engineering student 42 42 44 Tuning-in Listening Writing 46 Central heating 46 46 48 Tuning-in Reading Language study 49 Word study Comparing a ~ l dcontrasting Predicting Time clauses so Safety at work 53 Tuning-in Reading Language study 53 Writing 55 Young engineer 55 56 57 Tuning-in Listening Writing 57 Speaking practice 58 Washing machine 58 Tuning-in 58 Reading 62 63 Language study Writing 50 51 Unit 10 The electric motor Understanding the writer'spurpose Making safety rules W a y s oflinking ideas, 2 Describing and esplaining Reading diagranls IfJUnlesssmtences Explaining a diagram More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Page Unit 12 65 Racing bicycle 6 5 Tuning-in Prediction 6 7 Reading Describing reasons 68 Language study 68 Writing Describing contrast 69 Word study Properties of~nnterials 70 Speaking practice 70 Technical reading Gear systems Unit 13 72 Lasers Tuning-in Reading Language study used tolfor Noun + noun cornpounds Word study Writing Describing nprocess, I: sequence Technical reading Laser cutting Unit 14 Unit 15 77 Automation technician 77 77 78 Tuning-in Listening Speaking practice 79 Refrigerator 79 Tuning-in 79 Reading 81 Language study Unit 16 81 82 Word study Writing 84 Scales Talking nbout spech?cntions Denling with unfnmiliar words. 1 Pri~siplesand lows Verbs and related nouns Describing n process. 2: location Tuning-in Reading 1 Meaningfrorn context Reading 2 Con~parir~g sources Cnuse rind effect. I Language study Technical reading Stmi11gauges More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Unit 17 Unit 18 Page 91 Portable generator 9 1 Tuning-in Reading diagrams 9 1 Reading Cause and efject, 2 93 Language study Verbs with -ize/-ise 9 4 Word study Describing a process, 3: sequence and 94 Writing location Technical reading Wave power 98 Road breaker Tuning-in 9 8 Reading A l l o w and prevent links 101 Language study Explaining an operation 103 Writing 103 Technical reading Air skates 105 Speaking practice 98 Unit 19 106 Disc brakes Tuning-in Reading Language study Word study Contbinir~gskills Verbs with u p a n d d o w n Verbs + -en Writing Explaining an operation Technical reading Water-based hydraulics Unit 20 112 Staff engineer 112 Tuning-in 114 Listening 114 Language study Verbs with o n arldoff Unit 21 116 Tuning-in Reading 1 Reading 2 Language study Word study Writing Speaking practice Predicting Grammar links. 2 Describi~?gfunctions Noun + noun, 2:function Description and exp:pla~mtion Explair~ingf~irlctior~ More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Page Unit22 123 123 124 125 126 126 Corrosion Tuning-in Reading Language study Speaking practice Technical reading Skimming Cause and ejfect. 3 Exchanging information Corrosion of materials Unit 23 128 Maglev train Tuning-in Reading 1 Reading 2 Language study Inferring Dealing with unfamiliar words, 2 Prediction Writing Explanations Technical reading Motor selection: operating environment Unit 24 137 Computer Aided Design (CAD) Tuning-in Listening Language study Necessity: h a v e to and need (to) Unit 25 140 Supercar 140 Tuning-in 142 Reading 144 Language study 145 Writing Predicting: usingfirst sentences Crrtainty Summaries Unit 26 146 Graphs 146 Tuning-in 147 Language study 149 Word study 149 Writing 151 Technical reading Describing graphs Comnlon verbs in engineering Drscribing a graph Properties and applications ofcarbon steels Unit 27 152 Waste recycling plant 152 154 155 156 Tuning-in Reading Language study Writing Transferring information, making notes Possibility: c a n andcould Describing a procws, 4: reason and mrthod More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Unit 28 Page 157 157 157 159 162 163 Robotics Tuning-in Reading 1 Reading 2 Revising skills Transferring information Language study Technical reading Concession: even if and although Stepper motors Unit 29 1 6 5 Careers in engineering 1 6 5 Tuning-in 1 6 7 Reading 168 Speaking practice 1 6 8 Listening Infrrring Role play Inferring Unit 30 1 6 9 Applying for a job Tuning-in Reading Speaking practice Understanding job advertisements Role play Writing Writing a CVand letter ofapplication Technical reading Company structure 18s Student A Speaking practice Student B Speaking practice Glossary of engineering terms More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. - Engineering what's it all about? Tuning-in Task 1 List the main branches of engineering. Combine your list with others in your group. Then read this text to 6nd out how many of the branches listed are mentioned. Task 2 Complete the blanks in this aiagram using information from the text. YTEngineering Civil I Automobile 1 Aeronautical 7 installation Electrical Medical More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright. Reading Introduction In your study and work, it is important to think about what you are going to read before you read. This helps you to link old and new knowledge and to make guesses about the meaning of the text. It is also important to have a clear purpose so that you choose the best way to read. In this book, you will find tasks to make you think before you read and tasks to help you to have a clear purpose when you read. Task 3 Study these illustrations. They show some of the areas in which engineers work. Can you identify them? What kinds of engineers are concerned with these areas - electrical, mechanical, or both? mask4 Now read the following texts to check your answers to Task 3. Match each text to one of the illustrations above. Cars, trains, ships, and planes are all products of I T#!!krt: mechanical engineering. Mechanical engineers are also involved in I 1 I 5 support services such as roads, rail track, harbours, and bridges. Food processing: Mechanical engineers design, develop, and make the machines and the processingequipment for harvesting, preparing and preserving the foods and drinks that fill the supermarkets. Medical engineering: Body scanners, X-ray machines, life-support systems, and other high tech equipment result from mechanical and electrical engineers combining with medical experts to convert ideas o into life-saving and life-preserving products. Building services: Electrical engineers provide all the services we need in our homes and places of work, including lighting, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, refrigeration, and lifts. Energy and power: Electrical engineers are concerned with the s production and distribution of electricity to homes, offices, industry, hospitals, colleges and schools, and the installation and maintenance of the equipment involved in these processes. Source: Adapted from Turning ideas into action, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, and Enginminga Career, Institution of Electronics and Electtical incorporated Language study dealslis concerned with What is the link between column A and column B? A B mechanical machines electrical electricity Column A lists a branch of engineering or a type of engineer. Column B lists things they are concerned with. We can show the link between them in a number of ways: 1 Mechanical engineering deals with machines. 2 Mechanical engineers deal with machines. 3 Mechanical engineering is concerned with machines 4 Mechanical engineers are concerned with machines. 5 Machines are the concern of mechanical engineers. Task 5 Match each item in column A with an appropriate item from column B and link the two in a sentence. B A a air-conditioning marine b roads and bridges aeronautical c body scanners heating and ventilating electricity generating d cables and switchgear e communications and equipment automobile f ships civil g planes electronic h cars and trucks electrical installation i power stations medical Word study Word stress Words are divided into syllables. For example: en.gine engine engineer en.gin.eer engineering en.gin.eer.ing Each syllable is pronounced separately,but normally only one syllable is stressed. That means it is said more slowly and clearly than the other syllables. We say 'engine but engin'eer. A good dictionary will show the stressed syllables. Listen to these words. Try to mark the stressed syllables. machinery mechanical machine install installation electricity electrical electronics aeronautical ventilation Writing Fill in the gaps in the following description of the different branches of engineering using information from this diagram and language you have studied in this unit. Task 7 Engineering , Marine I I I I Civil Mech[nical Elect,ical Electronic Automobile Aeronautical Heating and ventilating Electricity generating * Mining Medical Electrical installation Lighting 2 4 machinery .automobiie. of all kinds. This branch of engineering includes 6 transport: and , electronic. Mechanical engineering is ' ,and heating and ventilating. The first three are concerned with 7 . cars and planes. The last 8 with air- conditioning, refrigeration. etc. Electrical engineering deals with Electricity generating is concerned with lo installation deals " from generation to use. stations. Electrical cables. switchgear, and connecting up electrical equipment. Two branches of engineering include both l2 engineers. These are mining and I* and l 3 engineering. The former deals with mines and mining equipment, the latter with hospital " kinds. 1 ! . The main branches of engineering are civil. ' Listening Task 8 Listen to these short extracts. To which branch of engineering do these engineers belong? Task 9 Listen again. This time note the words which helped you decide on your answers. ofall Choosing a course Task 1 Study this list of points to consider when deciding whether to study engineering. Tick [ J ] the statements which refer to you. Then ask your partner which statement- -of-- +- bim omhe-. sl 1 You enjoy practical projects -creating and investigatingthing 2 You like finding out howthings work. 3 You are interested in improvingthe environment. 4 You like helping people. 6 You enjoy solving problems. 6 You enjoy organizing act~rties. 7 You enjoy science programmes on TVor on the radio. 8 You sometimes reed articles on scientific or engineering topics. 9 You have a lot of determinationand stamina. If you have ticked most of these statements, engineering *the right course of study for you. S o w : Adaptsdfmm CytemunlrsmdT&- BBC EdwHbn Task 2 Fill in the gaps in this text. Each gap represents one word. Compare your answers with your partner. More than one answer is possible for many of the In the United Kingdom you can ' engineering at a college of from one further education or a university. Most college courses to two years. University undergraduate courses ' engineering last from three to four years. A college will take after four years of secondary school education. Most students study full-time. 5 day-release courses are in local engineering companies. available for people who a diploma at the Students will be given a certificate 8 of their course. of secondary Most university students wiU have completed six school. Others will have taken a diploma course at college. degrees. A Bachelor's degree " 10 give three to four years. A Master's 12 r e q u i r e s a further year. Task 3 Listen to the text and note the words used on the tape for each gap. Reading Having a purpose As a student of engineering or as a professional engineer, you have to read a great deal. Make a list of some of the k i d s of texts you may read. It is important that you develop the most effective skills for gettiig the information you want quickly and accurately when you read. Task 4 There are examples on the following pages of some of the kinds of texts you may read in your studies or working life. Match them to this list: table index contents book title manual price list of components college brochure job advertisement Electrical A,pplica+:nn- 3 Order Code RK65V BX96E WllM FY93B WlZN W13P RK66W W14a BH6lR Tw PCB Latch P12w PCB Latch PI3w PCB Latch Pl4w PCB Latch PI 5w PCB Latch PI 6w PCB Latch PI 8w PCB Latch PI 10w PCB Latch PI 12w PCB Latch PI 17w Priceeach ZOP 25~ 29~ 35P 42~ 4 8 ~ 54~ 58~ MP electrical energy, electrical system produci motion, advantages an disadvantages, 178 electricitv. safety with. 87 electmeardiagraphy, 30 electromagnetic radiation, 56 electromechanical counters, 7 electronic(s), 61-122 constructional techniques, designing with, 644.69, 118-21 digid, 88-122 materials/fittings/wm used in. 50.624 ' Sinclair is one of the UK's largest prlvate engineering groups, with an reputation. The sealing / chesterfield range of products throughout the Midlands. You should have previous sales and mechanical engineering experience with a bias to maintenance products and mechanical engineering. The successful candidate will ideally be between 30 and 45 years of age living in the Midlands with a mechanical engineering background. Thecompany offera good basicsalary, commission and company car. Apply in writing, with full CV to. J. FORD SlNCLAlR SEALING SYSTEMS LTD. 16CANYONROAD, NETHERTON INDUSTRIALESTATE. BIRMINGHAM 82 OER Clos~ngdate 17 December 19- SlNCLAlR I Step Action g 1 Open the top cover 2 Set the MTR switch to MTR mode, that is, move it to the left. 3 Close the top cover Switch the system off Wait 5 seconds Task 5 Shaft limits Bearing Heavy loading Light loading 11 -I2 1 - 1 +0.003 4.005 When you read, it is important to have a clear purpose. Here are some of the purposes you may have for reading the above texts. Match one purpose to each text. finding a job pricing a component finding out how to do something choosing the best chapter to read looking for specific information on a topic learning about electrical equipment choosing a course looking for a specification / Task 6 Choosing a course requires careful reading of college and university brochures. Your purpose here is to iind the most appropriate course for each of the following prospective students. Use the Course Guide which follows and answer using the course code. A student who has just left school and wants to become a technician. A student who wants to design ships. A student who wants to get an engineering degree and also improve his knowledge of languages. A student who wants a degree eventually but whose qualifications at present are enough to start an HND course. A student who wants to work as an engineer with the air force. A technician employed by a company which installs electrical wiring in factories. A student with a National Certificate in Electrical Engineering who is prepared to spend another two years studying to improve her qualifications. A student interested in how micro-organisms can be used in industry. I EE22 m I ~ .~ ' ~ i ~ hNational ir Diploma in Electronic and Electrical ~n$iieering. Two years, full-time. For potential electronic andeiectrical engineers. The first year is common and the second year allows students to specialize in either electronic or electrical engineering subjects. Successful gstqdentsmay . . : continue to a degree course. . .. . . , .:'~&ionaicertificate in Electrical Engineering. One year, 'full-time. For potential technicians or for those who wish ain entry to an HND course. - er National Certificate Course in Electrical.. neering. Two years, day-release. This col provides the technical education required for technicians employed in the electrical installation industry. - H300 Bachelo! of Engineering (B Eng) Mechanical Engineeringfor Europe. Four -am, full-time; one year study and work attac nt inFurnc ~ermany. H400 Bachelor of Engineering (B Enyr - n t r ~ u ~ ..I tars Engineering. Three years, full-time, or f~ including one year of professional trainins nl thesi----' industry. HJ36 Bachelor of Engineering (B Eng) Naval Architectufeand Ocean Engineering. Three years, full-time. H340 Bachelor of Science (Engineering)- Mechanical -