Tài liệu Giáo án tiếng anh lớp 8 unit 8: country life and city life

Week: 16th Period: 47th UNIT 8 COUNTRY LIFE AND CITY LIFE Lesson 1 GETTING STARTED & LISTEN AND READ I. Objectives: 1. Educational aim: students get acquainted with the topic “Country Life And City Life”. 2. Teaching aim: By the end of the lesson , students will be able to talk about the city life the country life. II. Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: beautiful views, fresh food , traffic jam, relative, peaceful, permanently, remote, medical, accessible, definitely, change for the better. 2. Grammar: - Present progressive. - Comparative and superlative adjective. III. Techniques: Eliciting, True / False IV. Teaching aids : pictures, cassette, sub board. V. Procedures: Teacher’s activities 1. Warm –up -Asking some questions. a. Where do you live? b. Do you want to live in the country? Why? c. Do you want to live in the city? Why? 2. Pre-reading -Teach the new words. beautiful views (n): cảnh đẹp fresh food (n): thức ăn tươi traffic jam(n): tắt nghẽn giao thông relative(n): hoï haøng peaceful(adj): yeân bình, thanh bình permanently(adv):laâu daøi, maõi maõi remote(v): xa xoâi, heûo laùnh medical facilities (adj): cô sôû vaät chaát cho y teá. accessible (adj): (coù theå) tieáp caän ñöôïc definitely(adv): xaùc ñònh, ñònh roõ change for the better: thay ñoåi theo chieàu höôùng toát hôn - Ss how to read the words in the text. 3. While -reading: - Play the tape. Ask them to read the dialogue again. Students’ activities -Answer. -Guess the meaning. -Copy the new words. -Role-play. -Read and check. -Work in pairs. 101 Answer the questions. a) Where has Na been? Na has been to Kim Lien Village. b) How long was she there? She was there for the weekend. c) What is her opinion of the countryside? To her, the countryside is peaceful and quiet and there is nothing to do. d) Na said, “There is nothing to do”, what does she mean by this? There is no libraries, no movies, no supermarkets, no zoo… e) What are some of the change that Hoa mentions? Country is becoming better. Many remote area are getting electricity. People can now have things like refrigerators and TV medical facilities are more accessible. 4. Post -reading -divide the class into 4 groups. Two groups include students who prefer the city life and the others include students who prefer the country life. -ask them to work in groups to answer the questions. Do you prefer the city or the country life? Why? -ask them to report. 5. Homework: -Write 5 sentences about your country life or city life . -Do exercises in Workbook. -Prepare the part: Speak and listen - Answer the questions. a. Na has been to Kim Lien Village. b. She was there for the weekend. c. To her, the countryside is peaceful and quiet and there is nothing to do. d. There is no libraries, no movies, no supermarkets, no zoo… e. Country is becoming better. Many remote area are getting electricity. People can now have things like refrigerators and TV medical facilities are more accessible. -work in groups. -report. VI. Comments ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. _______________________ 102 Week: 16th Period: 48th UNIT 8 COUNTRY LIFE AND CITY LIFE Lesson 2 SPEAK + LISTEN I. Objectives: 1. Educational aims: Students know the difference about the city life and the country life. 2. Teaching aim : By the end of the lesson, students will be able to practice speaking about the changes of a place II. Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: 2. Grammar: - Present progressive/ - Comparative and superlative adjective. III. Techniques: Brainstorming, eliciting. IV Teaching aids: picture, cassette. V. Procedures: Teacher’s activites 1. Warm-up -Have the students answer some questions * Have you ever been in the city? * Do you prefer the city or the country? 2. Pre-speaking Look at the pictures then comparative the city and the country. The words in the box under the pictures may help the students. - Write the words prompts on the board so that can speak easily. Traffic busy Sky cloudy Houses high City beautiful Trees green 3. While -speaking - Get them to work in pairs. - Monitor and help students speak. - Have students practice in groups or individual - Check the mistakes and correct the answers. * Possible answer. - The town is becoming busier and noisier. - The traffic is becoming busy. - The buildings are becoming taller, more beautiful and modern. - The streets are getting dirty. - Things are getting more expensive. Student’ activites Answer. -Work in groups -Individuals -Work in pairs. -work in pairs. - Talk about the change in your 103 hometown. 4. Post – Speaking: - Ask students to talk about the change in your - Listen and fill hometown. - Set the scene: “Aunt Hang is talking to Lan on the -do the exercises. phone. She is coming to visit Lan in Hanoi”. - Ask them to listen to the tape and complete the dialogue on page 74. - Let them listen twice and find out the missing words. - Ask them to share their answer with their partners. - Call some students to read. - Write homework. 1. that 2. this 3. It’s 4. Where 5. From 6. coming 7. next week 8. arriving 9. Thursday 10. late afternoon 11. get LISTENING 1. Pre-listening -Listen to the teacher - Introduces the content of the dialogue -Guess and complete the dialogue -Asks sts to to read the dialogue carefully,then guess and complete the dialogue -Listen and complete 2. While-listening -Listen to the tape and complete the -Plays the tape twice dialogue -Call some pairs of students to read the dialogue 3. Post-Listening -Give the answer key: -Check their result them selves 1. that 2. this 3. It’s 4. Where 5. from 6. coming 7. week 8. arriving 9. Thursday 10. late 11. afternoon 12. speak 13. my 14. get 5. Homework: Do exercises in Workbook Prepare: Unit 8 ( READ ) *The content of listening Lan: Hello Aunt Hang: Hello, Is that Lan Lan: Yes. Who is this? Aunt Hang:It’s Aunt Hang. How are you? Lan: I’m fine. Where are you phoning from? Aunt Hang:Hue.I’m calling to tell you your Uncle Chi and I are coming to visit you next week Lan:Great! When are you arriving? Aunt Hang:On Thursday. We’re arriving in Ha Noi in the late afternoon Lan: Ok, Do you want to speak to my Mom? Aunt Hang: Yes, please Lan: Hold on a moment and I’ll get her 104 Week: 17th Period: 49th UNIT 8 COUNTRY LIFE AND CITY LIFE Lesson 3 READ I. Objectives : -By the end of the lesson, students should know more about the country life and the city life. -Reading comprehension about the problem of people from the countryside moving to the city. -By the end of the lesson, students will be able to understand the text about one of the social problem . II/ Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: rural, urban, well-paying, struggle, typhoon, flood, drought, destroy, increase, put a strain on, supply, tragedy 2. Grammar: (review) III/ Techniques: Skimming, scanning. Question and answer. True or false, brainstorming, multiple choice. IV/ Teaching aids: Picture, textbook. V. Procedures: Teacher’s activities 1. Warm up: *Jumbled words: -Write the words with disordered letters on the board: -fulenlpti - poontipula - tanaru – viroedp – suertl - lfdoo - roestdy 2. Pre-Reading : -Introduce the country life and the city life -Have student read silently the text and find the new words. + Explain some new words. - rural, urban, traditional, well paying, struggle, typhoon, flood, drought, destroy, increase, overcrowding, live apart, 3. While-Reading: *Gap-fling: -Have Students read the text again then fill in the blanks for the exercise 1/p75. Check and correct the answer. -Get feedback. *Answer key: Students’ activities -Play the game -Go to the board and write the correct words -plentiful – population – naturalprovide – result – flood - destroy -Read silently. -Give out the new words. Read the text again and notice how to pronunciation new words. -Read the text again then fill in the blanks for the exercise 1/p75. -Work in pairs. -Give the answer. 105 1. leaving 2. home 3. city 4. rural 5. rural 6. problems 7. schools 8. hospital 9. problem 10. world *Finding the words: -Have students read the text again then fill in the blanks for the exercise 1/p75. - Have students write the answers on their mini board. -Get feedback a. of the country b. as many as needed c. become greater or larger d. a great pressure e. a terrible event f. of the city or city life 4. Post-Reading: *discussion -Giving situation: If you were a Minister, what would you do for farmers? -Ask students work in groups and possible answers: +Build streets, theaters, stadium in the country +Build schools, hospital +Provide clean, electricity, facilities +Build factory 5 .Homework : -Rewrite the answer -Do exercises : (Workbook) -Lean new words by heart. -prepare the next lesson. (Writing) Read the text again then fill in the blanks for the exercise 1/p75. - Write the answers on their mini board. -Give the answer a. rural b. plentiful c. increase d. strain d. tragedy f. urban -Work in groups. - -write homework. VI. Comment........................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ _______________________ 106 Week: 17th Period: 50th COUNTRY LIFE AND CITY LIFE UNIT 8 Lesson 4 WRITE I. Objectives: -Writing letters to friends about the neighborhood. -By the end of the lesson, students will be able to write letters to their friends. II/ Language contents: 1/ Vocabulary: Ss’ background knowledge. 2/ Structures: the present simple tense. III/ Techniques: Questions and answers, group work, cross check. IV/ Teaching aids: Textbook. V. Procedures: Teacher’s activities 1. Warm up : - Ask them to put the out line for an informal letter in the correct order -Prepare 6 cards with 6 out line on them -Call six students to rearrange them in the correct order. -Write the answer on the board so that Ss can answer the outline of the letter. *a formal letter: 1. Heading: -Writer’s address. - Date 2. Opening : -Dear 3. Body of the letter: 4. Closing: 2. Pre-Writing: Ask Ss some questions -“Do you often write a letter to your friend? Or Did you receive a letter you’re your fiend?” -Ask Ss to work in pairs to answer the questions in exercise 2 (page 76) Give feedback a. Where do you live? b. What does your house look like? c. What can you see from your bedroom window? Students’ activities - Whole class. -Look at the card and choose the suitable outlines. - Take note the outline on the books and try to remember. -Answers - Work in pairs . a. I live in a small town /big house /village . b. My house looks very nice/small with 4/5 rooms c. From my bedroom window, I can see a 107 d. How far is it from your house to school ? e. What kind of facilities are there in your neighborhood? f. What thing in your neighborhood do you like best ? Why? -Check and correct. 3 .While-Writing: -Introduce the context . -Ask Ss to write letter to friend about their neighborhood. -Let them write individually -Ask ss to compare with their partners and correct if they can. 4. Post-Writing: -Choose some letters to correct before class. Model letter Dear Lan! Thanks for your letter. I’m pleased to tell you about my new house. Now I live in a small house on Dong Khoi street. It’s small but really beautiful. From my bedroom window, I can see a green rice paddy and a river. It’s not very far from my home to my school, about 1 km. So I walk to school everyday. In my neighborhood, there is a stadium, which I like best because I can go there to play soccer. I hope you can come to my place some day. Love Hai Thuy small park with many green trees and colorful flowers. d. It’s very near so I can walk to school . e. There is a hospital, a post office, two schools a market ……... f. I like ……….best .Because………. - Share and compare with other group -Read - Write letter to friend about their neighborhood -Write (Individual) - Compare with their partners and correct (self-correct / teacher corrects) - Read the letter. -Get feedback / Correct mistakes -Write homework. 5. Homework: -Do exercise inwork book. -Prepare the next lesson. VI. Comments ......................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... _______________________ 108 Week: 17th Period: 51th COUNTRY LIFE AND CITY LIFE UNIT 8 Lesson 5 I. Objectives: - Talk about the future events. - LANGUAGE FOCUS Talk about the differences. II. Language contents: - Grammar: The present progressive. Comparative and superlative adjectives. - Vocabulary: Long adjectives and short adjectives III. Techniques: Speaking, Writing, Completing. IV. Teaching aids: Pictures, Books, Real objects. V. Procedures: Teacher’s activities 1.2. Language focus 1 Ask them to do the exercise 1 on page 77. - Call on some students to practice the dialogue. - Give them the shipping information and ask them to make similar dialogues. Example: S1: is the boat to Quy Nhon leaving at 11.30? S2: Is that good fortune? S1: That’s right. S2: I’m very sorry. It’s been delayed. S1: Oh no S2: Now, it’s leaving at 13.35. Example 2. S1:s the boat from Canada arriving at 11.00? S2: Are you talking about Diamond Eyes? S1: Yes. S2: it’s arriving on time. 2. Language focus 2 - Ask them to use the suitable verbs the present progressive tense to complete the dialogue in exercise 2 page 78. -get some pairs to practice the dialogues before the class and correct. Students’ activities - Practice with a partner. S1: The boat from Canada arriving at 11.00? S2: Are you talking about Diamond Eyes? S1: Yes. S2: it’s arriving on time. - Give the answer: a. am playing b. are doing a. am watching d. am going e. are cleaning f. am having 109 * Answer a. am playing b. are doing a. am watching d. am going e. are cleaning f. am having 3. Language focus 3 - Give the form: Be + V- ing Use: describe changes with “get” and “become” - Ask them to do the exercises. - Give the answer. a. The boys are getting tall. b. The old men are becoming weak. c. It is getting dark. d. The weather is getting cold. e. The students are getting better. f. The schoolyard is becoming cleaner. 4. Language focus 4.5 Remind students of the form of comparative and superlative a. Comparative -…short adjective-ER+than +…… -…more + Long Adjectives + than +……… b. Superlative S + Be + The + Short Adjective – EST + …… S + Be + The + Most - long Adjective + … c. Irregular adjectives: Good / well - better - the best Bad - worse - the worst Many - more - the most Little - less - the least c. Practice : -Ask students to do exercise 4 on page 79 -They have to work in pairs to make the different between the city and the country about food ,traffic, transport, air, entertainment, medical facilities, school, electricity with the adjectives easy, expensive, cheap, good, bad, poor, big, accessible, fresh . -Have students correct themselves. - Give the answer. a. The boys are getting tall. b. The old men are becoming weak. c. It is getting dark. d. The weather is getting cold. e. The students are getting better. f. The schoolyard is becoming cleaner. - Give structures - Give examples - Listen and write - Do exercises 4 - Work in pairs - Correct 110 -Then correct for them. -Ask students to do exercise 5 on page 79 -Ask them to read the advertisement then ask them some questions to check their understanding. 5. Homework: -do the exercises again -Prepare the revision. - Do exercise 5 THE TEN – MINUTE TEST 1. Write 5 sentences about the changes in your hometown. 2. Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the sentences printed before it (2.0pts) : a. Ba is taller than Minh -> Minh is not ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. b. She is more intelligent than her sister -> Her sister is not …………………………………………………………………… c. Nobody in my class is better than Hoa-> Hoa is the…………………………………………………………………………………. d. My bad is different from yours ->Your bag is not as…………………………………………………………………………….. e. A dress is more expensive than a shirt -> A shirt is ……………………………………………………………………………… * KEY AND MARKS : 1. 5Marks : - (1 m / 1 s ) . Students answer themselves 2. 5 Marks : - (1 m / 1 s ) . a. Minh is not as tall as Ba . b. Her sister is not as intelligent as her . c.Hoa is the best student in my class . d. Your bag is not the same as mine(my bad) c. A shirt is cheaper than a dress . Khoái Toång Ñieåm >= 5 Ñieåm 8 - 10 Ñieåm 0 - 3 Ghi chuù SL % SL % SL % lôùp soá 22 8A2 23 8A3 V. Comments:....................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ _______________________ 111 Week: 17th Period: 52nd REVISION OF THE FIRST TERM I .Objectives: 1 .Educational aims: By the end of the lesson, students should understand all words and structures they have learnt. 2. Teaching aims: II. Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: review. 2. Grammar: present progressive, simple present, present perfect… III. Teaching aids: IV .Techniques: picture description / True / False guessing, question-answer, multiple choice. V. Procedures: I. Summary of tenses 1. Simple present tense I / We / You / They / + V + O He / She / It … + V(s/es ) + O 2. Simple Past Tense S + V ( simple past ) + O 3. Simple future Tense (Thì Töông Lai Ñôn): S + Will + V + O 4. Present Perfect Tense: S + Have / Has + Vpp + O * Negative: S + Have / Has + Not + Vpp + O * Question: Have / Has + S + Vpp + O? 5 . S + Be + (Not) + Adjective + Enough + To- infinitive Eg : He is not old enough to go to cshool. ( He is not old .He can’t go to school) . 6.Talking about intentions with “going to”. Eg : I am going to go to Da Lat next Sunday 7. Reflexive pronoun Pronouns proflexive I myself 112 You yourself / yourselves He himself She herself We ourselves They themselves 8 .Used to : Ñaõ töøng (habit in the past : dieãn taû thoùi quen trong quaù khöù) *.PREPOSITIONS OF TIME : GIÔÙI TÖØ CHÆ THÔØI GIAN - On+ thöù / ngaøy /thaùng ngaøy. - In + thaùng / naêm / muøa / buoåi . - At night / … o’clock. - For + 1 khoaûng thôøi gian (a year / a week / Two days / a long time ….) - Since + 1 moác thôøi gian (1989 / last year / yesterday …) - Between …… and………. - Up to / until . Choose the best answer: 1. They ‘ve studied……six o’clock . a.in b.at c.since d.for 2 My mother was ….last night, so we went out for dinner. a. tired enough to cook b .too tired to cook c . tired for cooking 3 . ….have you lived in thisn town ? (a. how much / how many /how far / how long) 4. Airmail is ….expensive than surface mail . (a. the most / the same / as 5. It’s two years since I last ……Joe . / more) (a. see / saw ./ have seen / seeing) 6. He went to school late because he stuck in the … …this morning . a. rush hour b. traffic light c . traffic jam d . cross road 7. Typhoons ,floods or droughts can easly ….,a harvest a. destroy b. finish c. provide 8. Which one is …..,milk or orange juice ? (better 9. It …….in winter ; Now it ………. b. rains / doesn’t rain d. defeat / good / the best / well) (a. is raining / doesn’t rain c. rains / isn’t raining d. is raining / isn’t raining 10. The climate is ………hotter and hotter . 113 a. coming b. becoming c. getting d. b&c are correct 11. The party was great and we enjoy …..very much . (ourself / ourselves / usselves) 12. Our team won the game because we played very ……. … (well / goodly / better) 13. Her mother is the …….age as yours . (similar / same / as / diffirent) 14. We spent a lot of time …… that work . (to do / doing / do / does) 15. You ……..go to school late . (must / must not / don’t have to / have to) . Homework -learn by heart structures. -Prepare: Commands, request and advice in reported speech. VI. Comments ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. _______________________ th Week: 17 Teaching Day: 21/12/2012 REVISION OF THE FIRST TERM I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should understand all words and structures they have learnt. . II. Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: review 2 .Grammar * Commands, request and advice in reported speech *Comparative III. Teaching aids: IV. Techniques: True / False guessing, question-answer, multiple choice. V. Procedures: 1 Commands, request and advice in reported speech. (caâu töôøng thuaät) a.Report Commands and requestudents: töôøng thuaät laïi caâu yeâu caàu vaø caâu meänh leänh S + asked / told + me + to infinitive. b. Report advices: töôøng thuaät laïi moät lôøi khuyeân . S + said + S + should + V(infinitive). 2. Comparative . so saùnh . a. Equative: so saùnh baèng S + be (not) + as + Ajective + as ……… 114 b. Comparative: so saùnh hôn S + Be + Short Adjective – ER + Than + ….. S + Be + More -Long Adjective + Than + ….. c. Superlative: so saùnh nhaát S + Be + The + Short Adjective – EST + Noun S + Be + The + Most - Long Adjective + Noun Short Ajective : tính töø ngaén (tt moät aâm tieát) I/ Rewrite the following sentences: 1 Ba said to Khanh " Can you work harder, please ? " Ba asked........................................................................................................................................................ 2 My father said to me " You should live better" My father said ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Minh said to his sister " Please buy me a newspaper" Minh told........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Jill is more intelligent than Bill. (as…..as) Bill isn't.......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Your hair is black. My hair is black, too. (the same) Your hair color .....................................as................................................................................................... 6 The film was so boring, but I thought it was interesting. (different from) The film was quite……………………..what............................................................................................................ 7 He has worked for this company for ten years. He started....................................................................................................................................................... 8 Lan last visited her mother 2 months ago. Lan has not..................................................................................................................................................... 9 I went to the dentist's. I had a decaying tooth. (because) I went ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 It's dangerous to leave medicine around the house. Leaving IV. Homework -learn by heart structures. -Prepare: . FORM OF VERBS :( DAÏNG ÑOÄNG TÖØ ) V. Comments ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. _______________________ 115 Week: 18th Period: 54th REVISION OF THE FIRST TERM I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should understand all words and structures they have learnt. II. Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: review 2 .Grammar : to – infinitives, bare – infinitives, gerund. III. Teaching aids : IV. Techniques: True / False guessing, question-answer, multiple choice. V. Procedures: Review all the structures from unit 1 to unit 8. Acticity 1. FORM OF VERBS: (DAÏNG ÑOÄNG TÖØ) Coù 3 daïng ÑT: Bare infinitive (V). To infinitive (To V). Gerund (V-ing ) 1. Bare infinitive (V) . Ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu ñöùng sau caùc ñoäng töø sau: Modal Verbs / would rather / had better / let / make / feel / see / hear / notice/used to …+ V 2. To infinitive (To V). Ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù to ñöùng sau caùc ñoäng töø sau: -want / intend / decide / expect / hope / mean / offer / promise / refuse / wish / ask / invite/ agree/ advise / start / try / remember / would like / stop / like …..+ To infinitive - Be + Adjectives + To infinitive . - Be + Adjectives + enough + To infinitive. - Be + too + Adjectives + To infinitive . 3. Gerunds after some words : Ñoäng töø gerund (V-ing ) ñöùng sau caùc ñoäng töø sau: - like, love, dislike, hate , enjoy , avoid, stop , suggest, ask + V-ing start , begin , try , mind, finish,tell - Prepositions ( on / in / of / for/ of /at …….) + V(infinitive) - Be + Adjective + to infinitive - Be + Adjective + enough + to infinitive - Be + too + adj + to infinitive Activity 2. COMPARATIVE. SO SAÙNH . Examples: 1, I like playing tennis. 2, They love reading novels . 3, Would you mind telling me the way to the post office ? 4, We should avoid drugs . 5, He enjoys listening to music. 6. My mother is interested in watching TV. 7. He is fond of traveling. 116 8. They refuse to go out. 9. We decided to go to Da lat. 10 . It ‘s very difficult to learn Chinese. (underline the word or phrase that would bet complete the sentences) 1. He hasn’t been here (for / since / at ) Christmas. 2. The children shouldn’t (to play / play / playing) football in the street. 3. If you are not careful, you will cut (herself/ himself/ yourselves). 4. John is as (as tall as/ taller as / tall as) Tom. 5. We must be there (between / in / at) 9.30 and 10.30. 6. He enjoy (reading / to read / reads) picture books. 7. Mai is the (most intelligent / the most intelligent / intelligent ) girl in her class. 8. A car is (expensive / more expensive/ expensiver) than a motorbike. 9. Do you need any help ? ( Sure / No problem / Yes. That ‘s very kind of you) 10. My father has worked for his company (for / since / in) 20 years. 11. He plays (skillful / skillfully / skill) 12. (Scout / Scouting / Scouting) began in England in 1907. 13. The boys are (get / getting / gets) taller. IV. Homework -learn by heart structures. V. Comments ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. _______________________ 117 Week: 18th Teaching Day: 23/12/2012 REVISION OF THE FIRST TERM I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students should understand all words and structures they have learnt. II. Language contents: 1. Vocabulary: review. 2. Grammar: present progressive, simple present, present perfect… III. Techniques: picture description / True / False guessing, question-answer, multiple choice. IV. Teaching aids: Textbook, chalk… V. Procedures: *Activity 1 Give the structures: 1. Present Simple tense. (Thì hieän taïi ñôn) - Use: Ñeå dieãn taû caùc söï vieäc moät caùch toång quaùt, khoâng nhaát thieát chæ nghó ñeán hieän taïi. Ta duøng thì naøy ñeå noùi ñeán mot söï vieäc naøo ñoù xaûy ra lieân tuïc ,laëp ñi laëp laïi nhieàu laàn, hay moât ñieàu gì ñoù luoân luoân ñuùng, duø cho söï vieäc ñoù coù xaûy ra ngay taïi luùc noùi hay khoâng laø ñieàu khoâng quan troïng. - Form: + S + V/Vs / es + ……………………. Ex -The earth goes around the sun. - S + don’t/doesn’t + V+ ……………….. -We don’t have classes on Sunday. ? Do/Does + S + V + ………………….? - Does Lan speak French? 2. (not) adjective + enough + infinitive (khoâng) ñuû ……………….. ñeå Ex: The water is hot enough for me to drink. She isn’t old enough to be in my class 3. Near Future: Be going to ( thì töông lai gaàn ) - Form : S + is / am/ are + going to + Vinf - Use : Duøng khi noùi veà moät vieäc maø ai ñoù quyeát ñònh seõ laøm hay döï ñònh seõ laøm trong töông lai. Ex : There is a good film on TV tonight. I’m going to stay home to watch TV . - Note : Be going to coøn duøng ñeå döï ñoaùn moät tình huoáng coù theå xaûy ra Ex: I feel tired . I think I’m going to be sick. 4. Adverb of place (Traïng töø chæ nôi choán): out side, inside, there, here, upstairs, downstairs ,next to, under ,………….. Ex: The money was finally found under the boards. 5. Reflexive pronouns. (Ñaïi töø phaûn thaân): myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves . - Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng trôû laïi vôùi chính ngöôøi thöïc hieän . + Noù coù theå laøm tuùc töø (Object). Ex: Be careful.. You’ll cut yourself. + Noù ñöùng ngay sau töø maø noù laøm maïnh nghóa. Ex: An sent this letter itself. - Ñaïi töø phaûn thaân laøm maïnh nghóa cho chuû töø. Noù ñöùng ngay sau chuû töø, hoaëc ñöùng ôû cuoái meänh ñeà /caâu. Ex: Mary herself cleaned the floor. 6. Modal verbs - Form : + S + modal verb + V + ………. Ex : I can sing very well. 118 - S + modal verb + not + V + ……… Ex : Hoa may not come to the party tomorrow. ? Modal verb + S + V + ………….? Ex : May I come in ? - Modal verb : must, ought to, have to,should * MUST: laø khieám trôï ñoäng töø (a modal) dieãn taû söï baét buoäc hay söï caàn thieát coù tính chuû quando caûm nghó cuûa ngöôøi noùi. (Ex: He must do this exercise again), hay dieãn taû tính qui taéc hay leà luaät . (Ex: We must drive on the right) * HAVE TO : dieãn taû söï baét buoäc hay söï caàn thieát coù tính khaùch quan – do yeáu toá beân ngoaøi. Ex: Your eyes are weak. You have to wear glasses. * OUGHT TO + V(base form) (neân): dieãn taû lôøi khuyeân. Ex: We ought to obey our parents. * SHOULD: dieãn taû lôøi khuyeân. Ex: You should help the needed children. * MAY / CAN / COULD: ñöôïc duøng ñeå dieãn taû lôøi yeâu caàu hay ñeà nghò. - Yeâu caàu söï giuùp ñôõ: Can / Could + you + V + O / A, please ?(Ex: Can you help me, please.) - Ñeà nghò giuùp ai: May + I + V + O/A ?; Let + me + V + O/A. ; Do you need any help? Shall + I + V + O / A ? Ex: May I help you? * WILL: duøng ñeå dieãn taû lôøi yeâu caàu , ñeà nghò hoaëc lôøi höùa - Will + you + V + O + A / M , please? Dieãn taû lôøi yeâu caàu. Ex: Will you turn of the fan, please? I’m cold. - I + will + V + O + A / M ? dieãn taû lôøi ñeà nghò laøm ñieàu gì cho ai . Ex: The phone is ringing . I’ll answer for you. - S + will + V + O + A / M ? dieãn taû lôøi höùa . Ex: I’m sory. This won’t happen again. * Would / Do you + mind + . . . + ? dieãn taû lôøi yeâu caàu lòch söï . - Would you mind + V-ing ( gerund) ? Ex:Would you mind telling me the result of the exam. - Would / Do you mind if + I + V . . .? dieãn taû yeâu caàu ñöôïc laøm ñieàu gì Ex: Would you mind if I opened the window? Do you mind if I open the window? 7. Questions with “WHY”: Duøng ñeå hoûi veà nguyeân nhaân hay lyù do Why + do / aux. V + S + Vm + O...? Ex: Why do they cover the electric sockets? Ñeå traû lôøi cho caâu hoûi vôùi WHY ta coù theå duøng : - Meänh ñeà vôùi “because”. Ex: Why do you get up early? – Because I want to do exercise. - Cuïm ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu. Ex: Why do you do exercise? – To keep healthy. 8. Past Simple Tense (Thì quaù khöù ñôn) - Use: Dieãn taû haønh ñoäng xaûy ra vaø keát thuùc taïi moät thôøi ñieåm xaùc ñònh ôû quaù khöù - Form: + S + V-ed(regular) / V2 ( column irregular) + ………… Ex : - He arrived here yesterday. - S + didn’t + V + …………………. - She didn’t go to school yesterday. ? Did + S + V + …………………… ? - Did you clean this table? - Note: Thì quaù khöù ñôn thöôøng ñöôïc duøng vôùi caùc cum töø chæ thôøi gian xaùc ñònh ôû quaù khöù : last week / month / year . . ., a week / 3 days / 5 months . . . , yesterday, yesterday morning / evening, In+ naêm, from 2000 to2005 - Caùch ñoïc caùc ñoâng töø ôû quaù khöù ñôn vôùi “ ED”: + “ ED”: ñöôïc ñoïc laø /t/ khi nhöõng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù aâm taän cuøng laø /f/, /k/, /p/, /s/,/t/, //. 119 Ex : laughed , asked , helped , watch , pushed , dressed , …………… + “ ED”: ñöôcï ñoïc laø /id/ khi nhöõng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù aâm taän cuøng laø /d/ vaø /t/ Ex : needed , wanted , waited , …….. + “ ED”: ñöôcï ñoïc laø /d/ khi nhöõng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu coù aâm taän cuøng laø caùc aâm coøn laïi Ex : enjoyed , saved , filled ,………. 9. Preposition of time (Giôùi töø chæ thôøi gian) : at, in ,on, from . . . to, for, by - AT : + moät ñieåm thôøi gian cuï theå Ex : We have class at one o’clock. + night Ex : I sleep at night. - IN : + thaùng/naêm cuï theå Ex : I was born 1994 + the morning/afternoon / evening Ex : We have class in the morning. - ON: + ngaøy trong tuaàn Ex : We have class on Monday. + ngaøy thaùng naêm Ex: I was born on April 6, 2006 - FROM + moät ñieåm thôøi gian + TO + moät ñieåm thôøi gian Ex: We have class from 7.00 to 10.15 - FOR: + moät khoaûng thôøi gian : ñeå noùi raèng moät caùi gì ñoù dieãn ra bao laâu roài Ex : We walked for 2 hours to reach the waterfall. 10. Used to + V(bare form): dieãn taû moät thoùi quen trong quaù khöù nay khoâng coøn Ex: He used to play tennis. * Note : Söï töông phaûn: USED TO + V(bare form) (Ñaõ töøng ) BE / GET + USED TO + NOUN PHRASE / GERUND (Quen) Ex: Ba was born in a farmer family. He’s used to working in the sun. 120