Tài liệu Dạy học theo chuẩn kiến thức-kĩ năng môn tin học lớp 10-hồ cẩm hà

004.071 D112H HO CAM H A (Chu bien) - NGUVeN THE LOC LE THUY THACH - NGUVeN CHI TRUNG DAY HOC THEO CHUAN KIEN THlTC, Kl NANG mon DINH Hl/dNG DAY HQC THEO CHUAN KIEN THUfC, Kl NANG THIET KE BAI HOC THEO CHUAN KIEN THiJC, Kl NANG NHA XUAT BAN DAI HQC SU PHA^ I HO CAM HA (Chu bien) - NGUYEN THE LQC LE THUY THACH - NGUYEN CHI TRUNG DAY HOC THEO CHUAN KIEN THIJnC, KI NANG MON m oc Ldp * Djnh hudng day hoc theo chuan kien thut, ki nang * Thiet kebai hoc theo chuan kien thut, kinang THL^ MlEhi TiWM : : M H T H U A N NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOC SU PHAM Muc luc Ldi gi6i thieu 5 PHAN I. D!NH H l / d N G DAY HOC TIN HOC 10 THEO CHUAN KIEN THLTC, KT N A N G 7 PHAN II. THIET KE CAC BAI HOC TRONG SACH GIAO KHOA TIN HOC 10 THEO CHUAN KIEN T H C T C , KI NANG 17 t h u d n g 1. Mot so khai niem c d ban cua Tin hoc A. G i d l T H I E U C H a O N G 17 B, T H I E T K E C A C B A I H O C 18 ^ ^ ^ § 1 . Tin h o c i a mot nganh khoa hoc 18 §2. T h o n g tin v a d u ' l i e u 22 Bai tap va thi/c tianh 1: L a m q u e n v 6 i t h o n g tin v a m a h o a t h o n g tin 29 §3. Gi6i thieu v e m a y tinh ^[ ' 31 Bai tap va thuc hanh 2: L a m q u e n v d i m a y tfnh \. Bai t o a n v a t h u a t t o a n 40 45 §5. N g o n ngiJ l a p trinh 56 §6. Giai bai t o a n tren m a y t i n h . . . . 60 §7. P h a n m e m m a y tinh 66 • §8. NhCng Cfng d u n g c u a tin h o c 68 §9. T i n h p c v a x a hoi 73 ChUdng 2. He dieu hanh 76 A. G i a i T H I E U C H U - a N G 76 B. T H I E T K E C A C B A I H O C 77 §10. K h a i n i e m he d i e u h a n h 77 • J §11. T e p v a q u a n If t e p 84 §12. G i a o tiep v d i he d i e u h a n h 92 Bai tap va thitc hanh 3: L a m q u e n v d i h e d i e u h a n h '* 17 99 Bai tap va thi/c hanh 4: G i a o tiep v d i he d i e u h a n h W i n d o w s 103 Bai tap va thac hanh 5: T h a o t a c v d i t e p v a t h u m u c 106 C h u d n g 3. S c a n thao v a n ban A. G I O I T H I E U C H L / O N G 110 ^ B. T H I E T K E C A C B A I H O G 110 112 §14. K h a i n i e m v e s o a n t h a o v S n b a n 112 §15. L a m q u e n v d i M i c r o s o f t W o r d 120 Bai tap va thuc hanh 6: L a m q u e n v d i W o r d 126 3 §16. Dinh dang vSn ban Bai tap va thuc hanh 7: D i n h d a n g v S n b a n 129 134 142 Bai tap 138 § 1 7 . M o t sochLTc nSng k h a c 135 Bai tap § 1 8 . C a c cong c u t r o g i u p soan t h a o 8: S i r d u n g m o t s o c o n g c u t r o g i u p s o a n t h a o 145 154 Bai tap 150 § 1 9 . T a o v a l a m viec v d i b a n g 147 Bai tap va tht/c hanh 159 O n t a p c u o i chiJOng 157 Bai tap va thi/c hanh 9: B a i t a p v a thiJc h a n h tdng h o p ChUdng 4. Mang may tinh va Internet 163 164 B. T H I E T K E C A C B A I H O C 163 A. G l O i T H I E U C H L / O N G 183 § 2 2 . M o t s o dich v u c o b a n c u a I n t e r n e t 177 § 2 1 . M a n g t h o n g tin t o a n c a u I n t e r n e t 164 § 2 0 . M a n g m a y ti'nh 11: Thu d i e n tCr v a m a y t l m k i e m t h o n g tin Bai tap va tht/c hanh 10: SLT d u n g trinh d u y e t Internet E x p l o r e r Bai tap va tht/c hanh 191 195 3>iT?iHI .8 rn V _ 00 r. osntfit-.'" orr. 4 • LCII GI61 THIEU • Ngay 05/05/2006, Bo t r i r o n g 8 6 G i a o due va D a o tao da kf Quyet d i i i h so 1 6 / 2 0 0 6 / Q D - B G D D T vd viee ban hanh C h u o n g t i i n h G i a o due pho t h o n g . Co the: n o i : D i e m m o i eiia C h u o n g t n n h G i a o due pho t h o n g liin nay la dira Chuiin k i e n thire, kT nang vao thanh phiin eua Chucnig t r i n h G i a o due pho t h o n g , d a m bao viee ehi dao day hoe, k i e n i t i a , danh gia theo ehufin k i e n thi're, k i nang tao nen su t h o n g nhat t r o n g ca nuoe. Chu;1n k i e n thi're. kT nang duoe ihi hien, cu the' hoa a eae c h i i 66 eua c h u o n g t r i n h m o n hoc, theo t i m g l o p hoc; d o n g thoi eung duge the hien a phan e u d i eua c h u o n g t r i n h m 6 i cap hoc. Trong eae k i thi tot nghiep T r u n g hoc pho thong, tuye'n sinh D a i hoc - Cao dang, O l y m p i c quoe gia va qudc te n h u n g n a m gan day, n h i ^ u thu khoa la H S thuoc n h u n g v u n g cue k i k h o khan vd d i d u k i e n k i n h te xa h o i , chua bao g i o biet den Id liiyeii rlii\e biet co em la H S dan toe doat huy c h u o n g vang O l y m p i c T o a n quoe te. D a y la dii'u hieu ti'ch cue: Cac em H S chi can duoc nha truoiig, Ciic thay co giao t6 ehirc day hoc de nfim v u n g k i e n tluic, k l nang co ban. biet t u d u y .sang tao tren nen k i e n thirc. kT nang c o ban la co the dat ket qua cao t r o n g cac k l t h i . N'hin c h u n g , 6 cac t r u d n g pho t h o n g hien nay. budc dau da van d u n g duge Cluian k i e n thi're, kT nang t r o n g giang d a y . hoc tap. k i c m tra, danh gia; song van chua dap I'rng dirge yeu eiiii ciia d o i n i d i g i a o due pho t h o n g , can phai duge ticp tiic quan t a m . c h u t r o n g hon nua. N h a m gop phan khac phuc han che nay, N h a xuat ban D a i hoc Sir pham to chu'c bien soan. xuat biin b g sach Day hoc theo Chuan k i e n thiie. k i nang. Bo sach Day hoc theo Chudii kien thuc, ki nang g i i i p G V hieu ro hon, cu the, ehi tiet, tirdng n i i n h cac yen cfiu co ban, tdi tliicu v6 kien thiie, kT nang cua Chuiin k i e n thuc. kT nang de co the phat huy nang lire sang tao. k h o n g qiui Ic thuoc vao sach giao k h o a va co the lien he v d i thuc tien l a m cho bai day sinh d o n g ma k h o n g l o '"cluiy giao an. bo sot noi d u n g , ckiy lac d e . . . " . dac biet la gop phan khac phiic t i n h traiig qua l a i , huon te t r o n g giang day. hoc tap. Cdu true chung cua bp sdch gom ba phdn chinh: Plidii I: D i n h hirdtng day hoc T i n hoc 10 theo chuain kien thi'rc. kT nang Pluhi II: Thiet ke cac bai hoc t r o n g sach giao khoa T i n hoc 10 theo c h u i i n k i e n thirc, kT nang. Trong cuon Day hoc theo Chudn kien thitc, ki nang mon Tin hoc 10 nay, m o t so cau h o i , b a i tap d u g c I 6 n g g h e p vao cac tiet hoc theo d i i n g phan phoi chirong t r i n h . Bo sach Day hoc theo Chudn kien thi'rc, ki nang c6 sir t h a m gia b i e n soan, gop y cua n h i e u nha khoa hoc, nha su p h a m , cac can bo n g h i e n ci'ru va c h i dao c h u y e n m o n , cac G V day g i o i a d i a p h u a n g . H i v o n g Day hoc Chudn kien thifc, ki nang theo se la bo sach t h a m khao hiru ich d o i v o i can bo quan if g i a o due, G V t r o n g ca nirac, h6 t r g thirc hien y e u c^u d o i m o i phirong phap day hoc, d o i m o i k i e m t r a , d a n h gia t r o n g g i a o due pho t h o n g . Nguyen Hai C h a u P h o V u trirang V u G i a o due T r u n g hoc ;j • . ri/l ) •k . . /•!({ \hi\n )iU <\A\y , (I (iiAki -.uxK . -j') ii - u n -L:. ^ : i iOiiil/ of! f {; \ ,: i . • • - ; ; . ;;uA} • • 1 TM 6 Phanl DINH HirONG DAY HOC TIN HOC 10 • • • • THEO CHUAN KIEN THUTC, Kl NANG 1. V e c h u a n k i e n thuc, k i n a n g , thai do v a chirofng t n n h Chuan k i e n thiic, kT nang la can c u phap l i c h o n j p i hoat d o n g , tir viec b i e n soan ( S G K , S G V , tai l i e u b o i d u o n g G V ) , d e n tridn k h a i day hoc (xac d j n h m u c tieu, n o i d u n g ciia qua t n n h day h o c , k'lim tra danh g i a , d o i m d i phucmg phap day h o c ) . r V i e c hieu d u n g , hie'u sau s^c va n ^ m v u n g chuan k i e n thuc, kT nang la m o t yeu cSu thiet y e u d o i v a i m 6 i G V v a can b o quan l i giao due. D u d i day l a toan van Chuan k i e n thirc, kT nang m o n T i n hoc I d p 10 d u o c ban hanh t r o n g Q u y e t d i n h so 1 6 / 2 0 ( ) 6 / O D - B G D & D T ngay 05 thang 0 5 n a m 2 0 0 6 cua B o t r u d n g B o G i a o due va D a o tao. Mure do can dat Chu de Ghi c h u Mot so khai niem c d ban c u a Tin hoc Kien 1. Gi6i thieu nganh khoa hoc Tin hoc thut • Biet Tin hoc la mot nganh khoa hoc c6 doi tuong, noi dung va phu'dng phap nghien cuU rieng. Biet may tfnh vC/a la doi tuong nghien cuU, la cong cu. visa - Lay cac vi du ve ung dung Tin hoc trong doi song thudng ngay. • Biet daoc su" phat trien manh me cua Tin hoc do nhu cau cua xa hoi. • Biet cac dSc trung UU viet cua may tinh. • Biet dUdc mot so ifng dung cua Tin hoc va may tinh dien tu" trong cac hoat dong cua doi song. Kien 2. Thong tin va dQ lieu thiic • Biet khai niem thong tin, luong thong tin, cac dang thong tin, ma hoa thong tin cho may tinh. • Biet cac dang bleu dien thong tin trong may tinh. 7 Chude Mure d o c a n d a t Ghi c h u • H i e u d o n vi d o t h o n g tin la bit va c a c d d n vi boi c u a bit. • Biet c a c he d e m c a s o 2, 16 t r o n g b i e u ' d i e n t h o n g tin. — —.1^ r-^ —. . Ki nang • B y d c d a u m a hoa d u o c t h o n g tin d o n g i a n t h a n h d a y bit. Kien thuc - J. V o n N e u m a n n . v e m a y tinh d e giai thich. • Biet m a y t i n h l a m v i e c t h e o n g u y e n li 3. G i 6 i t h i e u cua kien true may may tinh. - • Biet chLfc nSng c a c thiet bi chi'nh c u a V e luoc d o khai q u a t GV chi d a n phong may. • N h a n biet 6\Jac c a c bo p h a n c h i n h c u a phan cua Ki nang cac m a y tinh tinh bp tai m a y tinh. n h u tim ude ehung c a c tinh c h a t c u a t h u a t t o a n . mot s o bai toan don gian • Biet khai n i e m bai t o a n v a t h u a t t o a n , - Trinh bay thuat toan giai Kien thifc • H i e u e a c h bieu d i e n t h u a t t o a n b a n g s o • Hieu mot so thuat toan thong d u n g . thuat t o a n d o k h o i v a b a n g Met ke c a c b u d c . 4 . Bai t o a n va KInang Ion nhat cua hai so t u nhien, kiem tra mot so t u nhien la so nguyen to hay khong, tim kiem va sap xep mot day so nguyen. • X a y d u n g d u o c t h u a t t o a n giai m o t s o bai t o a n d o n g i a n bSng s o d o k h o i h o a c liet ke c a c b u 6 c . Kien thiic - N e n dUa mot so vi du g a n gui vol HS de mo p h o n g cho cac thuat toan. - Ghi n h d viec c a n dich h o p ngU s a n g ngon n g i i h o p ngCr v a n g o n n g U b a c c a o . lap trinh tu • Biet d u p e 5. N g o n n g u khai niem ngon ngu may, ngon ngiJ bac cao, may. Kien thut . • Biet c a c b u d e c o b a n khi t i e n h a n h giai c h o n c a u true d u l i e u , viet c h u o n g t r i n h , tinh d i e n tCr xay toan tren m a y t o a n t r e n m a y t i n h : x a c d i n h bai t o a n , 6. Giai bai d u n g v a lUa c h o n t h u a t t o a n , lua h i e u e h i n h , dUa ra k e t q u a va h u o n g d a n - Lay npi d u n g thUc te de minh hoa. - Ghi n h d c a c b u o c tren e6 the lap lai nhieu Ian. SLf d u n g . 8 Chude MCrc d o c a n d a t Kien Ghi c h u thut 7. P h a n m e m • Biet khai n i e m phan m e m m a y tinh. - K e dupe c a c loai p h a n may ti'nh • P h a n biet d u o c p h a n m e m h e t h o n g v a m e m Ung d u n g . • p h a n m e m Cfng d u n g . Kien thiic • Biet dupe l i n g d u n g c h u y e u c u a T i n 8. C a c Crng hoc t r o n g c a c ITnh VL/C d o i s o n g xa h o i . dung cua • Biet Tin h o c rang c 6 the sCr d u n g mot so chu'dng trinh ifng d u n g d e n a n g c a o hieu - Lay c a c Ung d u n g T i n h o c t r o n g t r u o n g , 6 dia phuong de minh hoa. q u a h o c t a p , l a m viec va giai tri. Kien thut • Biet du'pc a n h hudng c u a T i n h o c d o i 9. T i n h o c va xa h o i . v6i su" phat trien c u a xa h o i . - N e n gidi thieu m o t s o • Biet du'pc nhC/ng v a n d e t h u p c vSn hoa dieu luat, nghi d i n h v e va p h a p luat t r o n g xa hoi tin h o c h o a . ban Thai do pham • C o h a n h vi va thai d p d u n g d ^ n v e nude ta. quyen, Tin chong hoc toi cua nhC/ng v a n d e d a o dire lien quan d e n viec SLTdung m a y t i n h . II. H e d i e u h a n h Kien thub - K h o n g g a n CLfng v a o mot he dieu h a n h c u the • Biet khai n i e m h e d i e u h a n h . 1. Khai n i e m he dieu h a n h • Biet chLfc n a n g va c a c t h a n h c h i n h c u a h e dieu h a n h . phan nao, ma trinh bay nhung nguyen li chung. - He dieu hanh dupe xet dudi goc do ngudi scrdung. Kien 2. T e p va quan li t e p f/7uc • Hieu khai niem tep va quy tac dat ten tep. - C a n x a y dUng c a c b a i • Hieu khai n i e m thu" m u c , c a y thu" m u c . thuc Ki thuc hien tai p h o n g m a y nang • Nhan dang duong dan. dUpc ten tep, t h u muc, h a n h va to chUc de H S dat dupe nhUng ki n a n g t h e o y e u c a u . • oat d u o c ten t e p . t h u m y c . Kien thiit 3. Giao tiep vdi he dieu • Hieu dUdc q u y trinh n a p h e dieu h a n h , dieu xCr l a m viec v d i he d i e u h a n h va ra khoi Windows. he t h o n g . - hanh li tep va - Thuc hanh hanh Phan cu tren the he la biet c a c e a c h Chu de Mure do can dat • Hieu dircfc cac thao tac X L T li; sao chep tep, xoa tep, ddi ten tep, tao va xoa thJ muc. KT nang • Thuc hien du'pc mot so lenh thong dung. Ghi chu giao tiep khac nhau. - Neu nhQng van de cdt loi nhat ve tep va quan If tep ma mot he dieu hanh nao cung phai c6. • ThLfc hien duoc cac thao tac v6i tep va thu" muc; tao, xoa, di chuyen, ddi ten thu' muc va tep. 4. Mot so he dieu hanti pho bien Kien thut • Biet lich sCr phat trien cua he dieu hanh. • Biet mot sd dac tru'ng cd ban cua mot so he dieu hanh hien nay. - Gi6i thieu so ludc ve MS DOS, UNIX va LINUX. III. Soan thao van ban Kien thuc - Cac chLfc nang chu yeu du'Oc trinh bay doc lap vdi phan mem soan thao van ban. • Biet cac van de lien quan den soan thao van ban tieng Viet. - Neu cac Uu viet cua soan thao van ban b i n g may tfnh. • Biet cac chifc nang chung cua he soan thao van ban. • Biet cac don vi xu" If trong van ban (ki tLf, tilr, cau, dong, doan, trang). 1. Mot so khai niem cd ban - • I- • • - .' - Cho HS biet cd nhieu loai bo ma va nhieu loai phong chu' Viet khac nhau. Gidi thieu ve UNICODE, tuy nhien khong di sau vao van de ma. Kien thut • Biet man hinh lam viec cua Word. 2. Lam quen vdi Word • Hieu cac thao tac soan thao vSn ban don gian: md tep van ban, go vSn ban, ghi tep. Ki nang • Thac hien du'Oc viec soan thao vSn ban don gian. • Thyc hien duac cac thao tac md tep. - Cac kT nang dUdc truyen thu thong qua gid thyc hanh vdi phan mem Word. - Chua yeu cau go nhanh, nhu'ng can tuan thu cac quy Udc trong soan thao. 10 Chude Miirc do can dat Ghi c h u dong tep, tao tep mdi, ghi tep van ban. Klen 3. Mot so chLfc nang soan thao van ban thut • Hieu lj2. Tliong tin va dir lieu ' Bai tap va thuc hanh 1. Lam quen v6i tiiong tin va ma hoa thong tin ' §3. Gidi thieu ve miiy tinh ^• Bai tap va thirc hanh 2. Lain queii v6i may tinii ' §4. Bai toiin va thuiit toan §5. Ngon ngir lap trinh §6. Giai bai loan tren may tinh •U0 «>:; §7. Phan m6m may tinh §8. Nhung img dung cua Tin hoc §9. Tin hoc va xa hoi fhT ! Chirang 2. He dieu hanh 12 tier (8LT. 4 BT& TH. 0 BT) § 10. Khai niem ve he di^ii hanh § 1 1 . Tep va quan If tep §12. Giao tiep voi he diau hanh Bai tap va thirc hanh 3. Lam quen voi he dieu hanh Bai tap va thirc hanh 4. Giao tiep voi he d\iii hanh Windowns Bai tap va thirc hanh 5. Thao tac voi tep va thir muc § 13. M o t so he dieu hanh thong dung Chuong 3. Soan thao van ban 20 tiet (S LT. HBT&TH. 4BT) §14. Khai niem v6 soan thao van ban §15. Lam quen voi Microsoft Word Bai tap va thirc lianh 6. Lam quen voi Word § 16. Dinh dang van ban Bai tap va thirc hanh 7. Dinh dang van ban § 17. Mot so chirc nang khac § 18. Cac cong cii trg giup soan thao Bai tap va ihuc hanli 8. Sir dung mot so cong cu trg giup .soan th §19. Tao va lam vice voi bang Bai lap va ihirc hanh 9. Bai lap va ihirc hanh long hop Chirang 4. Mang may tinh va Internet 12 tie) (6LT. 4BTSc TH. 2 BT) §20. Mang may tinh § 2 1 . Mang thong tin loan can Inlcrnel §22. Mot so dich vii co ban cua Internet • : Bai tap va thirc hanh 10. Sir dung trhih duyct Internet Fixplorer Bai tap va ihuc hanh 1 1. Thir dien tiV va may tim kicm thong tin 13 ' c) Mot so cliu y cjiiaii trgiig • M o t so k h a i n i e n i c o ban diroc d i n h h i n h qua m o t so Ian trinh bay t u mure do don gian den c h i n h xac dcin, chir k h o n g nhat thiet phai t r i n h bay day d u , c h m h xac ngay tir Ian tiep can diiu t i e n . N o i c h u n g SGK d i n h nghla theo each m o ta dS phu h o p v d i su tiep t h u ciia H S chir k h o n g dira ra n h i m g d i n h n g h i a c h i n h x i k v o i logic that sir chat che. • Tao d\6u k i e n d e HS q i i e n dan v d i n h i i n g thiiat ngir tieng A n h v i day d i d u Ccin thiet d d i voi m o n T i n hoc. • Phan g i d i t h i e u m a y t i n h k h o n g nhan m a n h n h i e u ve can tao cua ti;mg bo phan m a y t i n h m a c h u y e u la gidri t h i e u cau triic m a y t i n h va chirc nang m o t so b p phan c h u yeu. • Phan n g o n ngir lap t r i n h , m o t so k h a i n i e m duoc m o ta chfnh xac n h i m g c h i han che d m i i c la n h i m g g i d i t h i e u can thiet nhat de H S c d c o sd phan biet cac k h a i n i e m d d . V I vay k h i G V g i a n g day khd))g kien tlit'fc ndng cao iieii kluii tluic qua sun cac kliac. • T r o n g S G K , viec t r i n h bay m o t sd bai toan rieng le nhSm l a m H S hiSu the nao l a thuat toan va qua t i i n h g i a i m o t bai toan. Hieiu k h a i n i e m thuat toan n d i c h u n g va hieu qua t r i n h g i a i m o t bai toan la inuc tieu c h i i yeu. . , . • Cac bai thuc hanh the h i e n c o i t r o n g viec ren l u y e n kT nang cho HS, d d la cac kT nang c o ban sau day: + K i nang k h o i dong/tat m a y , + KT nang s i i d u n g phan m e m de quan If tep va t h u m u c , + KT nang k h d i ddng/thoat va soan thao van ban t r o n g M i c r o S o f t W o r d d mdi trudng Windows, + KT nang go tieng V i e t , + KT nang t l m k i e m t h d n g t i n tren m a n g bang Internet Explorer, tao. x e m , giri thir d i e n tir. • V d i viec h i n h thanh cac kT nang cii the neu tren. HS birdc dau c d mot so kT nang sir d u n g m a y tfnh phiic vii hoat d o n g hoc tap ciia ban than. il) Mot so chi'i V khi si'f dung tai lieu ndv: N h u n g y tirdng thiet ke tiet hoc t r o n g tai l i e u nay the h i e n t i n h than day hoc theo chuan k i e n thuc, kT nang va phat h u y tfnh tfch cue c h u d o n g hoc tap ciia HS. Tat n h i e n , cac bai soan d day c h i dc tham khao k h i dupe sir d u n g . Bdi " k i c h b a n " tot cho m o t tiet day phai ti:iy thuoc t i n h h i n h c i i the vg d d i tirpng*. 14 HS, ve phong each G V , va di6u kien thiet bi va moi tiircmg day hoc,... Chiing toi muon c6 them mot so trao doi nho dd viec tham khao tai lieu nay c6 the linh hoat hon: • Thai lirong cho m6i phan noi dung bai hoc chi la du kien, phan anh duoc phan nao moi quan tam den nhimg kien thuc, k l nang co ban, trong tani cua noi dung tiet hoc. • V o i quan diem yeu cau HS hoat dpng tich cue de tiep thu duoc kien thuc va ren luyen dugc k l nang, phan eung c6 a cuoi m6i tiet hoc duoc danh nhieu thoi gian de HS hoat dong tren nhCrng kien thuc cua tiet hoc do. Bai tap 6 cuoi mot so tiet hoc chu yeu la trac nghiem va co the chia lam 2 loai: co ban va nang cao. G V tuy theo doi tuong HS va dieu kien cu the di sir dung nhung bai tap nang cao khi cung co. Thong qua viec lam bai tap, HS tiep tuc tiep thu, Cling CO kien thirc va tu danh gia diroc ket qua thu nhan duoc trong tiet hoc. Neu khong con du thoi gian cho HS lam duoc het va chCra het cac bai tap 6 phan nay, G V c6 the' chon (cho cung co kien thirc) mot so cau tijy theo tlnh hinh thuc te. Nhung bai chua lam tren lop, G V nen giao cho HS lam 6 nha hoac cung c6 the' lay trong so bai tap do nhung bai cho kiem tra 15 phiit hay kidm tra 1 tiet. Cac bai tap trong SGK cung nhu trong sach bai tap bao g6m nhi^u mi'rc do khac nhau va khong doi hoi nhat thiet HS phai lam tiit ca, khong doi hoi GV phai chua tat ca (neu khong dii thoi gian). Tai lieu nay chuain bi cho phuong an tat ca cac bai dSu duoc G V chua hay huong dSn cho HS lam tren lop, voi tong thoi luong CO the' virot mirc phan pho'i chuong trinh. Do vay, trong tai lieu khong CO du kien thoi lugng cho nidi bai d phan chua bai tap. •i - Phan II THIET KE CAC BAI HOC TRONG SACH GIAO KHOA TIN HOC 10 THEO CHUAN KIEN THUfC, Kl NANG ir MOT SO K H A I N I E M C O BAN C U A T I N H O C I. G i d l T H I E U CHUtJNG 1. Chuan kien thuc, kl nang can dat * Chud'n kien thucc - Biet sir ra d o i va phat trien m a n h me ciia T i i i hoc do n h u cau khai thac tai nguyen t h o n g t i n cua con n g u o i . - Biet cac k h a i n i e m vt t h o n g t i n va dO l i e u , b i d u didn cac dang thong t i n trong m a y t i n h . - Biet cac thanh phan c h i n h cua he t h o n g t i n hoc, sa do cau triic cua m a y t i n h , m o t so thiet bj cua m a y t i n h . - Biet n o i d u n g ciia n g u y e n If J. V o n N e u m a n n . - Biet cac k h a i niSm bai toan va thuat toan. - Biet va hieu thuat toan g i a i m o t so bai toan d o n gian. - Biet k h a i n i e m n g o n ngir lap t r i n h , phan m e m , cac bitoc g i a i bai toan tren , r, may tinh. - Biet cac u n g d u n g ciia T i n hoc t r o n g m o i mat hoat d o n g cua xa h o i . * Chudn kl ndng - M a hoa d u o c m o t so t h o n g t i n d o n gian thanh day b i t . • !<» _ Nhan biet duoc cac thiet b i c h f n h cua m a y t i n h . • • - X a y d i m g diroc thuat toan giai m o t so bai toan d o n g i a n . TH'J VIEN TIV;H:-,:.V;-! THUANI 17 2. Phan phoi thoi lirong 3 16 0 1 §9 Tong cdng 1 §8 1 §7 1 §6 1 §5 5 §4 3 §3 2 §2 1 §1 So tiet li thuyet So hieu va ten§ So tiet bai tap va thirc hanh 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 B. T H I E T K E C A C B A I H O C So tiet bai tap ,0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 « §1. T I N H O C L A M O T N G A N H K H O A H O C I. Chuan kien thirc, k l nang can dat - Biet Tin hoc la mot nganh khoa hoc: c6 ddi tirong, noi dung va phuong phap nghien cun rieng. - Biet may tinh vira la doi tuong nghien ci'ru, vira la cong cu cua Tin hoc. - Biet duoc sir phat tridn manh me ciia Tin hoc do nhu cau ciia xa hoi - Biet cac dac trimg uu viet cua may tinh. - Biet duoc mot so ling dung ciia Tin hoc va may tinh dien tir trong cac hoat dong ciia ddi song. I I . Phuong phap va phirong tien day hoc - Thuyet trinh ket hop vdi phat van va sir dung hoc lieu trirc quan. - Phirong tien: may chieu de HS xem anh mot so thiet bi may tinh. Lifu ^ y: - Day la bai m d dau cho mdn Tin hoc d bac THPT. thong thirdng se gidi thieu nhiJng ling dung va tam quan trong ciia Tin hoc, tuy nhien SGK dira noi dung nay vao §8. De bai hoc cd hieu qua, m d dau miic 1 G V nen gidi thieu de ^ 18 HS thay dirge nhimg urrfg dung trong moi nganh nghe cung nhir nhimg ich Igi to Ion cua Tin hoc. - Mat khac, can giilp HS hieu ro hoc Tin hoc khong chi la hoc sir dung may ti'nh. Ngoai k l nang sii dung may tinh, mon Tin hoc a bac ph6 thong con truyen dat nhirng kien thuc pho thong ve nganh khoa hoc Tin hgc. - Khong nen bat HS hgc thuge long khai niem Tin hgc. Coi trgng viec hi6u hon la hgc thugc. De kiim tra sir hieu cua HS, c6 th6 yeu cau cac em tlm V I du. I I I . Tien trinh day hoc i On dinh Icfp: 2 phiit | Hoat dong cua H S va G V Ngi dung Hoat dgiig I: Tim hieu ihig clung cua Tin hgc va may tiiili dieii ti'f trong cac ITnh vi/c cua ddi song GV. M o ddu. Phat van: Chac rSng ai trong cac em cung tirng nghe noi v6 Tin hgc, may tinh dien tir ( M I D T ) . Tai sao ngay nay Tin hgc lai dugc di cap nhieu trong mgi ITnh virc cua xa hgi? GV. Giai thich. Ghi hoac chieu muc 1 cgt ben len bang. GV. Phat van. Em nao c6 the chi ra mot nganh nghe ma khong co sir tham gia ciia Tin hgc, cua M I D T ? Thoi gian 13 ph 1. Trong vai thap k i gan day, xa hgi loai ngiroi c6 sir bung no ve thong tin. Thong tin tro thanh mgt trong nhimg nguon tai nguyen quan trgng nhat cua mgt dat niroc. Tin hgc ngay cang c6 nhieu img dung trong hau het cac ITnh virc cua xa hgi. Dien hinh nhu: - Trong cac nganh cong nghiep che' tao, M I D T dieu khien cac day chuyen san xuat tir dgng, hg trg cac ki su trong viec thiet ke, mg phong. - Trong C O quan, cong so, M T D T la cgng cu dac lire de quan l i ho so, in an giay to cong van ... HS. GV lien GV. gan virc Tra loi (muc 2 cgt ben). can C O von hieu biet rgng de chi ra nhimg he cua nhimg nganh nghe do voi Tin hgc. Tong ke't. Nhir cac em da thay, ngay nay nhu bat cir mot nganh nghe nao, mgt ITnh nao trong xa hgi cung deu van dung Tin - Trong ITnh virc truyen thgng. Tin hgc va m;ing internet da lam nen cugc (*;'\ch mang voi phirong thirc lien lac, cung cap nhimg cong cu lien lac nhanh, thuan tien voi hoc va M T O T di l a m tang nang suat va qua hoat dong ciia m i n h . N h d c6 T i n nhOng ITnh virc n h u c o n g nghiep che tao nong nghiep ... da c6 t h e m c o n g cu h i h i de nang cao hieu qua hoat d p n g len n h i d u hieu hoc, may, hieu Ian. Man hinh \ May in Ban phim Chupt c h i p h i rat thap e m a i l ... nhu chat, , nx < 2. V i d u : cac tran da b o n g , huan l u y e n va bieu d'ltn xiec t h i i , b o i toan... T u y n h i e n , n h u n g nganh ngh6 do deu c6 m d i l i e n he vdfi T i n hoc. Q i S n g han n h u trong tap l u y e n va t h i dau the thao c6 su d u n g n h u n g thiet b i do t h a i g i a n , do n h i p t i m , kie'm tra d o p i n g ... Cac thiet b i do ket n o i v d i nhau d ^ truydn d u l i e u mSu va tra c i i u ca so d u l i e u theo cac nguyen tac T i n hoc. Cac phan mtm boi toan tCr lau da ra d a i va c6 the t i m thay d6 dang tren m a n g . Hoat dg/ig 2: Giffi thieit vai trd va nln7?ig dac tiiili i(u viet cua MTDT 24/24h. su dung M T D T ? - GV. Phat van. C o phai hoc T i n hoc la hoc each 10pli L a m viec k h o n g met m d i nhanh (hang ti phep tinh/giay). GV. G i a i t h i c h : H o c t i n hoc k h o n g c h i biet sir dung M T D T . M T D T c h i la m o t t r o n g n h u n g cong cu cua T i n hoc. N h i i n g c o n g cu khac can phai hoc la thuat toan, n g o n n g u lap t r i n h , cac thao tac tren c a sd d i i l i e u . M a t khac, hoc t i n hoc con nham c6 duoc nhung h'liu biet cAn thiet, 6i hoa nhap dugc vai m o t xa hoi hien dai, 66 hinh thanh nang lire sir dung thanh tiru cua khoa hoc T i n hoc trong hoc tap va d d i song. GV. Phat van. M a y tinh da t i m g thang vua c d Kaspardp. V a y e m nao cho biet so v d i con ngudi thi M T O T cd n h u n g dac tinh uu viet nao? HS. Tra I d i . - HS. Tra GV. T o n g ket (cot ben) Tdc dp tinh toan, xi'r If rat - D o chinh xac cao (hang tram chiJ sd sau dau thap phan). - C d kha nang liai trir luong t h d n g t i n cue I d n : chi mot chiec dia D V D cd the chiifa m a y t r a m c u d n sach. - C d the lien ket vdi nhau thanh m o t mang ludi trai khdp toan cau nang cao kha nang thu thap va xir If thdng t i n . - G o n nhe, thanh re. tien d u n g , Hoat dgiig 3: Tim hieu kluii iiieui, cong cu vd doi tifgiig ngliieii ci'fu cua Till lioc GV. G i a i thfch k h a i n i e m T i n hoc bang each chieu hoac g h i cot ben. gia 10 ph T i n hoc la m o t nganh khoa hoc c d m u c tieu la phat trie'n* 20 GV. Chii y: Tranh hoc thuoc long. Phai nkn duoc: tin hoc = khoa hoc nghien cuu thong tiji. Cu the la nghien ciiu khia canh nao cua thong tin? Do la phucfng phap thu thap, luu trO, tim kiem, truySn, bien doi thong tin mot each tir dong. The nao la tu dong? la su dung MTDT? va su dung M T D T de' nghien cuu cau true, tinh chat cua thong tin, phuong phap thu thap, luu tru, tim kiem, bien doi, truydn thong tin va ung dung va6 cac ITnh vue khae nhau eiia doi song xa hoi. M T D T vua la cong cu nghien euru vixa la muc tieu nghien cuu cua Tin hoc. Cong cu nghla la tin hoc sir dung M T D T de thuc hien cac thao tac xir l i thong tin. Muc tieu nghla la Tin hoc nghien cuu che tao sao cho M T D T ngay eang hoan thien. IV. Bai tap co ban (GV ra de va chua tai lop: 10 phiit) Hay danh dau vao nhung menh d6 diing. A. Tin hoe la khoa hoc v6 each sir dung may tinh. B. Tin hoc la nganh khoa hoc nghien cuu phuong phap x u If va truySn thong tin. • D. May tfnh la doi tuotig nghien cuu cua T i n hoe. • • • E. Gan nhu moi ITnh vuc trong doi song ngay nay d6u C O su gop mat cua Tin hoc va may ti'nh. • C. May tinh la cong cu nghien cuu cua Tin hoc. F. May tinh uu viet hon con nguai d kha nang suy d'lin va tutVng tuong • G. May tinh co kha nang lam vice lien tuc va gan nhu khong bao gid nham iSn. V. t)ap an (A) sai. (F) sai V I voi cong nghe hien nay, kha nang suy dien cua may tinh con thua xa bo nao eon nguoi, con kha nang tuong tuong thi gan nhu chua co. Ciie menh d6 con lai diu dung. 21