Tài liệu Chuyên đề inversion

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO VĨNH PHÚC TRƯỜNG THPT PHẠM CÔNG BÌNH CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN THI ĐH: INVERSION (ĐẢO NGỮ) TÁC GIẢ: NGUYỄN TIẾN THÀNH Yên Lac, tháng 3 năm 2014 -1- CHUYÊN ĐỀ INVERSION (ĐẢO NGỮ) TẠC GIẢ: NGUYỄN TIẾN THÀNH TỔ TRƯỞNG TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ THỂ DỤC TRƯỜNG THPH PHẠM CÔNG BÌNH LỚP BỒI DƯỠNG: 10A5 SỐ TIẾT BỒI DƯỠNG: 6 TIẾT INVERSION IN ENGLISH  Lí thuyết về Đảo ngữ  Các câu đảo ngữ đã ra trong các đề thi ĐH, CĐ các năm -2- Trong một số trường hợp các phó từ không đứng ở vị trí bình thường của nó mà đảo lên đứng ở đầu câu nhằm nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ. Người ta gọi đó là câu đảo ngữ. Trong trường hợp đó ngữ pháp sẽ thay đổi, đằng sau phó từ đứng đầu câu là trợ động từ rồi mới đến chủ ngữ và động từ chính: 1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT No+ N + auxiliary+S+Verb(inf) Not any+ N+ auxiliary+ S+ verb(inf) Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on = Not any money shall I lend you from now on 2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,.....hiếm khi mà Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever+ auxiliary+ S+ V Never in mid-summer does it snow Hardly ever does he speak in the public Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar. 3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY Only once Only once did I meetChỉ herbằng cách này/ kia Only later Only in this way: Only in that way: Only in this way could the problem be solved Only then + auxiliary+ S+ V Only after+ N: Chỉ sau khi làm gì Only after all gest had gone home could we relax Only by V_ing/ N: Chỉ bằng cách làm gì Only by practising English everyday can you speak it fluently Only when+ clause: Chỉ khi làm gì Only when her friends told me did I know she had been well-known. Only when I understand her did I like her Only with+ N: Chỉ với cái gì Only with the bank's loan could he buy the car. Only if + clause Only in + adv of time/ place 4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No At no time: Không bao giờ The result of the match was never in doubt => At no time/never was the result of the match in doubt On no condition On no account + auxiliary+ S+ N: Dù bất cứ lý do gì cũng không On no account must this switch be touched. On no account should you be late for the Exam. Under/ in no circumstances: Dù trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không Under no circumstances should you lend him the money. For no reason In no way: Không sao có thể -3- In no way could I agree with you. No longer: Không còn nữa The money is not to be paid under any circumstances = Under no circumstances is the money to be paid On no condition shall we accept their proposal By no means: Hoàn toàn không By no means does he intend to criticize your idea. 5. No sooner.......... than.....Vừa mới...thì đã... Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely........ When/ before Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone rang. (= I had hardly arrived home when the telephone rang.) Scarcely had she finished reading when she fell asleep. (= She had scarcely finished reading when she fell asleep.) Barely had they won the match when the coach had a heart attack. (= They had barely won the match when the coach had a heart attack.) No sooner had the company launched its new product than it went bankrupt. (= The company had no sooner launched its new product than it went bankrupt.) No sooner did they realize that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt. (= They no sooner realized that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.) 6. Đảo ngữ với Not only....... but......also.....không những…….mà còn….. Not only + trợ động từ + S +V + but also + S + V… hoặc Not only + trợ động từ + S + V but.... also.......... Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly Not only does he study well, but also he sings well. 7. Đảo ngữ với SO So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep. So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare. So dark is it that I can't write So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself So difficult was the exam that few student pass it So attractive is she that many boys run after her So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview 8. Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc như sau: “Such + to be + Danh từ +…” · Such is the moment that all greats traverse. (Thật là thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao). · Such is the stuff of dreams. (Thật là một giấc mơ vô nghĩa). Lưu ý: Thường khi gặp “so great, so much + Noun” thì ta dùng đảo ngữ với “such” The problem is so great that everybody is concerned of it. => Such is the problem that everybody is concerned of it. -4- There is so much uncertainty that I will not invest my money. => Such is there uncertainty that I will not invest my money. 9. Đảo ngữ với until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ auxiliary+ S+ V I won't come home till 10 o'clock =Not until/ till o'clock that I will come home = It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home = Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key 10. Đảo ngữ với No where+ Au+ S+V No where in the VN is the cenery as beautiful as that in my country No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country 11. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện a, Câu đk loại 1: If clause = should+S+V (Lưu ý: Dùng SHOULD để nói về khả năng xảy ra ít chắc chắn hơn) Should she come late she wil miss the train Should he lend me some money I will buy that house b, Câu đk loại 2:If clause= Were S +to V/ Were+S (Lưu ý: Dùng WERE TO để nói về khả năng xảy ra ít chắc chắn hơn) If I were you I would work harder =Were I you........ If I knew her I would invite her to the party= Were I to know her........ c, Câu đk loại 3 : If clause = Had+S+V3ED If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam = Had my parents not encouraged me........... BÀI TẬP CỦNG CỐ I. Choose the most suitable words underlined. 1. Jim promised that he would never/ never would he tell anyone else. 2. Not until it was too late I remembered / did I remember I call Susan. 3. Hardly had we settle down in our seats than/when the lights went out. 4. Only after checking three times I was/was I certain of the answer. 5. At no time I was aware/was I aware of anything out of usual. 6. Only Mary sang Sally passed/ did they pass the final examination. 7. So the waves were high/ So high were the waves that swimming was dangerous. 8. Only when Peter has arrived / has Peter arrived can we begin the program. 9. No sooner had it stopped raining than/when the sun came out. 10. If should you leave early/ should you leave early could you leave me a lift? KEY 1. he would never 6. passed 2. did I remember 7. so high were the waves 3. when 8. Peter has arrived 4. was I 9. than 5. was I aware 10. should you leave early II. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences 1) __________________ eating the soup did I remember that I had forgotten to give my little sister some of it. A. Only after B. Only when C. Only by 2) __________________ finishing your English homework can you go out. A. Only after B. Only by C. Only when 3) __________________ he needed some money did he visit me. -5- A. Only by B. Only when C. Only after 4) __________________ I've finished this will I be able to help you. A. Only when B. Only by C. Only after 5) __________________ selling this house did I realize that it wasn't any good idea. A. Only after B. Only when C. Only by 6) __________________ I got money from him did I feel glad. A. Only when B. Only by C. Only after 7) __________________ dinner can you play games. A. Only when B. Only after C. Only by 8) __________________ standing on a chair could Eva water the flowers. A. Only after B. Only when C. Only by 9) __________________ learning every day could I pass my exams. A. Only when B. Only after C. Only by 10) __________________ I wore my jacket did I notice that it was dirty. A. Only after B. Only when C. Only by III. Rewrite these sentences, using NEVER. 1. She has never been so happy before. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. I have never heard such nonsense! …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. I have never seen such a mess in my life. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Our profits this year are higher than they have ever been. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. She would never again trust her own judgment when buying antiques. …………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Never had she been so happy before. 2. Never have I heard such nonsense! 3. Never had I seen such a mess in my life. 4. Never have our profits been higher than the profits this year. 5. Never would she again trust her own judgment when buying antiques IV. Rewrite these sentences, using RARELY, SELDOM or LITTLE. 1. One rarely find good service these days. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. She has rarely traveled more than fifty miles from her village. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. It is very unusual for a military campaign to have been fought with so little loss of life. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. It is unusual for the interior of the island to be visited by tourists. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. Public borrowing has seldom been so high. …………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Rarely does one find good service these days. 2. Rarely has she travelled more than fifty miles from her village. 3. Seldom has a military campaign been fought with so little loss of life. 4. Seldom is the interior of the island visited by tourists. 5. Seldom has Public borrowing been so high. V. Rewrite these sentences, using IN, AT , UNDER, or ON. 1. Keith certainly can’t be held responsible for the accident. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. The children themselves are not in any way to blame for the disaster. ………………………………………………………………………………… -6- 3.The existence of extraterrestrial is not confirmed by the report. ……………………………………………………………………………………… 4. I was never shown how to operate the machinery. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. He never suspected that she was a witch. …………………………………………………………………………………… 1. In no way can Keith be held responsible for the accident. 2. In no way are the children themselves to blame for the disaster. 3. In no way is the existence of extraterrestrial life confirmed by the report. 4. At no time was I shown how to operate the machine. 5. At no time did he suspect that he was a witch. VI. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT. 1. He is my friend as well as yours. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. He booked tickets for the afternoon performance and the evening performance as well. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. Burglars stole a thousand pounds’ worth of electrical goods, and left the flat in an awful mess. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Tony was not only late, but he had left all his books behind. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. You will enhance your posture and improve your acting ability on this course. …………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Not only is he your friend, but he’s mine too. 2. Not only did he book tickets for the afternoon performance but he also booked for the evening performance as well. 3. Not only did the burglars steal a thousand pounds’ worth of electrical goods, they also left the flat in an awful mess. 4. Not only was Tom late, but he had left all his books behind. 5. Not only will you enhance your posture but you will (also) improve your acting ability (as well) on this course. V. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with ONLY. 1. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left. …………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Only when I got home did I realize how dangerous the situation had been. 2. Only last week did the Agriculture Minister admit defeat. 3. Only after seeing Hamlet on the stage did I understand it. 4. Only after they had finished eating did they get round to business. 5. Only after they waited for twelve hours did their flight leave. VI. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD. 1. If the Government were forced into another election, it would be the favourite to win. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. If you should wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and 11.00. …………………………………………………………………………………… -7- 3. If you should have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. If you should decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1 st April. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately. ………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Should the government be forces into another election, it would be the favorite to win. 2. Should you wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and 11.00. 3. Should you have further problems with your printer, contact your deal for advice. 4. Should you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April. 5. Should we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately. VII. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD 1. If the chemical were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. If Germany were to beat Romania, they would face Italy in the final. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. If Mr Morgan were still head master, he would not permit such bad behavior. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earn a large salary. …………………………………………………………………………………… 1. Were the chemical to leak, a large area of sea would be contaminated. 2. Were Germany to beat, they would face Italy in the final. 3. Were Mr Morgan still headmaster, he would not permit such bad behavior. 4. Had you given it in on time, you would have got a high mark. 5. Had she become a lawyer, as her parents’ wishes, she would have earned a large salary. CÁC CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ TRONG ĐỀ THI ĐẠI HỌC CAO ĐẲNG CÁC NĂM Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2005 50. She not only passed the exam but also got a prize. (Not only) ………………………………………………………………………………….. Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2004 47. The Picasso painting was so expensive that nobody could buy it. ………………………………………………………………………………….. Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng 1 10. We didn't realise how serious the situation was. ………………………………………………………………………………….. Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng 3 8. No sooner had we started the picnic, .............. the rain began pouring down! A. than B. when C. that D. and 23. If the police had found out, I would have been in trouble. Were……………………………………………………………………………………. Đề thi tuyển sinh Học viện Ngân hàng – Phân viện TP. Hồ Chí Minh 5. John didn't celebrate until he received the offer of promotion in writing. Not until………………………………………………………………………………….. Đề thi tuyển sinh Học viện quan hệ Quốc tế 2. He never suspected that she was a witch. At no time………………………………………………………………………………….. Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2010 -8- Question 42: ______ but he also proved himself a good athlete. A. Not only he showed himself a good student B. He did not show himself only a good student C. Not only did he show himself a good student D. A good student not only showed him Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học năm 2009 Question 9: Not until the end of the 19th century ______ become a scientific discipline. A. plant breeding has B. did plant breeding C. plant breeding had D. has plant breeding Question 28: Had she worked harder last summer, she ______. A. wouldn't have been sacked B. wouldn't have sacked C. wouldn't sack D. wouldn't be sacked Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2009 Question 44: ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came. A. No longer has B. No sooner had C. Not until had D. Hardly had Question 61: Only when you grow up ______ the truth. A. you will know B. you know C. do you know D. will you know Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2008 Câu 71: ______, he would have learned how to read. A. If he has been able to go school as a child B. If he could go to school as a child C. Were he able to go to school as a child D. Had he been able to go to school as a child Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2008 Câu 23: _______, they would have had what they wanted. A. If they arrived at the fair early B. Had they arrived at the fair early C. Unless they arrived at the fair early enough D. Supposing they were arriving at the fair early Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2007 Câu 12: _______ that she burst into tears. A. Her anger was such B. So angry she was C. She was so anger D. Such her anger was Câu 25: No sooner had she put the telephone down than her boss rang back. A. As soon as her boss rang back, she put down the telephone. B. Scarcely had she put the telephone down when her boss rang back. C. Hardly she had hung up, she rang her boss immediately. D. She had hardly put the telephone down without her boss rang back. Câu 30: Never before ______ as accelerated as they are now during the technological age. A. have historical changes been B. have been historical changes C. historical changes have been D. historical have changes been Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học năm 2011 (mã đề 284) Question 44: The instructor blew his whistle and ______. A. off were running the runners B. the runners run off C. off ran the runners D. off the runners were running Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học năm 2010 (mã đề 358) Question 62: The woman was too weak to lift the suitcase. A. The woman wasn’t able to lift the suitcase, so she was very weak. B. The woman, though weak, could lift the suitcase. C. So weak was the woman that she couldn’t lift the suitcase. D. The woman shouldn’t have lifted the suitcase as she was weak. -9- BÀI TẬP TỰ GIẢI I. Rewrite these sentences, using NEVER, NO, NOT, ONLY, AND OTHER INVERSION STRUCTURES. 1. The firm has never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. I’ve never come across such a horrifying film. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. I have never been so moved by a Shakespeare production. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. I never for one moment thought the consequences would be so far- reaching. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. I had never tasted such a wonderful combination of flavors before. …………………………………………………………………………………… 6. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony. …………………………………………………………………………………… 7. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success. …………………………………………………………………………………… 8. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent. …………………………………………………………………………………… 9. She didn’t realized what would happen to her next. …………………………………………………………………………………… 10. I didn’t think that one day I’d be appearing in films rather then just watching them. …………………………………………………………………………………… 11. There has never been a time when the English language was not in a state of change. …………………………………………………………………………………... 12. Miss Weaver will not be offered the job under any circumstances. …………………………………………………………………………………… 13. You should not send money to us by post under any circumstances. …………………………………………………………………………………… 14. We can’t exchange tickets in any circumstances. …………………………………………………………………………………… 15. I won’t go out that way to visit him again on my account! …………………………………………………………………………………… 16. It isn’t worth considering his suggestion for a moment. …………………………………………………………………………………… 17. She didn’t shed a tear when the story ended in tragedy. …………………………………………………………………………………… 18. The manager not once offered us an apology. …………………………………………………………………………………… 19. She made no sound as she crept upstairs. …………………………………………………………………………………… 20. He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired. ………………………………………………………………………………… 21. I didn’t realize who he was until later. …………………………………………………………………………………… 22. The door could not be opened without using force. …………………………………………………………………………………… 23. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized. …………………………………………………………………………………… 24. To get the 40% discount, you must buy all twelve books at the same time. …………………………………………………………………………………… 25. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day. - 10 - …………………………………………………………………………………… 26. If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form. …………………………………………………………………………………… 27. If the film should be a post office success, they may be sequel. …………………………………………………………………………………… 28. If you should change your mind, there will always be a job for you here. …………………………………………………………………………………… 29. If it hadn’t been for Henry,I might not have met you. …………………………………………………………………………………… 30. If only they had confirmed by phone, the airline could have warned them. …………………………………………………………………………………… II. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it. 1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me. Not only_______________________________________________________ 2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.  No sooner _____________________________________________________ 3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.  Hardly _______________________________________________________ 4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.  Not until ______________________________________________________ 5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.  Only _________________________________________________________ 6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.  Never ________________________________________________________ 7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.  Under the table _________________________________________________ 8. His brother had rarely been more excited. Rarely_________________________________________________________ 9. The facts were not all made public until later. Only__________________________________________________________ 10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job. Had___________________________________________________________ 11. The response to our appeal was so great that we has to take on more staff.  Such__________________________________________________________ 12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder. Not only ______________________________________________________ 13. The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.  Little _________________________________________________________ 14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me? Should________________________________________________________ 15. The bus driver can not be blamed for the accident in any way.  In ___________________________________________________________ 16. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.  So ___________________________________________________________ 17. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election. Were__________________________________________________________ 18. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.  No sooner _____________________________________________________ 19. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed. Such__________________________________________________________ - 11 - 20. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March. Seldom________________________________________________________ 21. You won’t allowed in until your identify has been checked. Only__________________________________________________________ 22. Just after the play started there was a power failure. Hardly________________________________________________________ 23. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this. Rarely_________________________________________________________ 24. We had only just arrived home when the police called. Scarcely_______________________________________________________ 25. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage.  On no_________________________________________________________ 26. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.  Never before___________________________________________________ 27. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began.  Barely________________________________________________________ 28. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted. –> So ………………………………………………………………………. III. Complete each sentences with a suitable word or phrase. 1.…………..had we arrived at the hotel, when there was a power cut. 2………..are members of staff to accept gratuities from clients. 3. ……….Detective Dawson realized what she was to discover! 4. ………….so many employees taken sick leave at the same time. 5. ……… to pay the full amount now, there would be a ten per cent discount. 6. I supposed, as……….most people, that I would be retiring at 60. 7. ………………..the doctor seen more difficult case. 8. ………….Jean win first prize, but she was also offered a promotion. 9. ……….will late arrival be admitted to the theatre before the interval. 10. …………one missing child been found, than another three disappeared. IV. Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase. 1. Scarcely …………………………….the pilot had to make an emergent landing. 2. Little ………………………….what has been going on in her absent. 3. No sooner ……………………….tan I realized I’d left my bag on the platform. 4. Only when ……………………….on the light did we notice the hole of the ceiling. 5. Not until I asked a passer –by …………………. where I was. 6. Seldom does ………………………below freezing at this time of the year. 7. Hardly ………………….. his speech, when the minister interrupted. 8. On no account am ………………..while I am in a meeting. 9. Rarely has ………………………this school written a better composition. 10. In no way …………………….. bear responsibility for injured passengers. V. Rewrite each sentences so that it contains the word or words in capitals, and so that the meaning stay the same. a. Were Smith to resign, I might stand a chance of getting his job. IF …………………………………………………………………………… b. Such was the demand for the tickets that people queued day GREAT and night. ……………………………………………………………………………… c. The money is not to be paid under no circumstances. NO ……………………………………………………………………………… d. Three days passed before we arrived at the first oasis. NOT UNTIL - 12 - ……………………………………………………………………………… e. Hardly had the ship left port, than a violent storm SOON AFTER developed. ……………………………………………………………………………….. f. They would have discovered land sooner had they carried a compass IF ……………………………………………………………………………….. g. Little did Brenda know what she was letting herself in for. IDEA ……………………………………………………………………………… h. It was only when I stopped that I realized something was wrong DID I ……………………………………………………………………………… i. The accused never expressed regret for what he had done. AT NO TIME ……………………………………………………………………………… j. So exhausted were the runners that none of them finished the race. TOO. ……………………………………………………………………………… VI. Rewrite these sentences with the adverbial phrase of direction or place at the front of clause. Use inversion where possible. 1. The people dived for cover as the bullets flew over their heads. …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. That night, just as John has predicted , a heavy snowfall came down. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. The two men were talking in front of the station. …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. A line of police officers was behind the protesters. …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. A small stream ran at the end of the street. There was an overgrown garden across the stream. …………………………………………………………………………………… 6. She could hear the sound of the tractor and suddenly it came round the corner. …………………………………………………………………………………… 7. A while pillar was in front of them and a small, marble statue stood on top of it. …………………………………………………………………………………… 8. The teacher blew a whistle and the children ran off. …………………………………………………………………………………… VII. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences 1. No sooner had we started the picnic.............. the rain began pouring down! A. than B. when C. that D. and 2. Hardly....................................attack people. A. have snakes B. do snakes C. snakes do D. snakes have 3. ______ but he also proved himself a good athlete. A. Not only he showed himself a good student B. He did not show himself only a good student C. Not only did he show himself a good student D. A good student not only showed him 4. Not until the end of the 19th century ______ become a scientific discipline. A. plant breeding has B. did plant breeding C. plant breeding had D. has plant breeding 5. Had she worked harder last summer, she ______. A. wouldn't have been sacked B. wouldn't have sacked C. wouldn't sack D. wouldn't be sacked 6. ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came. A. No longer has B. No sooner had C. Not until had D. Hardly had 7. Only when you grow up ______ the truth. - 13 - A. you will know B. you know C. do you know D. will you know 8. ______, he would have learned how to read. A. If he has been able to go school as a child B. If he could go to school as a child C. Were he able to go to school as a child D. Had he been able to go to school as a child 9. _______,they would have had what they wanted. A. If they arrived at the fair early B. Had they arrived at the fair early C. Unless they arrived at the fair early enough D. Supposing they were arriving at the fair early 10. _______ that she burst into tears. A. Such was her anger B. So angry she was C. She was so anger D. Such her anger was 11. No sooner had she put the telephone down than her boss rang back. A. As soon as her boss rang back, she put down the telephone. B. Scarcely had she put the telephone down when her boss rang back. C. Hardly she had hung up, she rang her boss immediately. D. She had hardly put the telephone down without her boss rang back. 12. Never before ______ as accelerated as they are now during the technological age. A. have historical changes been B. have been historical changes C. historical changes have been D. historical have changes been 13. _____ make a good impression on her. A. Only by doing so can I B. Only so doing can I C. Only by so doing I can D. Only by doing so I can 14. They drove fifteen miles off the main road. Also, they had nothing to eat for the day. A. They drove fifteen miles off the main road until they had something to eat for the day. B. They neither drove fifteen miles off the main road nor had anything to eat for the day. C. Driving fifteen miles off the main road, they eventually had something to eat for the day. D. Not only did they drive fifteen miles off the main road, they also had nothing to eat for the day. 15. Only when he is here, …………….. A. he speaks English B. does he speak English C. he can speak English D. he does speak English KEYS I. Rewrite these sentences using NEVER, NO, NOT, ONLY, AND OTHER INVERSION STRUCTURES. 1. Never before had the firm laid on such a sumptuous celebration. 2. Never have I come across such a horrifying film. 3. Never have I been so moved by a Shakespeare production. 4. Never for one moment did I think the consequences would be so far reaching. 5. Never before had I tasted such a wonderful combination of flavours. 6. In no way can Keith be held responsible for the accident. 7. In no way are the children themselves to blame for the disaster. 8. In no way is the existence of extraterrestrial life confirmed by the report. 9. At no time was I shown how to operate the machine. 10. At no time did he suspect that he was a witch. - 14 - 11. At no time has the English language not been in a state of change. 12. Under no circumstance will Miss Weaver be offered the job. 13. Under no circumstance should you send money to us by post. 14. Under no circumstance can we exchange tickets. 15. On any account will I go all that way to visit him again. 16. Not for one moment is it worth considering his suggestion /is his suggestion worth considering. 17. Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy. 18. Not once did the manager offer is an apology. 19. Not a sound did she make as she crept upstairs. 20. Not until he retired did he think about having a holiday abroad. 21. Only after did I realize who she was. 22. Only by (using) force could the door be opened. 23. Only when Tom’s apologized will I agree. 24. Only when you buy all twelve books at the same time can/will you get the 40% discount. 25. Only by training hard can/will/could you become a good athlete. 26. Should you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order. 27. Should the film be a box- office success, they may be a sequel. 28. Should you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here. 29. Had anything gone wrong, I would have been held responsible. 30. Had it not been for Henry, I might not have met you. II. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it. 1. Not only did he spend all his money but she also borrowed some from me. 2. No sooner had I left the office than the phone rang. 3. Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back. 4. Not until the bell rang did he finish his work. 5. Only after several months did we begin to see the symptoms of the disease. 6. Never in my life have seen anyone drink as much as you. 7. Under the table was lying a sleeping dog. 8. Rarely had his brother been more excited. 9. Only later were all the facts made public. 10. Had I realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job. 11. Such was the responsible to our appeal that we has to take on more staff 12. Not only did Harry break his leg but he also injured his shoulder. 13. Little did the police suspect that the judgment was the murderer. 14. Should you see Helen, could you ask her to call me? 15. In no way can the bus be blamed for the accident. 16. So heavy was the snowfall that all the trains had to be cancelled. 17. Were the government to write interest rates they would lose the election. 18. No sooner had I got into the bath than someone knocked on the door. 19. Such was the uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed. 20. Seldom is there so much rain in March. 21. Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in. 22. Hardly had the play started when there was a power failure. 23. Rarely has the Prime Minister made so inept a speech. 24. Scarcely had we arrived home when the police called. 25. On no account are press photographers allowed to take photographs backstage. 26. Never before has so much money been spent to so little purpose!. 27. Barely had the trial proceedings begun when the judge was taken ill. - 15 - 28. So great was her grief that she almost fainted. III. Complete each sentences with a suitable word or phrase. 1. Hardly/ Scarcely 6. do 2. Under no circumstances 7. Never had /have 3. Little did 8. Not only did 4. Never had / Rarely had 9. Under no circumstances 5. Were you 10. No sooner had IV. Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase. (Suggested answers) 1. had the plane taken off, when 6. the temperature fall 2. Does she know 7. had he begun. 3. had the train left 8. I to be disturbed 4. we turned. 9. a pupil at this / a student from 5. did I know 10. does the company. V. Rewrite each sentences so that it contains the word or words in capitals, and so that the meaning stay the same 1. If Smith were to resign , I might stand a chance of getting his job. 2. The demand for tickets was so great that people queued night and day. 3. Under no circumstances is the money to be paid. 4. Not until three days had passed did we arrived at the first oasis/ It was not until three days later that we arrived at the first oasis. 5. Soon after the ship left port , a violent storm developed. 6. If they had carried a compass they would have discovered the land sooner. 7. Brenda had no idea what she was letting herself in for. 8. Only when I stopped did I realize that something was wrong. 9. At no time did the accused express regret for what he has done. 10. The runners were too exhausted to finish the race. VI. Rewrite these sentences with the adverbial phrase of direction or place at the front of clause. Use inversion where possible. 1. ………… … as over their heads flew the bullets. 2. …………… down came a heavy snow. 3. In front of the station, the two men were talking.(no inversion) 4. Behind the protesters was a line of police officers. 5. At the end of the street ran a small stream. Across the stream was an overgrown garden. 6. ………… and suddenly round the corner it came. ( no inversion) 7. In front of them was a white pillar, and on top of it stood a small, marble statue. 8. …………….and off ran the children. VII. 1. A 2. B 3. C 4.B 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. D 15.B - 16 -