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Tài liệu Bài giảng organic chemistry chapter12

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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Dr Nam T. S. Phan Faculty of Chemical Engineering HCMC University of Technology Office: room 211, B2 Building Phone: 38647256 ext. 5681 Email: [email protected] 1 Chapter 12: CARBOXYLIC ACIDS C=O C=C SP2 carbon Y=OH 2 NOMENCLATURE OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS IUPAC names: hydrocarbon + “oic acid” 3 4 5 Some natural occurring acids & derivatives 6 PREPARATIONS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS From Grignard reagents 7 From nitriles Have 1 more carbon as compared to the halide 8 From primary alcohols Can NOT be isolated PCC: pyridinium chlorochromate 9 From aldehydes Aldehydes are generally easier to oxidize than primary alcohols 10 From alkylbenzenes 11 REACTIONS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Esterification reactions 12 IUPAC names: alkyl + carboxylate 13 Intramolecular ester formation: Lactones 14 IUPAC names: 2-oxacycloalkanone 15 Reactions of esters Ester hydrolysis 16 Transesterification reactions 17 Acyl chloride formation 18 IUPAC names: replace “ic acid” with “yl halide” / “carboxylic acid” with “carbonyl halide” 19 Reactions of acyl chlorides 20
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