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Silicon Valley Men Behaving Badly / The Lost Bush Emails IN THE COMPANY OF TRUMP 09.23.2016 IF HE WINS, HIS MANY OVERSEAS DEALS WILL CREATE A NATIONAL SECURITY NIGHTMARE Join us in the fight against cystic fibrosis Samsung Hope for Children and the Boomer Esiason Foundation are teaming up to search ˙θЇθϩцϑϩ̈ѣɵθϑ̈ϑↇƟ˙Їʒϑθ̈ϑʒɵцƊϑЇ²AЭθϩΧϑϩ‘•цθϑЭ θϩ̷цϩθ̈ɵЇϩʒϩ̈ΧθϩϩθϑθΧθθϑʒʒ̷̈ϩθϩϩϑ˙θ̷̈ʒθ ӥϩцϑϩ̈ѣɵθϑ̈ϑↇ ƟѣʒЇϩицЇ̷Χʒϩ̷θθⅅΧ̷ϑӬϑ̈ϩ⅄ Samsung Hope for Children samsung.com/us/hopeforchildren. Boomer Esiason Foundation esiason.org or call 646.292.7930. ©2016 Samsung Electronics America, Inc. Samsung and Samsung Hope for Children are trademarks/services marks of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. All other logos/marks are the property of their respective owners. Screen image simulated. 09.23.2016 VOL.167 NO.11 + A HISTORY OF VIOLENCE: Gurbaksh Cha- hal at the Sikh Awards in London in 2010. The Silicon Valley entrepreneur faces 12 months in jail, three years after being charged with smacking his then-girlfriend 117 times. 22 Civil Rights Clenched Fists Across the Ocean 26 North Korea North Korea’s Endless Loop 28 Tampons A Generous Monthly Allowance NEW WORLD 46 Innovation Got Milk (Packaging)? 48 Tech The BlinkingVCR Candidates FEATURES 30 DEPARTMENTS The Man Who Sold the World BIG SHOTS If Donald Trump gets into the White House, his many foreign business deals will create a national security nightmare. by Kurt Eichenwald FEL IPE TRUEBA / UPPA / PHOTOSHOT/NEWSCOM 40 4 New York City Stumble on the Trail 6 Douma, Syria Cease-Fire 8 Diyarbakir, Turkey Life Lessons 10 Port-au-Prince, Haiti Zika Looms To Be Young, Gifted and Wack Gurbaksh Chahal is the best of Silicon Valley—a brilliant entrepreneur—and the worst of Silicon Valley—a man who likes to beat women. by Nina Burleigh 50 Happiness Smile, Damn It! DOWNTIME 54 Games The Hurt Login 58 Animals Czech Mates 60 Books The Battle of Jack Lemmon and Yoko Moto 64 Rewind PAG E O N E COVER CREDIT: PHOTOGRAPH BY RICHARD BURBRIDGE/ART + COMMERCE 12 Politics Newsweek (ISSN0028-9604) is published weekly except one week in January, July, August and October. Newsweek is published by Newsweek LLC, 7 Hanover Square, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10004. Periodical postage is paid at New York, NY and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send change of address to Newsweek, 7 Hanover Square, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10004. A ‘Lost’ Generation 18 Medicine For Article Reprints, Permissions and Licensing www.IBTreprints.com/Newsweek PARS International (212) 221-9595 x210 [email protected] NEWSWEEK 50 Years Syrian Superbugs 1 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 FOR MORE HEADLINES, GO TO NEWSWEEK.COM EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Jim Impoco DEPUTY EDITOR OPINION EDITOR MANAGING EDITOR CONTRIBUTING DESIGN DIRECTOR Bob Roe Nicholas Wapshott Kenneth Li Priest + Grace INTERNATIONAL EDITOR EUROPEAN EDITOR EXECUTIVE EDITOR, DIGITAL Claudia Parsons Matt McAllester Margarita Noriega EDITORIAL SENIOR EDITOR NATIONAL EDITOR R.M. Schneiderman John Seeley POLITICS EDITOR Matt Cooper CULTURE EDITOR Joe Veix EXECUTIVE EDITOR, TV, FILM AND DIGITAL CONTRIBUTING EDITOR COPY CHIEF PRODUCTION EDITOR COPY EDITORS Teri Wagner Flynn Owen Matthews Elizabeth Rhodes PUBLISHED BY Newsweek LLC, A DIVISION OF IBT Media Inc. Jeff Perlah Joe Westerfield Bruce Janicke CHAIRMAN Etienne Uzac DIGITAL WEEKEND EDITOR DIGITAL STRATEGY EDITOR VICE PRESIDENT, VIDEO PRODUCTION AND STRATEGY EXECUTIVE PRODUCER, VIDEO Nicholas Loffredo CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Dev Pragad Joanna Brenner CHIEF CONTENT OFFICER Eric Gonon Johnathan Davis Barclay Palmer CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER Alvaro Palacios ART + PHOTO ART DIRECTOR ASSOCIATE ART DIRECTOR Michael Friel Dwayne Bernard CHIEF MARKETING OFFICER Mitchell Caplan VICE PRESIDENT OF SALES DESIGNER Jessica Fitzgerald Madelin Bosakewich PHOTO DIRECTOR Shaminder Dulai ADVERTISING + MARKETING Jen Tse SALES DIRECTOR Katy Lyness Marta Leja PHOTO EDITOR CONTRIBUTING DIGITAL IMAGING SPECIALIST VICE PRESIDENT, MARKETING WRITERS Dan Goodman Ryan Bort Leah McGrath Goodman Nina Burleigh Alexander Nazaryan Janine Di Giovanni Bill Powell Kurt Eichenwald Josh Saul Sean Elder* Roberto Saviano* Jessica Firger Zoë Schlanger Michele Gorman Zach Schonfeld Elizabeth Isaacson* David Sirota Abigail Jones Jeff Stein Max Kutner John Walters Douglas Main Lucy Westcott Kevin Maney* Stav Ziv *Contributing SUBSCRIBE TO NEWSWEEK FOR 75% OFF PRINT + ONLI WEEKLY HOME DELIVERY of Newsweek in Print SU SC O + S FULL DIGITAL ACCESS to each week’s issue via Newsweek apps for iPad, Kindle Fire and Android SUBSCRIBE AT NEWSWEEK.COM/PREMIER % Full access to NEWSWEEK.COM Subscriber-Only Content BIG SHOTS USA Stumble on the Trail BRIAN SNYDER B R I A N S N Y D E R / R EU T E RS New York City— Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton waves outside her daughter’s apartment a few hours after she left the September 11 memorial service early feeling overheated and dehydrated. Amateur video showed her being helped into a van, her knees apparently buckling. Her doctor later said she’d been diagnosed with pneumonia two days earlier. Republican critics saw that as further evidence that the 68-year-old Clinton has been covering up serious health problems, as they have been saying for months, even though she has released more detailed information about her medical records than the 70-year-old Republican candidate, Donald Trump. BIG SHOTS SYRIA Cease-Fire SA M E E R A L- D OU M Y/A F P/G E T T Y Douma, Syria— A Syrian rescue worker carries a wounded boy after airstrikes on the rebel-held town, east of Damascus, on September 9. Hours later, the United States and Russia agreed to a cease-fire that was to take effect on September 12, but fighting continued, including a strike on a busy market in Idlib that killed dozens of civilians. Residents in the area told Reuters they believed the warplanes were Russian. The latest truce is supposed to bring unrestricted humanitarian access and joint Russian-U.S. military action against the Islamic State militant group, also known as ISIS, and the Nusra Front. SAMEER AL-DOUMY BIG SHOTS TURKEY Life Lessons I LYAS A K E N G I N /A F P/G E T T Y Diyarbakir, Turkey— Police detain a protester in the southeastern city on September 9, after Turkish authorities suspended more than 11,000 teachers over alleged links to the banned Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Turkey had launched the largest operations in its history against the group, which it considers a terrorist force. Authorities also removed two dozen elected mayors in Kurdish-run municipalities. Since surviving a coup attempt in July, Erdogan has cracked down on both the PKK and supporters of U.S.-based Muslim cleric Fethullah Gulen, whom he accuses of orchestrating the coup. ILYAS AKENGIN BIG SHOTS HAITI Zika Looms Port-au-Prince, Haiti—Government health workers fumigate the streets of Haiti’s capital on September 7 in an effort to stop the spread of mosquitoes that carry Zika and other diseases. Budget constraints and a strike by health workers have hindered prevention efforts in the country, and the World Health Organization warned that experts were expecting an epidemic on the island, where the health system is still recovering from the 2010 earthquake. Haiti has reported 3,000 suspected cases of Zika, or about 30 per 100,000 people, compared with 82 per 100,000 in Brazil, but the WHO said it believes the government has been underreporting. ANDRES MARTINEZ CASARES ANDRES MARTINE Z CASARES/ REUTERS P MEDICINE A G POLITICS E NORTH KOREA O CIVIL RIGHTS N TAMPONS E BUSINESS A ‘LOST’ GENERATION George W. Bush’s White House failed to account for millions of emails. Where’s the outrage? FOR 18 MONTHS, Republican strategists, political pundits, reporters and Americans who follow them have been pursuing Hillary Clinton’s personal email habits, and no evidence of a crime has been found. But now they at least have the skills and interest to focus on a much larger and deeper email conspiracy, one involving war, lies, a private server run by the Republican Party and contempt of Congress citations—all of it still unsolved and unpunished. Clinton’s email habits look positively transparent when compared with the subpoenadodging, email-hiding, private-server-using George W. Bush administration. Between 2003 and 2009, the Bush White House “lost” 22 million emails. This included millions of emails written during the darkest period in America’s recent history, when the Bush administration was ginning up support for what turned out to be a disastrous war in Iraq with false claims that the country possessed weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and, later, when it was NEWSWEEK firing U.S. attorneys for political reasons. Like Clinton, the Bush White House used a private email server—its was owned by the Republican National Committee. And the Bush administration failed to store its emails, as required by law, and then refused to comply with a congressional subpoena seeking some of those emails. “It’s about as amazing a double standard as you can get,” says Eric Boehlert, who works with the pro-Clinton group Media Matters. “If you look at the Bush emails, he was a sitting president, and 95 percent of his chief advisers’ emails were on a private email system set up by the RNC. Imagine if for the last year and a half we had been talking about Hillary Clinton’s emails set up on a private DNC server?” Most troubling, researchers found a suspicious pattern in the White House email system blackouts, including periods when there were no emails available from the office of Vice President Dick Cheney. “That the vice president’s office, widely characterized as the most 12 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 BY NINA BURLEIGH @ninaburleigh + S M I T H CO L L ECT I O N /GA D O/G E T T Y RADIO SILENCE: Researchers found a suspicious pattern in White House email system blackouts, including periods when no emails were available from the office of Dick Cheney. NEWSWEEK 13 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 + DON’T DELETE: In 2008, the Senate Judiciary Committee found Karl Rove, center, in contempt of Congress for refusing to comply with subpoenas in the investigation of fired attorneys. NEWSWEEK 14 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 powerful vice president in history, should have no archived emails in its accounts for scores of days—especially days when there was discussion of whether to invade Iraq—beggared the imagination,” says Thomas Blanton, director of the Washington-based National Security Archive, a nonprofit devoted to obtaining and declassifying national security documents. It is one of the key players in the effort to recover the supposedly lost Bush White House emails. The media paid some attention to the Bush email chicanery but spent considerably less ink and airtime than has been devoted to Clinton’s digital communications in the past 18 months. According to the Boston social media analytics firm Crimson Hexagon, which ran a study for Newsweek, there have been 560,397 articles mentioning Clinton’s emails between March 2015 and September 1, 2016. In 1978, Congress passed the Presidential Records Act (PRA), which mandated that all presidential and vice presidential records created after January 20, 1981, be preserved and that the public, not the president, owned the records. The following year, the Reagan administration installed the White House’s rudimentary first email system. Despite the PRA, neither the Reagan nor the George H.W. Bush administration maintained email records, even as the number of White House emails began growing exponentially. (The Bush administration would produce around 200 million.) In 1989, a federal lawsuit to force the White House to comply with the PRA was filed by several groups, including the National Security Archive, which at the time was mostly interested in unearthing the secret history of the Cold War. The suit sparked a last-minute court order, issued in the waning hours of the first Bush presidency, that prevented 6,000 White House email backup tapes from being erased. When Bill Clinton moved into the White House, his lawyers supported the elder Bush in his effort to uphold a side deal he’d cut with the National Archives and Records Administration to allow him to treat his White House emails as personal. At the time, George Stephanopoulos—then the White House communications director—defended the resistance, saying his boss, like Bush, didn’t want subsequent, and potentially unfriendly, administrations rooting around in old emails. The Clinton White House eventually settled the suit, and White House aide John Podesta— now Hillary Clinton’s campaign chairman— even invited members of the National Security PAGE ONE /POLI T I C S Archive into the White House to demonstrate how the new system worked. If anyone tried to delete an email, a message would pop up on screen indicating that to do so would be in violation of the PRA. “We were happy with that,” recalls Blanton, who edited a book on the Reagan-Bush email evasion, White House E-Mail: The Top Secret Messages the Reagan/Bush White House Tried to Destroy. Eight years later, in 2003, a whistleblower told the National Security Archive that the George W. Bush White House was no longer saving its emails. The Archive and another watchdog group, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Wash- M I C H A E L RO B I N SO N - C H AV E Z / T H E WAS H I N GTO N P OST/G E T T Y NINETY-FIVE PERCENT OF [BUSH’S] CHIEF ADVISERS’ EMAILS WERE ON A PRIVATE EMAIL SYSTEM SET UP BY THE RNC. NEWSWEEK ington (which had represented outed CIA agent Valerie Plame in her case against the Bush administration), refiled their original lawsuit. The plaintiffs soon discovered that Bush aides had simply shut down the Clinton automatic email archive, and they identified the start date of the lost emails as January 1, 2003. The White House claimed it had switched to a new server and in the process was unable to maintain an archive—a claim that many found dubious. Bush administration emails could have aided a special prosecutor’s investigation into a White House effort to discredit a diplomat who disagreed with the administration’s fabricated Iraq WMD evidence by outing his CIA agent wife, Plame. Special Prosecutor Patrick Fitzgerald, who was brought in to investigate that case, said in 2006 that he believed some potentially relevant emails sent by aides in Cheney’s office were in the administration’s system but he couldn’t get access to them. 15 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 on a different track but having no more luck. In a bipartisan vote in 2008, the committee found White House aides Karl Rove and Joshua Bolten in contempt of Congress for refusing to comply with subpoenas in the investigation of the fired U.S. attorneys. The penalties for contempt are fines and possible jail time, but no punishment was ever handed down because a D.C. federal appeals court stayed the Senate’s ruling in October 2008, while the White House appealed. Rove’s lawyer claimed Rove did not “intentionally delete” any emails but was only conducting “the type of routine deletions people make to keep their inboxes orderly,” according to the Associated Press. By then, Obama was weeks away from winning the election, so the Bush administration basically ran out the clock. And neither the Obama administration nor the Senate committee pursued the matter. The committee’s final report on the matter was blunt: “[T]his subversion of the justice system has included lying, misleading, stonewalling and ignoring the Congress in our attempts to find out precisely what happened. The reasons given for PAGE ONE /POLITICS The supposedly lost emails also prevented Congress from fully investigating, in 2007, the politically motivated firing of nine U.S. attorneys. When the Democrat-led Senate Judiciary Committee subpoenaed related emails, Bush’s attorney general, Alberto Gonzalez, said many were inaccessible or lost on a nongovernmental private server run by the RNC and called gwb43.com. The White House, meanwhile, officially refused to comply with the congressional subpoena. Senate Judiciary Chairman Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.) called the president’s actions “Nixonian stonewalling” and at one point took to the floor in exasperation and shouted, “They say they have not been preserved. I don’t believe that!” His House counterpart, Judiciary Chairman John Conyers (D-Mich.), said Bush’s assertion of executive privilege was unprecedented and displayed “an appalling disregard for the right of the people to know what is going on in their government.” In court in May 2008, administration lawyers contended that the White House had lost three months’ worth of email backups from the initial days of the Iraq War. Bush aides thus evaded a court-ordered deadline to describe the contents of digital backup believed to contain emails deleted in 2003 between March—when the U.S. invaded Iraq—and September. They also refused to give the NSA nonprofit any emails relating to the Iraq War, despite the PRA, blaming a system upgrade that had deleted up to 5 million emails. The plaintiffs eventually contended that the Bush administration knew about the problem in 2005 but did nothing to fix it. Eventually, the Bush White House admitted it had lost 22 million emails, not 5 million. Then, in December 2009—well into Barack Obama’s administration—the White House said it found 22 million emails, dated between 2003 and 2005, that it claimed had been mislabeled. That cache was given to the National Archives, and it and other plaintiffs agreed, on December 14, 2009, to settle their lawsuit. But the emails have not yet been made available to the public. The Senate Judiciary Committee was operating “[T]HIS SUBVERSION OF THE JUSTICE SYSTEM HAS INCLUDED LYING, MISLEADING, STONEWALLING AND IGNORING THE CONGRESS.” NEWSWEEK these firings were contrived as part of a cover-up, and the stonewalling by the White House is part and parcel of that same effort.” At the time, some journalists and editorialists complained about a lack of transparency on the White House’s part, but The Washington Post, in an editorial, accepted the White House explanation that the emails could have been lost due to flawed IT systems. The mystery of what was in the missing Bush emails and why they went missing is still years away from being solved—if ever. They won’t be available to the public until 2021, when the presidential security restrictions elapse. Even then, with currently available archiving and sorting methods, researchers will still have years of work to figure out whether Cheney deleted days’ worth of emails around the time of the WMD propaganda campaign that led to war. “To your question of what’s in there—we 16 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 + FRUSTRATED: W I N M C N A M E E /G E T T Y Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy described the Bush White House’s failure to provide emails to Congress as “Nixonian stonewalling.” don’t know,” the National Security Archive’s Blanton says. “There was not a commitment at the top for saving it all. Now was that resistance motivated by political reasons? Or was it ‘We gotta save money’?” Like Leahy, Blanton has doubts that the emails were ever truly “lost,” given that every email exists in two places, with the sender and with the recipient. But unlike watchdog group Judicial Watch, which has been relentless about forcing the State Department to publicly release Hillary Clinton’s emails, Blanton and his fellow researchers have decided not to press their fight for the release of the Bush emails. Blanton says he has no idea whether the Bush email record will be found intact after 2021, when his group will be allowed to do a systematic search and recovery process in the National Archives. “Did they find all of them? We don’t know,” he says. “Our hope is that by that time, NEWSWEEK the government and the National Archives will have much better technology and tools with which to sift and sort that kind of volume.” Blanton says he’s not expecting that kind of upgrade, though. “Their entire budget is less than the cost of a single Marine One helicopter,” he says. “It’s an underfunded orphan.” Meanwhile, the episode has been nearly forgotten by almost everyone but the litigants. A source involved with the stymied congressional investigation recalled the period as “an intense time,” but the Obama administration didn’t encourage any follow-up, devoting its political capital to dealing with the crashing economy rather than investigating the murky doings that took place under his predecessor. Since then, no major media outlet has devoted significant—or, really, any—resources to obtaining the emails, or to finding out what was in them, or what, exactly, the Bush administration was hiding (or losing). 17 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 PA G E O N E/ M E D I C INE SYRIAN SUPERBUGS Bashar al-Assad’s war in Syria could produce something far more deadly than ISIS: the end of antibiotics MOHAMMED ABU ARA is the face of a grave new threat, but propped up on his bed in an airy segregated hospital ward in Jordan, there’s not a hint of menace about him. With his left arm cut off above the elbow and one of his legs encased in a metal splint, he looks like thousands of others whose lives have been shredded by the violence of the Syrian civil war. Yet for many regional health analysts, Abu Ara and several others at the Doctors Without Borders Special Hospital for Reconstructive Surgery in Amman are part of a terrifying new trend: the growing number of Syrians who are immune to almost all antibiotics. The only way to treat them is to amputate their affected limbs and inject them with last-resort drugs. For those suffering from less peripheral wounds, the prognosis is even grimmer. “If the infection is in the chest or brain, he will die,” says Rashid Fakhri, surgical coordinator for the organization, known internationally as Médecins sans frontières (MSF), in Amman. “You can’t amputate there.” After five and a half years of death and destruction, those working at hospitals and makeshift clinics along the Syrian border thought they’d seen every injury imaginable—from chest wounds stanched with hookah pipes to twin brothers whose skulls were dented by an undetonated rocket-propelled grenade. But as the conflict escalates and conditions worsen for civilians and soldiers alike, doctors and aid workers fear antibiotic NEWSWEEK resistance could soon become deadlier than the Islamic State group (ISIS) or Bashar al-Assad’s dreaded air force. And with resistant bacteria spreading fast, Syria might even become the place where antibiotics, one of the biggest lifesavers of the 20th century, stop working altogether. There are few reliable statistics on the number of fatalities in Syria related to failing drugs, and for now the problem seems manageable. Last month, a 14-year-old boy from a barrel-bombed Damascus suburb, whose body had rejected all available antibiotics, succumbed to multiple infections not long after he arrived at a Jordanian clinic. At a field hospital in Lebanon’s Bekaa Valley, medics say ineffective antibiotics appear to have increased the death rate over the past year. “In 2015, we lost two people,” says Mariam Mohamed, a volunteer nurse at an emergency refugee clinic outside Chtoura, halfway between Beirut and the Syrian border. “So far this year, we’ve already lost four who weren’t responding to treatment.” Frazzled medical professionals believe the problem is quickly getting worse, especially in besieged swathes of Syria that doctors can’t reach. At MSF’s hospital in Amman, half of the patients now arrive with some sort of chronic infection; of those, 60 percent are resistant to multiple drugs. United Nations officials are so concerned they recently called for an emergency General Assembly summit on superbugs in late September. “If 18 0 9 / 2 3 / 2016 BY PETER SCHWARTZSTEIN @PSchwartzstein
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